Endocrine and Metabolic Science最新文献

{"title":"Influence of high fructose intake on systemic and cognitive health across developmental stages: A review","authors":"Zinhle Mvelase ,&nbsp;Mluleki Luvuno ,&nbsp;Musa V. Mabandla","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overconsumption of fructose is a significant medical concern due to its potential adverse effects. In this review article, we critically examine the repercussions of high fructose exposure to increase awareness about the adverse impact of fructose on memory and learning performance, metabolic and systematic parameters with a particular focus on how these manifestations differ among adolescents, children and adults. Chronic intake of high-fructose diets has been consistently associated with impairments in learning and memory functions. These deficits in memory function have been linked to disruptions in insulin signalling pathways in the brain. Scientific evidence further highlights that high fructose intake is attributed to the development of kidney diseases, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular complications, and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Despite extensive research on fructose's metabolic effects, there are still gaps in understanding its impact on cognitive function and systemic health across different developmental stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of periostin in postmenopausal thyroid patients: A prospective case-control study","authors":"Ashok Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Saba Faruqui ,&nbsp;Ambika Nand Jha","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the relationship between periostin in postmenopausal hypothyroid women.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A prospective case-control study was conducted at Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS) Hospital, Agamkuan, Patna, India. The study includes 38 postmenopausal hypothyroid women as case and 38 healthy women as control. Demographic details and anthropometric measurements were included. Biochemical parameters like triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), calcitonin, calcium, phosphorous, creatinine and albumin were determined. Serum periostin level was measured in case as well as in control subjects. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was used to perform statistical analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences were noted in hip circumference (HC), waist hip ratio (WHR), white blood cells (WBC), T3, TSH, creatinine, calcium, phosphorous, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and periostin levels between hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. Euthyroid patients had lower TSH and higher T3 levels, while periostin was higher in hypothyroid subjects. Correlation analysis showed periostin shows positive correlation with height and WBC, and negative correlation with T3, T4, and creatinine. Whereas, TSH shows positive correlation with creatinine in hypothyroid cases and shows negative correlation with weight and body mass index (BMI).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hypothyroid patients observed with higher serum periostin levels in comparison to euthyroid individuals. Further research on periostin in large population is required in hypothyroid cases along with bone mineral density (BMD) to be explored as a possible biomarker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IPSS does not impact management in Cushing's Disease when a pituitary tumor is visible on MRI","authors":"Michelle D. Lundholm ,&nbsp;Kevin M. Pantalone ,&nbsp;Pratibha PR Rao ,&nbsp;Amir H. Hamrahian ,&nbsp;Varun R. Kshettry ,&nbsp;Pablo Recinos ,&nbsp;Divya Yogi-Morren","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>There is controversy surrounding the value of inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) in Cushing's Disease (CD) when there is a visible pituitary lesion on pre-operative imaging. This study compares lateralization results between IPSS and pituitary MRI against surgical localization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary referral center on patients with pathology-confirmed CD between 2003 and 2022, with unilateral pituitary tumor on MRI, and successful pre-operative bilateral IPSS. Bilateral sellar exploration was performed surgically in all cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 32 patients included, all had IPSS results consistent with CD and all lateralized. The median age at diagnosis was 43 years (range 23–69 years) and 88 % were female (<em>N</em> = 28). The median tumor size on MRI was 5 mm (range 3–12 mm). Prolactin adjustment was performed in the interpretation of IPSS in 30 cases (94 %). MRI correctly lateralized 31 tumors (97 %), whereas IPSS correctly lateralized 27 tumors (84 %). Of the 6 cases where MRI and IPSS disagreed on laterality, the operative report was consistent with MRI lateralization in 4 of 6 cases, and midline disease in the remaining 2 cases. There were no cases where IPSS lateralization was correct when MRI lateralization was incorrect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>When a tumor is visible on MRI (≥3 mm), IPSS does not add to the accuracy of determining tumor lateralization. Therefore, IPSS does not add to the diagnostic nor therapeutic management for patients with biochemical testing consistent with CD and visible tumor on MRI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rikkunshito prevents blood glucose intolerance in rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy","authors":"Hiroshi Kono,&nbsp;Hidetake Amemiya,&nbsp;Naohiro Hosomura,&nbsp;Daisuke Ichikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>After pancreatic surgery, impaired glucose tolerance may occur as a consequence of surgery, which has the potential to predispose a patient to diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study investigated the effects of rikkunshito (TJ-43) on incretin hormones and blood glucose tolerance in rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy were fed diets containing TJ-43 [TJ-43(+) group] or not containing TJ-43 [TJ-43(−) group]. The plasma incretin hormone levels, including gastrointestinal polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1), were measured. Furthermore, the expression of incretin hormones in the gastrointestinal tract and insulin in the pancreas was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were assessed using the oral glucose tolerance test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The plasma GIP and GLP-1 levels markedly increased in the TJ-43(+) group compared with those in the TJ-43(−) group. GIP and GLP-1 expressions were enhanced in the stomach and small intestine by TJ-43 treatment, respectively. