Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120406
A.A. Zolotareva
The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Russian version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The participants were 1800 Russians, including 1076 (59.8%) women and 724 (40.2%) men aged 18 to 90 years (M=30.2; SD=14.5). They completed the Russian version of the PHQ-9. The results showed that the Russian PHQ-9 had high internal reliability (α-Cronbach=0.89). The single-factor structure of the Russian PHQ-9, confirmed by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, highlights the factor validity of the adapted questionnaire. Among the Russians surveyed, 34.4% had high depression, from 22.1% to 81.7% of the participants reported various symptoms of depressive disorders. Depressive symptoms were more common in women and younger respondents, with the exception of complaints about sleep problems, which were more common in older respondents. Further psychometric tests of the Russian PHQ-9 should attract objective data and people with diagnosed depressive disorders.
{"title":"Diagnosis of Depression: Psychometric Examination of the Russian Version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)","authors":"A.A. Zolotareva","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120406","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Russian version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The participants were 1800 Russians, including 1076 (59.8%) women and 724 (40.2%) men aged 18 to 90 years (M=30.2; SD=14.5). They completed the Russian version of the PHQ-9. The results showed that the Russian PHQ-9 had high internal reliability (α-Cronbach=0.89). The single-factor structure of the Russian PHQ-9, confirmed by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, highlights the factor validity of the adapted questionnaire. Among the Russians surveyed, 34.4% had high depression, from 22.1% to 81.7% of the participants reported various symptoms of depressive disorders. Depressive symptoms were more common in women and younger respondents, with the exception of complaints about sleep problems, which were more common in older respondents. Further psychometric tests of the Russian PHQ-9 should attract objective data and people with diagnosed depressive disorders.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"37 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139840746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120402
D. Tsiring, A. Vazhenin, I. Ponomareva, Y. N. Pakhomova
Among oncological diseases, prostate cancer ranks third after lung and stomach cancer. A timely (early) application of patients for medical help, early diagnosis and early treatment are the factors of a favourable course and survival rate. The purpose of the study is to identify a set of psychological predictors associated with untimely primary care-seeking in men with prostate cancer. 81 men diagnosed with prostate cancer took part in the study, aged from 53 to 85 years old (mean age — 64.4, standard deviation — 8.8), 42 men at early stages of the disease (I, II), 39 men at late stages (III, IV), who first sought professional medical help in the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Centre of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia. Seeking medical help at the early stages of the disease (I, II stages) is timely, or an early application, while treatment at later stages (III, IV) is late treatment. The study used survey methods, in particular, psychodiagnostic techniques: the World Assumptions Scale (R. Janoff-Bulman; adapted by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova), the Level of Subjective Control method (E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind), the Life Orientation Test (M.F. Scheier, C.S. Carpenter, adapted by D.A. Tsiring, K.Y. Evnina), the S. Maddi test of resilience, adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova, the SF-36 “Quality of Life Assessment” questionnaire (the translation into Russian and the approbation of the methodology was carried out by the Institute of Clinical and Pharmacological Research, St. Petersburg). The study found that men who do not seek medical help in a timely manner experience intense pain that interferes with their daily activity, they are also internalized in the field of industrial relations, showing more personal responsibility for successes and failures in the professional sphere. Also, men with prostate cancer who seek help in the late stages of the disease are close to a pessimistic expectation of the future.
