In a recent issue of Science, Hao et al. reported a highly effective “acid-humidification” strategy, utilizing volatile acid vapors to mitigate salt precipitation during electrochemical CO2 reduction. This method enabled 100 cm2 electrolyzers to operate for over 4,500 h at 100 mA cm−2, advancing practical CO2 electroreduction technologies.
{"title":"Acidified gas phase enables long-term stable CO2 electrolysis","authors":"Yixin Chen , Xingyu Ding , Zuxin Wen , Xianbiao Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a recent issue of <em>Science</em>, Hao et al. reported a highly effective “acid-humidification” strategy, utilizing volatile acid vapors to mitigate salt precipitation during electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction. This method enabled 100 cm<sup>2</sup> electrolyzers to operate for over 4,500 h at 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, advancing practical CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102095"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102094
Yuanyuan Xue , Gengfeng Zheng
The CO2 electroreduction is promising for mitigating carbon emissions and producing value-added chemicals, but the direct CO2-to-C3+ conversion has still remained highly challenging. A recent report in Nature Catalysis demonstrated a reconstructed CuP2 catalyst for efficient CO2 electroreduction to C3+ products and proposed a new formaldehyde condensation coupling mechanism.
{"title":"Efficient electroreduction of CO2 to C3+ chemicals by a formaldehyde condensation mechanism","authors":"Yuanyuan Xue , Gengfeng Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction is promising for mitigating carbon emissions and producing value-added chemicals, but the direct CO<sub>2</sub>-to-C<sub>3+</sub> conversion has still remained highly challenging. A recent report in <em>Nature Catalysis</em> demonstrated a reconstructed CuP<sub>2</sub> catalyst for efficient CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction to C<sub>3+</sub> products and proposed a new formaldehyde condensation coupling mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102094"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102010
Yunhong Che , Vivek N. Lam , Jinwook Rhyu , Joachim Schaeffer , Minsu Kim , Martin Z. Bazant , William C. Chueh , Richard D. Braatz
Diverse usage patterns induce complex and variable aging behaviors in lithium-ion batteries, complicating accurate health diagnosis and prognosis. In this work, we leverage portions of operational measurements from charging or dynamic discharging in combination with an interpretable machine learning model to enable rapid, onboard battery health diagnostics and prognostics without offline diagnostic testing and access to historical data. We integrate mechanistic constraints derived from differential voltage analysis within an encoder-decoder to extract electrode health states in a physically interpretable latent space, which enables improved reconstruction of the degradation path with onboard aging mechanisms tracking. The diagnosis model can be flexibly applied across diverse applications with slight fine-tuning. We demonstrate the model’s versatility by applying it to three battery-cycling datasets consisting of 422 cells under different operating conditions, with a mean absolute error of less than 2% for health diagnosis under varying conditions, highlighting the utility of an interpretable, diagnostic-free model.
{"title":"Diagnostic-free onboard battery health assessment","authors":"Yunhong Che , Vivek N. Lam , Jinwook Rhyu , Joachim Schaeffer , Minsu Kim , Martin Z. Bazant , William C. Chueh , Richard D. Braatz","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Diverse usage patterns induce complex and variable aging behaviors in lithium-ion batteries, complicating accurate health diagnosis and prognosis. In this work, we leverage portions of operational measurements from charging or dynamic discharging in combination with an interpretable machine learning model to enable rapid, onboard battery health diagnostics and prognostics without offline diagnostic testing and access to </span>historical data<span>. We integrate mechanistic constraints derived from differential voltage analysis within an encoder-decoder to extract electrode health states in a physically interpretable latent space, which enables improved reconstruction of the degradation path with onboard aging mechanisms tracking. The diagnosis model can be flexibly applied across diverse applications with slight fine-tuning. We demonstrate the model’s versatility by applying it to three battery-cycling datasets consisting of 422 cells under different operating conditions, with a mean absolute error of less than 2% for health diagnosis under varying conditions, highlighting the utility of an interpretable, diagnostic-free model.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102010"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102051
Wanjie Song , Xiaolin Ge , Liang Wu , Zhengjin Yang , Tongwen Xu
Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) enable the selective transport of anions, playing a crucial role in renewable electrochemical energy conversion technologies. Recent decades have witnessed significant breakthroughs in AEM design strategies, synthesis methodologies, and performance optimization. Unfortunately, moving from fundamental research to commercialization remains a huge challenge despite the great market demand for AEM. In this review, we first discuss the current technological requirements and analyze the state of AEM. Then, we focus on the bottlenecks encountered and solved in scaling up chemical reactions and implementing roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing processes. Finally, we prospect the future development of commercial AEM from the monomer structure-membrane stability relationships, mechanism understanding in amplification polymerization, and environment and cost-effectiveness assessments. This comprehensive analysis aims to bridge the gap between fundamental research and the commercialization of AEM and to accelerate the deployment of AEM in relevant technologies.
