Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent reproductive disease influencing 4–20 % of women, often resulting in delayed diagnosis and correlated metabolic issues such as obesity and insulin resistance, impacting their quality of life. Diagnosis is guided according to the Rotterdam criteria, oligo-anovulation, polycystic ovary morphology, and incorporating hyperandrogenism, with Anti-Müllerian hormone as an indicator for ovary morphology. PCOS management necessitates a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, weight loss strategies, dietary adjustments, and pharmacological interventions. Lifestyle interventions, comprising exercise regimens, dietary modifications, and behavioral strategies, exhibit the potential to enhance metabolic health among PCOS patients. While no singular diet or exercise regimen emerges as superior, the Mediterranean and ketogenic diets have demonstrated favorable effects. Pharmacological interventions, such as combined oral contraceptives, metformin, and clomiphene citrate, assume pivotal roles in regulating menstrual cycles and mitigating hyperandrogenism symptoms. Personalized approaches, tailored to individual responses, are imperative for optimizing outcomes in the management of PCOS.
{"title":"The last update on polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), diagnosis criteria, and novel treatment","authors":"Arghavan Ghafari , Malihe Maftoohi , Mohammadamin Eslami Samarin , Sepideh Barani , Majid Banimohammad , Reza Samie","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent reproductive disease influencing 4–20 % of women, often resulting in delayed diagnosis and correlated metabolic issues such as obesity and insulin resistance, impacting their quality of life. Diagnosis is guided according to the Rotterdam criteria, oligo-anovulation, polycystic ovary morphology, and incorporating hyperandrogenism, with Anti-Müllerian hormone as an indicator for ovary morphology. PCOS management necessitates a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, weight loss strategies, dietary adjustments, and pharmacological interventions. Lifestyle interventions, comprising exercise regimens, dietary modifications, and behavioral strategies, exhibit the potential to enhance metabolic health among PCOS patients. While no singular diet or exercise regimen emerges as superior, the Mediterranean and ketogenic diets have demonstrated favorable effects. Pharmacological interventions, such as combined oral contraceptives, metformin, and clomiphene citrate, assume pivotal roles in regulating menstrual cycles and mitigating hyperandrogenism symptoms. Personalized approaches, tailored to individual responses, are imperative for optimizing outcomes in the management of PCOS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100227
Jérôme Gedikondele Sokolo , Aliocha Natuhoyila Nkodila , Gabriel Mabwaka Lema , Richard Nzanza Matanda , Pius Zakayi Kabututu , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
Background
The assessment of hearing function in human life is important, because good hearing is important for social participation and inclusion in employment and education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of metabolic syndrome in the occurrence of hearing disorders in patients followed in hospitals in Kinshasa.
Methods
This was an analytical cross-sectional study that included 400 patients consulted in 7 hospitals in the city province of Kinshasa during the period from January 2005 to September 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and discriminant analysis were used as a basis to document the factors associated with hearing disorders in the study population; and the statistical significance threshold was p < 5 %.
Results
The frequency of hearing loss was 40.1 % in patients with metabolic syndrome. Risk factors identified for the occurrence of hearing loss in patients with metabolic syndrome were age ≥ 60 years (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.37–5.42), waist circumference > 85 cm (Female) or > 94 cm (Male) (aOR: 2.65 95 % CI: 1.37–3.72); blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL (aOR: 2.86 95 % CI: 1.32–6.17), BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.89–3.32) and in patients with insulinemia >10 IU/L (aOR: 3.37 95 % CI: 1.47–7.76).
Conclusion
The frequency of hearing loss is high in the population studied. The components of the metabolic syndrome were identified as independent determinants of hearing loss.
