Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120202
O. Sagalakova, D. V. Truevtsev, O. Zhirnova, A. Tinekov
Contemporary representations of auditory hallucinations have intensified the assessment of voices as meaningful representations of the stress of interpersonal traumatic experiences. The aim of the study was to verify the relationship between social anxiety, voices, shame, and metacognitive strategies and to examine the features of attention distortion and cognitive activity in a conflict task using social-emotional stimuli and feedback in social anxiety. The total sample consisted of 122 individuals (32 males and 90 females; Mage=26.11, SDage=8.60). The clinical group consisted of 49 persons with subpsychotic (n=28; 7 men and 21 women, Mage=24.54, SDage=5.59) and psychotic symptoms (n=21, 12 men and 9 women, Mage=28.64, SDage=11.14). The nonclinical group consisted of 73 subjects (13 men and 60 women, Mage=25.58, SDage=8.51). In both groups, subjects reliably reported thinking objectification, dissociative phenomena, and voices. A subgroup (n=31, 10 men and 21 women, Mage=19.87, SDage=1.22) was selected to participate in the experiment, divided by the level of social anxiety: high (n=16, 4 men and 12 women, Mage=19.96, SDage=1.14) and low (n=15, 6 men and 9 women, Mage=19.34, SDage=1.05). The following techniques were used: Russian-language versions of the Thought Suppression and Rumination Scale (adapted by Dorosheva, Knyazev, 2017); the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (adapted by Grigorieva, Enikolopov, 2016); author's Psychotic Experiences Questionnaire (2023), Social Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (2016) and Self-Focused Attention Questionnaire (2016). After the diagnosis of psychological parameters, an eye-tracking experiment was conducted using a modified flanking Ericksen task. It was found that thought suppression (F(1;120)=11.11; p=0.001), rumination (F(1;120)=7.43; p=0.01), self-focused attention (F(1;120)=3.85; p=0.05), social anxiety (F(1;120)=7.30; p=0.01), and shame (F(1;120)=21.62; p<0.001) than in the absence of such experiences. We obtained a two-factor solution (each factor explains 30% of the variance) reflecting metacognitive pathways of voice formation: 1) self-focus supports social anxiety, shame, a tendency to suppress thoughts, and the emergence of voices; 2) pronounced thought suppression and rumination associated with shame increase the likelihood of voices, with the detectability of social anxiety attenuated. Significant differences (p<0.001) were found between the high and low social anxiety groups in the parameters of eye-movement and behavioral activity in the eye-tracking experiment (e.g., total test passage time, total number of fixations, response time after a mistaken decision, number of fixations of the off-target stimulus — the central face — and the target stimulus). The conclusion is that further research is needed to clarify the direction of the relationship between psychological parameters and voice experience.
{"title":"The Effects of Social Anxiety and Shame in Voice Development: Metacognitive Processing of Adverse Relationship Experiences and Vigilance Toward Social Threats","authors":"O. Sagalakova, D. V. Truevtsev, O. Zhirnova, A. Tinekov","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120202","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary representations of auditory hallucinations have intensified the assessment of voices as meaningful representations of the stress of interpersonal traumatic experiences. The aim of the study was to verify the relationship between social anxiety, voices, shame, and metacognitive strategies and to examine the features of attention distortion and cognitive activity in a conflict task using social-emotional stimuli and feedback in social anxiety. The total sample consisted of 122 individuals (32 males and 90 females; Mage=26.11, SDage=8.60). The clinical group consisted of 49 persons with subpsychotic (n=28; 7 men and 21 women, Mage=24.54, SDage=5.59) and psychotic symptoms (n=21, 12 men and 9 women, Mage=28.64, SDage=11.14). The nonclinical group consisted of 73 subjects (13 men and 60 women, Mage=25.58, SDage=8.51). In both groups, subjects reliably reported thinking objectification, dissociative