Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2021100303
N. Kopteva, A. Kalugin, L. Dorfman
Disembodiment of digital media users, known as the loss of their physical bodies in cyberspace is among the least-studied psychological consequences of the use of information technologies. In the digital era such kind of disembodiment might limit the development of a person’s individuality. That’s why in present study we aim to create its theoretical construct. The construct is based on the clinical conception of unembodiment of schizoids by the British psychiatrist R. Laing. There is an evidence to suggest that constant split between self and body, that digital media users demonstrate, creates conditions for disembodiment similar to the one of schizoids. This existential position is associated with feelings of loss of reality, self-substantiality and elusiveness of being. In the same way that the disembodiment of schizoids and inherent to it sense of self and view of the world are determined by their ‘shutupness’ in the inner world, the disembodiment of media users is determined by the extent to which their life is limited to the artificial computer environment. The theoretical construct was measured according to this hypothesis. Three measurements, which unites factors that stand against the disembodiment are presented in the article: Disembodiment as Virtualization, Preference of the Internet and their alternative Vitality of the Embodied Self.
{"title":"Unembodiment on the Internet. Part 1: Theoretical Basis and Construct","authors":"N. Kopteva, A. Kalugin, L. Dorfman","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2021100303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2021100303","url":null,"abstract":"Disembodiment of digital media users, known as the loss of their physical bodies in cyberspace is among the least-studied psychological consequences of the use of information technologies. In the digital era such kind of disembodiment might limit the development of a person’s individuality. That’s why in present study we aim to create its theoretical construct. The construct is based on the clinical conception of unembodiment of schizoids by the British psychiatrist R. Laing. There is an evidence to suggest that constant split between self and body, that digital media users demonstrate, creates conditions for disembodiment similar to the one of schizoids. This existential position is associated with feelings of loss of reality, self-substantiality and elusiveness of being. In the same way that the disembodiment of schizoids and inherent to it sense of self and view of the world are determined by their ‘shutupness’ in the inner world, the disembodiment of media users is determined by the extent to which their life is limited to the artificial computer environment. The theoretical construct was measured according to this hypothesis. Three measurements, which unites factors that stand against the disembodiment are presented in the article: Disembodiment as Virtualization, Preference of the Internet and their alternative Vitality of the Embodied Self.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121118221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2021100207
M. Odintsova, M. Sorokova
The study aims to compare adolescents coping strategies and coping styles depending on their gender and health status. Sample was subdivided into 3 groups: 1) healthy, 2) adolescents with cerebral palsy (congenital disability), 3) adolescents with oncology and rheumatic diseases (acquired disability). The sample size is 244 adolescents from 13 to 18 years old. 86 healthy subjects (37 boys and 24 girls, M=15.03+1.39 y.o.), 61 with oncology of the brain and spinal cord (46 boys and 40 girls, M=14.96+1.52 y.o.), 46 with rheumatic diseases (17 boys and 29 girls, M=14.70+1.50 y.o.), and 51 with cerebral palsy (28 boys and 23 girls, M=15.30+1.17 y.o.). The R. Carver' COPE questionnaire, adapted by Ye.I. Rasskazova, T.O. Gordeyeva, Ye.N. Osin was used. It is found that adolescents with acquired disabilities use coping strategies similar to healthy peers, in contrast to adolescents with cerebral palsy, whose coping strategies are diverse. Adolescents in two clinical groups are more likely seeking support in religion than healthy ones, which reduces the stress impact by disability. Cognitively oriented coping styles is higher among healthy sample, emotionally oriented ones among adolescents with acquired disabilities, and dysfunctional ones among adolescents with cerebral palsy. Different trends in the intensity of coping strategies in clinical and healthy groups depending on gender are revealed.
