Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100219
Mengdi Zhu , Fengxia Li , Shuting Huang , Li Huang , Heng Zhang , Lingyan Chen , Vanessa Cave , Jian Guan , Yang Yang
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is an effector of cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) and regulates glucose metabolism and vascular remodeling. This study investigated the potential relationships of plasma concentrations of IGF-1, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) to glucose intolerance and clinical vascular complications in a Chinese population of type - 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
The study included the participants with T2DM only (n = 20), T2DM + hypertension (n = 20), T2DM + hypertension + diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN, n = 19) and 18 age-matched healthy controls. Fasting blood and spot urine samples were used for analysis.
Plasma concentration of cGP was positively associated with plasma concentrations of fasting glucose (p < 0.001), triglyceride (p < 0.001), HBAc-1 (%, p < 0.001), triglyceride/glucose index (p < 0.001), plasma concentrations of uric acid (p = 0.002), urine albumin (p = 0.008), and albumin/creatinine ratio (p = 0.019) in the T2DM only group. Plasma concentration of IGFBP-3 was positively associated with blood urea nitrogen in T2DM + hypertension group (p < 0.001) and weakly associated foot DPN scores (p = 0.052) in the T2DM + hypertension + DPN group.
Elevated plasma cGP concentration that increases the amount of bioavailable IGF-1 was an adaptive response to glucose intolerance, hyperuricemia and albuminuria. Elevated plasma IGFBP-3 concentration that reduces the amount of bioavailable IGF-1, was associated with diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. The changes of plasma concentration of cGP and IGFBP-3 may collectively assist in the prognosis of T2DM.
{"title":"Plasma concentration of cyclic glycine proline is associated with impaired energy metabolism in a Chinese population of type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Mengdi Zhu , Fengxia Li , Shuting Huang , Li Huang , Heng Zhang , Lingyan Chen , Vanessa Cave , Jian Guan , Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is an effector of cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) and regulates glucose metabolism and vascular remodeling. This study investigated the potential relationships of plasma concentrations of IGF-1, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) to glucose intolerance and clinical vascular complications in a Chinese population of type - 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</div><div>The study included the participants with T2DM only (<em>n</em> = 20), T2DM + hypertension (n = 20), T2DM + hypertension + diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN, <em>n</em> = 19) and 18 age-matched healthy controls. Fasting blood and spot urine samples were used for analysis.</div><div>Plasma concentration of cGP was positively associated with plasma concentrations of fasting glucose (<em>p</em> < 0.001), triglyceride (p < 0.001), HBAc-1 (%, p < 0.001), triglyceride/glucose index (p < 0.001), plasma concentrations of uric acid (<em>p</em> = 0.002), urine albumin (<em>p</em> = 0.008), and albumin/creatinine ratio (<em>p</em> = 0.019) in the T2DM only group. Plasma concentration of IGFBP-3 was positively associated with blood urea nitrogen in T2DM + hypertension group (p < 0.001) and weakly associated foot DPN scores (<em>p</em> = 0.052) in the T2DM + hypertension + DPN group.</div><div>Elevated plasma cGP concentration that increases the amount of bioavailable IGF-1 was an adaptive response to glucose intolerance, hyperuricemia and albuminuria. Elevated plasma IGFBP-3 concentration that reduces the amount of bioavailable IGF-1, was associated with diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. The changes of plasma concentration of cGP and IGFBP-3 may collectively assist in the prognosis of T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing in developing countries, including Indonesia. Insulin resistance is a significant contributor to elevated blood glucose levels in type-2 diabetes patients. Low levels of serum sirtuin-1, irisin, and vitamin D have been linked to insulin resistance. This study aimed to identify risk factors that could predict uncontrolled glycemia and insulin resistance in Indonesian type-2 diabetes patients. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 73 adults from South Jakarta, Indonesia, in which we examined type-2 diabetes risk factors and biomarkers, including sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, waist–to–hip ratio, fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, fasting insulin, sirtuin-1, irisin, and vitamin D levels. The subjects were categorized into two groups based on their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index to assess glycemic control and insulin resistance, respectively. We compared risk factor profiles between groups and analyzed multivariate relationships with logistic regression. Our findings revealed that 54 % of the subjects had uncontrolled glycemia, whereas only 11 % had insulin resistance. There was a significant association between uncontrolled glycemia and reduced sirtuin-1 levels (odds ratio = 4.07; p = 0.03), which was confirmed in the multivariate analysis (beta = 5.41, p = 0.014) along with FBG (beta = 36.88, p = 0.001). Irisin showed a marginal association with insulin resistance in both univariate (odds ratio = 0.12; p = 0.027) and multivariate analyses (beta = 0.09; p = 0.049). In conclusion, sirtuin-1, in addition to FBG, is a potential marker for assessing glycemic control in type-2 diabetes patients.