{"title":"Influence of metabolic syndrome in the occurrence of hearing disorders in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Jérôme Gedikondele Sokolo , Aliocha Natuhoyila Nkodila , Gabriel Mabwaka Lema , Richard Nzanza Matanda , Pius Zakayi Kabututu , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The assessment of hearing function in human life is important, because good hearing is important for social participation and inclusion in employment and education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of metabolic syndrome in the occurrence of hearing disorders in patients followed in hospitals in Kinshasa.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was an analytical cross-sectional study that included 400 patients consulted in 7 hospitals in the city province of Kinshasa during the period from January 2005 to September 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and discriminant analysis were used as a basis to document the factors associated with hearing disorders in the study population; and the statistical significance threshold was <em>p</em> < 5 %.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The frequency of hearing loss was 40.1 % in patients with metabolic syndrome. Risk factors identified for the occurrence of hearing loss in patients with metabolic syndrome were age ≥ 60 years (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.37–5.42), waist circumference > 85 cm (Female) or > 94 cm (Male) (aOR: 2.65 95 % CI: 1.37–3.72); blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL (aOR: 2.86 95 % CI: 1.32–6.17), BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.89–3.32) and in patients with insulinemia >10 IU/L (aOR: 3.37 95 % CI: 1.47–7.76).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The frequency of hearing loss is high in the population studied. The components of the metabolic syndrome were identified as independent determinants of hearing loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100225
Juan Bravo-Benítez , María E. Rivera-Castro , Cesar F. Pastelín , Ithayetsi Sarmiento , Amayrani Hernández , Alfonso Díaz , Carolina Morán
The autonomic nerves in the mammalian ovary are responsible for transmitting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and acetylcholine, among others. Interestingly, some ovarian innervation becomes more active toward the end of life. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of adrenergic (A1R) and muscarinic (M1R) receptors in adult and senescent female rats. Female rats were divided into three groups according to age: young adults aged 3 to 5 months (3M), middle-aged rats aged 12 months (12M), and senescent rats aged 15 months (15M). Primary antibodies targeting the α1-adrenergic receptor, μ1-muscarinic receptor, 17β-estradiol receptor (ER), and α1-progesterone receptor (PR) were used. Immunoreactivity analysis covered the ovarian stroma and cells around functional structures such as the corpus luteum, ovarian cysts, and follicles. Both receptor antibodies stained these structures, but the noradrenergic binding was three times more abundant than cholinergic binding. The number of immunoreactive cells expressing the A1R/ER combination was significantly increased in 12M rats, principally around follicles or cysts. M1R/PR staining was similarly increased in the 12M group, but the principal signal source was the stroma cells. The autonomic nervous system appears to participate in the loss of function of these structures with age in the rat ovary.
{"title":"Distribution of norepinephrine and acetylcholine receptors in ovarian structures across reproductive and senescent phases in rats","authors":"Juan Bravo-Benítez , María E. Rivera-Castro , Cesar F. Pastelín , Ithayetsi Sarmiento , Amayrani Hernández , Alfonso Díaz , Carolina Morán","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The autonomic nerves in the mammalian ovary are responsible for transmitting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and acetylcholine, among others. Interestingly, some ovarian innervation becomes more active toward the end of life. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of adrenergic (A1R) and muscarinic (M1R) receptors in adult and senescent female rats. Female rats were divided into three groups according to age: young adults aged 3 to 5 months (3M), middle-aged rats aged 12 months (12M), and senescent rats aged 15 months (15M). Primary antibodies targeting the α1-adrenergic receptor, μ1-muscarinic receptor, 17β-estradiol receptor (ER), and α1-progesterone receptor (PR) were used. Immunoreactivity analysis covered the ovarian stroma and cells around functional structures such as the corpus luteum, ovarian cysts, and follicles. Both receptor antibodies stained these structures, but the noradrenergic binding was three times more abundant than cholinergic binding. The number of immunoreactive cells expressing the A1R/ER combination was significantly increased in 12M rats, principally around follicles or cysts. M1R/PR staining was similarly increased in the 12M group, but the principal signal source was the stroma cells. The autonomic nervous system appears to participate in the loss of function of these structures with age in the rat ovary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common food additive linked to various health concerns, including potential reproductive toxicity.
Objective
To investigate the effects of chronic, low-dose MSG on testicular hormones and oxidative stress biomarkers in adult male Wistar rats.
Methods
Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 6 per group). The control group received distilled water, while the experimental groups were orally administered MSG at 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg body weight for 65 days. Hormonal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone were measured using ELISA. Testicular oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were assessed.