{"title":"Coping Strategies and Coping Styles of Adolescents with Congenital and Acquired Disabilities (Cerebral Palsy, Oncology or Rheumatic Diseases Diagnosis)","authors":"M. Odintsova, M. Sorokova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2021100207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2021100207","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to compare adolescents coping strategies and coping styles depending on their gender and health status. Sample was subdivided into 3 groups: 1) healthy, \u00002) adolescents with cerebral palsy (congenital disability), 3) adolescents with oncology and rheumatic diseases (acquired disability). The sample size is 244 adolescents from 13 to 18 years old. 86 healthy subjects (37 boys and 24 girls, M=15.03+1.39 y.o.), 61 with oncology of the brain and spinal cord (46 boys and 40 girls, M=14.96+1.52 y.o.), 46 with rheumatic diseases (17 boys and 29 girls, M=14.70+1.50 y.o.), and 51 with cerebral palsy (28 boys and 23 girls, M=15.30+1.17 y.o.). The R. Carver' COPE questionnaire, adapted by Ye.I. Rasskazova, T.O. Gordeyeva, Ye.N. Osin was used. It is found that adolescents with acquired disabilities use coping strategies similar to healthy peers, in contrast to adolescents with cerebral palsy, whose coping strategies are diverse. Adolescents in two clinical groups are more likely seeking support in religion than healthy ones, which reduces the stress impact by disability. Cognitively oriented coping styles is higher among healthy sample, emotionally oriented ones among adolescents with acquired disabilities, and dysfunctional ones among adolescents with cerebral palsy. Different trends in the intensity of coping strategies in clinical and healthy groups depending on gender are revealed.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":" 36","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114051499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2019080405
N. Polskaya, Yu. Solovyanova
Article presents results of the study aimed at assessing the correlation between narcissistic features of personality and self-attitude factors in the sample of young adults. The sample (N=67) included young adults aged 17–30, 59 female (88,1%) and 8 male (11,9%). The main part of the sample consisted of university students – 58 respondents (84,1%). Methods: The Dirty Dozen (Jonason, Webster, 2010; adapted by Egorova, Sitnikova, Parshikova, 2015), Narcissistic Personality Traits Inventory (Shamshikova, Klepikova, 2010), Ten Item Personality Measure (Gosling, Rentfrow, Swann, 2003; adapted by Kornilova, Chumakova, 2016), and Questionnaire of Self-Attitude (Stolin, Pantileev, 1988). Statistical analysis included correlation analysis (Spearman’s correlations) and multiple linear regressions (stepwise). The results show significant correlations between self-attitude scales and the Dark Triad and narcissistic features of personality. Most of the correlations are negative excluding the scales of self-interest, self-sympathy, and expected attitude of others. Lack of empathy and envy for others’ successes are more characteristic of the respondents with predominant negative notions of their personality (vulnerable narcissism). Influence of the dark triad and narcissistic features of personality on self-attitude factors is negative except for grandiose self-worth and belief in one's uniqueness. The yielded results reflect the contradictions within self-attitude defined by the combination of grandiosity and inferiority as the main characteristics of the narcissistic personality.