{"title":"Sirtuin, irisin, and vitamin D as predictors of diabetes mellitus with uncontrolled glycemia in Indonesian patients","authors":"Elly Herwana , Yenny , Alvina , Kurniasari , Clarissa Asha Febinia , Pusparini","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing in developing countries, including Indonesia. Insulin resistance is a significant contributor to elevated blood glucose levels in type-2 diabetes patients. Low levels of serum sirtuin-1, irisin, and vitamin D have been linked to insulin resistance. This study aimed to identify risk factors that could predict uncontrolled glycemia and insulin resistance in Indonesian type-2 diabetes patients. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 73 adults from South Jakarta, Indonesia, in which we examined type-2 diabetes risk factors and biomarkers, including sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, waist–to–hip ratio, fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, fasting insulin, sirtuin-1, irisin, and vitamin D levels. The subjects were categorized into two groups based on their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index to assess glycemic control and insulin resistance, respectively. We compared risk factor profiles between groups and analyzed multivariate relationships with logistic regression. Our findings revealed that 54 % of the subjects had uncontrolled glycemia, whereas only 11 % had insulin resistance. There was a significant association between uncontrolled glycemia and reduced sirtuin-1 levels (odds ratio = 4.07; <em>p</em> = 0.03), which was confirmed in the multivariate analysis (beta = 5.41, <em>p</em> = 0.014) along with FBG (beta = 36.88, <em>p</em> = 0.001). Irisin showed a marginal association with insulin resistance in both univariate (odds ratio = 0.12; <em>p</em> = 0.027) and multivariate analyses (beta = 0.09; <em>p</em> = 0.049). In conclusion, sirtuin-1, in addition to FBG, is a potential marker for assessing glycemic control in type-2 diabetes patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that affects the blood vessels of the retina and cause vision loss and blindness. DR is a major public health problem worldwide, especially in low-and middle-income countries where access to screening and treatment is limited. Although Ethiopia has implemented a strategic plan targeting DM care improvement to reduce complications from 2020 to 2025, retinopathy is a severe complication among DM patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess diabetic retinopathy among DM patients after treatment initiation in Ethiopia from 2020/2021 to 2024/2025 after the strategy was implemented.
Method
Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed articles from Scholar, PubMed, Excerpta Medical Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Library, and MESH Medline. The data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA version 17. The pooled risk of new diabetic retinopathy among diabetes patients who started DM treatment was estimated. To minimize the effect of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis was performed by geographical region and year of publication (between 2020 and 2023). Publication bias was detected using a funnel plot, with P < 0.05 assumed to indicate potential publication bias. The I2 test was used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies.
Results
The pooled risk of diabetic retinopathy among treated DM patients was 25.43% (95% CI: 18.1, 32.7) from 2020 to 2023. The incidence of DR was 28.6% in the South Nation, Nationalities, and People (SNNPs) region, followed by Oromia (31.35%) and Amhara (22.93%). Care-related factors such as receiving a combination of DM medication (AOR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.47–0.82, n=3), having good glycemic control (AOR=0.24, 95% CI; 0.17–0.33, n=4), and comorbidities with hypertension (AOR=1.39, 95% CI; 1.17–1.87, n=4) were predictors of diabetic retinopathy development among DM patients at follow-up.
Conclusion
Even if the studies could not be combined due to high heterogeneity, they demonstrated that diabetic complications, particularly DR, are still high after starting treatment among DM patients in Ethiopia. Care-related factors such as treatment modalities, glycemic control levels, and comorbidities with hypertension should be appropriately screened and managed to reduce the burden of DR among DM patients receiving follow-up care in Ethiopia. Moreover, Ethiopia should evaluate the already set plan implementation status to achieve the target set by 2025.