{"title":"Psychological Predictors of Untimely Visit of Prostate Cancer Patients for Oncological Treatment","authors":"D. Tsiring, A. Vazhenin, I. Ponomareva, Y. N. Pakhomova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120402","url":null,"abstract":"Among oncological diseases, prostate cancer ranks third after lung and stomach cancer. A timely (early) application of patients for medical help, early diagnosis and early treatment are the factors of a favourable course and survival rate. The purpose of the study is to identify a set of psychological predictors associated with untimely primary care-seeking in men with prostate cancer. 81 men diagnosed with prostate cancer took part in the study, aged from 53 to 85 years old (mean age — 64.4, standard deviation — 8.8), 42 men at early stages of the disease (I, II), 39 men at late stages (III, IV), who first sought professional medical help in the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Centre of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia. Seeking medical help at the early stages of the disease (I, II stages) is timely, or an early application, while treatment at later stages (III, IV) is late treatment. The study used survey methods, in particular, psychodiagnostic techniques: the World Assumptions Scale (R. Janoff-Bulman; adapted by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova), the Level of Subjective Control method (E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind), the Life Orientation Test (M.F. Scheier, C.S. Carpenter, adapted by D.A. Tsiring, K.Y. Evnina), the S. Maddi test of resilience, adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova, the SF-36 “Quality of Life Assessment” questionnaire (the translation into Russian and the approbation of the methodology was carried out by the Institute of Clinical and Pharmacological Research, St. Petersburg). The study found that men who do not seek medical help in a timely manner experience intense pain that interferes with their daily activity, they are also internalized in the field of industrial relations, showing more personal responsibility for successes and failures in the professional sphere. Also, men with prostate cancer who seek help in the late stages of the disease are close to a pessimistic expectation of the future.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"235 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139841837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120403
A. Nasledov, L. Tkacheva, O. Zashchirinskaia, S. Miroshnikov
The work is devoted to the empirical analysis of age shifts within the framework of the factor model of autism for preschool children. In the 2020–2022 studies, we obtained a factor model of autism and identified 4 vectors of autism — typical subtypes of ASD in 3–4 years old children. Among them are: 1) difficulties in establishing emotional contact, expressing one's emotions and decoding other people's emotions in the context of social interaction; 2) sensory disintegration; 3) impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication and social skills; 4) hyperactivity, including excessive movements, motor disinhibition and restless behavior. It should be emphasized that the first three vectors correspond to the core symptoms of ASD in accordance with the DSM-5. While the hyperactivity factor goes beyond the main symptoms of ASD. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the severity and stability of symptoms was carried out within the framework of a 4-factor model of autism for 3–4 and 5–6-year-old children with autism. Sensory and communication impairments have been found to decrease with age, however, emotional impairments and hyperactivity remain at a high level. The theoretical foundations of emotional disorders and hyperactivity in children with ASD are analyzed in detail. Brief practical recommendations are presented for effective early intervention in order to improve the potential trajectory of development of preschool children with ASD.
{"title":"Analysis of a Four-Factor Model of Autism Symptoms in Children Aged 3–6 Years Old","authors":"A. Nasledov, L. Tkacheva, O. Zashchirinskaia, S. Miroshnikov","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120403","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to the empirical analysis of age shifts within the framework of the factor model of autism for preschool children. In the 2020–2022 studies, we obtained a factor model of autism and identified 4 vectors of autism — typical subtypes of ASD in 3–4 years old children. Among them are: 1) difficulties in establishing emotional contact, expressing one's emotions and decoding other people's emotions in the context of social interaction; 2) sensory disintegration; 3) impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication and social skills; 4) hyperactivity, including excessive movements, motor disinhibition and restless behavior. It should be emphasized that the first three vectors correspond to the core symptoms of ASD in accordance with the DSM-5. While the hyperactivity factor goes beyond the main symptoms of ASD. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the severity and stability of symptoms was carried out within the framework of a 4-factor model of autism for 3–4 and 5–6-year-old children with autism. Sensory and communication impairments have been found to decrease with age, however, emotional impairments and hyperactivity remain at a high level. The theoretical foundations of emotional disorders and hyperactivity in children with ASD are analyzed in detail. Brief practical recommendations are presented for effective early intervention in order to improve the potential trajectory of development of preschool children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139779758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120405
S. Aydın Karaca, S. Kılınc
The purpose of this paper was to develop a parent rating scale targeted at screening children in terms of giftedness. 292 parents of gifted and typical students participated in the study. Of the parents, 170 were female while 122 were male. In the study, parents were asked to indicate the prominent characteristics of their gifted children and 10 items were identified after the characteristics were examined by two experts. It was seen to that the items determined were compatible with the items in the parent rating scales in the literature. Content, construct and criterion-related validities were examined while the Cronbach alpha value as a sign of reliability was also examined. Content validity was approved by two experts, Kendall’s coefficient of concordance was calculated to determine inter-expert agreement and found to be 0.80. Confirmatory factor analysis results also supported a one-factor solution for an 8-item instrument. A comparison of scores given by parents of gifted and typical students also revealed a significant difference between two groups of the parents in favor of the parents having gifted children. The Cronbach’s alpha value was found to be 0.78, an acceptable value for internal consistency. Therefore, the Short-Form Parent Rating Scale (SFPRS) may be used to screen practically gifted children by the parents without using boring and long instruments. In addition, not checking convergent and divergent validity, test-retest reliability and measurement invariance are seen as the limitations of this paper.