{"title":"Narcissistic Features of Personality and Their Correlation with Self-attitude in Young Adult Sample","authors":"N. Polskaya, Yu. Solovyanova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2019080405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2019080405","url":null,"abstract":"Article presents results of the study aimed at assessing the correlation between narcissistic features of personality and self-attitude factors in the sample of young adults. The sample (N=67) included young adults aged 17–30, 59 female (88,1%) and 8 male (11,9%). The main part of the sample consisted of university students – 58 respondents (84,1%). Methods: The Dirty Dozen (Jonason, Webster, 2010; adapted by Egorova, Sitnikova, Parshikova, 2015), Narcissistic Personality Traits Inventory (Shamshikova, Klepikova, 2010), Ten Item Personality Measure (Gosling, Rentfrow, Swann, 2003; adapted by Kornilova, Chumakova, 2016), and Questionnaire of Self-Attitude (Stolin, Pantileev, 1988). Statistical analysis included correlation analysis (Spearman’s correlations) and multiple linear regressions (stepwise). The results show significant correlations between self-attitude scales and the Dark Triad and narcissistic features of personality. Most of the correlations are negative excluding the scales of self-interest, self-sympathy, and expected attitude of others. Lack of empathy and envy for others’ successes are more characteristic of the respondents with predominant negative notions of their personality (vulnerable narcissism). Influence of the dark triad and narcissistic features of personality on self-attitude factors is negative except for grandiose self-worth and belief in one's uniqueness. The yielded results reflect the contradictions within self-attitude defined by the combination of grandiosity and inferiority as the main characteristics of the narcissistic personality.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125255752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2021100312
V. Selivanov, L. Meitner, Y. Griber
The work focused on the examining the use of virtual reality (VR) technologies in the reduction of depression in Europe. More than 70 issues of the journals “Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking”, “European Psychologist” were analyzed. We used the bibliometric analysis, the "keyword method" to analyze the text, which is understood as a search for typical terms, content analysis of the content of articles that used VR and depression. In the journal "European Psychologist" the term VR has not been mentioned for the last 2 years, which indicates the secondary importance of this issue for general psychology. In cyberpsychology, on the contrary, since 2019 in Europe, the interest of researchers in the use of VR technologies in clinical psychology has increased. By the content of the journal articles. "Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking" VR technologies are used primarily for the correction of anxiety disorders, and secondly, for the correction of depression. These technologies are used in various ways. The first option is to create VR programs with a direct impact on depression reduction. Here, VR is used as a symptom awareness tool, to create an avatar environment for client dialogue in a non- judgmental environment. Research has shown that such VR programs are rated by users as a useful tool for informing and emotionally responding to depressive states. The second option is an indirect effect on reducing the level of depression through the reduction of fears, phobias; increased activation, tone, euphoria in mental states; the development of a positive mood, cognitive motivation; an increase in indicators of field independence (cognitive style). A study based on the methods of psychosemantics is presented, which has demonstrated the effect of a specially created VR program with an avatar on changing the unconscious attitudes of the personality, reducing phobia of darkness. The effectiveness of using of VR technologies in reducing depression is determined by modeling of mental experiences and actions in VR, creating a virtual ontology, the influence of VR on conscious and unconscious attitudes, the possibility of responding to unconscious experiences through the user's identification with an avatar.
{"title":"Features of the Use of Virtual Reality Technologies in the Rehabilitation and Treatment of Depression in Clinical Psychology","authors":"V. Selivanov, L. Meitner, Y. Griber","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2021100312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2021100312","url":null,"abstract":"The work focused on the examining the use of virtual reality (VR) technologies in the reduction of depression in Europe. More than 70 issues of the journals “Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking”, “European Psychologist” were analyzed. We used the bibliometric analysis, the \"keyword method\" to analyze the text, which is understood as a search for typical terms, content analysis of the content of articles that used VR and depression. In the journal \"European Psychologist\" the term VR has not been mentioned for the last 2 years, which indicates the secondary importance of this issue for general psychology. In cyberpsychology, on the contrary, since 2019 in Europe, the interest of researchers in the use of VR technologies in clinical psychology has increased. By the content of the journal articles. \"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking\" VR technologies are used primarily for the correction of anxiety disorders, and