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the increasing blood glucose levels observed in the TJ-43(−) group were reduced in the TJ-43(+) group by increases in plasma insulin levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results show that TJ-43 may improve blood glucose tolerance in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Core tips</h3><div>This study investigated the effects of rikkunshito (TJ-43) on the secretion of incretin hormones, including gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1, and blood glucose tolerance in rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy. TJ-43 markedly increased the secretion of incretin hormones. As a result, TJ-43 increased blood insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance. Thus, TJ-43 may have benefits after pancreatic surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating complications and mortality in patients with post-surgical chronic hypoparathyroidism in England: A retrospective matched cohort study","authors":"Narendra L. Reddy ,&nbsp;Caoimhe T. Rice ,&nbsp;Sara J. Carvalho ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Davidson ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Glenister ,&nbsp;Christopher T. Sibley ,&nbsp;Alden R. Smith ,&nbsp;Wahidullah Noori","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The clinical burden of post-surgical chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) in England is not well established. This study compared the risks of complications and mortality between patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT and patients without HypoPT in England.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective, matched cohort study was conducted using linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics death registrations. The study period was 2007–2020. Patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT were matched on age, gender, and primary care registration time to patients without HypoPT. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to compare the risks of complications and mortality between patient groups. Regression models were adjusted for potential confounding variables where possible.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 215 patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT (median follow-up 4.5 years) and 2149 patients without HypoPT (median follow-up 5.2 years). Compared to patients without HypoPT, patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT had higher adjusted risks of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85–4.51, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001) and composite renal complications (adjusted HR 4.10, 95% CI 2.25–7.46, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT also had higher unadjusted risks of cardiovascular complications, cataracts, infection, mental health complications, seizure, symptomatic hypocalcaemia, and symptomatic hypercalcaemia than patients without HypoPT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In England, patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT had a three-fold increased risk of mortality and a four-fold increased risk of renal complications compared to patients without HypoPT. Novel treatments for HypoPT are needed to reduce this clinical burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive effects of prepubertal exposure to 35 % carbamide peroxide in female Wistar rats","authors":"Olugbemi T. Olaniyan ,&nbsp;Olorunsola I. Adeyomoye ,&nbsp;Femi Adebayo ,&nbsp;Charles O. Adetunji ,&nbsp;Gloria Okotie","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbamide peroxide is a tooth-whitening agent present in home-based products or carefully applied by dental health professionals. It has been shown to cause several adverse reactions however, its effects on the development of reproductive organs and functions have not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to investigate prepubertal exposure of 35 % carbamide peroxide on ovary and uterine development in female Wistar rats. Twenty (20) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (<em>n</em> = 5/group) as follow; group 1 served as control, groups 2, 3 and 4 received 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg of 35 % carbamide peroxide respectively. Treatments were orally administered for 21 days. Body, ovary and uterus weights were determined using weighing scale. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol and progesterone were determined using ELISA method. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was assessed using spectrophotometry procedure. Estrous cycle was monitored using microscopic examination of vaginal smear. Histological assessment of the ovary and uterus were done using hematoxylin-eosin stain. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, expressed as Mean ± S.E.M., at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05. Results showed significant decrease in ovary and uterus weights and estradiol in 500 mg/kg carbamide peroxide group compared to control. Malondialdehyde increased significantly while AMH, LH, FSH, progesterone decreased significantly in 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg carbamide peroxide compared to control. There was significant decrease in frequencies of proestrous and estrous phases in 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg carbamide peroxide compared to their pre-exposure values. The ovary showed decrease in primordial follicles while the uterus showed uterine perforations in 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg compared to control. Oral administration of carbamide peroxide decreases ovary and uterus weights, luteinizing hormones, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, primordial