Results
MSG caused a dose-dependent decrease in LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, with the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) exhibiting the most significant reductions. MDA levels increased proportionally with MSG dosage, indicating heightened oxidative stress. Conversely, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx) were significantly diminished, reflecting impaired antioxidant defences.
Conclusion
Chronic MSG exposure disrupts hormonal regulation and induces oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, potentially impairing male reproductive health. These findings underscore the need for further studies on the long-term reproductive effects of MSG and possible protective interventions.
{"title":"Monosodium glutamate (MSG) exposure induced oxidative stress and disrupted testicular hormonal regulation, exacerbating reproductive dysfunction in male WISTAR rats","authors":"Adesua Emmanuel Ogunmokunwa, Babatunde Oluwaseun Ibitoye","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common food additive linked to various health concerns, including potential reproductive toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the effects of chronic, low-dose MSG on testicular hormones and oxidative stress biomarkers in adult male Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (<em>n</em> = 6 per group). The control group received distilled water, while the experimental groups were orally administered MSG at 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg body weight for 65 days. Hormonal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone were measured using ELISA. Testicular oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MSG caused a dose-dependent decrease in LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, with the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) exhibiting the most significant reductions. MDA levels increased proportionally with MSG dosage, indicating heightened oxidative stress. Conversely, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx) were significantly diminished, reflecting impaired antioxidant defences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Chronic MSG exposure disrupts hormonal regulation and induces oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, potentially impairing male reproductive health. These findings underscore the need for further studies on the long-term reproductive effects of MSG and possible protective interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100223
Tessa N.A. Slagboom , David de Jong , Peter H. Bisschop , Madeleine L. Drent
Purpose
Given the ongoing need to reduce the delay in diagnosis of acromegaly, the aim of the current study was to develop a screening algorithm that: finds as many patients as possible who have already been diagnosed with acromegaly (=sensitivity), while identifying a limited number of additional patients who are at risk for acromegaly as a proxy for specificity.
Methods
CTcue data mining software (version 4.7, IQVIA Inc., USA) was used to develop a screening algorithm. Data were extracted from the electronic health records of a tertiary centre. Multiple sources (literature review, real-world evidence and expert opinion) were used to identify predictors such as clinical manifestations, comorbidities and frequently consulted specialists, for inclusion in the algorithm. Based on different combinations of predictors, several exploratory search strategies were constructed in CTcue and algorithms with the highest sensitivity were further adapted.
Results
A total of 68 predictors were identified and grouped into 5 categories. After exploratory analysis and fine-tuning, an algorithm combining pathognomonic changes in clinical appearance with manifestations considered by medical experts to be most characteristic of acromegaly (hyperhidrosis, sleep apnoea, arthralgia, headache and type 2 diabetes mellitus) detected 48/90 of patients with previously diagnosed acromegaly, while identifying an additional 1844/1,7 million of possible at-risk patients.
Conclusion
We found that our best algorithm led to the detection of more than half of patients with previously diagnosed acromegaly. The same algorithm identified 0.1 % of the hospital population as potentially having acromegaly, which is approximately 10 times higher than the estimated worldwide prevalence. These results seem promising but need further improvement and validation.