{"title":"Systemic and meta-analyses of diabetic retinopathy and its care-related predictors after diabetic mellitus treatment initiation in Ethiopia","authors":"Aboma Motuma , Abdi Birhanu , Lemma Demissie Regassa , Sina Tolera , Alemayehu Deressa , Usmael Jibro , Mulugeta Gamachu , Moti Tolera , Adera Debella , Bikila Balis , Addis Eyeberu , Fethia Mohammed , Ibsa Mussa","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that affects the blood vessels of the retina and cause vision loss and blindness. DR is a major public health problem worldwide, especially in low-and middle-income countries where access to screening and treatment is limited. Although Ethiopia has implemented a strategic plan targeting DM care improvement to reduce complications from 2020 to 2025, retinopathy is a severe complication among DM patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess diabetic retinopathy among DM patients after treatment initiation in Ethiopia from 2020/2021 to 2024/2025 after the strategy was implemented.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed articles from Scholar, PubMed, Excerpta Medical Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Library, and MESH Medline. The data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA version 17. The pooled risk of new diabetic retinopathy among diabetes patients who started DM treatment was estimated. To minimize the effect of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis was performed by geographical region and year of publication (between 2020 and 2023). Publication bias was detected using a funnel plot, with P < 0.05 assumed to indicate potential publication bias. The I<sup>2</sup> test was used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pooled risk of diabetic retinopathy among treated DM patients was 25.43% (95% CI: 18.1, 32.7) from 2020 to 2023. The incidence of DR was 28.6% in the South Nation, Nationalities, and People (SNNPs) region, followed by Oromia (31.35%) and Amhara (22.93%). Care-related factors such as receiving a combination of DM medication (AOR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.47–0.82, n=3), having good glycemic control (AOR=0.24, 95% CI; 0.17–0.33, n=4), and comorbidities with hypertension (AOR=1.39, 95% CI; 1.17–1.87, n=4) were predictors of diabetic retinopathy development among DM patients at follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Even if the studies could not be combined due to high heterogeneity, they demonstrated that diabetic complications, particularly DR, are still high after starting treatment among DM patients in Ethiopia. Care-related factors such as treatment modalities, glycemic control levels, and comorbidities with hypertension should be appropriately screened and managed to reduce the burden of DR among DM patients receiving follow-up care in Ethiopia. Moreover, Ethiopia should evaluate the already set plan implementation status to achieve the target set by 2025.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100225
Juan Bravo-Benítez , María E. Rivera-Castro , Cesar F. Pastelín , Ithayetsi Sarmiento , Amayrani Hernández , Alfonso Díaz , Carolina Morán
The autonomic nerves in the mammalian ovary are responsible for transmitting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and acetylcholine, among others. Interestingly, some ovarian innervation becomes more active toward the end of life. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of adrenergic (A1R) and muscarinic (M1R) receptors in adult and senescent female rats. Female rats were divided into three groups according to age: young adults aged 3 to 5 months (3M), middle-aged rats aged 12 months (12M), and senescent rats aged 15 months (15M). Primary antibodies targeting the α1-adrenergic receptor, μ1-muscarinic receptor, 17β-estradiol receptor (ER), and α1-progesterone receptor (PR) were used. Immunoreactivity analysis covered the ovarian stroma and cells around functional structures such as the corpus luteum, ovarian cysts, and follicles. Both receptor antibodies stained these structures, but the noradrenergic binding was three times more abundant than cholinergic binding. The number of immunoreactive cells expressing the A1R/ER combination was significantly increased in 12M rats, principally around follicles or cysts. M1R/PR staining was similarly increased in the 12M group, but the principal signal source was the stroma cells. The autonomic nervous system appears to participate in the loss of function of these structures with age in the rat ovary.