{"title":"Development of the Short-Form Parent Rating Scale (SFPRS) for Screening Gifted Children","authors":"S. Aydın Karaca, S. Kılınc","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120405","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper was to develop a parent rating scale targeted at screening children in terms of giftedness. 292 parents of gifted and typical students participated in the study. Of the parents, 170 were female while 122 were male. In the study, parents were asked to indicate the prominent characteristics of their gifted children and 10 items were identified after the characteristics were examined by two experts. It was seen to that the items determined were compatible with the items in the parent rating scales in the literature. Content, construct and criterion-related validities were examined while the Cronbach alpha value as a sign of reliability was also examined. Content validity was approved by two experts, Kendall’s coefficient of concordance was calculated to determine inter-expert agreement and found to be 0.80. Confirmatory factor analysis results also supported a one-factor solution for an 8-item instrument. A comparison of scores given by parents of gifted and typical students also revealed a significant difference between two groups of the parents in favor of the parents having gifted children. The Cronbach’s alpha value was found to be 0.78, an acceptable value for internal consistency. Therefore, the Short-Form Parent Rating Scale (SFPRS) may be used to screen practically gifted children by the parents without using boring and long instruments. In addition, not checking convergent and divergent validity, test-retest reliability and measurement invariance are seen as the limitations of this paper.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"91 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139781275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120402
D. Tsiring, A. Vazhenin, I. Ponomareva, Y. N. Pakhomova
Among oncological diseases, prostate cancer ranks third after lung and stomach cancer. A timely (early) application of patients for medical help, early diagnosis and early treatment are the factors of a favourable course and survival rate. The purpose of the study is to identify a set of psychological predictors associated with untimely primary care-seeking in men with prostate cancer. 81 men diagnosed with prostate cancer took part in the study, aged from 53 to 85 years old (mean age — 64.4, standard deviation — 8.8), 42 men at early stages of the disease (I, II), 39 men at late stages (III, IV), who first sought professional medical help in the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Centre of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia. Seeking medical help at the early stages of the disease (I, II stages) is timely, or an early application, while treatment at later stages (III, IV) is late treatment. The study used survey methods, in particular, psychodiagnostic techniques: the World Assumptions Scale (R. Janoff-Bulman; adapted by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova), the Level of Subjective Control method (E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind), the Life Orientation Test (M.F. Scheier, C.S. Carpenter, adapted by D.A. Tsiring, K.Y. Evnina), the S. Maddi test of resilience, adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova, the SF-36 “Quality of Life Assessment” questionnaire (the translation into Russian and the approbation of the methodology was carried out by the Institute of Clinical and Pharmacological Research, St. Petersburg). The study found that men who do not seek medical help in a timely manner experience intense pain that interferes with their daily activity, they are also internalized in the field of industrial relations, showing more personal responsibility for successes and failures in the professional sphere. Also, men with prostate cancer who seek help in the late stages of the disease are close to a pessimistic expectation of the future.
{"title":"Psychological Predictors of Untimely Visit of Prostate Cancer Patients for Oncological Treatment","authors":"D. Tsiring, A. Vazhenin, I. Ponomareva, Y. N. Pakhomova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120402","url":null,"abstract":"Among oncological diseases, prostate cancer ranks third after lung and stomach cancer. A timely (early) application of patients for medical help, early diagnosis and early treatment are the factors of a favourable course and survival rate. The purpose of the study is to identify a set of psychological predictors associated with untimely primary care-seeking in men with prostate cancer. 81 men diagnosed with prostate cancer took part in the study, aged from 53 to 85 years old (mean age — 64.4, standard deviation — 8.8), 42 men at early stages of the disease (I, II), 39 men at late stages (III, IV), who first sought professional medical help in the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Centre of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia. Seeking medical help at the early stages of the disease (I, II stages) is timely, or an early application, while treatment at later stages (III, IV) is late treatment. The study used survey methods, in particular, psychodiagnostic techniques: the World Assumptions Scale (R. Janoff-Bulman; adapted by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova), the Level of Subjective Control method (E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind), the Life Orientation Test (M.F. Scheier, C.S. Carpenter, adapted by D.A. Tsiring, K.Y. Evnina), the S. Maddi test of resilience, adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova, the SF-36 “Quality of Life Assessment” questionnaire (the translation into Russian and the approbation of the methodology was carried out by the Institute of Clinical and Pharmacological Research, St. Petersburg). The study found that men who do not seek medical help in a timely manner experience intense pain that interferes with their daily activity, they are also internalized in the field of industrial relations, showing more personal responsibility for successes and failures in the professional sphere. Also, men with prostate cancer who seek help in the late stages of the disease are close to a pessimistic expectation of the future.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139782063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120203
E. Erol, M. Aytaç
The study was aimed at investigation of the relationship between ontological well-being sub-factors with depression and anxiety levels of fathers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. The data in this cross-sectional study was collected via online self-reporting questionnaires from randomly selected fathers (N = 379) whose children’s ages ranged from 6 to 12. The data collection took place between the months of March and May of 2020. Participants completed measures of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Ontological Well-Being Scale (OWBS). The results showed that full mediating effect of depression in the relationship between ontological well-being and anxiety. Findings indicated that the perceived attitude to their paternity had the statistically significant effect on the level of depression and anxiety of the fathers. The study shows that there is direct relevance between anxiety, depression and socio-demographic variables, meanwhile the study also suggests that the socio-demographic variables of fathers and the subscales of activation and hope do not correlate.