{"title":"Bottlenecks of commercializing anion exchange membranes for energy devices","authors":"Wanjie Song , Xiaolin Ge , Liang Wu , Zhengjin Yang , Tongwen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) enable the selective transport of anions, playing a crucial role in renewable electrochemical energy conversion technologies. Recent decades have witnessed significant breakthroughs in AEM design strategies, synthesis methodologies, and performance optimization. Unfortunately, moving from fundamental research to commercialization remains a huge challenge despite the great market demand for AEM. In this review, we first discuss the current technological requirements and analyze the state of AEM. Then, we focus on the bottlenecks encountered and solved in scaling up chemical reactions and implementing roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing processes. Finally, we prospect the future development of commercial AEM from the monomer structure-membrane stability relationships, mechanism understanding in amplification polymerization, and environment and cost-effectiveness assessments. This comprehensive analysis aims to bridge the gap between fundamental research and the commercialization of AEM and to accelerate the deployment of AEM in relevant technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102051"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102007
Yeongju Jung , Seongmin Jeong , Gyu Heo , Kyung Rok Pyun , Seok Hwan Choi , Junhyuk Bang , Jae Gun Lee , Hongchan Kim , Jaeho Shin , Sukjoon Hong , Jinwoo Lee , Daeyeon Won , Jaeman Song , Seung Hwan Ko
Conventional thermal management systems contribute significantly to environmental challenges, motivating the exploration of zero-energy techniques such as radiative cooling and solar heating. In this study, an innovative strategy is introduced to transform transparent polydimethylsiloxane into a versatile material via laser-induced pyrolysis. By precisely controlling laser intensity, the material is engineered for multi-thermal management, exhibiting high reflectivity and thermal emission for effective cooling under high-energy processing and strong solar absorption for notable heating under low-energy conditions. Simulation results indicate that applying this material to building roofs could reduce annual energy consumption by up to 26.5%. Moreover, its capability to form Janus structures and all-laser-patterned solar thermoelectric devices highlights its potential for sustainable technologies. This work represents a pioneering strategy in sustainable thermal management for cooling and heating, demonstrating a novel use of a monolith material and a facile fabrication technique and offering a promising solution to global environmental challenges.