secondly, for the correction of depression. These technologies are used in various ways. The first option is to create VR programs with a direct impact on depression reduction. Here, VR is used as a symptom awareness tool, to create an avatar environment for client dialogue in a non- judgmental environment. Research has shown that such VR programs are rated by users as a useful tool for informing and emotionally responding to depressive states. The second option is an indirect effect on reducing the level of depression through the reduction of fears, phobias; increased activation, tone, euphoria in mental states; the development of a positive mood, cognitive motivation; an increase in indicators of field independence (cognitive style). A study based on the methods of psychosemantics is presented, which has demonstrated the effect of a specially created VR program with an avatar on changing the unconscious attitudes of the personality, reducing phobia of darkness. The effectiveness of using of VR technologies in reducing depression is determined by modeling of mental experiences and actions in VR, creating a virtual ontology, the influence of VR on conscious and unconscious attitudes, the possibility of responding to unconscious experiences through the user's identification with an avatar.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134113049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2021100306
E. Ivanova, A. Skvortsov, Y. Mikadze
The research is devoted to the study of the specificity of disorders of written speech in efferent motor agraphia, depending on the functional orientation of writing. The theoretical prerequisite for the work was the functionalist approach developed in the direction of cultural-historical psychology. The goal of the study: to reveal the variability of writing disorders in efferent motor agraphia in the conditions of different types of written speech performance in terms of functional orientation. The study used ecological tasks, which were developed in the culture of everyday writing activities, and traditional diagnostic tasks aimed at assessing separate writing operations. The study involved 22 patients with post-stroke efferent motor agraphia, 13 of them were men, the average age was 55,0±8,0 years. Nineteen patients had higher education, 3 — secondary education. The results of statistical calculations did not reveal significant differences in any of the types of errors at the level of individual words. The analyzed types of written errors were revised in favor of syntactic ones. Intraindividual analysis using nonparametric criteria revealed differences in 5 types of syntax errors. The obtained differences are explained by the choice of certain writing strategies that meet the written task assigned to the patient. The analysis shows the need to take into account not only the various instrumental components of speech and structural units of the language, in particular, syntax, but also functional changes manifested at the level of pragmatics.
{"title":"Functional Determination of Written Communication in Patients with Broca’s Aphasia","authors":"E. Ivanova, A. Skvortsov, Y. Mikadze","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2021100306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2021100306","url":null,"abstract":"The research is devoted to the study of the specificity of disorders of written speech in efferent motor agraphia, depending on the functional orientation of writing. The theoretical prerequisite for the work was the functionalist approach developed in the direction of cultural-historical psychology. The goal of the study: to reveal the variability of writing disorders in efferent motor agraphia in the conditions of different types of written speech performance in terms of functional orientation. The study used ecological tasks, which were developed in the culture of everyday writing activities, and traditional diagnostic tasks aimed at assessing separate writing operations. The study involved 22 patients with post-stroke efferent motor agraphia, 13 of them were men, the average age was 55,0±8,0 years. Nineteen patients had higher education, 3 — secondary education. The results of statistical calculations did not reveal significant differences in any of the types of errors at the level of individual words. The analyzed types of written errors were revised in favor of syntactic ones. Intraindividual analysis using nonparametric criteria revealed differences in 5 types of syntax errors. The obtained differences are explained by the choice of certain writing strategies that meet the written task assigned to the patient. The analysis shows the need to take into account not only the various instrumental components of speech and structural units of the language, in particular, syntax, but also functional changes manifested at the level of pragmatics.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132025487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2022110110
N. Zvereva
National clinical psychology suffers a great bereavement with the sudden death of Vladimir Anatolievich Uryvaev at the age of 68 on March 20, 2022. Vladimir Uryvaev was the chief editor of the online scientific journal “Clinical (medical) psychology in Russia”, the head of the Editorial and Publishing Division of the Online Scientific Editions of the Department of Research and Innovations of the Yaroslavl State Medical University (YSMU) and associate professor of YSMU. The YMSU Rector’s office and the editorial of the “Clinical (medical) Psychology in Russia" convey this message with regret.