{"title":"The Reflection of the Relation Between Ontological Well-Being and Depression on Paternity During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"E. Erol, M. Aytaç","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120203","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed at investigation of the relationship between ontological well-being sub-factors with depression and anxiety levels of fathers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. The data in this cross-sectional study was collected via online self-reporting questionnaires from randomly selected fathers (N = 379) whose children’s ages ranged from 6 to 12. The data collection took place between the months of March and May of 2020. Participants completed measures of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Ontological Well-Being Scale (OWBS). The results showed that full mediating effect of depression in the relationship between ontological well-being and anxiety. Findings indicated that the perceived attitude to their paternity had the statistically significant effect on the level of depression and anxiety of the fathers. The study shows that there is direct relevance between anxiety, depression and socio-demographic variables, meanwhile the study also suggests that the socio-demographic variables of fathers and the subscales of activation and hope do not correlate.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139358967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120204
V. Yakupova, M.A. Anikeeva, A. Suarez
Postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD) is quite common, with long-term adverse impact on mothers and their children. According to various studies, 3% to 45.5% of women perceive their childbirth experience as traumatic, and 3.1% to 43% further develop postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder. PP-PTSD is a relatively new field of study, therefore, there is a need in systematization of the data published on this topic so far. This is a review of studies on risk factors for PP-PTSD, including past traumatic experience, and its negative impact on mother’s mental health and child’s development. Since the society and specialists aim to reduce the prevalence of the disorder, our article also summarizes data on protective factors for PP-PTSD. For example, adequate interaction between laboring women and medical personnel, non-medical labour support, and psychological counseling after traumatic childbirth can significantly reduce the risk for developing PP-PTSD.
{"title":"Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review","authors":"V. Yakupova, M.A. Anikeeva, A. Suarez","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120204","url":null,"abstract":"Postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD) is quite common, with long-term adverse impact on mothers and their children. According to various studies, 3% to 45.5% of women perceive their childbirth experience as traumatic, and 3.1% to 43% further develop postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder. PP-PTSD is a relatively new field of study, therefore, there is a need in systematization of the data published on this topic so far. This is a review of studies on risk factors for PP-PTSD, including past traumatic experience, and its negative impact on mother’s mental health and child’s development. Since the society and specialists aim to reduce the prevalence of the disorder, our article also summarizes data on protective factors for PP-PTSD. For example, adequate interaction between laboring women and medical personnel, non-medical labour support, and psychological counseling after traumatic childbirth can significantly reduce the risk for developing PP-PTSD.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120210
S. Olcay, D. Saral
Impairments in social skills are one of the core characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Impairments in social skills in this group of individuals may not naturally decrease or disappear over time. Rather, they become more pronounced unless appropriate interventions to promote social competence are delivered to these individuals. In this study, researchers examined the effects of remote professional development training through behavioral skills training and coaching on teachers’ (psychologists') use of Power Card method using a one-group pre- and post-test design. Moreover, the effects of Power Card method on teaching social skills – saying “Thank you.” (e.g., thanking upon accessing the requested item) – to their students with autism spectrum disorder were investigated using a multiple probe design across participants. Three psychologists working as a special education teacher and their students with autism spectrum disorder from a special education school participated in the study. The researchers evaluated teachers’ performance on script and Power Card development and implementation using checklists (e.g., Steps for Developing Scripts and Power Cards). They performed visual analysis to evaluate students’ performance. Remote behavioral skills training and coaching were effective in the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of teachers’ use of Power Card procedure, and the Power Card procedure was effective in teaching social skills to students with autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, the students maintained the target skills 2 and 4 weeks after the intervention and generalized them across different conditions. Teachers had positive opinions regarding (a) feasibility of the Power Cards, (b) acceptability of remote behavioral skills training and coaching, and (c) social significance of the target skills for the students. Limitations (e.g., narrow focus on social skills and collection of social validity data through participant judgement) and implications for future research are discussed.