phenomena, and voices. A subgroup (n=31, 10 men and 21 women, Mage=19.87, SDage=1.22) was selected to participate in the experiment, divided by the level of social anxiety: high (n=16, 4 men and 12 women, Mage=19.96, SDage=1.14) and low (n=15, 6 men and 9 women, Mage=19.34, SDage=1.05). The following techniques were used: Russian-language versions of the Thought Suppression and Rumination Scale (adapted by Dorosheva, Knyazev, 2017); the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (adapted by Grigorieva, Enikolopov, 2016); author's Psychotic Experiences Questionnaire (2023), Social Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (2016) and Self-Focused Attention Questionnaire (2016). After the diagnosis of psychological parameters, an eye-tracking experiment was conducted using a modified flanking Ericksen task. It was found that thought suppression (F(1;120)=11.11; p=0.001), rumination (F(1;120)=7.43; p=0.01), self-focused attention (F(1;120)=3.85; p=0.05), social anxiety (F(1;120)=7.30; p=0.01), and shame (F(1;120)=21.62; p<0.001) than in the absence of such experiences. We obtained a two-factor solution (each factor explains 30% of the variance) reflecting metacognitive pathways of voice formation: 1) self-focus supports social anxiety, shame, a tendency to suppress thoughts, and the emergence of voices; 2) pronounced thought suppression and rumination associated with shame increase the likelihood of voices, with the detectability of social anxiety attenuated. Significant differences (p<0.001) were found between the high and low social anxiety groups in the parameters of eye-movement and behavioral activity in the eye-tracking experiment (e.g., total test passage time, total number of fixations, response time after a mistaken decision, number of fixations of the off-target stimulus — the central face — and the target stimulus). The conclusion is that further research is needed to clarify the direction of the relationship between psychological parameters and voice experience.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120209
E. Samsonova, Y. Bystrova, V.V. Manuilova
The paper presents the results of the monitoring study of inclusive educational environment in vocational educational institutions of secondary vocational education based on the developed monitoring program, which involved 10 pilot regions of the Russian Federation. The authors identified the components of inclusive educational environment: organizational and managerial, subject-spatial, programmatic and methodological, informational and social. The study involved three categories of respondents from 94 professional educational organizations: representatives of administration (n=94), teaching staff (n=2332) and students (n=19264), including students with disabilities (n=1208). The method of questioning was used, which was provided by AIS "Monitoring of the inclusive educational environment"; an index analysis of inclusiveness of the educational environment at the regional level and at the level of individual professional educational organizations was carried out. Monitoring allowed to identify resources and deficits in relation to the requirements for inclusive educational environment in professional educational organizations, including not only special educational conditions created for students with disabilities, but also providing opportunities for quality education for all students, taking into account a variety of special educational needs and individual opportunities. The results of the study highlighted a significant contradiction between the high satisfaction of all groups of respondents with the conditions of the educational environment and low values for many indicators within the components of the inclusive educational environment, which may indicate a discrepancy between assessments of objective indicators and subjective perception of the conditions of the educational environment. Another contradiction is the high level of satisfaction and low level of involvement of both teachers and students in those types of activities which provide opportunities for self-actualization in colleges and technical schools, due to which the inclusive nature of the educational environment according to the hypothesis of our study appears. This observation requires further study.