{"title":"Distribution of norepinephrine and acetylcholine receptors in ovarian structures across reproductive and senescent phases in rats","authors":"Juan Bravo-Benítez , María E. Rivera-Castro , Cesar F. Pastelín , Ithayetsi Sarmiento , Amayrani Hernández , Alfonso Díaz , Carolina Morán","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The autonomic nerves in the mammalian ovary are responsible for transmitting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and acetylcholine, among others. Interestingly, some ovarian innervation becomes more active toward the end of life. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of adrenergic (A1R) and muscarinic (M1R) receptors in adult and senescent female rats. Female rats were divided into three groups according to age: young adults aged 3 to 5 months (3M), middle-aged rats aged 12 months (12M), and senescent rats aged 15 months (15M). Primary antibodies targeting the α1-adrenergic receptor, μ1-muscarinic receptor, 17β-estradiol receptor (ER), and α1-progesterone receptor (PR) were used. Immunoreactivity analysis covered the ovarian stroma and cells around functional structures such as the corpus luteum, ovarian cysts, and follicles. Both receptor antibodies stained these structures, but the noradrenergic binding was three times more abundant than cholinergic binding. The number of immunoreactive cells expressing the A1R/ER combination was significantly increased in 12M rats, principally around follicles or cysts. M1R/PR staining was similarly increased in the 12M group, but the principal signal source was the stroma cells. The autonomic nervous system appears to participate in the loss of function of these structures with age in the rat ovary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100227
Jérôme Gedikondele Sokolo , Aliocha Natuhoyila Nkodila , Gabriel Mabwaka Lema , Richard Nzanza Matanda , Pius Zakayi Kabututu , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
Background
The assessment of hearing function in human life is important, because good hearing is important for social participation and inclusion in employment and education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of metabolic syndrome in the occurrence of hearing disorders in patients followed in hospitals in Kinshasa.
Methods
This was an analytical cross-sectional study that included 400 patients consulted in 7 hospitals in the city province of Kinshasa during the period from January 2005 to September 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and discriminant analysis were used as a basis to document the factors associated with hearing disorders in the study population; and the statistical significance threshold was p < 5 %.
Results
The frequency of hearing loss was 40.1 % in patients with metabolic syndrome. Risk factors identified for the occurrence of hearing loss in patients with metabolic syndrome were age ≥ 60 years (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.37–5.42), waist circumference > 85 cm (Female) or > 94 cm (Male) (aOR: 2.65 95 % CI: 1.37–3.72); blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL (aOR: 2.86 95 % CI: 1.32–6.17), BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.89–3.32) and in patients with insulinemia >10 IU/L (aOR: 3.37 95 % CI: 1.47–7.76).
Conclusion
The frequency of hearing loss is high in the population studied. The components of the metabolic syndrome were identified as independent determinants of hearing loss.
{"title":"Influence of metabolic syndrome in the occurrence of hearing disorders in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Jérôme Gedikondele Sokolo , Aliocha Natuhoyila Nkodila , Gabriel Mabwaka Lema , Richard Nzanza Matanda , Pius Zakayi Kabututu , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The assessment of hearing function in human life is important, because good hearing is important for social participation and inclusion in employment and education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of metabolic syndrome in the occurrence of hearing disorders in patients followed in hospitals in Kinshasa.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was an analytical cross-sectional study that included 400 patients consulted in 7 hospitals in the city province of Kinshasa during the period from January 2005 to September 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and discriminant analysis were used as a basis to document the factors associated with hearing disorders in the study population; and the statistical significance threshold was <em>p</em> < 5 %.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The frequency of hearing loss was 40.1 % in patients with metabolic syndrome. Risk factors identified for the occurrence of hearing loss in patients with metabolic syndrome were age ≥ 60 years (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.37–5.42), waist circumference > 85 cm (Female) or > 94 cm (Male) (aOR: 2.65 95 % CI: 1.37–3.72); blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL (aOR: 2.86 95 % CI: 1.32–6.17), BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (aOR: 2.73 95 % CI: 1.89–3.32) and in patients with insulinemia >10 IU/L (aOR: 3.37 95 % CI: 1.47–7.76).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The frequency of hearing loss is high in the population studied. The components of the metabolic syndrome were identified as independent determinants of hearing loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100213
Roland Muyisa Muhindo
Comorbidity depression – diabetes is a common condition and is often associated with complications and high mortality. Both of these conditions are due to genetic predispositions associated with environmental factors. Many mechanisms explain the occurrence of this comorbidity. Two are the most studied: the involvement of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. For the management, the management of depression in diabetics does not consist of a simple combination of antidepressants with antidiabetics but global management including medicinal and non-drug means. New drugs targeting NRH2 are in development. They would act on comorbidity depression – diabetes at the same time.
