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Electrochemically resolved acoustic emissions from Li-ion batteries 电化学分解锂离子电池的声发射
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102108
Yash Samantaray , Daniel A. Cogswell , Alexander E. Cohen , Martin Z. Bazant
New methods of operando non-destructive evaluation (NDE) are needed to better assess the health and safety of Li-ion batteries. Acoustic emission (AE) testing is a widely used NDE technique in structural engineering but has yet to provide reliable assessments in battery applications. Here, we show that various electro-chemo-mechanical processes in battery electrodes (graphite and nickel-manganese-cobalt oxides [NMC]) can be reproducibly identified by electrochemically resolved AEs after eliminating electromagnetic interference and applying wavelet-based signal processing. First, we perform “acousto-voltammetry” to correlate acoustic activity with specific electrochemical processes, such as ethylene gas generation and NMC particle fracture, as confirmed by gas detection and ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, respectively. Next, we demonstrate that AEs can be distinguished using wavelet-transform features. Electrochemically resolved AEs provide a new window into quantitatively monitoring battery degradation, offering insights into electro-chemo-mechanical processes and potential advantages over conventional methods for the assessing state of health, remaining useful life, and safety risks.
为了更好地评价锂离子电池的健康和安全,需要新的操作无损评价方法。声发射(AE)测试是一种在结构工程中广泛应用的无损检测技术,但尚未在电池应用中提供可靠的评估。本研究表明,在消除电磁干扰并应用基于小波的信号处理后,电池电极(石墨和镍锰钴氧化物[NMC])中的各种电化学机械过程可以通过电化学分解的ae重复识别。首先,我们使用“声伏安法”将声波活动与特定的电化学过程联系起来,如乙烯气体生成和NMC颗粒断裂,分别通过气体检测和非原位扫描电子显微镜(SEM)成像得到证实。接下来,我们证明了ae可以使用小波变换特征来区分。电化学分解的ae为定量监测电池退化提供了一个新的窗口,提供了对电化学-机械过程的见解,以及在评估健康状态、剩余使用寿命和安全风险方面优于传统方法的潜在优势。
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引用次数: 0
Designing the local reaction environment of electrocatalysts 设计电催化剂的局部反应环境
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102168
J. Niklas Hausmann , Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu , Prashanth W. Menezes
Electrocatalytic research often emphasizes active site design. However, these sites realize their full potential only within an optimal local reaction environment. In a recent issue of Nature Chemical Engineering, Winter and colleagues demonstrate that ion-selective ionophores enhance nitrate reduction selectivity by retaining unwanted intermediates in the electrocatalyst’s local reaction environment.
电催化研究往往强调活性位点的设计。然而,这些站点只有在最佳的局部反应环境中才能充分发挥其潜力。在最近一期的《自然化学工程》杂志上,温特和他的同事们证明了离子选择性离子载体通过在电催化剂的局部反应环境中保留不需要的中间体来提高硝酸盐还原的选择性。
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引用次数: 0
Approaching thermodynamic boundaries and targeting market players for commercial atmospheric water harvesting 接近热力学边界,瞄准商业大气水收集的市场参与者
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102132
He Shan , Zhihui Chen , Jiaqi Yu , Yixiu Dong , Shuai Du , Tianshu Ge , Ruzhu Wang
He Shan is a PhD student supervised by Prof. Ruzhu Wang at Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration (MOE China), Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). He received his BS degree from Chongqing University in 2019. Subsequently, he pursued a combined master’s and doctoral degree in SJTU and earned a joint PhD degree from SJTU and National University of Singapore (NUS) in 2025. His research interests focus on hydrogel-based atmospheric water harvesting and energy management.
Zhihui Chen is a PhD student supervised by Prof. Ruzhu Wang at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. She received her BS degree in energy and power engineering from Xi’an Jiaotong University in 2021. Her research interests focus on sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting and heat and mass transfer enhancement.
Prof. Ruzhu Wang is a chair professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and has served as director of the Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics for three decades. He is also editor-in-chief of Energy. His research focuses on the energy-water-air nexus, green building energy systems, and heat pumps. He has received three Chinese National Research Awards and numerous prestigious international honors, including the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Medal, the IEA Rittinger International Heat Pump Award, and the Global Energy Prize in 2023.