{"title":"The Current State of The Inclusive Educational Environment in Vocational Educational Institutions of Secondary Vocational Education: a Pilot Study","authors":"E. Samsonova, Y. Bystrova, V.V. Manuilova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120209","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of the monitoring study of inclusive educational environment in vocational educational institutions of secondary vocational education based on the developed monitoring program, which involved 10 pilot regions of the Russian Federation. The authors identified the components of inclusive educational environment: organizational and managerial, subject-spatial, programmatic and methodological, informational and social. The study involved three categories of respondents from 94 professional educational organizations: representatives of administration (n=94), teaching staff (n=2332) and students (n=19264), including students with disabilities (n=1208). The method of questioning was used, which was provided by AIS \"Monitoring of the inclusive educational environment\"; an index analysis of inclusiveness of the educational environment at the regional level and at the level of individual professional educational organizations was carried out. Monitoring allowed to identify resources and deficits in relation to the requirements for inclusive educational environment in professional educational organizations, including not only special educational conditions created for students with disabilities, but also providing opportunities for quality education for all students, taking into account a variety of special educational needs and individual opportunities. The results of the study highlighted a significant contradiction between the high satisfaction of all groups of respondents with the conditions of the educational environment and low values for many indicators within the components of the inclusive educational environment, which may indicate a discrepancy between assessments of objective indicators and subjective perception of the conditions of the educational environment. Another contradiction is the high level of satisfaction and low level of involvement of both teachers and students in those types of activities which provide opportunities for self-actualization in colleges and technical schools, due to which the inclusive nature of the educational environment according to the hypothesis of our study appears. This observation requires further study.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120201
A. Kukshina, A. V. Kotelnikova, M. Rassulova, V.S. Dajlidovich
The aim of the study is to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) on a sample of patients with impaired motor functions. HADS was used to examine the current psychoemotional state of 73 women and 27 men aged 62.1±13.7 years who were in the hospital for inpatient rehabilitation for motor function disorders arising from a stroke (n=50) or developing against the background of chronic musculoskeletal disorders (n=50). Independent of the psychologist, a psychiatrist examined the same patients, filling out Hamilton Anxiety and Depression scales. A comparison of the findings led to the conclusion of overdiagnosis with the HADS subscales. At the same time, it is shown that the questionnaire items have satisfactory indices of discriminativeness and internal reliability. The combination of low content and convergent validity of some items of the questionnaire allowed modifying subscales, reducing the number of items without prejudice to psychometric characteristics. By comparing the data obtained with an objective external criterion for the Anxiety (HADS-A) and Depression (HADS-D) subscales, new cutoffs (9 points) were determined for diagnosing the presence or absence of anxiety and depression, which allows to use this version of the test more effectively for screening the current psychoemotional state in patients with impaired motor functions who enter the second stage of medical rehabilitation.
{"title":"Investigation of the Psychometric Properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Recommended for General Medical Practitioners, on a Sample of Patients with Impaired Motor Functions","authors":"A. Kukshina, A. V. Kotelnikova, M. Rassulova, V.S. Dajlidovich","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120201","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) on a sample of patients with impaired motor functions. HADS was used to examine the current psychoemotional state of 73 women and 27 men aged 62.1±13.7 years who were in the hospital for inpatient rehabilitation for motor function disorders arising from a stroke (n=50) or developing against the background of chronic musculoskeletal disorders (n=50). Independent of the psychologist, a psychiatrist examined the same patients, filling out Hamilton Anxiety and Depression scales. A comparison of the findings led to the conclusion of overdiagnosis with the HADS subscales. At the same time, it is shown that the questionnaire items have satisfactory indices of discriminativeness and internal reliability. The combination of low content and convergent validity of some items of the questionnaire allowed modifying subscales, reducing the number of items without prejudice to psychometric characteristics. By comparing the data obtained with an objective external criterion for the Anxiety (HADS-A) and Depression (HADS-D) subscales, new cutoffs (9 points) were determined for diagnosing the presence or absence of anxiety and depression, which allows to use this version of the test more effectively for screening the current psychoemotional state in patients with impaired motor functions who enter the second stage of medical rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120211
M.V. Zvereva, S. Strogova, A.I. Hromov
On March 23-24, 2023, the jubilee conference "Third Polyakov Readings" was held, which has already become a tradition. This article describes the main events and achievements of the conference, evaluates the dynamics of the conference on the basis of general data on the number of participants and conducted events. An attempt is made to highlight the prospects of further development of the conference.
