Endocrine and Metabolic Science最新文献_第7页

Effectiveness of radioactive iodine (RAI) and its associations with different factors in people presenting with hyperthyroidism 放射性碘（RAI）在甲亢患者中的有效性及其与不同因素的关系

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100239

Sarwat Anjum , Javaid Iqbal , Musarrat Riaz , Salman Habib , Akhtar Ahmed , Naila Memon , Hafiza Faiza , Hira Tariq

Background

Radioactive iodine (RAI) is the important modality to treat Hyperthyroidism. Successful treatment is determined by development of euthyroidism and / or Hypothyroidism within 6 months of radioactive iodine treatment. The aim of this study was to find out the outcome of RAI treatment and its association with factors like age, gender various etiologies of hyperthyroidism and baseline TSH, FT4 in our population.

Methods

This retrospective study was conducted at KIRAN from January 2018 to June 2020. A total of 199 participants with complete data were recruited in study after IRB approval. Demographic details, age, gender, the underlying cause of hyperthyroidism Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, toxic nodule, were obtained from medical records along with baseline FT4 & TSH. A fixed dose of 15mci of radioactive iodine was given to all patients and TSH and FT4 were measured at 6 weeks 3, 6, and 12 months. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.

Results

In our study 77.9 % were females, 22.1 % males, mean age was 41.32 ± 0.99 years, 74.4 % had Graves’ disease, whereas 15 % participants had solitary toxic nodule & toxic multinodular goiter. Post RAI TSH target was achieved earlier compared to FT4. Outcome of RAI treatment in patients with Graves’ disease and toxic nodule revealed statistically significant and early result. Females revealed significant improvement at 6 months in both biochemical markers i-e TSH and FT4 compared to males, however, the FT4 was statistically significant early in elderly participants. Successful treatment was noticed in 75.6 % at 6 &12 months.

Conclusion

Fixed dose RAI treatment achieved a 75.6 % success rate at 6 & 12 months, with prompt response noted in female gender, Graves’ disease and toxic nodules. Biochemical (TSH + FT4) improvement was faster in Females, while FT4 normalized earlier in elderly patients and overall TSH levels stabilized before FT4 levels, confirming RAI's effectiveness.

背景放射性碘（RAI）是治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的重要方法。治疗成功与否取决于放射性碘治疗后 6 个月内是否出现甲状腺功能亢进和/或甲状腺功能减退。本研究旨在找出 RAI 治疗的结果及其与年龄、性别、甲亢的各种病因和基线 TSH、FT4 等因素的关系。方法这项回顾性研究于 2018 年 1 月至 2020 年 6 月在 KIRAN 进行。经 IRB 批准后，共招募了 199 名数据完整的参与者参与研究。研究人员从病历中获取了人口统计学细节、年龄、性别、甲状腺功能亢进的根本原因格雷夫斯病、毒性多结节性甲状腺肿、毒性结节以及基线 FT4 & TSH。所有患者都服用了固定剂量的 15mci 放射性碘，并在 6 周、3 个月、6 个月和 12 个月时测量 TSH 和 FT4。研究结果77.9%的患者为女性，22.1%为男性，平均年龄为（41.32 ± 0.99）岁，74.4%的患者患有巴塞杜氏病，15%的患者患有单发毒性结节和毒性多结节性甲状腺肿。与FT4相比，RAI后TSH更早达到目标。对患有巴塞杜氏病和毒性结节的患者进行 RAI 治疗的结果显示，在统计学上有显著的早期疗效。与男性相比，女性患者的促甲状腺激素（TSH）和绒毛膜促性腺激素（FT4）在6个月后的生化指标均有明显改善，但在老年患者中，FT4的改善较早。结论固定剂量 RAI 治疗在 6 个月和 12 个月时的成功率为 75.6%，女性、巴塞杜氏病和毒性结节患者的反应较快。女性患者的生化指标（TSH + FT4）改善更快，而老年患者的 FT4 正常化更早，总体 TSH 水平先于 FT4 水平趋于稳定，这证实了 RAI 的有效性。

{"title":"Effectiveness of radioactive iodine (RAI) and its associations with different factors in people presenting with hyperthyroidism","authors":"Sarwat Anjum , Javaid Iqbal , Musarrat Riaz , Salman Habib , Akhtar Ahmed , Naila Memon , Hafiza Faiza , Hira Tariq","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Radioactive iodine (RAI) is the important modality to treat Hyperthyroidism. Successful treatment is determined by development of euthyroidism and / or Hypothyroidism within 6 months of radioactive iodine treatment. The aim of this study was to find out the outcome of RAI treatment and its association with factors like age, gender various etiologies of hyperthyroidism and baseline TSH, FT4 in our population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was conducted at KIRAN from January 2018 to June 2020. A total of 199 participants with complete data were recruited in study after IRB approval. Demographic details, age, gender, the underlying cause of hyperthyroidism Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, toxic nodule, were obtained from medical records along with baseline FT4 & TSH. A fixed dose of 15mci of radioactive iodine was given to all patients and TSH and FT4 were measured at 6 weeks 3, 6, and 12 months. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our study 77.9 % were females, 22.1 % males, mean age was 41.32 ± 0.99 years, 74.4 % had Graves’ disease, whereas 15 % participants had solitary toxic nodule & toxic multinodular goiter. Post RAI TSH target was achieved earlier compared to FT4. Outcome of RAI treatment in patients with Graves’ disease and toxic nodule revealed statistically significant and early result. Females revealed significant improvement at 6 months in both biochemical markers i-e TSH and FT4 compared to males, however, the FT4 was statistically significant early in elderly participants. Successful treatment was noticed in 75.6 % at 6 &12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fixed dose RAI treatment achieved a 75.6 % success rate at 6 & 12 months, with prompt response noted in female gender, Graves’ disease and toxic nodules. Biochemical (TSH + FT4) improvement was faster in Females, while FT4 normalized earlier in elderly patients and overall TSH levels stabilized before FT4 levels, confirming RAI's effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in chronic kidney disease: A review of current evidence and clinical implications 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂在慢性肾脏疾病中的作用：当前证据和临床意义的综述

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100251

Abdulrahman Saad Alfaiz

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting millions worldwide, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. While traditional treatments such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been the cornerstone of CKD management, newer therapeutic approaches are needed to slow disease progression and improve outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, initially developed as antihyperglycemic agents, have demonstrated significant renoprotective and cardioprotective effects beyond glucose control.