{"title":"Remote Professional Development of Teachers to Implement Power Cards to Teach Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"S. Olcay, D. Saral","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120210","url":null,"abstract":"Impairments in social skills are one of the core characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Impairments in social skills in this group of individuals may not naturally decrease or disappear over time. Rather, they become more pronounced unless appropriate interventions to promote social competence are delivered to these individuals. In this study, researchers examined the effects of remote professional development training through behavioral skills training and coaching on teachers’ (psychologists') use of Power Card method using a one-group pre- and post-test design. Moreover, the effects of Power Card method on teaching social skills – saying “Thank you.” (e.g., thanking upon accessing the requested item) – to their students with autism spectrum disorder were investigated using a multiple probe design across participants. Three psychologists working as a special education teacher and their students with autism spectrum disorder from a special education school participated in the study. The researchers evaluated teachers’ performance on script and Power Card development and implementation using checklists (e.g., Steps for Developing Scripts and Power Cards). They performed visual analysis to evaluate students’ performance. Remote behavioral skills training and coaching were effective in the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of teachers’ use of Power Card procedure, and the Power Card procedure was effective in teaching social skills to students with autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, the students maintained the target skills 2 and 4 weeks after the intervention and generalized them across different conditions. Teachers had positive opinions regarding (a) feasibility of the Power Cards, (b) acceptability of remote behavioral skills training and coaching, and (c) social significance of the target skills for the students. Limitations (e.g., narrow focus on social skills and collection of social validity data through participant judgement) and implications for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to examine the features of body image perception in adolescents with self-harming, suicidal and normative behavior in terms of satisfaction with their own bodies. A theoretical review of the phenomena of suicidal and self-harming behavior and current studies of body image in non-clinical and clinical samples was conducted. The description and results of the first part of the empirical study of body image, devoted to the study of satisfaction with one's own body, are presented. The study was conducted on three groups of adolescents: those with suicidal behavior (n=30, Mage=15.10, SDage=0.97, 26.7% of males), self-injurious behavior (n=27, Mage=15.48, SDage=1.10, 11.1% of males) and normative behavior (control group: n=30, Mage=15.40, SDage=0.96, 50% of males). The first group was distinguished on the basis of anamnestic data (suicide attempts in the last year or current hospitalization due to high suicide risk), the second group was distinguished on the basis of the Self-Harming Behavior Reason Scale (N.A. Polskaya, 2017): repeated cuts, punctures, and/or self-burns in the last year. The following methods were used: Self-Harming Behavior Reason Scale (N.A. Polskaya, 2017), Body Focus Questionnaire (Fisher, 1970), adapted by E.T. Sokolova (1985) and a questionnaire to collect socio-demographic data (gender, age, presence of psychiatric diagnoses, suicide attempts). The results suggest that self-harm is determined by an adolescent's need to reduce psychoemotional tension and gain control over emotions, and these determinants are stronger in the main groups than in the control groups, but no differences were found between the main groups. Satisfaction with one's own body is lower in the main groups compared to controls, but no differences were found between the main groups.