{"title":"Etiopathogenesis and management updates on the comorbidity depression – Diabetes: A review of literature","authors":"Roland Muyisa Muhindo","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comorbidity depression – diabetes is a common condition and is often associated with complications and high mortality. Both of these conditions are due to genetic predispositions associated with environmental factors. Many mechanisms explain the occurrence of this comorbidity. Two are the most studied: the involvement of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. For the management, the management of depression in diabetics does not consist of a simple combination of antidepressants with antidiabetics but global management including medicinal and non-drug means. New drugs targeting NRH2 are in development. They would act on comorbidity depression – diabetes at the same time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100222
Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce , Fiorella E. Zuzunaga-Montoya , Luisa Erika Milagros Vásquez-Romero , Joan A. Loayza-Castro , Nataly Mayely Sanchez-Tamay , Carmen Inés Gutierrez De Carrillo
Objective
Given the significant increase in diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence and its associated complications in recent decades, this study aimed to explore the determinant factors and geographical distribution of comorbidities and their number in patients with diabetes in Peru.
Methods
Cross-sectional study based on a database providing detailed demographic and clinical information on DM patients affiliated with the Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) in Peru. The dependent variables in this study are twofold: the type of comorbidities present in DM patients and the number of comorbidities they have. Comorbidities were categorized into three groups: DM with obesity/dyslipidemia, DM with hypertension, and DM with mental health disorders. The number of comorbidities was classified as none, one, two, or three comorbidities.
Results
A total of 1,355,354 patients were included. Male patients, older individuals, and those with a longer time since diagnosis have different probabilities of presenting the comorbidities and a higher number of them. Additionally, the geospatial analysis showed apparent regional variations in the prevalence and number of comorbidities, highlighting the influence of environmental and socioeconomic factors and access to healthcare services.
Conclusions
This study identified significant demographic and clinical factors associated with comorbidities in patients with DM in Peru. These findings showed the need for personalized, region-specific diabetes management. Therefore, public health policies should adapt to meet the needs of different regions and groups. Improving healthcare access is crucial, especially where comorbidity prevalence is high. Further education programs must address diet and exercise comorbidities, focusing on vulnerable people.
目的：鉴于近几十年来糖尿病（DM）患病率及其相关并发症的显著增加，本研究旨在探讨秘鲁糖尿病患者合并症的决定因素、地理分布及其数量。方法基于一个数据库的横断面研究，该数据库提供了秘鲁Seguro Integral de Salud （SIS）附属糖尿病患者的详细人口统计学和临床信息。本研究的因变量是双重的：糖尿病患者存在的合并症的类型和合并症的数量。合并症分为三组：糖尿病合并肥胖/血脂异常、糖尿病合并高血压和糖尿病合并精神健康障碍。合并症的数量分为无、一、二或三种合并症。结果共纳入1355354例患者。男性患者、老年人和诊断时间较长的患者出现合并症的概率不同，且数量较多。此外，地理空间分析显示，合并症的患病率和数量存在明显的区域差异，突出了环境和社会经济因素以及获得医疗保健服务的影响。结论：本研究确定了与秘鲁糖尿病患者合并症相关的重要人口统计学和临床因素。这些发现表明需要个性化的、针对特定地区的糖尿病管理。因此，公共卫生政策应适应不同区域和群体的需要。改善卫生保健获取至关重要，特别是在合并症患病率高的地方。进一步的教育项目必须解决饮食和运动的并发症，重点关注弱势群体。
{"title":"Geospatial analysis and determinant factors of comorbidity presence in patients with diabetes in Peru","authors":"Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce , Fiorella E. Zuzunaga-Montoya , Luisa Erika Milagros Vásquez-Romero , Joan A. Loayza-Castro , Nataly Mayely Sanchez-Tamay , Carmen Inés Gutierrez De Carrillo","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Given the significant increase in diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence and its associated complications in recent decades, this study aimed to explore the determinant factors and geographical distribution of comorbidities and their number in patients with diabetes in Peru.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study based on a database providing detailed demographic and clinical information on DM patients affiliated with the Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) in Peru. The dependent variables in this study are twofold: the type of comorbidities present in DM patients and the number of comorbidities they have. Comorbidities were categorized into three groups: DM with obesity/dyslipidemia, DM with hypertension, and DM with mental health disorders. The number of comorbidities was classified as none, one, two, or three comorbidities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,355,354 patients were included. Male patients, older individuals, and those with a longer time since diagnosis have different probabilities of presenting the comorbidities and a higher number of them. Additionally, the geospatial analysis showed apparent regional variations in the prevalence and number of comorbidities, highlighting the influence of environmental and socioeconomic factors and access to healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identified significant demographic and clinical factors associated with comorbidities in patients with DM in Peru. These findings showed the need for personalized, region-specific diabetes management. Therefore, public health policies should adapt to meet the needs of different regions and groups. Improving healthcare access is crucial, especially where comorbidity prevalence is high. Further education programs must address diet and exercise comorbidities, focusing on vulnerable people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30Epub Date: 2024-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100184
Pachon Burgos Alvaro , McDonald Posso Anselmo Joaquin , Espinosa De Ycaza Ana , Caballero Arauz Rolando , Quiros Coronel Antonio , Mendoza Elisa
Aims
To determine the risk factors associated with amputations in hospitalized patients with diabetic foot infection.