Objective

This review aims to evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and clinical implications of SGLT2 inhibitors in CKD, highlighting their mechanisms of action, benefits, limitations, and future research directions.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline using keywords related to SGLT2 inhibitors, CKD, and renal outcomes with no time limit. Studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies examining the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in CKD patients. The risk of bias was assessed using standard tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

Results

Clinical trials have demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors, including empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and ertugliflozin, significantly reduce CKD progression, lower albuminuria, and decrease the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. These effects are observed in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit renoprotective mechanisms such as reducing glomerular hyperfiltration, modulating tubuloglomerular feedback, and exerting anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. However, potential adverse effects, including an initial decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), an increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, and urinary tract infections, necessitate careful patient selection and monitoring. Emerging studies also explore the role of machine learning in optimizing SGLT2 inhibitor use for personalized treatment approaches.

Conclusion

SGLT2 inhibitors have emerged as a transformative addition to CKD management, offering substantial renal and cardiovascular benefits. Despite safety concerns, their advantages outweigh the risks, warranting broader clinical implementation. Future research should focus on refining patient selection, optimizing treatment combinations, and leveraging data science to enhance therapeutic outcomes in CKD patients.

慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）是一种影响全球数百万人的进行性疾病，导致大量发病率、死亡率和医疗负担。虽然血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）抑制剂和血管紧张素受体阻滞剂（ARBs）等传统治疗方法一直是CKD治疗的基石，但需要新的治疗方法来减缓疾病进展并改善预后。钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2 （SGLT2）抑制剂最初是作为抗高血糖药物开发的，已经证明了除血糖控制外的显著的肾保护和心脏保护作用。目的本综述旨在评价SGLT2抑制剂治疗CKD的有效性、安全性和临床意义，重点介绍其作用机制、益处、局限性和未来的研究方向。方法在PubMed、谷歌Scholar和Medline上进行全面的文献检索，检索与SGLT2抑制剂、CKD和肾脏结局相关的关键词，无时间限制。研究包括随机对照试验、队列研究和病例对照研究，研究SGLT2抑制剂对CKD患者肾脏和心血管预后的影响。偏倚风险采用标准工具进行评估，如纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表和Cochrane偏倚风险工具。临床试验表明，SGLT2抑制剂，包括恩格列净、卡格列净、达格列净和厄图格列净，可显著减少CKD进展，降低蛋白尿，降低心血管事件和全因死亡率的风险。这些影响在糖尿病和非糖尿病人群中都可以观察到。此外，SGLT2抑制剂表现出肾保护机制，如减少肾小球高滤过，调节小管肾小球反馈，发挥抗炎和抗纤维化特性。然而，潜在的不良反应，包括初始估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）的下降，正糖糖尿病酮症酸中毒和尿路感染的风险增加，需要仔细选择和监测患者。新兴研究还探索了机器学习在优化SGLT2抑制剂用于个性化治疗方法中的作用。结论：sglt2抑制剂已成为CKD治疗的变革性补充，提供了实质性的肾脏和心血管益处。尽管存在安全性问题，但它们的优势大于风险，值得更广泛的临床应用。未来的研究应侧重于改进患者选择，优化治疗组合，并利用数据科学来提高CKD患者的治疗效果。

{"title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in chronic kidney disease: A review of current evidence and clinical implications","authors":"Abdulrahman Saad Alfaiz","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting millions worldwide, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. While traditional treatments such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been the cornerstone of CKD management, newer therapeutic approaches are needed to slow disease progression and improve outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, initially developed as antihyperglycemic agents, have demonstrated significant renoprotective and cardioprotective effects beyond glucose control.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review aims to evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and clinical implications of SGLT2 inhibitors in CKD, highlighting their mechanisms of action, benefits, limitations, and future research directions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline using keywords related to SGLT2 inhibitors, CKD, and renal outcomes with no time limit. Studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies examining the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in CKD patients. The risk of bias was assessed using standard tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Clinical trials have demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors, including empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and ertugliflozin, significantly reduce CKD progression, lower albuminuria, and decrease the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. These effects are observed in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit renoprotective mechanisms such as reducing glomerular hyperfiltration, modulating tubuloglomerular feedback, and exerting anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. However, potential adverse effects, including an initial decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), an increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, and urinary tract infections, necessitate careful patient selection and monitoring. Emerging studies also explore the role of machine learning in optimizing SGLT2 inhibitor use for personalized treatment approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SGLT2 inhibitors have emerged as a transformative addition to CKD management, offering substantial renal and cardiovascular benefits. Despite safety concerns, their advantages outweigh the risks, warranting broader clinical implementation. Future research should focus on refining patient selection, optimizing treatment combinations, and leveraging data science to enhance therapeutic outcomes in CKD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRF1 receptor antagonists in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of phase 2 open-label and phase 3 clinical trials CRF1受体拮抗剂治疗先天性肾上腺增生：2期开放标签和3期临床试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100247

Mir wajid Majeed , Emma Finnegan , Mariano Gallo Ruelas , Marco Quirós , Marina Barbosa da Silva , Issa Salha , Catalina Herrán-Fonseca , Helen Michaela de Oliveira , Melissa Chacón Quirós , Raheel Ahmed , Zainab Humayun , Tajamul Hussain Shah , Mohammad Ashraf Ganie

Introduction

Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. Recent clinical trials indicate that type 1 Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor OR CRFR1 receptor OR CRF1 antagonists could provide a new treatment option for CAH. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these drugs in patients with CAH.

Methods

Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies. Analysis of Phase 2b and Phase 3 clinical trials was carried out. Mean percent changes and event numbers were pooled to perform a single-arm meta-analysis. Binary data was pooled from Phase 3 clinical trials. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio version 4.1.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing), under a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics.

Results

From Phase 2 clinical trials, pooled efficacy data from studies with CRF1 antagonists resulted in a mean decrease from baseline levels in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) -57.86 %; 95 % CI -71.15 to −44.58 %; I² = 0 %), 17-OHP (17-hydroxyprogesterone) (Mean − 40.01 %;95 % CI -66.31 to −13.71 %; I² = 66 %) and androstenedione (−39.24 %; 95 % CI -62.77 to −15.70 %; I² = 78 %). Overall, 71 % (95 % CI 53.91 % to 85.39 %) of the included patients experienced adverse events of any grade, with no significant difference between drug-type subgroups (P = 0.83). In Phase 3 trials, compared to placebo, CRF1 receptor antagonists resulted in a significant reduction of 17-OHP (MD: −6049.40 ng/dL; 95 % CI: −6665.23 to −5433.58 ng/dL; p < 0.01; I² = 0 %), androstenedione levels (MD: −313.58 ng/dL; 95 % CI: −400.14 to −227.02 ng/dL; p < 0.01; I² = 0 %) and need for glucocorticoid dose reduction (MD: −20.37 %; 95 % CI: −26.73 % to −14.00 %; p < 0.01; I² = 47 %) No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups with respect to treatment emergent adverse effects 1.02 (95 % CI: 0.91 to 1.15; p = 0.72; I² = 0 %) or treatment discontinuation 3.28 (95 % CI: 0.41 to 26.51; p = 0.27; I² = 0 %).