{"title":"Monolithic integration of radiative cooling and solar heating functionalities by laser-induced pyrolysis","authors":"Yeongju Jung , Seongmin Jeong , Gyu Heo , Kyung Rok Pyun , Seok Hwan Choi , Junhyuk Bang , Jae Gun Lee , Hongchan Kim , Jaeho Shin , Sukjoon Hong , Jinwoo Lee , Daeyeon Won , Jaeman Song , Seung Hwan Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional thermal management systems contribute significantly to environmental challenges, motivating the exploration of zero-energy techniques such as radiative cooling and solar heating. In this study, an innovative strategy is introduced to transform transparent polydimethylsiloxane into a versatile material via laser-induced pyrolysis. By precisely controlling laser intensity, the material is engineered for multi-thermal management, exhibiting high reflectivity and thermal emission for effective cooling under high-energy processing and strong solar absorption for notable heating under low-energy conditions. Simulation results indicate that applying this material to building roofs could reduce annual energy consumption by up to 26.5%. Moreover, its capability to form Janus structures and all-laser-patterned solar thermoelectric devices highlights its potential for sustainable technologies. This work represents a pioneering strategy in sustainable thermal management for cooling and heating, demonstrating a novel use of a monolith material and a facile fabrication technique and offering a promising solution to global environmental challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102007"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102031
Jiazhi Meng , Yu Gao , Junnan Hu , Chengcheng Wu , Yuan Li , Si-Wei Zhang , Yuou Chen , Ross A. Kerner , Jing Ma , Yang Shen , Xuan Zhang , Feiyu Kang , Barry P. Rand , Guodan Wei
Halide perovskite solar cells with mixed-cation compositions often face instabilities under continuous illumination due to the deprotonation of methylammonium (CH3NH3+, MA+) cations. To address this, we systematically evaluate the partial and complete deuteration of MA+ cations. This approach inhibits deprotonation and degradation, reduces the formation energy of the perovskite phase, improves grain growth, passivates defects, and restrains ion migration. As a result, perovskite solar cells incorporating this deuteration strategy achieve exceptional performance, including a high fill factor (FF) of 82.6% and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.6%. Their modules with a device area of 56 cm2 demonstrate remarkable stability, maintaining over 93.7% of their initial PCE after 1,000 h at the maximum power point under continuous illumination at 40°C. This novel deuteration strategy presents a promising approach to enhance both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.
{"title":"Deuterium-substituted cations enhance perovskite solar cell efficiency and stability","authors":"Jiazhi Meng , Yu Gao , Junnan Hu , Chengcheng Wu , Yuan Li , Si-Wei Zhang , Yuou Chen , Ross A. Kerner , Jing Ma , Yang Shen , Xuan Zhang , Feiyu Kang , Barry P. Rand , Guodan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>Halide </span>perovskite solar cells<span> with mixed-cation compositions often face instabilities under continuous illumination due to the </span></span>deprotonation<span> of methylammonium (CH</span></span><sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup><span>, MA</span><sup>+</sup>) cations. To address this, we systematically evaluate the partial and complete deuteration of MA<sup>+</sup><span><span> cations. This approach inhibits deprotonation and degradation, reduces the formation energy of the </span>perovskite<span> phase, improves grain growth, passivates defects, and restrains ion migration. As a result, perovskite solar cells incorporating this deuteration strategy achieve exceptional performance, including a high fill factor (FF) of 82.6% and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.6%. Their modules with a device area of 56 cm</span></span><sup>2</sup><span> demonstrate remarkable stability, maintaining over 93.7% of their initial PCE after 1,000 h at the maximum power point under continuous illumination at 40°C. This novel deuteration strategy presents a promising approach to enhance both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102031"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102040
Matthias Mersch , Marwan Sendi , Christos N. Markides , Niall Mac Dowell
Matthias Mersch is a postdoctoral researcher in the Clean Energy Processes (CEP) Laboratory in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Imperial College London. He holds an MSc in energy engineering from RWTH Aachen University and a PhD in chemical engineering from Imperial College London, working in collaboration with the Centre for Environmental Policy. Matthias works at the interface between detailed technology modeling and whole-energy system optimization.
Marwan Sendi is a senior engineer in the Life Cycle Assessment Group at Saudi Aramco’s Technology Strategy and Planning Department, where he focuses on technology assessment and net-zero strategy. He holds a PhD from Imperial College London, where his research centered on geospatial modeling of chemical processes and energy systems, including direct air capture systems.
Christos N. Markides is a professor of clean energy technologies and head of the Clean Energy Processes (CEP) Laboratory at Imperial College London, with an interest in the development of next-generation energy technologies and systems. He is editor-in-chief of the journal Applied Thermal Engineering and founding editor-in-chief of the journal AI Thermal Fluids. Professor Markides has authored over 400 journal articles and books.
Niall Mac Dowell is a professor of future energy systems at Imperial College London. He is a chartered engineer and is a fellow of both the Institution of Chemical Engineers and the Royal Society of Chemistry. Professor Mac Dowell has 20 years of experience in the energy transition and has published more than 200 books, papers, and technical reports on this subject. He has consulted widely for a range of public and private organizations who are active in implementing the net-zero transition.