{"title":"In the memory of Vladimir Anatolyevich Uryvaev (11.02.1954–20.03.2022)","authors":"N. Zvereva","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2022110110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2022110110","url":null,"abstract":"National clinical psychology suffers a great bereavement with the sudden death of Vladimir Anatolievich Uryvaev at the age of 68 on March 20, 2022. Vladimir Uryvaev was the chief editor of the online scientific journal “Clinical (medical) psychology in Russia”, the head of the Editorial and Publishing Division of the Online Scientific Editions of the Department of Research and Innovations of the Yaroslavl State Medical University (YSMU) and associate professor of YSMU. The YMSU Rector’s office and the editorial of the “Clinical (medical) Psychology in Russia\" convey this message with regret.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"883 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115026185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2021100103
E. Davydova, A. Sorokin, A. Khaustov, E. Shvedovskiy
In recent decades, the importance of the problem of evidence for the effectiveness of interventions in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) for researchers has increased. Presented review aims to analyze publications devoted to evidence-based studies of psycho-educational interventions, applied to children with ASD and their families. The review is structured according to the principle of targeted outcome, taking into account a set of methodological factors. Elementary-school children chosen as the main target group. The following intervention areas were selected for analysis: Modeling and Social Narratives. In order to form a sample of papers on a given topic, a search was carried out using the appropriate filtering on the base Web of Science Core Collection. The sample also contained works included in the registers of scientifically proven practices compiled by independent expert communities. The results of the analytical review showed that for the integration of these interventions into the educational process, they can be described by means of resource schemes containing target, methodological, empirical and organizational factors.
近几十年来，研究人员越来越重视自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)领域干预措施有效性的证据问题。本综述旨在分析专门用于ASD儿童及其家庭的基于证据的心理教育干预研究的出版物。审查的结构是根据目标结果原则，考虑到一套方法因素。选取的主要对象是小学生。选择以下干预领域进行分析:建模和社会叙事。为了形成给定主题的论文样本，在基础Web of Science Core Collection上使用适当的过滤进行搜索。该样本还包括由独立专家团体编制的经科学证明的实践登记册中的作品。分析性审查的结果表明，为了将这些干预措施纳入教育进程，它们可以通过包含目标、方法、经验和组织因素的资源计划来描述。
{"title":"Challenges and Perspectives of Evidence-Based Interventions Integration into Schooling of Children with","authors":"E. Davydova, A. Sorokin, A. Khaustov, E. Shvedovskiy","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2021100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2021100103","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, the importance of the problem of evidence for the effectiveness of interventions in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) for researchers has increased. Presented review aims to analyze publications devoted to evidence-based studies of psycho-educational interventions, applied to children with ASD and their families. The review is structured according to the principle of targeted outcome, taking into account a set of methodological factors. Elementary-school children chosen as the main target group. The following intervention areas were selected for analysis: Modeling and Social Narratives. In order to form a sample of papers on a given topic, a search was carried out using the appropriate filtering on the base Web of Science Core Collection. The sample also contained works included in the registers of scientifically proven practices compiled by independent expert communities. The results of the analytical review showed that for the integration of these interventions into the educational process, they can be described by means of resource schemes containing target, methodological, empirical and organizational factors.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121894631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2022110401
K.A. Kim, R.V. Kadirov
Raising a child with cerebral palsy contains difficult stress, which negatively affects everyone who is involved in this process. In native psychology, this problem is described by I.U. Levchenko, V.V. Tkacheva, V.A. Vishnevsky, T.N. Volkovskaya. However, there is a lack of research on stress for people, who are raising a child with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this review is to learn about foreign studies on stress for people, who are raising children with cerebral palsy. The article describes R. Abidin's current leading model for parental stress. The connection between raising a child with cerebral palsy and parental stress is considered based on R. Abidin's model. Particularly, the results of studies describe specific aspects of parental stress: lack of knowledge on special child care, not an equal assignment for parental responsibilities, separation anxiety, parent's health problems, social isolation, and guilt. Based on the analysis, we can conclude that raising a child with cerebral palsy is associated with a higher level of stress than raising children without disabilities. This information can be used both in similar studies for a domestic sample and in active programs to reduce parental stress.