何山是上海交通大学太阳能与制冷工程研究中心的一名博士生,导师是王如柱教授。
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引用次数: 0
Controllable electrolysis doping of organic semiconductors for stable perovskite solar cells 稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池用有机半导体可控电解掺杂
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102106
Hao Huang , Zhineng Lan , Yingying Yang , Huilin Yan , Meng Wan , Yi Lu , Shujie Qu , Tongtong Jiang , Changxu Sun , Benyu Liu , Peng Cui , Meicheng Li
The conventional doping method of organic semiconductors (commonly including lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide [LiTFSI]) served as hole transport layers in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffers from a complex, time-consuming oxidation process, detrimentally impacting device stability. Herein, we propose a novel electrolysis doping strategy to modulate organic semiconductors, enabling controllable doping and effective Li⁺ removal. This electrolysis doping exploits holes with tunable oxidizing capabilities to oxidize organic semiconductors into ion radicals at the surface of the anode electrode, which exhibits a high reproducibility and a universal application on different organic semiconductors. Simultaneously, Li⁺ ions can be reduced to Li atoms at the surface of the cathode electrode, thus removing stability-damaging residual Li+. Accordingly, the regular PSCs using electrolyzed 2,2',7,7'-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro) achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.16%, and the inverted-structured PSCs using electrolyzed poly[bis(4-phenyl) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine (PTAA) achieve a PCE of 25.57% with satisfying stability by maintaining 91% of initial efficiency after operating for 1,400 h under continuous one-sun illumination.
传统的有机半导体(通常包括锂二(三氟甲烷)磺酰亚胺[LiTFSI])掺杂方法作为钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)的空穴传输层,存在复杂、耗时的氧化过程,对器件的稳定性产生不利影响。在这里,我们提出了一种新的电解掺杂策略来调制有机半导体,实现了可控的掺杂和有效的Li⁺去除。这种电解掺杂利用具有可调氧化能力的空穴在阳极电极表面将有机半导体氧化为离子自由基,具有较高的可重复性,在不同的有机半导体上具有普遍的应用前景。同时,Li+离子可以在阴极电极表面还原为Li原子,从而去除破坏稳定性的残余Li+。因此,使用电解2,2',7,7'-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基]-9,9'- spirobi芴(Spiro)的常规PSCs的功率转换效率(PCE)为26.16%,而使用电解聚[双(4-苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)胺(PTAA)的反转结构PSCs的PCE为25.57%,在连续一次太阳照射1,400 h后保持91%的初始效率,具有满意的稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
A universal soft upper limit to the Seebeck coefficient in organic thermoelectrics 有机热电材料中塞贝克系数的通用软上限
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102140
Zelong Li , Dorothea Scheunemann , Dennis Derewjanko , Yuqian Liu , Martijn Kemerink , Guangzheng Zuo
The trade-off between conductivity (σ) and Seebeck coefficient (S) is an ongoing challenge for organic thermoelectrics as it determines how far the power factor (PF=σS2) can ultimately be pushed. Comparing experimental data for different polymers at variable doping levels, we show that the S vs. σ curve is universal up to the maximum PF, followed by a material-dependent roll-off, when S and σ are normalized to their values at maximum PF and find there is a soft upper limit for S (∼200 μV/K), where the optimal power factor is achieved. Combining tight-binding and kinetic Monte Carlo modeling, we quantitatively explain this behavior in terms of quasi-free charges moving in a renormalized density of states of Gaussian shape, where the renormalization accounts for the screened interaction with the ionized dopants. Our results imply that the trade-off exists only at the single-material level and leads to practical design rules.