{"title":"Polyakov's Readings: Keeping Traditions and Attracting Innovations","authors":"M.V. Zvereva, S. Strogova, A.I. Hromov","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120211","url":null,"abstract":"On March 23-24, 2023, the jubilee conference \"Third Polyakov Readings\" was held, which has already become a tradition. This article describes the main events and achievements of the conference, evaluates the dynamics of the conference on the basis of general data on the number of participants and conducted events. An attempt is made to highlight the prospects of further development of the conference.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120206
Российская Федерация
Prevention and vaccination against COVID-19 are not unanimously accepted in international practice. The effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign depends on both population and medical staff attitudes towards immunoprophylaxis. We carried out an empirical study of nurses' opinions about the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Russia and compared the results with those obtained from surveys of Russian controls. The level of vaccination coverage in the population in mid-January 2022 was assessed by surveying nurses living in different regions of Russia and directly involved in the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. We also measured nurses’ attitudes to some aspects of vaccination. 376 nurses took part in the online survey. For comparison, we used data from a sample of Russians we surveyed (N=1214). According to the nurses, on average just over 40% of Russians are vaccinated against COVID-19 (compared to the 53% officially). This subjective estimate is half the mass immunity goal (80%). In addition, the nurses living in the different regions of Russia are significantly more confident in expressing a position on mandatory mass vaccination than were the participants in an earlier sample survey of the entire Russian population. More nurses than in the quota sample of Russians believe in conspiracy theories about the coronavirus having arisen artificially to regulate the number of the poor. Most of the nurses surveyed believe that COVID-19 will never go away and that the media will support the epidemiological panic as it benefits the authorities and pharmaceutical companies.
{"title":"What Do Nurses Think About the Immunization Campaign in Russia and the Prospects for the COVID-19 Pandemic Development?","authors":"Российская Федерация","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120206","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention and vaccination against COVID-19 are not unanimously accepted in international practice. The effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign depends on both population and medical staff attitudes towards immunoprophylaxis. We carried out an empirical study of nurses' opinions about the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Russia and compared the results with those obtained from surveys of Russian controls. The level of vaccination coverage in the population in mid-January 2022 was assessed by surveying nurses living in different regions of Russia and directly involved in the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. We also measured nurses’ attitudes to some aspects of vaccination. 376 nurses took part in the online survey. For comparison, we used data from a sample of Russians we surveyed (N=1214). According to the nurses, on average just over 40% of Russians are vaccinated against COVID-19 (compared to the 53% officially). This subjective estimate is half the mass immunity goal (80%). In addition, the nurses living in the different regions of Russia are significantly more confident in expressing a position on mandatory mass vaccination than were the participants in an earlier sample survey of the entire Russian population. More nurses than in the quota sample of Russians believe in conspiracy theories about the coronavirus having arisen artificially to regulate the number of the poor. Most of the nurses surveyed believe that COVID-19 will never go away and that the media will support the epidemiological panic as it benefits the authorities and pharmaceutical companies.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120205
S. Govorov, E.M. Ivanova
The present article provides an analysis of suicide humor as a specific form of dark humor and its relation to suicide behavior. It is suggested that such humor and suicide taboo, as well as communicative taboo on the topic of suicide, are interrelated. The complexity and inconsistency of society’s attitude towards suicide and acts of self-sacrifice are analyzed. Presumably suicide humor represents a rather complex multidimensional phenomenon of communication, which functions as a tool for reflection on suicide taboo. It is suggested that suicide jokes can influence suicide behavior either by strengthening or weakening suicide motivation. Various mechanisms that may underlie the adaptive nature of such humor are considered through its relationship with the psychological factors of suicide risk. The article provides a hypothesis on how such humor can be used as a tool for suicide risk’s clinical diagnosis; it also discusses the reasons for suicide jokes’ popularity among adolescents.