鉴于持续需要减少肢端肥大症的诊断延迟，本研究的目的是开发一种筛选算法：发现尽可能多的已经诊断为肢端肥大症的患者（=敏感性），同时识别有限数量的额外有肢端肥大症风险的患者作为特异性的代理。方法采用sctcue数据挖掘软件（美国IQVIA Inc. 4.7版）开发筛选算法。数据取自一家三级医疗中心的电子健康记录。多种来源（文献综述、真实世界证据和专家意见）用于确定临床表现、合并症和经常咨询专家等预测因素，以便纳入算法。基于不同的预测因子组合，在CTcue中构建了几种探索性搜索策略，并进一步调整了灵敏度最高的算法。结果共识别出68个预测因子，并将其分为5类。经过探索性分析和微调，将临床表现的病理变化与医学专家认为最具肢端肥大症特征的表现（多汗症、睡眠呼吸暂停、关节痛、头痛和2型糖尿病）相结合的算法检测出48/90先前诊断的肢端肥大症患者，同时识别出另外1844/ 170万可能的高危患者。结论我们发现，我们的最佳算法可以检测出超过一半的先前诊断为肢端肥大症的患者。同样的算法确定0.1%的医院人口可能患有肢端肥大症，这比估计的全球患病率高出约10倍。这些结果似乎很有希望，但需要进一步改进和验证。
{"title":"Acromegaly: Is earlier diagnosis possible? Exploration of a screening algorithm to select high-risk patients","authors":"Tessa N.A. Slagboom , David de Jong , Peter H. Bisschop , Madeleine L. Drent","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Given the ongoing need to reduce the delay in diagnosis of acromegaly, the aim of the current study was to develop a screening algorithm that: finds as many patients as possible who have already been diagnosed with acromegaly (=sensitivity), while identifying a limited number of additional patients who are at risk for acromegaly as a proxy for specificity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CTcue data mining software (version 4.7, IQVIA Inc., USA) was used to develop a screening algorithm. Data were extracted from the electronic health records of a tertiary centre. Multiple sources (literature review, real-world evidence and expert opinion) were used to identify predictors such as clinical manifestations, comorbidities and frequently consulted specialists, for inclusion in the algorithm. Based on different combinations of predictors, several exploratory search strategies were constructed in CTcue and algorithms with the highest sensitivity were further adapted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 68 predictors were identified and grouped into 5 categories. After exploratory analysis and fine-tuning, an algorithm combining pathognomonic changes in clinical appearance with manifestations considered by medical experts to be most characteristic of acromegaly (hyperhidrosis, sleep apnoea, arthralgia, headache and type 2 diabetes mellitus) detected 48/90 of patients with previously diagnosed acromegaly, while identifying an additional 1844/1,7 million of possible at-risk patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found that our best algorithm led to the detection of more than half of patients with previously diagnosed acromegaly. The same algorithm identified 0.1 % of the hospital population as potentially having acromegaly, which is approximately 10 times higher than the estimated worldwide prevalence. These results seem promising but need further improvement and validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affected > or = 500 million people in 2021. Diabetic ketoacidosis is the most serious acute complication. Because of the significant health burden of diabetic ketoacidosis, we performed a retrospective study on the recovery time and predictors among adult diabetic mellitus patients in selected public hospitals in Southern Oromia in Ethiopia.
Methods
A retrospective follow-up study was conducted of 316 randomly selected adult diabetic ketoacidosis patients admitted between January 1, 2020, and July 31, 2023. A structured checklist was utilized. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed with STATA version 17, employing Kaplan-Meier survival curves, log-rank tests, and Cox-proportional hazards models to identify predictors. Results from bivariable and multivariable Cox-regression were reported via adjusted hazard ratio with 95 % confidence intervals.
Results
This study included 316 participants, with 256 adults (81.01 %) recovering throughout the follow-up period. The overall DKA recovery rate was 23.8 per 1000 person-hours (95 % CI: 22.21–27.07), and the median recovery time was 42 hr. Significant predictors of recovery time included random blood glucose level [AHR (95 % CI): 0.58 (0.38–0.90)], duration of diabetes mellitus [AHR (95 % CI): 0.24 (0.14–0.69)], and severity of DKA [AHR (95 % CI): 0.46 (0.16–0.84)].
Conclusion
The median DKA recovery time was prolonged, increasing the risk of complications. Blood glucose level, diabetes duration, and DKA severity were predictors of recovery time. Therefore, targeting these factors through research and interventions may improve outcomes and reduce DKA recovery duration.