Conclusion

CRF1 antagonists, especially Crinecerfont, are promising in the treatment of CAH. Phase 2b and Phase 3 clinical trials of CRF1 antagonists involving Crinecerfont demonstrated consistent results supporting its efficacy and safety. These studies showed significant reductions in ACTH, 17-OHP and androstenedione levels, as well as a decreased need for glucocorticoid doses, with no notable difference in adverse effects compared to placebo.

摘要经典先天性肾上腺增生症（CAH）是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传病。最近的临床试验表明，1型促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素受体或CRFR1受体或CRF1拮抗剂可能为CAH提供新的治疗选择。因此，我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以评估这些药物对CAH患者的疗效和安全性。方法检索medline、Embase和Cochrane图书馆中符合条件的研究。对2b期和3期临床试验进行分析。平均百分比变化和事件数合并进行单臂荟萃分析。二进制数据来自3期临床试验。采用随机效应模型，采用RStudio 4.1.2版本（R Foundation for Statistical Computing）进行统计分析。采用I2统计量评估异质性。结果：从2期临床试验中，来自CRF1拮抗剂研究的综合疗效数据显示，促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）从基线水平平均下降57.86%；95% CI -71.15 ~ - 44.58%；I2 = 0%), 17-OHP (17-hydroxyprogesterone)(意味着−40.01%;95%可信区间-66.31−13.71%;I2 = 66%)和雄烯二酮(- 39.24%；95% CI -62.77 ~ - 15.70%；i2 = 78%)。总体而言，71% （95% CI 53.91% ~ 85.39%）的纳入患者经历了任何级别的不良事件，药物类型亚组之间无显著差异（P = 0.83）。在3期试验中，与安慰剂相比，CRF1受体拮抗剂导致17-OHP显著降低(MD: - 6049.40 ng/dL；95% CI:−6665.23 ~−5433.58 ng/dL；p & lt;0.01;I2 = 0%)，雄烯二酮水平(MD:−313.58 ng/dL；95% CI:−400.14 ~−227.02 ng/dL；p & lt;0.01;I2 = 0%)和糖皮质激素减量需求(MD:−20.37%；95% CI:−26.73% ~−14.00%；p & lt;0.01;I2 = 47%)两组在治疗紧急不良反应1.02方面差异无统计学意义(95% CI: 0.91 ~ 1.15；p = 0.72；I2 = 0%)或停止治疗3.28 (95% CI: 0.41 ~ 26.51；p = 0.27；i2 = 0%)。结论crf1拮抗剂在治疗CAH方面具有较好的应用前景，尤其是criecerfont。涉及criecerfont的CRF1拮抗剂的2b期和3期临床试验显示一致的结果支持其有效性和安全性。这些研究表明，ACTH、17-OHP和雄烯二酮水平显著降低，糖皮质激素剂量需求减少，与安慰剂相比，不良反应无显著差异。

{"title":"CRF1 receptor antagonists in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of phase 2 open-label and phase 3 clinical trials","authors":"Mir wajid Majeed , Emma Finnegan , Mariano Gallo Ruelas , Marco Quirós , Marina Barbosa da Silva , Issa Salha , Catalina Herrán-Fonseca , Helen Michaela de Oliveira , Melissa Chacón Quirós , Raheel Ahmed , Zainab Humayun , Tajamul Hussain Shah , Mohammad Ashraf Ganie","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. Recent clinical trials indicate that type 1 Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor OR CRFR1 receptor OR CRF1 antagonists could provide a new treatment option for CAH. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these drugs in patients with CAH.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies. Analysis of Phase 2b and Phase 3 clinical trials was carried out. Mean percent changes and event numbers were pooled to perform a single-arm meta-analysis. Binary data was pooled from Phase 3 clinical trials. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio version 4.1.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing), under a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I<sup>2</sup> statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From Phase 2 clinical trials, pooled efficacy data from studies with CRF1 antagonists resulted in a mean decrease from baseline levels in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) -57.86 %; 95 % CI -71.15 to −44.58 %; I<sup>2</sup> = 0 %), 17-OHP (17-hydroxyprogesterone) (Mean − 40.01 %;95 % CI -66.31 to −13.71 %; I<sup>2</sup> = 66 %) and androstenedione (−39.24 %; 95 % CI -62.77 to −15.70 %; I<sup>2</sup> = 78 %). Overall, 71 % (95 % CI 53.91 % to 85.39 %) of the included patients experienced adverse events of any grade, with no significant difference between drug-type subgroups (<em>P</em> = 0.83). In Phase 3 trials, compared to placebo, CRF1 receptor antagonists resulted in a significant reduction of 17-OHP (MD: −6049.40 ng/dL; 95 % CI: −6665.23 to −5433.58 ng/dL; <em>p</em> < 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 0 %), androstenedione levels (MD: −313.58 ng/dL; 95 % CI: −400.14 to −227.02 ng/dL; p < 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 0 %) and need for glucocorticoid dose reduction (MD: −20.37 %; 95 % CI: −26.73 % to −14.00 %; p < 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 47 %) No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups with respect to treatment emergent adverse effects 1.02 (95 % CI: 0.91 to 1.15; <em>p</em> = 0.72; I<sup>2</sup> = 0 %) or treatment discontinuation 3.28 (95 % CI: 0.41 to 26.51; <em>p</em> = 0.27; I<sup>2</sup> = 0 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CRF1 antagonists, especially Crinecerfont, are promising in the treatment of CAH. Phase 2b and Phase 3 clinical trials of CRF1 antagonists involving Crinecerfont demonstrated consistent results supporting its efficacy and safety. These studies showed significant reductions in ACTH, 17-OHP and androstenedione levels, as well as a decreased need for glucocorticoid doses, with no notable difference in adverse effects compared to placebo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones asprosin and leptin in the onset of depressive symptoms in newly diagnosed prediabetic individuals 探讨脂肪组织源性激素阿泌素和瘦素在新诊断的糖尿病前期个体抑郁症状发作中的作用

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100231

Faize Elif Bahadir , Ozlem Unay Demirel , Melike Yavuz , Ozum Firat , Irem Yogurtcu , Yavuz Govdeli , Yavuz Furuncuoglu

Background

Type 2 diabetes and depression are common chronic conditions that often co-occur, likely driven by complex mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Chronic low-grade inflammation may serve as a shared underlying factor in both conditions. This study aimed to determine whether adipose tissue-derived hormones asprosin and leptin, particularly asprosin, which is associated with inflammatory cytokines in glucose metabolism dysregulation and has not been studied in this context—might influence the onset of depressive symptoms.