Methods
this is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Panama between January 2010 and December 2016. We included all patients admitted to the hospital with diabetes and diabetic foot infection. A total of 351 patients were included, and a survey to assess for demographic and clinical factors was completed prospectively until discharge. The outcome was lower limb amputation.
Results
Sixty-one participants (17.4 %) required a lower limb amputation, and 22 (36.1 %) were major amputations. Several factors were associated with amputation in the univariate analysis: history of foot infection, history of amputation, peripheral arterial disease, a major index ulcer area, duration of the index ulcer >30 days, Grade III 3D severity according to Texas scale, a greater IDSA classification, the presence of necrosis and osteomyelitis. Nevertheless, multiple logistic regression revealed significant relationships between amputations and necrosis (P < 0.0001), osteomyelitis (P < 0.0001), and a severe IDSA classification (P = 0.008).
Conclusion
In patients with diabetes foot infection, the presence of osteomyelitis, necrosis and a severe IDSA classification were strongly associated with amputation.
Clinical relevance
The rates of lower limb amputations in diabetic foot infections are higher in Hispanics than Caucasians, moreover, data on risk factors for amputation from diabetic foot infection in Latin American countries and specially Central American countries is scarce and there is no data in Panama.
{"title":"Risk factors associated with amputations in patients with diabetic foot infection. Seven years of experience in a reference hospital in Panama. The diabetic foot study group at Chiriqui (the FOOTCHI study group)","authors":"Pachon Burgos Alvaro , McDonald Posso Anselmo Joaquin , Espinosa De Ycaza Ana , Caballero Arauz Rolando , Quiros Coronel Antonio , Mendoza Elisa","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To determine the risk factors associated with amputations in hospitalized patients with diabetic foot infection.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>this is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Panama between January 2010 and December 2016. We included all patients admitted to the hospital with diabetes and diabetic foot infection. A total of 351 patients were included, and a survey to assess for demographic and clinical factors was completed prospectively until discharge. The outcome was lower limb amputation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixty-one participants (17.4 %) required a lower limb amputation, and 22 (36.1 %) were major amputations. Several factors were associated with amputation in the univariate analysis: history of foot infection, history of amputation, peripheral arterial disease, a major index ulcer area, duration of the index ulcer >30 days, Grade III 3D severity according to Texas scale, a greater IDSA classification, the presence of necrosis and osteomyelitis. Nevertheless, multiple logistic regression revealed significant relationships between amputations and necrosis (P < 0.0001), osteomyelitis (P < 0.0001), and a severe IDSA classification (P = 0.008).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In patients with diabetes foot infection, the presence of osteomyelitis, necrosis and a severe IDSA classification were strongly associated with amputation.</p></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><p>The rates of lower limb amputations in diabetic foot infections are higher in Hispanics than Caucasians, moreover, data on risk factors for amputation from diabetic foot infection in Latin American countries and specially Central American countries is scarce and there is no data in Panama.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000281/pdfft?md5=e58f27807502b11ab04c01af57a3a7a2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000281-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30Epub Date: 2024-08-17DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100194
Hoa Van Tran , Hiep Ngo Buu Tran , Toan Hoang Ngo , Kien Trung Nguyen
Background
Previous studies have demonstrated that sertraline has a positive impact on improving depression; however, data on the prevalence and treatment outcomes of sertraline among patients with comorbid Type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression remain limited.