{"title":"Retrospective clinical analysis of time to recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis in Ethiopia","authors":"Angefa Ayele , Dube Jara , Alo Edin , Digafe Hailu , Mihiret Kifle , Yohannes Fekadu","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affected > or = 500 million people in 2021. Diabetic ketoacidosis is the most serious acute complication. Because of the significant health burden of diabetic ketoacidosis, we performed a retrospective study on the recovery time and predictors among adult diabetic mellitus patients in selected public hospitals in Southern Oromia in Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective follow-up study was conducted of 316 randomly selected adult diabetic ketoacidosis patients admitted between January 1, 2020, and July 31, 2023. A structured checklist was utilized. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed with STATA version 17, employing Kaplan-Meier survival curves, log-rank tests, and Cox-proportional hazards models to identify predictors. Results from bivariable and multivariable Cox-regression were reported via adjusted hazard ratio with 95 % confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study included 316 participants, with 256 adults (81.01 %) recovering throughout the follow-up period. The overall DKA recovery rate was 23.8 per 1000 person-hours (95 % CI: 22.21–27.07), and the median recovery time was 42 hr. Significant predictors of recovery time included random blood glucose level [AHR (95 % CI): 0.58 (0.38–0.90)], duration of diabetes mellitus [AHR (95 % CI): 0.24 (0.14–0.69)], and severity of DKA [AHR (95 % CI): 0.46 (0.16–0.84)].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The median DKA recovery time was prolonged, increasing the risk of complications. Blood glucose level, diabetes duration, and DKA severity were predictors of recovery time. Therefore, targeting these factors through research and interventions may improve outcomes and reduce DKA recovery duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100222
Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce , Fiorella E. Zuzunaga-Montoya , Luisa Erika Milagros Vásquez-Romero , Joan A. Loayza-Castro , Nataly Mayely Sanchez-Tamay , Carmen Inés Gutierrez De Carrillo
Objective
Given the significant increase in diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence and its associated complications in recent decades, this study aimed to explore the determinant factors and geographical distribution of comorbidities and their number in patients with diabetes in Peru.
Methods
Cross-sectional study based on a database providing detailed demographic and clinical information on DM patients affiliated with the Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) in Peru. The dependent variables in this study are twofold: the type of comorbidities present in DM patients and the number of comorbidities they have. Comorbidities were categorized into three groups: DM with obesity/dyslipidemia, DM with hypertension, and DM with mental health disorders. The number of comorbidities was classified as none, one, two, or three comorbidities.
Results
A total of 1,355,354 patients were included. Male patients, older individuals, and those with a longer time since diagnosis have different probabilities of presenting the comorbidities and a higher number of them. Additionally, the geospatial analysis showed apparent regional variations in the prevalence and number of comorbidities, highlighting the influence of environmental and socioeconomic factors and access to healthcare services.
Conclusions
This study identified significant demographic and clinical factors associated with comorbidities in patients with DM in Peru. These findings showed the need for personalized, region-specific diabetes management. Therefore, public health policies should adapt to meet the needs of different regions and groups. Improving healthcare access is crucial, especially where comorbidity prevalence is high. Further education programs must address diet and exercise comorbidities, focusing on vulnerable people.
目的：鉴于近几十年来糖尿病（DM）患病率及其相关并发症的显著增加，本研究旨在探讨秘鲁糖尿病患者合并症的决定因素、地理分布及其数量。方法基于一个数据库的横断面研究，该数据库提供了秘鲁Seguro Integral de Salud （SIS）附属糖尿病患者的详细人口统计学和临床信息。本研究的因变量是双重的：糖尿病患者存在的合并症的类型和合并症的数量。合并症分为三组：糖尿病合并肥胖/血脂异常、糖尿病合并高血压和糖尿病合并精神健康障碍。合并症的数量分为无、一、二或三种合并症。结果共纳入1355354例患者。男性患者、老年人和诊断时间较长的患者出现合并症的概率不同，且数量较多。此外，地理空间分析显示，合并症的患病率和数量存在明显的区域差异，突出了环境和社会经济因素以及获得医疗保健服务的影响。结论：本研究确定了与秘鲁糖尿病患者合并症相关的重要人口统计学和临床因素。这些发现表明需要个性化的、针对特定地区的糖尿病管理。因此，公共卫生政策应适应不同区域和群体的需要。改善卫生保健获取至关重要，特别是在合并症患病率高的地方。进一步的教育项目必须解决饮食和运动的并发症，重点关注弱势群体。
{"title":"Geospatial analysis and determinant factors of comorbidity presence in patients with diabetes in Peru","authors":"Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce , Fiorella E. Zuzunaga-Montoya , Luisa Erika Milagros Vásquez-Romero , Joan A. Loayza-Castro , Nataly Mayely Sanchez-Tamay , Carmen Inés Gutierrez De Carrillo","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Given the significant increase in diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence and its associated complications in recent decades, this study aimed to explore the determinant factors and geographical distribution of comorbidities and their number in patients with diabetes in Peru.