Methods

112 participants were recruited from drug-naïve individuals. Blood samples were collected, anthropometric data recorded, the Beck Depression/Anxiety Inventories administered. Adapted questions assessed physical and social activity, as well as sleep habits, to account for environmental factors. After applying the exclusion criteria, participants were divided into prediabetic (n = 32) and normoglycemic groups (n = 30).

Results

In the prediabetic group CRP was elevated (p < 0.001), with a positive correlation between asprosin and leptin (p < 0.001). Asprosin was positively correlated with TNF-α (p = 0.004), IL-6 (p = 0.002), and ESR (p < 0.001), and leptin with TNF-α (p = 0.008) and ESR (p = 0.018) but not with depressive symptoms or anxiety. Depressive symptoms were higher in prediabetic individuals with poor sleep quality.

Conclusion

In groups with similar social and physical activity levels, poor sleep quality was associated with increased depressive symptoms. While asprosin and leptin correlated with higher inflammatory cytokines, they showed no significant association with depression, possibly due to the small sample size and early-stage evaluation. Larger studies are needed to confirm any potential link between these hormones and depression.

背景2型糖尿病和抑郁症是常见的慢性疾病，经常同时发生，可能由尚未完全了解的复杂机制驱动。慢性低度炎症可能是这两种情况的共同潜在因素。本研究旨在确定脂肪组织来源的激素阿泌素和瘦素，特别是与糖代谢失调中的炎症细胞因子相关的阿泌素，是否可能影响抑郁症状的发生，但尚未在此背景下进行研究。方法从drug-naïve中招募112名受试者。采集血液样本，记录人体测量数据，进行贝克抑郁/焦虑量表。适应性问题评估了身体和社会活动，以及睡眠习惯，以解释环境因素。应用排除标准后，将参与者分为糖尿病前期组（n = 32）和血糖正常组（n = 30）。结果糖尿病前期组CRP升高(p <；0.001)，肝球蛋白与瘦素呈正相关(p <；0.001)。Asprosin与TNF-α (p = 0.004)、IL-6 （p = 0.002）、ESR (p <；0.001)，瘦素与TNF-α (p = 0.008)和ESR （p = 0.018）有关，但与抑郁症状或焦虑无关。睡眠质量差的糖尿病前期患者抑郁症状更高。结论在社交和体力活动水平相似的人群中，睡眠质量差与抑郁症状增加有关。虽然asprosin和leptin与较高的炎症细胞因子相关，但它们与抑郁症没有显着关联，可能是由于样本量小和早期评估。需要更大规模的研究来证实这些激素和抑郁症之间的潜在联系。

{"title":"Exploring the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones asprosin and leptin in the onset of depressive symptoms in newly diagnosed prediabetic individuals","authors":"Faize Elif Bahadir , Ozlem Unay Demirel , Melike Yavuz , Ozum Firat , Irem Yogurtcu , Yavuz Govdeli , Yavuz Furuncuoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes and depression are common chronic conditions that often co-occur, likely driven by complex mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Chronic low-grade inflammation may serve as a shared underlying factor in both conditions. This study aimed to determine whether adipose tissue-derived hormones asprosin and leptin, particularly asprosin, which is associated with inflammatory cytokines in glucose metabolism dysregulation and has not been studied in this context—might influence the onset of depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>112 participants were recruited from drug-naïve individuals. Blood samples were collected, anthropometric data recorded, the Beck Depression/Anxiety Inventories administered. Adapted questions assessed physical and social activity, as well as sleep habits, to account for environmental factors. After applying the exclusion criteria, participants were divided into prediabetic (n = 32) and normoglycemic groups (n = 30).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the prediabetic group CRP was elevated (p < 0.001), with a positive correlation between asprosin and leptin (p < 0.001). Asprosin was positively correlated with TNF-α (p = 0.004), IL-6 (p = 0.002), and ESR (p < 0.001), and leptin with TNF-α (p = 0.008) and ESR (p = 0.018) but not with depressive symptoms or anxiety. Depressive symptoms were higher in prediabetic individuals with poor sleep quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In groups with similar social and physical activity levels, poor sleep quality was associated with increased depressive symptoms. While asprosin and leptin correlated with higher inflammatory cytokines, they showed no significant association with depression, possibly due to the small sample size and early-stage evaluation. Larger studies are needed to confirm any potential link between these hormones and depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association between testosterone levels and diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian men with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus 埃及男性1型糖尿病患者睾酮水平与糖尿病肾病的关系

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100233

Mina Michael Nesim, Maram Mohamed Maher Mahdy, Laila Mahmoud Ali Hendawy, Hadeer Osama Abd Eltawab Mohamed, Amr Mahmoud Mohamed Abd El Hady Saleh

Background

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. It can develop in adults and is often onset in childhood.

Objectives

To assess testosterone levels in Egyptian men with type 1 diabetes mellitus with and without nephropathy and identify its correlation with microalbuminuria.

Subjects and methods

This study was a case control study conducted at Diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital. The study was performed on diabetic subjects aging above 20 years old. The study included 120 participants with diabetes divided into 3 groups: 40 cases with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, 40 cases with type 1 diabetes without diabetic nephropathy, 40 healthy males as a control group.

Result

Testosterone levels were higher in patients with T1DM than in healthy controls. Total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy, mean = (653.208 ± 128.810) ng/dl versus (572.104 ± 146.024) ng/dl, p-value<0.01. Sex hormone-binding globulin showed no association with T1DM or diabetic nephropathy, p-value = 0.l.

Conclusion

The current study showed that testosterone levels were higher in participants with T1DM than in healthy controls. Also we found that total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM participants with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy. These results implicate that elevated testosterone levels could be the underlying cause of nephropathy in T1DM patients with nephropathy, and indicate that they may have a degree of androgen resistance for further research.