Matthias Mersch是伦敦帝国理工学院化学工程系清洁能源过程（CEP）实验室的博士后研究员。他拥有亚琛工业大学能源工程硕士学位和伦敦帝国理工学院化学工程博士学位，并与环境政策中心合作。Matthias致力于详细技术建模和全能源系统优化之间的接口。Marwan Sendi是沙特阿美公司技术战略和规划部生命周期评估小组的高级工程师，他专注于技术评估和净零战略。他拥有伦敦帝国理工学院的博士学位，他的研究重点是化学过程和能源系统的地理空间建模，包括直接空气捕获系统。克里斯托·n·马基德斯是伦敦帝国理工学院清洁能源技术教授和清洁能源过程（CEP）实验室负责人，对下一代能源技术和系统的发展感兴趣。他是《应用热工程》杂志的主编，也是《人工智能热流体》杂志的创始主编。马基德斯教授撰写了400多篇期刊文章和书籍。尼尔·麦克·道尔（Niall Mac Dowell）是伦敦帝国学院未来能源系统教授。他是一名特许工程师，是化学工程师学会和皇家化学学会的会员。麦克道尔教授在能源转型方面拥有20年的经验，并就此主题出版了200多本书籍、论文和技术报告。他为一系列积极实施净零转型的公共和私人组织提供了广泛的咨询。
{"title":"A rational lens on prioritizing emission reductions via removal versus abatement","authors":"Matthias Mersch , Marwan Sendi , Christos N. Markides , Niall Mac Dowell","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Matthias Mersch is a postdoctoral researcher in the Clean Energy Processes (CEP) Laboratory in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Imperial College London. He holds an MSc in energy engineering from RWTH Aachen University and a PhD in chemical engineering from Imperial College London, working in collaboration with the Centre for Environmental Policy. Matthias works at the interface between detailed technology modeling and whole-energy system optimization.</div><div>Marwan Sendi is a senior engineer in the Life Cycle Assessment Group at Saudi Aramco’s Technology Strategy and Planning Department, where he focuses on technology assessment and net-zero strategy. He holds a PhD from Imperial College London, where his research centered on geospatial modeling of chemical processes and energy systems, including direct air capture systems.</div><div>Christos N. Markides is a professor of clean energy technologies and head of the Clean Energy Processes (CEP) Laboratory at Imperial College London, with an interest in the development of next-generation energy technologies and systems. He is editor-in-chief of the journal <em>Applied Thermal Engineering</em> and founding editor-in-chief of the journal <em>AI Thermal Fluids</em>. Professor Markides has authored over 400 journal articles and books.</div><div>Niall Mac Dowell is a professor of future energy systems at Imperial College London. He is a chartered engineer and is a fellow of both the Institution of Chemical Engineers and the Royal Society of Chemistry. Professor Mac Dowell has 20 years of experience in the energy transition and has published more than 200 books, papers, and technical reports on this subject. He has consulted widely for a range of public and private organizations who are active in implementing the net-zero transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102040"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102037
Wenhua Zuo , Huihuo Zheng , Tanjin He , Venkatram Vishwanath , Maria K.Y. Chan , Rick L. Stevens , Khalil Amine , Gui-Liang Xu
Large language models (LLMs) are advanced artificial intelligence systems capable of solving diverse tasks using language, reasoning, and external tools. Despite their growing deployment in academia and industry, their potential remains underexplored in battery research. This review presents a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging applications of LLMs in the battery field, addressing two critical questions: what can LLMs offer to support battery-related tasks, and how can more effective models be developed for this purpose? We begin by outlining the principles of LLMs and criteria for selecting appropriate models and tools for battery research and development. We then explore the roles of LLMs in text mining, data interpretation, and the development of intelligent battery systems. In parallel, we discuss technical challenges, such as data standardization and sharing, model evaluation, and tool integration. Finally, we propose future research directions with short-, medium-, and long-term goals and highlight more broad perspectives for connecting experts and cross-disciplinary collaborations.