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study based on a database providing detailed demographic and clinical information on DM patients affiliated with the Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) in Peru. The dependent variables in this study are twofold: the type of comorbidities present in DM patients and the number of comorbidities they have. Comorbidities were categorized into three groups: DM with obesity/dyslipidemia, DM with hypertension, and DM with mental health disorders. The number of comorbidities was classified as none, one, two, or three comorbidities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,355,354 patients were included. Male patients, older individuals, and those with a longer time since diagnosis have different probabilities of presenting the comorbidities and a higher number of them. Additionally, the geospatial analysis showed apparent regional variations in the prevalence and number of comorbidities, highlighting the influence of environmental and socioeconomic factors and access to healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identified significant demographic and clinical factors associated with comorbidities in patients with DM in Peru. These findings showed the need for personalized, region-specific diabetes management. Therefore, public health policies should adapt to meet the needs of different regions and groups. Improving healthcare access is crucial, especially where comorbidity prevalence is high. Further education programs must address diet and exercise comorbidities, focusing on vulnerable people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There has been a concerning increase in the occurrence of gallstone diseases (GSDs) among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the association between MetS and GSDs and related risk factors.
Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,520 participants from the prospective epidemiological research studies of the Iranian adults (PERSIAN) Guilan cohort study (PGCS) population. Demographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory findings were collected. National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP-ATP III) were used to diagnose the MetS. All data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, and a significant level was considered <0.05.
Results
The prevalence of MetS was 41.8 %, with higher rates in females (56.3 %) than males (25.0 %). Also, GSD prevalence was 2.06 %. Abdominal obesity and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly associated with GSDs (P < 0.05). The presence of MetS increased GSD odds by 47 % (P=0.010). A trend of increasing GSD prevalence with the number of MetS components illustrated a significant relationship ranging from 0.56 % (no components) to 3.60 % (all components) (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The findings demonstrated that MetS was significantly associated with increased risk of GSDs, of which higher body mass index (BMI), greater waist circumference, and lower HDL level were the most associated risk factors.
背景：在代谢综合征（MetS）患者中，胆结石疾病（GSDs）的发生率有所增加。本研究探讨MetS与GSDs之间的关系及相关危险因素。方法本回顾性横断面研究对来自伊朗成人（波斯）桂兰队列研究（PGCS）人群的前瞻性流行病学研究的10,520名参与者进行了研究。收集了人口统计学和临床特征、人体测量参数和实验室结果。使用国家胆固醇教育计划-成人治疗小组III标准（NCEP-ATP III）诊断MetS。所有数据采用SPSS version 26进行分析，认为显著水平为<；0.05。结果met的患病率为41.8%，女性（56.3%）高于男性（25.0%）。GSD患病率为2.06%。腹部肥胖和低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平与GSDs显著相关(P <；0.05)。MetS的存在使GSD的几率增加了47% （P=0.010）。GSD患病率随MetS成分数量的增加呈上升趋势，其显著关系范围为0.56%（无成分）至3.60%（所有成分）(P <；0.001)。结论MetS与gsd发生风险显著相关，其中BMI、腰围和HDL水平降低是与gsd发生风险最相关的因素。
{"title":"The association between metabolic syndrome and gallstone disease: A cross-sectional study from the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study","authors":"Hasti Zakeri Fardi , Kourosh Mojtahedi , Saman Maroufizadeh , Farahnaz Joukar , Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There has been a concerning increase in the occurrence of gallstone diseases (GSDs) among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the association between MetS and GSDs and related risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,520 participants from the prospective epidemiological research studies of the Iranian adults (PERSIAN) Guilan cohort study (PGCS) population. Demographic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory findings were collected. National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP-ATP III) were used to diagnose the MetS. All data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, and a significant level was considered <0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of MetS was 41.8 %, with higher rates in females (56.3 %) than males (25.0 %). Also, GSD prevalence was 2.06 %. Abdominal obesity and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly associated with GSDs (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The presence of MetS increased GSD odds by 47 % (<em>P=</em>0.010). A trend of increasing GSD prevalence with the number of MetS components illustrated a significant relationship ranging from 0.56 % (no components) to 3.60 % (all components) (<em>P</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings demonstrated that MetS was significantly associated with increased risk of GSDs, of which higher body mass index (BMI), greater waist circumference, and lower HDL level were the most associated risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100220
Jiaxin Yan , Fanxin Deng , Xueli Wang , Jing Wei , Yang Cao , Kaili Deng , Xiaolin Chen , Lei Shu , Lei Shi , Mingjing Wu , Ganzhu Feng
Background
Bronchiectasis (BE) is a chronic respiratory disease. Acute BE exacerbation caused by recurrent infections can lead to hemoptysis and even asphyxia, with high mortality and long hospitalization. This study aimed to identify novel diagnostic metabolic biomarkers for predicting acute exacerbation and severity of BE.