背景1型糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，其特征是由于胰腺中的β细胞受到自身免疫性破坏而导致机体无法产生胰岛素。研究对象和方法本研究是一项病例对照研究，在艾因夏姆斯大学医院糖尿病门诊进行。研究对象为 20 岁以上的糖尿病患者。研究对象包括 120 名糖尿病患者，分为 3 组：40 名 1 型糖尿病合并糖尿病肾病患者、40 名 1 型糖尿病无糖尿病肾病患者、40 名健康男性作为对照组。有糖尿病肾病的T1DM患者的总睾酮水平明显高于无糖尿病肾病的患者，平均值=（653.208 ± 128.810）ng/dl对（572.104 ± 146.024）ng/dl，P值<0.01。性激素结合球蛋白与 T1DM 或糖尿病肾病没有关联，p 值 = 0.l. 结论本研究表明，T1DM 患者的睾酮水平高于健康对照组。此外，我们还发现，与无糖尿病肾病的患者相比，患有糖尿病肾病的 T1DM 患者的总睾酮水平明显更高。这些结果表明，睾酮水平升高可能是T1DM肾病患者发生肾病的根本原因，并表明他们可能存在一定程度的雄激素抵抗，有待进一步研究。

{"title":"The association between testosterone levels and diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian men with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Mina Michael Nesim, Maram Mohamed Maher Mahdy, Laila Mahmoud Ali Hendawy, Hadeer Osama Abd Eltawab Mohamed, Amr Mahmoud Mohamed Abd El Hady Saleh","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. It can develop in adults and is often onset in childhood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess testosterone levels in Egyptian men with type 1 diabetes mellitus with and without nephropathy and identify its correlation with microalbuminuria.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects and methods</h3><div>This study was a case control study conducted at Diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital. The study was performed on diabetic subjects aging above 20 years old. The study included 120 participants with diabetes divided into 3 groups: 40 cases with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, 40 cases with type 1 diabetes without diabetic nephropathy, 40 healthy males as a control group.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Testosterone levels were higher in patients with T1DM than in healthy controls. Total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy, mean = (653.208 ± 128.810) ng/dl versus (572.104 ± 146.024) ng/dl, p-value<0.01. Sex hormone-binding globulin showed no association with T1DM or diabetic nephropathy, p-value = 0.l.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study showed that testosterone levels were higher in participants with T1DM than in healthy controls. Also we found that total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM participants with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy. These results implicate that elevated testosterone levels could be the underlying cause of nephropathy in T1DM patients with nephropathy, and indicate that they may have a degree of androgen resistance for further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of a novel weight-loss combination product containing orlistat and resveratrol on obesity: A multicenter randomized controlled study (EC-FIT) 奥利司他与白藜芦醇复合减肥药对肥胖的影响：多中心随机对照研究（EC-FIT）

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100218

Khin Maung Win , Tint Swe Latt , Aung Hlaing Bwa , Khin Maung Aye , Kyaw Soe Tun , Hardik Gandhi

Background

Orlistat, a weight loss medication, is often less effective due to poor adherence to the dietary and exercise recommendations. However, its effectiveness is often compromised by poor adherence to recommended lifestyle changes and side effects like steatorrhea. Combining orlistat with resveratrol may enhance weight loss and offer additional metabolic benefits.

Objective

This study evaluated the real-world efficacy and safety of orlistat combined with resveratrol versus orlistat alone in overweight or obese individuals in Myanmar.

Method

Obese adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) were randomized into two groups for a 12-week study. The Orlistat (O) group received orlistat 120 mg three times daily, while the Orlistat & Resveratrol (O-R) group took orlistat 120 mg plus resveratrol 100 mg thrice daily. Primary outcome measured was weight change; secondary outcomes included Total Cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Blood pressure, HbA1c, alanine transaminase (ALT), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), Liver stiffness, and Total Body Fat. Adverse events were also recorded.

Result

The O-R group lost more weight (−3.31 kg, 95 % CI: 2.36–5.04, p < 0.001) than the O group (−2.92 kg, 95 % CI: −2.6442–4.5471, p < 0.001). Additionally, the O-R group showed greater reductions in total body fat (−4.93 %), diastolic blood pressure (78.38 mmHg vs 75.93 mmHg; 95 % CI: 0.4473–4.4707, p < 0.05), and CAP score (276.62 dB/m vs 253.16 dB/m; 95 % CI: 8.46–38.85, p < 0.05). Significant weight loss in the O-R group was observed in obese patients with steatosis (S1–S3) or fibrosis (F2–F4), and in diabetic patients, particularly those with a BMI ≥30 (−2.79 kg vs −1.04 kg, p < 0.05) and steatosis (−2.17 kg vs −0.44 kg, p < 0.05). Steatorrhea occurred in both groups, while diarrhoea was noted only in the O group.

Conclusion

Addition of resveratrol to orlistat provides synergistic benefits to weight loss with additional benefit in terms of reducing total body fat and diastolic BP. These benefits were also apparent in subgroup of patients with diabetes suffering from obesity or steatosis.

Trial registration number: ISRCTN10642495.

背景：由于不遵守饮食和运动建议，减肥药利司他的效果往往较差。然而，它的有效性往往受到不遵守建议的生活方式改变和脂肪漏等副作用的影响。奥利司他与白藜芦醇联合使用可以促进体重减轻，并提供额外的代谢益处。目的本研究评估奥利司他联合白藜芦醇与奥利司他单用在缅甸超重或肥胖人群中的实际疗效和安全性。方法将BMI≥25 kg/m2的成年人随机分为两组，进行为期12周的研究。奥利司他(O)组给予奥利司他120 mg，每日3次；白藜芦醇（O-R）组口服奥利司他120 mg +白藜芦醇100 mg，每日3次。测量的主要结局是体重变化；次要结局包括总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血压、糖化血红蛋白、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、控制衰减参数（CAP）、肝脏僵硬度和体脂总量。不良事件也有记录。结果O-R组体重减轻较多(- 3.31 kg, 95% CI: 2.36-5.04, p <；0.001)比0组(- 2.92 kg, 95% CI: - 2.6442-4.5471, p <；0.001)。此外，O-R组总体脂肪（- 4.93%）、舒张压(78.38 mmHg vs 75.93 mmHg；95% CI: 0.4473-4.4707, p <；0.05)， CAP评分(276.62 dB/m vs 253.16 dB/m；95% CI: 8.46-38.85, p <；0.05)。O-R组在伴有脂肪变性（S1-S3）或纤维化（F2-F4）的肥胖患者和糖尿病患者中观察到显著的体重减轻，特别是BMI≥30的患者(- 2.79 kg vs - 1.04 kg, p <；0.05)和脂肪变性(- 2.17 kg vs - 0.44 kg, p <；0.05)。两组均出现脂肪溢，而仅O组出现腹泻。结论在奥利司他的基础上添加白藜芦醇对减肥有协同作用，在降低体脂和舒张压方面有额外的益处。这些益处在患有肥胖或脂肪变性的糖尿病患者亚组中也很明显。试验注册号：ISRCTN10642495。