{"title":"Body Image in Adolescents with Suicidal and Non-Suicidal Self-Harm Behavior: Satisfaction with Their Own Bodies","authors":"S.Yu. Kuznetsova, A.Ya. Basova, S.L. Zalmanova, K.D. Khlomov","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120207","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to examine the features of body image perception in adolescents with self-harming, suicidal and normative behavior in terms of satisfaction with their own bodies. A theoretical review of the phenomena of suicidal and self-harming behavior and current studies of body image in non-clinical and clinical samples was conducted. The description and results of the first part of the empirical study of body image, devoted to the study of satisfaction with one's own body, are presented. The study was conducted on three groups of adolescents: those with suicidal behavior (n=30, Mage=15.10, SDage=0.97, 26.7% of males), self-injurious behavior (n=27, Mage=15.48, SDage=1.10, 11.1% of males) and normative behavior (control group: n=30, Mage=15.40, SDage=0.96, 50% of males). The first group was distinguished on the basis of anamnestic data (suicide attempts in the last year or current hospitalization due to high suicide risk), the second group was distinguished on the basis of the Self-Harming Behavior Reason Scale (N.A. Polskaya, 2017): repeated cuts, punctures, and/or self-burns in the last year. The following methods were used: Self-Harming Behavior Reason Scale (N.A. Polskaya, 2017), Body Focus Questionnaire (Fisher, 1970), adapted by E.T. Sokolova (1985) and a questionnaire to collect socio-demographic data (gender, age, presence of psychiatric diagnoses, suicide attempts). The results suggest that self-harm is determined by an adolescent's need to reduce psychoemotional tension and gain control over emotions, and these determinants are stronger in the main groups than in the control groups, but no differences were found between the main groups. Satisfaction with one's own body is lower in the main groups compared to controls, but no differences were found between the main groups.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120208
E. Kuftyak, A. Bekhter, O.A. Philatova, N.M. Gazzaeva, E.G. Siukaeva
This work is aimed at identifying predictors of proactive coping as well as direct and indirect effects of reactive coping strategies and dispositional optimism on proactive coping. The data of empirical research of two samples, Russian and South Ossetian, is presented. The sample from Russia consisted of 97 students (75 women and 22 men) between the ages of 19 and 25 (Mage=20.31 years, SDage=1.80 years), and the sample from South Ossetia consisted of 103 students from Ossetia (57 women and 46 men) between the ages of 19 and 25 (Mage=21.60 years, SDage=1.81 years). Among the Russian respondents 97% identified themselves as Russians, among the Ossetian respondents 100% identified themselves as Ossetians. The study was conducted using the Life Orientation Test, the Coping Ways Questionnaire and the Proactive Coping Questionnaire. Analysis of the results suggests that fantasizing and relying on outside forces contribute negatively to Russian youth's proactive coping, while both seeking help from their social environment and confrontation contribute positively. Mediation analysis showed that confrontation weakens the relationship between fantasizing and proactive coping. For South Ossetian youth, gender and confrontation were significant predictors of proactive coping; in mediation analysis, confrontation suppressed self-blaming but increases the appeal for help to the social environment in the implementation of proactive coping. Ossetian young women, compared to Ossetian men, are less prone to confrontation and, consequently, do not build proactive coping around it. Thus, in terms of proactive overcoming, confrontation weakens the effect of fantasy and hopes for external forces among Russian youth, and self-blame among Ossetia youth.
{"title":"Predictors of Proactive Coping in Early Adulthood: A Cross-Cultural Study","authors":"E. Kuftyak, A. Bekhter, O.A. Philatova, N.M. Gazzaeva, E.G. Siukaeva","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120208","url":null,"abstract":"This work is aimed at identifying predictors of proactive coping as well as direct and indirect effects of reactive coping strategies and dispositional optimism on proactive coping. The data of empirical research of two samples, Russian and South Ossetian, is presented. The sample from Russia consisted of 97 students (75 women and 22 men) between the ages of 19 and 25 (Mage=20.31 years, SDage=1.80 years), and the sample from South Ossetia consisted of 103 students from Ossetia (57 women and 46 men) between the ages of 19 and 25 (Mage=21.60 years, SDage=1.81 years). Among the Russian respondents 97% identified themselves as Russians, among the Ossetian respondents 100% identified themselves as Ossetians. The study was conducted using the Life Orientation Test, the Coping Ways Questionnaire and the Proactive Coping Questionnaire. Analysis of the results suggests that fantasizing and relying on outside forces contribute negatively to Russian youth's proactive coping, while both seeking help from their social environment and confrontation contribute positively. Mediation analysis showed that confrontation weakens the relationship between fantasizing and proactive coping. For South Ossetian youth, gender and confrontation were significant predictors of proactive coping; in mediation analysis, confrontation suppressed self-blaming but increases the appeal for help to the social environment in the implementation of proactive coping. Ossetian young women, compared to Ossetian men, are less prone to confrontation and, consequently, do not build proactive coping around it. Thus, in terms of proactive overcoming, confrontation weakens the effect of fantasy and hopes for external forces among Russian youth, and self-blame among Ossetia youth.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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