{"title":"Phenomenology and Functions of Suicide Humor: A Theoretical Review","authors":"S. Govorov, E.M. Ivanova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2023120205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120205","url":null,"abstract":"The present article provides an analysis of suicide humor as a specific form of dark humor and its relation to suicide behavior. It is suggested that such humor and suicide taboo, as well as communicative taboo on the topic of suicide, are interrelated. The complexity and inconsistency of society’s attitude towards suicide and acts of self-sacrifice are analyzed. Presumably suicide humor represents a rather complex multidimensional phenomenon of communication, which functions as a tool for reflection on suicide taboo. It is suggested that suicide jokes can influence suicide behavior either by strengthening or weakening suicide motivation. Various mechanisms that may underlie the adaptive nature of such humor are considered through its relationship with the psychological factors of suicide risk. The article provides a hypothesis on how such humor can be used as a tool for suicide risk’s clinical diagnosis; it also discusses the reasons for suicide jokes’ popularity among adolescents.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2020090305
J. Boland, C. Henderson
Studies have shown positive associations between levels of physical activity and alcohol use at both between-persons and within-person levels. This relationship has been of interest to researchers developing physical activity-based treatments for alcohol use disorders, which have had mixed results, one reason perhaps being because they have not controlled for individual differences. The current study investigated whether differences in Five-Factor Model personality traits moderated the physical activity-alcohol use relationship in an undergraduate sample (N = 263). Results showed lifestyle physical activity, extraversion, and neuroticism were each predictive of alcohol use, but there were no interaction effects among these variables, indicating that personality traits do not impact the strength of this relationship. Therefore, individuals high in traits of extraversion or neuroticism are not specifically at risk for increased alcohol use when participating in physical activity. If exercise-based interventions for alcohol use disorders are implemented, individuals high in extraversion and neuroticism continue to possess independent risk factors for alcohol use.
{"title":"The Impact of Personality on the Physical Activity and Alcohol Use Relationship","authors":"J. Boland, C. Henderson","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2020090305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2020090305","url":null,"abstract":"Studies have shown positive associations between levels of physical activity and alcohol use at both between-persons and within-person levels. This relationship has been of interest to researchers developing physical activity-based treatments for alcohol use disorders, which have had mixed results, one reason perhaps being because they have not controlled for individual differences. The current study investigated whether differences in Five-Factor Model personality traits moderated the physical activity-alcohol use relationship in an undergraduate sample (N = 263). Results showed lifestyle physical activity, extraversion, and neuroticism were each predictive of alcohol use, but there were no interaction effects among these variables, indicating that personality traits do not impact the strength of this relationship. Therefore, individuals high in traits of extraversion or neuroticism are not specifically at risk for increased alcohol use when participating in physical activity. If exercise-based interventions for alcohol use disorders are implemented, individuals high in extraversion and neuroticism continue to possess independent risk factors for alcohol use.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114097620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses the role of cognitive emotion regulation (ER) as well as of individual alexithymic traits in the emergence of adolescents’ aggressive behavior. Itis assumed that alexithymic traits cause aggression by developing maladaptive ER. 142 adolescents aged 12-17 were examined in order to study this mechanism, suchquestionnaires as Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) were used as research methods. It has been discovered that the use of maladaptive ER strategies is a significant factor in the development of aggressive behavior. It was confirmed that the reduced ability to identify one’s feelings is associated with the risk of developing maladaptive ER strategies, which in its turn enhances aggression. An inclination to catastrophize and ruminate, experiencing stressful events acutely and continuously, as well as showing hostilityare the traits of a teenager’s character which can be considered as predisposing to aggressive behavior. These features of dysfunctional ER can serve as targets in psychotherapeutic work and they should also be paid special attention to while conducting psycho-prophylaxis of aggressive behavior with adolescents.