{"title":"Effects of a novel weight-loss combination product containing orlistat and resveratrol on obesity: A multicenter randomized controlled study (EC-FIT)","authors":"Khin Maung Win , Tint Swe Latt , Aung Hlaing Bwa , Khin Maung Aye , Kyaw Soe Tun , Hardik Gandhi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Orlistat, a weight loss medication, is often less effective due to poor adherence to the dietary and exercise recommendations. However, its effectiveness is often compromised by poor adherence to recommended lifestyle changes and side effects like steatorrhea. Combining orlistat with resveratrol may enhance weight loss and offer additional metabolic benefits.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the real-world efficacy and safety of orlistat combined with resveratrol versus orlistat alone in overweight or obese individuals in Myanmar.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Obese adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) were randomized into two groups for a 12-week study. The Orlistat (O) group received orlistat 120 mg three times daily, while the Orlistat & Resveratrol (O-R) group took orlistat 120 mg plus resveratrol 100 mg thrice daily. Primary outcome measured was weight change; secondary outcomes included Total Cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Blood pressure, HbA1c, alanine transaminase (ALT), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), Liver stiffness, and Total Body Fat. Adverse events were also recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The O-R group lost more weight (−3.31 kg, 95 % CI: 2.36–5.04, <em>p</em> < 0.001) than the O group (−2.92 kg, 95 % CI: −2.6442–4.5471, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Additionally, the O-R group showed greater reductions in total body fat (−4.93 %), diastolic blood pressure (78.38 mmHg vs 75.93 mmHg; 95 % CI: 0.4473–4.4707, <em>p</em> < 0.05), and CAP score (276.62 dB/m vs 253.16 dB/m; 95 % CI: 8.46–38.85, <em>p</em> < 0.05). Significant weight loss in the O-R group was observed in obese patients with steatosis (S1–S3) or fibrosis (F2–F4), and in diabetic patients, particularly those with a BMI ≥30 (−2.79 kg vs −1.04 kg, <em>p</em> < 0.05) and steatosis (−2.17 kg vs −0.44 kg, <em>p</em> < 0.05). Steatorrhea occurred in both groups, while diarrhoea was noted only in the O group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Addition of resveratrol to orlistat provides synergistic benefits to weight loss with additional benefit in terms of reducing total body fat and diastolic BP. These benefits were also apparent in subgroup of patients with diabetes suffering from obesity or steatosis.</div><div>Trial registration number: ISRCTN10642495.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CtBP: A mediator of a metabolic switch from homeostasis to carcinogenesis CtBP：从体内平衡到致癌的代谢转换的中介

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100208

Saumya Shukla, Raghvendra Singh

The dimeric form of C-terminus binding protein (CtBP), which is responsible for a balanced transcription rate of genes involved in the homeostatic processes, is a global corepressor. CtBP dimerization and formation of the CtBP corepressor complex require NADH. Under a normal NADH/NAD+ ratio, CtBP is in the dimeric form while, when NADH/NAD+ decreases, it converts into a monomeric form. The monomeric form of CtBP inhibits histone acetyltransferase p300, which plays an important role in the packaging of newly replicated and repaired DNA into chromatin by acetylating the histone H3 core domain lysine 56 (H3K56). Further, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric form of CtBP inhibits NFκB, which plays an important role in the innate immune response toward neoantigens. Furthermore, NFκB causes the transcription of IL-6, which is important in the resolution of the innate immune response. Moreover, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric CtBP inhibits p53, the guardian of the genome. Thus, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric form of CtBP may be involved in carcinogenesis when NADH/NAD+ ratio decreases. In contrast, hypoxia increases the NADH/NAD+ ratio, generating the dimeric form of CtBP and relieving the inhibition of p300 by the monomeric CtBP. The higher NADH/NAD+ ratio and p300 activity under hypoxia mask the instability of cancer cells, confer invasive properties, cause COX-2 expression, increase the transactivation activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), and cause drug resistance through NFκB. Thus, p300, regulated by NADH/NAD+ ratio through CtBP, works as a double-edged sword in cancer initiation and progression, respectively.

二聚体形式的c端结合蛋白（CtBP）是一种全局协同抑制因子，它负责平衡参与稳态过程的基因的转录率。CtBP二聚化和CtBP协同抑制复合物的形成需要NADH。在正常NADH/NAD+比例下，CtBP呈二聚体形式，当NADH/NAD+减少时，CtBP转化为单体形式。CtBP的单体形式抑制组蛋白乙酰转移酶p300，该酶通过使组蛋白H3核心结构域赖氨酸56 （H3K56）乙酰化，在将新复制和修复的DNA包装成染色质的过程中发挥重要作用。此外，通过抑制p300，单体形式的CtBP抑制NFκB，这在针对新抗原的先天免疫应答中起重要作用。此外，NFκB引起IL-6的转录，IL-6在先天免疫应答的解决中起重要作用。此外，通过抑制p300，单体CtBP抑制p53，基因组的守护者。因此，通过抑制p300，当NADH/NAD+比值降低时，单体形式的CtBP可能参与了致癌作用。相反，缺氧增加NADH/NAD+比值，产生二聚体形式的CtBP，减轻单体CtBP对p300的抑制作用。低氧条件下较高的NADH/NAD+比值和p300活性掩盖了癌细胞的不稳定性，赋予其侵袭性，引起COX-2表达，增加缺氧诱导因子（HIF）的反激活活性，并通过NFκB引起耐药。因此，通过CtBP受NADH/NAD+比例调节的p300在癌症的发生和发展中分别发挥着双刃剑的作用。