{"title":"Parental Stress and Bringing up a Child with Cerebral Palsy: A Foreign Studies Review","authors":"K.A. Kim, R.V. Kadirov","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2022110401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2022110401","url":null,"abstract":"Raising a child with cerebral palsy contains difficult stress, which negatively affects everyone who is involved in this process. In native psychology, this problem is described by I.U. Levchenko, V.V. Tkacheva, V.A. Vishnevsky, T.N. Volkovskaya. However, there is a lack of research on stress for people, who are raising a child with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this review is to learn about foreign studies on stress for people, who are raising children with cerebral palsy. The article describes R. Abidin's current leading model for parental stress. The connection between raising a child with cerebral palsy and parental stress is considered based on R. Abidin's model. Particularly, the results of studies describe specific aspects of parental stress: lack of knowledge on special child care, not an equal assignment for parental responsibilities, separation anxiety, parent's health problems, social isolation, and guilt. Based on the analysis, we can conclude that raising a child with cerebral palsy is associated with a higher level of stress than raising children without disabilities. This information can be used both in similar studies for a domestic sample and in active programs to reduce parental stress.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128970169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2022110307
A. Melehin
The article presents the results of an empirical study of personality characteristics of the presence or absence of a problem-oriented personality type in 55 patients with (average age 49.6±11.2 years, 60% of men and 40% of women) and without (average age 48.5±12.2 years; 55% of men and 45% of women) subjective idiopathic tinnitus. The use of the Tinnitus Severity Index (TSI), the type-D Scale (DS-14), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and the Emotional stability assessment subscale from the Five-Factor Personality Inventory (FFPI) made it possible for the first time to describe the affective style of patients with tinnitus. Compared to people without tinnitus, patients with tinnitus have statistically and clinically significant higher levels of neuroticism, negative affectivity and social inhibition (isolation), on the one hand, and lower levels of extraversion and emotional stability, on the other hand. Patients with tinnitus and severe tinnitus distress are more likely to have a problem-oriented personality type, a problem-oriented personality type is associated with the presence of tinnitus and contributes to its perceived severity. Negative affectivity, as one of the dimensions of a problem-oriented personality type, has an adverse effect on the severity of tinnitus, and is a risk factor for tinnitus distress. In this regard, the article provides practical recommendations for the psychological examination of patients with tinnitus and the tactics of cognitive behavioral therapy.
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2020090102
M. Iosifyan, E. Mershina, D. A. Bazhenova, V. Sinitsyn, O. Larina, E. Pechenkova
Theory of mind is a cognitive ability, which enables to understand intentions, emotions and beliefs of another person. Because of theory of mind, people are able to interpret behavior of others and adapt to it. Numerous psychiatric impairments are associated with damaged theory of mind and communication with others. The present review analyses the impairments of theory of mind as laying on a continuum from hypermentalization (over-attribution of intentions to others) to hypomentalization (under-attribution of intentions to others) in autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. FMRI paradigm of different subprocesses of theory of mind is described (perceptual mind-reading, cognitive theory of mind, “hot” theory of mind and implicit theory of mind). Neural mechanisms of these subprocesses and their impairments in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia analyzed.
{"title":"Neural Mechanisms of Theory of Mind in Autism and Schizophrenia: A Review of fMRI Studies","authors":"M. Iosifyan, E. Mershina, D. A. Bazhenova, V. Sinitsyn, O. Larina, E. Pechenkova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2020090102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2020090102","url":null,"abstract":"Theory of mind is a cognitive ability, which enables to understand intentions, emotions and beliefs of another person. Because of theory of mind, people are able to interpret behavior of others and adapt to it. Numerous psychiatric impairments are associated with damaged theory of mind and communication with others. The present review analyses the impairments of theory of mind as laying on a continuum from hypermentalization (over-attribution of intentions to others) to hypomentalization (under-attribution of intentions to others) in autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. FMRI paradigm of different subprocesses of theory of mind is described (perceptual mind-reading, cognitive theory of mind, “hot” theory of mind and implicit theory of mind). Neural mechanisms of these subprocesses and their impairments in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia analyzed.","PeriodicalId":344078,"journal":{"name":"Клиническая и специальная психология","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125503567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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