{"title":"The role of alexithymia and cognitive emotion regulation in the development of aggressive behavior in adolescents","authors":"Paweł Larionow, I. Grechukha","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/yt6fg","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yt6fg","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the role of cognitive emotion regulation (ER) as well as of individual alexithymic traits in the emergence of adolescents’ aggressive behavior. Itis assumed that alexithymic traits cause aggression by developing maladaptive ER. 142 adolescents aged 12-17 were examined in order to study this mechanism, suchquestionnaires as Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) were used as research methods. It has been discovered that the use of maladaptive ER strategies is a significant factor in the development of aggressive behavior. It was confirmed that the reduced ability to identify one’s feelings is associated with the risk of developing maladaptive ER strategies, which in its turn enhances aggression. An inclination to catastrophize and ruminate, experiencing stressful events acutely and continuously, as well as showing hostilityare the traits of a teenager’s character which can be considered as predisposing to aggressive behavior. These features of dysfunctional ER can serve as targets in psychotherapeutic work and they should also be paid special attention to while conducting psycho-prophylaxis of aggressive behavior with adolescents.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125700922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-20DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2019080204
A. Melehin, E. Sergienko
The article shows that in comparison with people aged 55-60 years in the groups of 61-74 and 75-90 years there are symptoms of age-specific socio-cognitive deficits in the recognition of emotions: changes in response time to emotional stimulus in the direction of slowdown; difficulties in fine differentiation of emotions of joy and sadness; the effect of high emotional intensity for a more accurate definition of emotions; cognitive shift in attention and interpretation of socio-emotional information. At a later age, there is a combined cognitive bias in the recognition of emotions in the face. More dominated bya positive shift. Unlike people 75-90 years in groups 55-60 and 61-74 years better recognize emotions of fear and sadness, than 75-90 years. It is more difficult to recognize anger at a later age. The lack of definition of neutral emotional expressions, which is accompanied by the phenomenon of depressive displacement, is described. General and age-specific predictors of recognition and differentiation of emotions in the face at a later age are identified.
{"title":"Specificity of Cognitive Bias in Recognition of Emotions in the Face in Old Age","authors":"A. Melehin, E. Sergienko","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2019080204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2019080204","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows that in comparison with people aged 55-60 years in the groups of 61-74 and 75-90 years there are symptoms of age-specific socio-cognitive deficits in the recognition of emotions: changes in response time to emotional stimulus in the direction of slowdown; difficulties in fine differentiation of emotions of joy and sadness; the effect of high emotional intensity for a more accurate definition of emotions; cognitive shift in attention and interpretation of socio-emotional information. At a later age, there is a combined cognitive bias in the recognition of emotions in the face. More dominated bya positive shift. Unlike people 75-90 years in groups 55-60 and 61-74 years better recognize emotions of fear and sadness, than 75-90 years. It is more difficult to recognize anger at a later age. The lack of definition of neutral emotional expressions, which is accompanied by the phenomenon of depressive displacement, is described. General and age-specific predictors of recognition and differentiation of emotions in the face at a later age are identified.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133411011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2019080203
K. Krivonogova, O. Razumnikova
Specificity of intelligence, attention and memory were studied in students with hearing impairment (26 individuals). This group shown less indicators of verbal intelligence and speed of selection of visually presented information as compared to the normal hearing group (28 individuals). Higher index of figurative and spatial intelligence, comparing to the verbal component of intelligence in the group with hearing impairments indicate the development of compensatory effect in visual functions. The smaller effect of proactive interference with a greater time of executive control in students with hearing impairments compared with the control group indicates a lack of development of the inhibitory functions of the prefrontal cortex.
{"title":"Specificity of the Cognitive Status of Students with Hearing Impairment: Implications for Inclusive Education","authors":"K. Krivonogova, O. Razumnikova","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2019080203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2019080203","url":null,"abstract":"Specificity of intelligence, attention and memory were studied in students with hearing impairment (26 individuals). This group shown less indicators of verbal intelligence and speed of selection of visually presented information as compared to the normal hearing group (28 individuals). Higher index of figurative and spatial intelligence, comparing to the verbal component of intelligence in the group with hearing impairments indicate the development of compensatory effect in visual functions. The smaller effect of proactive interference with a greater time of executive control in students with hearing impairments compared with the control group indicates a lack of development of the inhibitory functions of the prefrontal cortex.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"15 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132242612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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