{"title":"CtBP: A mediator of a metabolic switch from homeostasis to carcinogenesis","authors":"Saumya Shukla, Raghvendra Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dimeric form of C-terminus binding protein (CtBP), which is responsible for a balanced transcription rate of genes involved in the homeostatic processes, is a global corepressor. CtBP dimerization and formation of the CtBP corepressor complex require NADH. Under a normal NADH/NAD+ ratio, CtBP is in the dimeric form while, when NADH/NAD+ decreases, it converts into a monomeric form. The monomeric form of CtBP inhibits histone acetyltransferase p300, which plays an important role in the packaging of newly replicated and repaired DNA into chromatin by acetylating the histone H3 core domain lysine 56 (H3K56). Further, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric form of CtBP inhibits NFκB, which plays an important role in the innate immune response toward neoantigens. Furthermore, NFκB causes the transcription of IL-6, which is important in the resolution of the innate immune response. Moreover, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric CtBP inhibits p53, the guardian of the genome. Thus, by inhibiting p300, the monomeric form of CtBP may be involved in carcinogenesis when NADH/NAD+ ratio decreases. In contrast, hypoxia increases the NADH/NAD+ ratio, generating the dimeric form of CtBP and relieving the inhibition of p300 by the monomeric CtBP. The higher NADH/NAD+ ratio and p300 activity under hypoxia mask the instability of cancer cells, confer invasive properties, cause COX-2 expression, increase the transactivation activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), and cause drug resistance through NFκB. Thus, p300, regulated by NADH/NAD+ ratio through CtBP, works as a double-edged sword in cancer initiation and progression, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association between metabolic syndrome and gallstone disease: A cross-sectional study from the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study 代谢综合征与胆结石疾病之间的关系：来自波斯桂兰队列研究的横断面研究

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100221

Hasti Zakeri Fardi , Kourosh Mojtahedi , Saman Maroufizadeh , Farahnaz Joukar , Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei

Background

There has been a concerning increase in the occurrence of gallstone diseases (GSDs) among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the association between MetS and GSDs and related risk factors.

Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,520 participants from the prospective epidemiological research studies of the Iranian adults (PERSIAN) Guilan cohort study (PGCS) population. Demographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory findings were collected. National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP-ATP III) were used to diagnose the MetS. All data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, and a significant level was considered <0.05.

Results

The prevalence of MetS was 41.8 %, with higher rates in females (56.3 %) than males (25.0 %). Also, GSD prevalence was 2.06 %. Abdominal obesity and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly associated with GSDs (P < 0.05). The presence of MetS increased GSD odds by 47 % (P=0.010). A trend of increasing GSD prevalence with the number of MetS components illustrated a significant relationship ranging from 0.56 % (no components) to 3.60 % (all components) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The findings demonstrated that MetS was significantly associated with increased risk of GSDs, of which higher body mass index (BMI), greater waist circumference, and lower HDL level were the most associated risk factors.

背景：在代谢综合征（MetS）患者中，胆结石疾病（GSDs）的发生率有所增加。本研究探讨MetS与GSDs之间的关系及相关危险因素。方法本回顾性横断面研究对来自伊朗成人（波斯）桂兰队列研究（PGCS）人群的前瞻性流行病学研究的10,520名参与者进行了研究。收集了人口统计学和临床特征、人体测量参数和实验室结果。使用国家胆固醇教育计划-成人治疗小组III标准（NCEP-ATP III）诊断MetS。所有数据采用SPSS version 26进行分析，认为显著水平为<；0.05。结果met的患病率为41.8%，女性（56.3%）高于男性（25.0%）。GSD患病率为2.06%。腹部肥胖和低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平与GSDs显著相关(P <；0.05)。MetS的存在使GSD的几率增加了47% （P=0.010）。GSD患病率随MetS成分数量的增加呈上升趋势，其显著关系范围为0.56%（无成分）至3.60%（所有成分）(P <；0.001)。结论MetS与gsd发生风险显著相关，其中BMI、腰围和HDL水平降低是与gsd发生风险最相关的因素。

{"title":"The association between metabolic syndrome and gallstone disease: A cross-sectional study from the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study","authors":"Hasti Zakeri Fardi , Kourosh Mojtahedi , Saman Maroufizadeh , Farahnaz Joukar , Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There has been a concerning increase in the occurrence of gallstone diseases (GSDs) among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the association between MetS and GSDs and related risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,520 participants from the prospective epidemiological research studies of the Iranian adults (PERSIAN) Guilan cohort study (PGCS) population. Demographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory findings were collected. National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP-ATP III) were used to diagnose the MetS. All data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, and a significant level was considered <0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of MetS was 41.8 %, with higher rates in females (56.3 %) than males (25.0 %). Also, GSD prevalence was 2.06 %. Abdominal obesity and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly associated with GSDs (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The presence of MetS increased GSD odds by 47 % (<em>P=</em>0.010). A trend of increasing GSD prevalence with the number of MetS components illustrated a significant relationship ranging from 0.56 % (no components) to 3.60 % (all components) (<em>P</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings demonstrated that MetS was significantly associated with increased risk of GSDs, of which higher body mass index (BMI), greater waist circumference, and lower HDL level were the most associated risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) exposure induced oxidative stress and disrupted testicular hormonal regulation, exacerbating reproductive dysfunction in male WISTAR rats 味精暴露诱导氧化应激和睾丸激素调节紊乱，加剧雄性WISTAR大鼠的生殖功能障碍

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100226

Adesua Emmanuel Ogunmokunwa, Babatunde Oluwaseun Ibitoye

Background

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common food additive linked to various health concerns, including potential reproductive toxicity.

Objective

To investigate the effects of chronic, low-dose MSG on testicular hormones and oxidative stress biomarkers in adult male Wistar rats.

Methods

Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 6 per group). The control group received distilled water, while the experimental groups were orally administered MSG at 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg body weight for 65 days. Hormonal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone were measured using ELISA. Testicular oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were assessed.

Results

MSG caused a dose-dependent decrease in LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, with the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) exhibiting the most significant reductions. MDA levels increased proportionally with MSG dosage, indicating heightened oxidative stress. Conversely, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx) were significantly diminished, reflecting impaired antioxidant defences.

Conclusion

Chronic MSG exposure disrupts hormonal regulation and induces oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, potentially impairing male reproductive health. These findings underscore the need for further studies on the long-term reproductive effects of MSG and possible protective interventions.