follicles, proestrous and estrous phases of estrous cycle. These indicate that 35 % carbamide peroxide induce toxicity and decrease the potentials of the reproductive organs for fertilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of uric acid, blood pressure anticipating proteinuria worsening in pregnant women of advanced age","authors":"Hang Thi Thu Ho ,&nbsp;Thuan Hoa Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ha Hong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Sam Phan Hai Nguyen ,&nbsp;Kien Trung Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Women of advanced maternal age are considered a high-risk obstetric population. Increases in serum uric acid levels, body mass index, and blood pressure have been associated with a higher likelihood of developing proteinuria. However, data on the predictive value of these factors for proteinuria progression specifically in this population remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine the optimal cutoff values of serum uric acid, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in predicting the progression of proteinuria in pregnant women of advanced maternal age.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with longitudinal follow-up conducted among pregnant women who attended the Obstetrics Department of Vinh Long General Hospital from November 2022 to October 2023. Advanced maternal age was defined as maternal age of 35 years or older. Proteinuria was considered elevated when the 24-h urinary protein level reached ≥300 mg after the 20th week of gestation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled, with a mean age of 38.6 ± 4.7 years. The proportions of active smoking and alcohol consumption were 18.0 % and 20.0 %, respectively. Overweight and obesity (OR = 6.06; 95 % CI: 1.97–18.59), smoking (OR = 3.89; 95 % CI: 1.30–11.59), and alcohol use (OR = 3.14; 95 % CI: 1.08–9.11) were significantly associated with the development of proteinuria. A pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) cut-off of 22.5 kg/m² showed the highest predictive value for proteinuria progression, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.89 (95 % CI: 0.81–0.98), sensitivity of 86.2 %, and specificity of 92.3 %. Serum uric acid (AUC = 0.88), systolic blood pressure (AUC = 0.81), and diastolic blood pressure (AUC = 0.80) also demonstrated strong predictive performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overweight/obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption were identified as risk factors for increased proteinuria. In addition, pre-pregnancy BMI, serum uric acid levels, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure all demonstrated strong predictive value for proteinuria progression in pregnant women of advanced maternal age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of depressive symptoms and their association with diabetes self-care among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jouf Region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Hatem Mohammed Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman F. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Abdullah Nasser Q. AlMuqawed ,&nbsp;Saleh Mohammed Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Radhi Nasser Alkubaidan ,&nbsp;Tariq Mohaimeed Altaymani ,&nbsp;Muharib Alruwaili ,&nbsp;Maily J. Alrowily ,&nbsp;Msaad Alzahrani ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alzahrani","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global health problem. Cognitive and emotional aspects, such as depressive symptoms, influence patients' ability to engage in self-care and maintain optimal diabetes management.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To determine the frequency of depressive symptoms and their association with diabetes self-care, as well as related demographic and clinical characteristics, among patients with T2DM in the Jouf region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending diabetes clinics at regional health centers in Jouf, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed validated Arabic versions of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depressive symptoms and the 16-item Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) to assess self-care behaviors. Demographic, clinical, and metabolic data (BMI, HbA1c, lipid profile) were extracted. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Spearman correlations, chi-square tests, and logistic regression using SPSS v25.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final sample included 283 patients (mean age 56 ± 11 years; 61.5 % female). Clinically significant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) were reported in 39.9 % of participants. DSMQ self-care classification showed 0.7 % with poor, 67.5 % with moderate, and 31.8 % with good self-care. Depression scores were inversely correlated with DSMQ scores (<em>r</em> = −0.469, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Multivariate regression identified family history of diabetes (OR = 6.24; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), lower DSMQ scores (OR = 0.52; p &lt; 0.001), and combination therapy with OHAs plus insulin (OR = 0.39; <em>p</em> = 0.007) as significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Elevated triglycerides were marginally associated (<em>p</em> = 0.051).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Depressive symptoms are common among patients with T2DM and strongly associated with poorer diabetes self-care. Screening, education programs, and integrated care models that combine metabolic and psychological interventions are essential to improve outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive value of the TG/HDL index for metabolic syndrome and its components: A cross-sectional study in the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Population","authors":"Amirali Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Farahnaz Joukar ,&nbsp;Kourosh Mojtahedi ,&nbsp;Saman Maroufizadeh ,&nbsp;Soheil Hassanipour ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Naghipour ,&nbsp;Mehrnaz Asgharnezhad ,&nbsp;Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern linked to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio has emerged as a promising biomarker for MetS due to its strong correlation with insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia. However, its utility in Middle Eastern populations, particularly in Iran, remains underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and MetS in the Guilan Cohort Study (GCS), a population-based survey in northern Iran, and to identify sex-specific cutoff values for MetS prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional analysis included 10,520 adults aged 35–70 from the GCS. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical studies. MetS was defined using NCEP ATP-III criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive performance of the TG/HDL-C ratio, and logistic regression models were employed to examine its association with MetS, adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, BMI, and lifestyle factors.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The overall prevalence of MetS was 41.8 %, with significant gender disparities (56.3 % in women vs. 25.0 % in men). Central obesity (58.0 %) and dyslipidemia were highly prevalent, particularly among women. The TG/HDL-C ratio demonstrated strong predictive power for MetS, with AUC values of 0.828 for men and 0.832 for women. Sex-specific optimal cutoffs were identified at 3.42 (men) and 2.80 (women), with high sensitivity (83.6 % and 72.2 %) and specificity (69.0 % and 80.9 %). Logistic regression revealed a significant association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and MetS risk, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.49 (men) and 3.02 (women) per unit increase.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The TG/HDL-C ratio is a robust and cost-effective biomarker for predicting MetS, particularly in resource-limited settings. The study highlights significant gender disparities in MetS prevalence and risk factors, underscoring the need for gender-tailored interventions. These findings support the integration of the TG/HDL-C ratio into routine clinical practice for early detection and management of MetS. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and multiethnic validation to further establish the ratio's applicability across diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia among hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A single center study from Lebanon","authors":"Mohamad Fleifel ,&nbsp;Amal Al Zoghbi ,&nbsp;Jana Tabaja ,&nbsp;Andrew El Alam ,&nbsp;Khaled Abi Farraj ,&nbsp;Randa Al Zaatari ,&nbsp;Yara Skaff ,&nbsp;Rami Tabbikha ,&nbsp;Kamar Eid ,&nbsp;Rana Attieh ,&nbsp;Soha Bayda ,&nbsp;Wassim Assaad ,&nbsp;Dana El Masri ,&nbsp;Ali Al Dailaty ,&nbsp;Naya Fadel ,&nbsp;Nesrine Abi Saad ,&nbsp;Omar El Tarras ,&nbsp;Georges Namnoum ,&nbsp;Pascale Salameh ,&nbsp;Rola Husni-Samaha ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Eid Fares","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100280","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The residual effects of coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains to this day as modern research continues to further investigate the disease. COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) seem to have a poorer prognosis overall. Lebanon's DM prevalence has been previously well described in the literature, and some studies have documented some of COVID-19's drastic morbidity and mortality in type 2 DM (T2DM) patients. As per our literature review, there has not been any study in Lebanon, which exclusively describes the state of T2DM and hyperglycemia among COVID-19 adult inpatients.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To describe T2DM and hyperglycemia in relation to selected patients' clinical characteristics, paraclinical data, and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia among patients admitted to the Lebanese American University Medical Center-Rizk Hospital (LAUMC-RH), a large tertiary care medical center in Beirut, Lebanon.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This was an observational retrospective study of COVID-19 patients admitted to LAUMC-RH over a near course of 8 months. The eligible subjects were hospitalized adult (≥18 years old) male and nonpregnant female patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The total eligible sample was 484 patients. All analyses were evaluated at 0.05 significance level. Cross tabulation of the results was done along with odds ratio when applicable. Cross tabulation of the results was done along with odds ratio when applicable. Multivariate analysis, survival analysis, and cox regression were also performed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Among the admitted COVID-19 patients, 33.7 % had T2DM and 9.2 % of the DM patients had previously undiagnosed T2DM. Approximately 4.5 % of the COVID-19 patients had documented hypoglycemia, and 55 % had hyperglycemia. Comparing T2DM to non-T2DM patients, approximately 48.2 % of hypertension (HTN), 52.6 % of dyslipidemia (DL), and 58.9 % of coronary artery disease (CAD) COVID-19 patients had T2DM (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;-values &lt;0.05). Around 69.6 % of patients who remained between 5 and 10 days in the intensive care unit (ICU) had T2DM (p-value &lt;0.05). 36.8 % of the deceased inpatients had T2DM; however, the result was statistically insignificant. 55.3 % and 68.2 % of the patients with hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, respectively, had T2DM (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;-values &lt;0.05). Hyperglycemic emergencies occurred mostly in patients with T2DM (p-value &lt;0.05), with intravenous (IV) insulin drip being used in 77.1 % among T2DM patients (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;-value &lt;0.05). The mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for T2DM patients alone was 8.12 ± 1.68 %. Approximately 94.7 % of patients who had in-hospital hyperglycemia where on steroids (p-value &lt;0.05). Patients with HTN, DL, CAD, overweight, and obesity all had T2DM and in-hospital hyperglycemia (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;-values &lt;0.05). Patients on home sulfonylureas (SU) or metformin were more likely to survive post hosp","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}