导电性(σσ)和塞贝克系数(SS)之间的权衡是有机热电器件的一个持续挑战,因为它决定了功率因数(PF=σS2PF=σS2)最终可以被推多远。比较不同聚合物在不同掺杂水平下的实验数据,我们发现SS和σσ曲线在最大PFPF前是普遍的,然后是材料相关的滚降,当SS和σσ归一化到最大PFPF时,SS存在软上限(~ 200 μV/K),达到最佳功率因数。结合紧密结合和动力学蒙特卡罗模型,我们定量地解释了准自由电荷在高斯形状的重正规化态密度中运动的这种行为,其中重正规化解释了与电离掺杂剂的筛选相互作用。我们的结果表明,这种权衡只存在于单一材料水平,并导致实际的设计规则。
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引用次数: 0
n-type regulation of 2D perovskite interlayers for efficient perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells 高效钙钛矿-硅串联太阳能电池中二维钙钛矿中间层的n型调控
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102141
Ruilin Li , Daoyong Zhang , Jiyao Wei , Biao Li , Haimeng Xin , Pengjie Hang , Zhengyi Ni , Deren Yang , Xuegong Yu
Interfacial defects and imbalanced charge extraction at the perovskite/C60 interface in inverted solar cells drive non-radiative recombination, limiting their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). While two-dimensional (2D) perovskite passivation layers mitigate surface defects, their inherent quantum confinement and poor conductivity hinder carrier transport and energy band alignment. Here, we present an n-type regulation strategy in 2D perovskite interlayers to simultaneously suppress defects and optimize interfacial energetics. By incorporating antimony trichloride (SbCl3) into phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI)-based 2D perovskites, we achieved n-type doping in the 2D passivation layer markedly enhancing its electron density, building up a field effect to enhance the passivation at the perovskite/C60 interface. This controlled n-type modulation reshapes interfacial band bending, suppresses hole backflow, and reduces recombination at the interface. The resulting synergy enables efficient carrier extraction with minimal contact loss, yielding a perovskite-silicon tandem efficiency over 33% (certified 32.56%) with improved operational stability.
在倒置太阳能电池中,钙钛矿/C60界面的界面缺陷和不平衡电荷提取驱动了非辐射复合,限制了其功率转换效率(pce)。虽然二维(2D)钙钛矿钝化层减轻了表面缺陷,但其固有的量子限制和较差的电导率阻碍了载流子传输和能带对齐。在这里,我们提出了一种二维钙钛矿间层的n型调节策略,同时抑制缺陷和优化界面能量。通过将三氯化锑(SbCl3)掺入到苯乙基碘化铵(PEAI)基二维钙钛矿中,在二维钝化层中实现了n型掺杂,显著增强了其电子密度,在钙钛矿/C60界面处形成场效应,增强了钝化效果。这种可控的n型调制改变了界面带弯曲,抑制了空穴回流,减少了界面处的复合。由此产生的协同作用能够以最小的接触损失高效提取载流子,产生超过33%的钙钛矿-硅串联效率(经认证为32.56%),并提高了操作稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Reaching a consensus on indoor photovoltaics testing 对室内光伏测试达成共识
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102127
Robert L.Z. Hoye , George Koutsourakis , Marina Freitag , Zacharie Jehl Li-Kao , Thomas Österberg , Simon Aliwell , Mathieu Bellanger , Thomas M. Brown , Francesca Brunetti , Matthew J. Carnie , Abhisek Chakraborty , Giulia Grancini , Petri Kärhä , Matthias Kauer , Thomas Kirchartz , Chieh-Ting Lin , Monica Lira-Cantú , Yean-San Long , Senol Öz , Sonia R. Raga , Gregory Burwell
Most authors are part of a consortium that meets through the Indoor Photovoltaics Conference (IPVC), which is organized in conjunction with the MENTOR Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Doctoral Network. The IPVC is held annually, and brings together groups from academia, companies commercializing indoor photovoltaic (IPV) and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, national laboratories, and equipment manufacturers. More information can be found at https://projects.tuni.fi/mentor/. Another Marie Skłodowska-Curie Doctoral Network (MASAUTO), funded at the same time, also focuses on IoT development, including IPVs, as well as energy storage and low-power memory (http://masauto-net.eu/).