味精（MSG）是一种常见的食品添加剂，与各种健康问题有关，包括潜在的生殖毒性。目的探讨慢性低剂量味精对成年雄性Wistar大鼠睾丸激素及氧化应激生物标志物的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠30只，随机分为5组，每组6只。对照组饲喂蒸馏水，试验组分别按30、100、300、1000 mg/kg体重口服味精，连续65 d。采用ELISA法测定促黄体生成素（LH）、促卵泡激素（FSH）、睾酮水平。评估睾丸氧化应激标志物，包括丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）。结果smsg引起LH、FSH和睾酮水平呈剂量依赖性降低，最高剂量（1000 mg/kg）降低最显著。丙二醛水平随味精剂量成比例增加，表明氧化应激升高。相反，抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、GSH、GPx）活性显著降低，反映出抗氧化防御能力受损。结论慢性味精暴露破坏激素调节，诱导氧化应激，并呈剂量依赖性，可能损害男性生殖健康。这些发现强调需要进一步研究味精的长期生殖影响和可能的保护性干预措施。

{"title":"Monosodium glutamate (MSG) exposure induced oxidative stress and disrupted testicular hormonal regulation, exacerbating reproductive dysfunction in male WISTAR rats","authors":"Adesua Emmanuel Ogunmokunwa, Babatunde Oluwaseun Ibitoye","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common food additive linked to various health concerns, including potential reproductive toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the effects of chronic, low-dose MSG on testicular hormones and oxidative stress biomarkers in adult male Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (<em>n</em> = 6 per group). The control group received distilled water, while the experimental groups were orally administered MSG at 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg body weight for 65 days. Hormonal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone were measured using ELISA. Testicular oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MSG caused a dose-dependent decrease in LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, with the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) exhibiting the most significant reductions. MDA levels increased proportionally with MSG dosage, indicating heightened oxidative stress. Conversely, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx) were significantly diminished, reflecting impaired antioxidant defences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Chronic MSG exposure disrupts hormonal regulation and induces oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, potentially impairing male reproductive health. These findings underscore the need for further studies on the long-term reproductive effects of MSG and possible protective interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlation between abdominal obesity and hyperuricaemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case–control study 2型糖尿病患者腹部肥胖与高尿酸血症的相关性：一项病例对照研究

Q3 Medicine

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100216

Ruihao Liu , Yuanyuan Zhang , Zhiming Hu , Huijian Deng

Background

Obesity is associated with hyperuricaemia in the general population; however, that relationship has not been studied in detail in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), nor has the possibility of sex differences in that relationship been investigated.

Methods

A retrospective case–control study was conducted. We explored the correlation between abdominal obesity and hyperuricaemia among 315 Chinese patients with T2DM aged 27–64 years who had received community health services between January 2021 and August 2022. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference ≥ 85.0 cm in females and ≥ 90.0 cm in males. Hyperuricaemia was defined as a serum uric acid level > 7.0 mg/dL in males and postmenopausal females, > 6.0 mg/dL in premenopausal females, or receiving medical treatment for hyperuricaemia. The male and female groups were each separately divided into two additional groups: those with abdominal obesity and those without abdominal obesity. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of hyperuricaemia were calculated using a logistic regression model.

Results

The prevalence of hyperuricaemia in male and female patients in the study area was 42.86 % and 28.00 %, respectively. Abdominal obesity (OR = 3.369, 95 % CI = 1.031–11.009, P value <0.05) was the determinant variable for hyperuricaemia among male patients with T2DM but not among female patients. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hyperuricaemia between male or female T2DM patients with different body mass index (BMI) levels.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that abdominal obesity, but not overall obesity, was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricaemia in male patients with T2DM. Neither abdominal obesity nor overall obesity was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricaemia in female patients with T2DM. Abdominal obesity is a more effective predictor of hyperuricaemia than overall obesity is in male patients with T2DM.

背景：在一般人群中，肥胖与高尿酸血症相关；然而，这种关系尚未在2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中进行详细研究，也没有调查这种关系中性别差异的可能性。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究。我们探讨了315名27-64岁的中国T2DM患者腹部肥胖与高尿酸血症的相关性，这些患者在2021年1月至2022年8月期间接受了社区卫生服务。腹部肥胖定义为女性腰围≥85.0 cm，男性腰围≥90.0 cm。高尿酸血症被定义为血清尿酸水平[gt；7.0 mg/dL男性和绝经后女性，>；绝经前女性6.0 mg/dL，或接受高尿酸血症药物治疗。男性和女性分别被分成另外两组：腹部肥胖组和非腹部肥胖组。使用逻辑回归模型计算高尿酸血症风险的优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。结果研究区高尿酸血症男、女患病率分别为42.86%和28.00%。腹部肥胖（OR = 3.369, 95% CI = 1.031-11.009， P值<；0.05）是男性T2DM患者高尿酸血症的决定变量，而非女性T2DM患者。不同体重指数（BMI）水平的男性和女性2型糖尿病患者的高尿酸血症患病率无显著差异。一项研究表明，腹部肥胖与男性2型糖尿病患者高尿酸血症的风险增加有关，而不是整体肥胖。在女性T2DM患者中，腹部肥胖和整体肥胖均与高尿酸血症风险增加无关。在男性2型糖尿病患者中，腹部肥胖比整体肥胖更能有效地预测高尿酸血症。

{"title":"Correlation between abdominal obesity and hyperuricaemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case–control study","authors":"Ruihao Liu , Yuanyuan Zhang , Zhiming Hu , Huijian Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is associated with hyperuricaemia in the general population; however, that relationship has not been studied in detail in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), nor has the possibility of sex differences in that relationship been investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective case–control study was conducted. We explored the correlation between abdominal obesity and hyperuricaemia among 315 Chinese patients with T2DM aged 27–64 years who had received community health services between January 2021 and August 2022. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference ≥ 85.0 cm in females and ≥ 90.0 cm in males. Hyperuricaemia was defined as a serum uric acid level > 7.0 mg/dL in males and postmenopausal females, > 6.0 mg/dL in premenopausal females, or receiving medical treatment for hyperuricaemia. The male and female groups were each separately divided into two additional groups: those with abdominal obesity and those without abdominal obesity. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of hyperuricaemia were calculated using a logistic regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of hyperuricaemia in male and female patients in the study area was 42.86 % and 28.00 %, respectively. Abdominal obesity (<em>OR</em> = 3.369, <em>95</em> <em>% CI</em> = 1.031–11.009, <em>P</em> value <0.05) was the determinant variable for hyperuricaemia among male patients with T2DM but not among female patients. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hyperuricaemia between male or female T2DM patients with different body mass index (BMI) levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study revealed that abdominal obesity, but not overall obesity, was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricaemia in male patients with T2DM. Neither abdominal obesity nor overall obesity was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricaemia in female patients with T2DM. Abdominal obesity is a more effective predictor of hyperuricaemia than overall obesity is in male patients with T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0