{"title":"Large language models for batteries","authors":"Wenhua Zuo , Huihuo Zheng , Tanjin He , Venkatram Vishwanath , Maria K.Y. Chan , Rick L. Stevens , Khalil Amine , Gui-Liang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large language models (LLMs) are advanced artificial intelligence systems capable of solving diverse tasks using language, reasoning, and external tools. Despite their growing deployment in academia and industry, their potential remains underexplored in battery research. This review presents a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging applications of LLMs in the battery field, addressing two critical questions: what can LLMs offer to support battery-related tasks, and how can more effective models be developed for this purpose? We begin by outlining the principles of LLMs and criteria for selecting appropriate models and tools for battery research and development. We then explore the roles of LLMs in text mining, data interpretation, and the development of intelligent battery systems. In parallel, we discuss technical challenges, such as data standardization and sharing, model evaluation, and tool integration. Finally, we propose future research directions with short-, medium-, and long-term goals and highlight more broad perspectives for connecting experts and cross-disciplinary collaborations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102037"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102093
Myeong Gyun Nam , Yuan Yang
The practical application of all-solid-state batteries is hindered by the high pressure required for cell operation. In a recent issue of Science, Yoon et al. developed a Li-Na composite anode operable at low pressures below 1 MPa, utilizing bio-inspired morphogenesis of Na at the anode-electrolyte interface.
{"title":"Bio-morphogenesis relieves pressure in all-solid-state batteries","authors":"Myeong Gyun Nam , Yuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The practical application of all-solid-state batteries is hindered by the high pressure required for cell operation. In a recent issue of <em>Science</em>, Yoon et al. developed a Li-Na composite anode operable at low pressures below 1 MPa, utilizing bio-inspired morphogenesis of Na at the anode-electrolyte interface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102093"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102045
Evan Summerwill Flitz , Nicholas Ryan Singstock , Seoung-Bum Son , Cooper Tezak , Marcos Lucero , Xiaolin Li , Charles Musgrave , Chunmei Ban
Sodium batteries are an attractive alternative to lithium-ion technologies due to sodium’s lower cost and natural abundance—over 1,000 times greater than lithium, comprising approximately 2.4% of the Earth’s crust. However, most current electrolytes rely on fluorine-containing components, which raise economic and environmental concerns. This study explores fluorine-free, borate-based electrolytes that offer improved cycling stability and significant cost and sustainability benefits. We demonstrate stable sodium metal stripping and plating on aluminum foil, enabling anode-free cell configurations with over 50% capacity retention after 700 cycles. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses reveal the effects of solvents and salt composition on solvation, ionic conductivity, and oxidative stability. In full-cell configurations, the fluorine-free electrolyte maintains more than 98% capacity retention after 400 cycles. These findings represent a critical step toward the development of cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and high-performance sodium battery systems suitable for future electrification.
{"title":"A low-cost, fluorine-free electrolyte for improved sodium batteries","authors":"Evan Summerwill Flitz , Nicholas Ryan Singstock , Seoung-Bum Son , Cooper Tezak , Marcos Lucero , Xiaolin Li , Charles Musgrave , Chunmei Ban","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joule.2025.102045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Sodium batteries are an attractive alternative to lithium-ion technologies due to sodium’s lower cost and natural abundance—over 1,000 times greater than lithium, comprising approximately 2.4% of the Earth’s crust. However, most current electrolytes rely on fluorine-containing components, which raise economic and environmental concerns. This study explores fluorine-free, borate-based electrolytes that offer improved cycling stability and significant cost and sustainability benefits. We demonstrate stable </span>sodium<span><span> metal stripping and plating on aluminum foil, enabling anode-free cell configurations with over 50% capacity retention after 700 cycles. Spectroscopic and </span>electrochemical analyses<span> reveal the effects of solvents and salt composition on </span></span></span>solvation<span><span>, ionic conductivity, and </span>oxidative stability<span>. In full-cell configurations, the fluorine-free electrolyte maintains more than 98% capacity retention after 400 cycles. These findings represent a critical step toward the development of cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and high-performance sodium battery systems suitable for future electrification.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":343,"journal":{"name":"Joule","volume":"9 8","pages":"Article 102045"},"PeriodicalIF":35.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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