Methods
A liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)-based untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed for serum samples from 45 patients with acute BE exacerbation and 15 healthy controls. The diagnostic value of the candidate metabolites was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results
Based on bronchiectasis severity index (BSI) scores, patients with acute BE exacerbation were classified into mild, moderate, and severe BE groups. Compared to healthy controls, the abundance of 4-acetamidobutyric acid was elevated in the mild, moderate, and severe groups (p < 0.05), with no significant difference among the three groups. In the severe BE group, the abundances of taurochenodecoxycholic acid, oleamide, hexadecanamide, and glycodeoxycholic acid were significantly elevated from those in mild and moderate BE groups (p < 0.05), with Youden index (YI) ≥ 0.8 for all metabolites; the combination of these 4 metabolites had an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.99, a sensitivity of 100 % and a specificity of 93.3 % for identifying severe BE. Pathway analysis reveals that abnormally enriched metabolites in BE patients are associated with PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, renin-angiotensin system signaling pathway, asthma signaling pathway, and FcεRI signaling pathway, where prostaglandin D2 exerts direct or indirect impacts on these pathways.
Conclusion
4-Acetamidobutyric acid can serve as a biomarker for predicting acute BE exacerbation, while taurochenodecoxycholic acid, oleamide, hexadecanamide, and glycodeoxycholic acid are robust biomarkers for predicting severe BE. Prostaglandin D2 plays a crucial role in promoting the pathogenesis of pulmonary inflammatory cell recruitment, cell autophagy, and pulmonary fibrosis during acute BE exacerbation. Overall, this study identifies biomarkers for predicting acute BE exacerbation and provides new targets for drug development.
{"title":"Metabolomics identify serum biomarkers for predicting acute exacerbation and severity of bronchiectasis","authors":"Jiaxin Yan , Fanxin Deng , Xueli Wang , Jing Wei , Yang Cao , Kaili Deng , Xiaolin Chen , Lei Shu , Lei Shi , Mingjing Wu , Ganzhu Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bronchiectasis (BE) is a chronic respiratory disease. Acute BE exacerbation caused by recurrent infections can lead to hemoptysis and even asphyxia, with high mortality and long hospitalization. This study aimed to identify novel diagnostic metabolic biomarkers for predicting acute exacerbation and severity of BE.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)-based untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed for serum samples from 45 patients with acute BE exacerbation and 15 healthy controls. The diagnostic value of the candidate metabolites was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Based on bronchiectasis severity index (BSI) scores, patients with acute BE exacerbation were classified into mild, moderate, and severe BE groups. Compared to healthy controls, the abundance of 4-acetamidobutyric acid was elevated in the mild, moderate, and severe groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05), with no significant difference among the three groups. In the severe BE group, the abundances of taurochenodecoxycholic acid, oleamide, hexadecanamide, and glycodeoxycholic acid were significantly elevated from those in mild and moderate BE groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05), with Youden index (YI) ≥ 0.8 for all metabolites; the combination of these 4 metabolites had an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.99, a sensitivity of 100 % and a specificity of 93.3 % for identifying severe BE. Pathway analysis reveals that abnormally enriched metabolites in BE patients are associated with PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, renin-angiotensin system signaling pathway, asthma signaling pathway, and FcεRI signaling pathway, where prostaglandin D2 exerts direct or indirect impacts on these pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>4-Acetamidobutyric acid can serve as a biomarker for predicting acute BE exacerbation, while taurochenodecoxycholic acid, oleamide, hexadecanamide, and glycodeoxycholic acid are robust biomarkers for predicting severe BE. Prostaglandin D2 plays a crucial role in promoting the pathogenesis of pulmonary inflammatory cell recruitment, cell autophagy, and pulmonary fibrosis during acute BE exacerbation. Overall, this study identifies biomarkers for predicting acute BE exacerbation and provides new targets for drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100219