大多数作者都是室内光伏会议(IPVC)的成员,该会议与MENTOR Marie Skłodowska-Curie行动博士网络共同组织。IPVC每年举办一次,汇集了来自学术界、室内光伏(IPV)和物联网(IoT)设备商业化公司、国家实验室和设备制造商的团体。更多信息请访问https://projects.tuni.fi/mentor/。同时资助的另一个Marie Skłodowska-Curie博士网络(MASAUTO)也专注于物联网开发,包括IPVs,以及能量存储和低功耗存储器(http://masauto-net.eu/)。
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引用次数: 0
Interface and grain boundary engineering toward better solid oxide cells 界面和晶界工程,以更好的固体氧化物电池
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102138
Yuexia Ji , Lihong Yao , Aruuhan Bayaguud , Nai Shi , Kai Lv , Yijun Zhong , Jiafeng Cao , Cuifang Wang , Zongping Shao
Solid oxide cells (SOCs) are high-temperature electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices, in which the interface and grain boundary are the most enigmatic areas. Rational construction of a high-quality interface/grain boundary is crucial for the promotion of mass transport, the increase of reaction sites, the decrease of technical costs for scale-up, and the improvement of operational stability, which remains the most intriguing challenge in the development of SOCs. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive analysis of the working mechanisms of interfaces and grain boundaries. This is followed by a discussion of optimization principles and a presentation of recent advances in interface/grain boundary engineering. Finally, we proposed perspectives that may lead to promising breakthroughs in the construction of a high-quality interface/grain boundary. This review is expected to be helpful for the scientific development and commercialization of SOCs integrated with renewable energy sources, as well as for other energy utilization research fields involving solid oxides.
固体氧化物电池(SOCs)是一种高温电化学能量转换和存储装置,其中界面和晶界是最神秘的区域。合理构建高质量的界面/晶界对于促进质量输运、增加反应位点、降低放大技术成本和提高运行稳定性至关重要,这是soc发展中最令人感兴趣的挑战。在本文中,我们首先对界面和晶界的工作机制进行了全面的分析。接下来是优化原理的讨论和界面/晶界工程的最新进展的介绍。最后,我们提出了可能导致高质量界面/晶界构建有希望突破的观点。本文的研究对可再生能源有机碳的科学开发和商业化以及其他涉及固体氧化物的能源利用研究领域具有一定的指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
A holistic approach to the separation, storage, and transportation of crude hydrogen 一种分离、储存和运输粗氢的整体方法
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102162
Michele Melchionna , Paolo Fornasiero
In this Nature Energy article, Ding Ma, Yifeng Zhu, and colleagues design a Cu/Al2O3 inverse catalysts for the interconversion between γ-butyrolactone and 1,4-butanediol. The precisely controlled catalyst structure and catalytic conditions result in a notable efficiency of the catalytic cycle and ultimately offer a promising strategy toward green hydrogen economy.
在这篇《自然能源》的文章中,马丁、朱一峰及其同事设计了一种Cu/Al2O3反催化剂,用于γ-丁内酯和1,4-丁二醇之间的相互转化。精确控制催化剂结构和催化条件,使催化循环效率显著提高,最终为实现绿色氢经济提供了一种有希望的策略。
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引用次数: 0
A guide to ion separations for the global energy transition 全球能源转型中的离子分离指南
IF 35.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2025.102134
Ryan Kingsbury
Ion separation materials and processes play a crucial and easily overlooked role in emerging technologies for energy conversion and storage, critical resource recovery, and environmental protection. However, many emerging separation problems exceed the capabilities of currently available materials. Accelerating research in this area thus has high potential to advance economic and environmental sustainability. Efforts to develop more selective materials are hindered by an incomplete understanding of microscopic ion transport and sorption behavior as well as disparate terminology and conventions for describing a single phenomenon among different fields. This perspective offers a coherent framework for rationalizing ion separation behavior based on a rigorous review of electrolyte physical chemistry. After surveying the scope of relevant ionic species and electrolytes, it consolidates their key physical-chemical properties into a “periodic table of ions” that provides a useful heuristic for understanding ion separations. It also comments on the prospects for different material and process design strategies and offers a set of best practices for maximizing the rigor and transferability of new ion separations research.
离子分离材料和工艺在能源转换和储存、关键资源回收和环境保护等新兴技术中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,许多新出现的分离问题超出了现有材料的能力。因此,加速这一领域的研究具有促进经济和环境可持续性的巨大潜力。由于对微观离子传输和吸附行为的不完全理解,以及描述不同领域中单一现象的不同术语和惯例,阻碍了开发更多选择性材料的努力。这一观点提供了一个连贯的框架,合理的离子分离行为基于严格审查电解质物理化学。在调查了相关离子种类和电解质的范围后,它将它们的关键物理化学性质整合到“离子周期表”中,为理解离子分离提供了有用的启发。它还评论了不同材料和工艺设计策略的前景,并提供了一套最佳实践,以最大限度地提高新离子分离研究的严谨性和可转移性。
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引用次数: 0
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