Mengdi Zhu , Fengxia Li , Shuting Huang , Li Huang , Heng Zhang , Lingyan Chen , Vanessa Cave , Jian Guan , Yang Yang
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is an effector of cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) and regulates glucose metabolism and vascular remodeling. This study investigated the potential relationships of plasma concentrations of IGF-1, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) to glucose intolerance and clinical vascular complications in a Chinese population of type - 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
The study included the participants with T2DM only (n = 20), T2DM + hypertension (n = 20), T2DM + hypertension + diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN, n = 19) and 18 age-matched healthy controls. Fasting blood and spot urine samples were used for analysis.
Plasma concentration of cGP was positively associated with plasma concentrations of fasting glucose (p < 0.001), triglyceride (p < 0.001), HBAc-1 (%, p < 0.001), triglyceride/glucose index (p < 0.001), plasma concentrations of uric acid (p = 0.002), urine albumin (p = 0.008), and albumin/creatinine ratio (p = 0.019) in the T2DM only group. Plasma concentration of IGFBP-3 was positively associated with blood urea nitrogen in T2DM + hypertension group (p < 0.001) and weakly associated foot DPN scores (p = 0.052) in the T2DM + hypertension + DPN group.
Elevated plasma cGP concentration that increases the amount of bioavailable IGF-1 was an adaptive response to glucose intolerance, hyperuricemia and albuminuria. Elevated plasma IGFBP-3 concentration that reduces the amount of bioavailable IGF-1, was associated with diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. The changes of plasma concentration of cGP and IGFBP-3 may collectively assist in the prognosis of T2DM.
{"title":"Plasma concentration of cyclic glycine proline is associated with impaired energy metabolism in a Chinese population of type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Mengdi Zhu , Fengxia Li , Shuting Huang , Li Huang , Heng Zhang , Lingyan Chen , Vanessa Cave , Jian Guan , Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is an effector of cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) and regulates glucose metabolism and vascular remodeling. This study investigated the potential relationships of plasma concentrations of IGF-1, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) to glucose intolerance and clinical vascular complications in a Chinese population of type - 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</div><div>The study included the participants with T2DM only (<em>n</em> = 20), T2DM + hypertension (n = 20), T2DM + hypertension + diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN, <em>n</em> = 19) and 18 age-matched healthy controls. Fasting blood and spot urine samples were used for analysis.</div><div>Plasma concentration of cGP was positively associated with plasma concentrations of fasting glucose (<em>p</em> < 0.001), triglyceride (p < 0.001), HBAc-1 (%, p < 0.001), triglyceride/glucose index (p < 0.001), plasma concentrations of uric acid (<em>p</em> = 0.002), urine albumin (<em>p</em> = 0.008), and albumin/creatinine ratio (<em>p</em> = 0.019) in the T2DM only group. Plasma concentration of IGFBP-3 was positively associated with blood urea nitrogen in T2DM + hypertension group (p < 0.001) and weakly associated foot DPN scores (<em>p</em> = 0.052) in the T2DM + hypertension + DPN group.</div><div>Elevated plasma cGP concentration that increases the amount of bioavailable IGF-1 was an adaptive response to glucose intolerance, hyperuricemia and albuminuria. Elevated plasma IGFBP-3 concentration that reduces the amount of bioavailable IGF-1, was associated with diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. The changes of plasma concentration of cGP and IGFBP-3 may collectively assist in the prognosis of T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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