Objectives
Determine the prevalence and associated factors of depression, and evaluate the treatment outcomes of sertraline intervention at two dosage levels (50 mg per day and 100 mg per day) in patients with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Vietnam.
Materials and methods
The study included type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving outpatient treatment at Bac Lieu General Hospital from March 2023 to March 2024. Following the assessment of depression prevalence and associated factors, a randomized, single-blind clinical trial was conducted. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: odd-numbered patients received treatment with 50 mg/day sertraline dosage, while even-numbered patients received treatment with 100 mg/day sertraline dosage. The criteria for success included improvement in symptoms and severity of depression after 6 months of treatment.
Results
A total of 225 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with a mean age of 63.8 ± 10.7 years were included, among whom 72 were diagnosed with depression, accounting for a prevalence rate of 32 %. Among these patients, 51 were female (70.8 %) and 21 were male (29.2 %). Female gender, overweight, obesity, diabetes duration over 36 months, and a history of cardiovascular disease were found to be associated with depression. However, in the multivariate model, only overweight, obesity, HbA1c ≥ 6.5 %, and a history of cardiovascular disease were identified as independent factors contributing to depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, with odds ratios of 4.12 (95 % CI: 1.78–9.56; p = 0.001), 0.37 (95 % CI: 0.15–0.95; p = 0.038) and 25.90 (95 % CI: 9.05–74.12; p < 0.001), respectively. Following 6 months of treatment, in the 50 mg/day dosage group, the proportion of patients with moderate to severe depression decreased from 77.8 % to 33.3 % (p < 0.001). Similarly, in the 100 mg/day dosage group, the proportion of patients with moderate to severe depression decreased from 94.4 % to 52.8 % (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Depression accounts for approximately one-third of type 2 diabetes mellitus cases. Overweight, obesity, HbA1c levels, and cardiovascular disease are independent factors associated with depression. Intervention with sertraline for depression treatment at both 50 mg/day and 100 mg/day dosages demonstrates significant improvements in depression severity after 6 months of treatment.
{"title":"Depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Prevalence, characteristics, associated factors, and treatment outcomes","authors":"Hoa Van Tran , Hiep Ngo Buu Tran , Toan Hoang Ngo , Kien Trung Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Previous studies have demonstrated that sertraline has a positive impact on improving depression; however, data on the prevalence and treatment outcomes of sertraline among patients with comorbid Type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression remain limited.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Determine the prevalence and associated factors of depression, and evaluate the treatment outcomes of sertraline intervention at two dosage levels (50 mg per day and 100 mg per day) in patients with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Vietnam.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The study included type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving outpatient treatment at Bac Lieu General Hospital from March 2023 to March 2024. Following the assessment of depression prevalence and associated factors, a randomized, single-blind clinical trial was conducted. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: odd-numbered patients received treatment with 50 mg/day sertraline dosage, while even-numbered patients received treatment with 100 mg/day sertraline dosage. The criteria for success included improvement in symptoms and severity of depression after 6 months of treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 225 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with a mean age of 63.8 ± 10.7 years were included, among whom 72 were diagnosed with depression, accounting for a prevalence rate of 32 %. Among these patients, 51 were female (70.8 %) and 21 were male (29.2 %). Female gender, overweight, obesity, diabetes duration over 36 months, and a history of cardiovascular disease were found to be associated with depression. However, in the multivariate model, only overweight, obesity, HbA1c ≥ 6.5 %, and a history of cardiovascular disease were identified as independent factors contributing to depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, with odds ratios of 4.12 (95 % CI: 1.78–9.56; <em>p</em> = 0.001), 0.37 (95 % CI: 0.15–0.95; <em>p</em> = 0.038) and 25.90 (95 % CI: 9.05–74.12; <em>p</em> < 0.001), respectively. Following 6 months of treatment, in the 50 mg/day dosage group, the proportion of patients with moderate to severe depression decreased from 77.8 % to 33.3 % (<em>p</em> < 0.001). Similarly, in the 100 mg/day dosage group, the proportion of patients with moderate to severe depression decreased from 94.4 % to 52.8 % (<em>p</em> < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Depression accounts for approximately one-third of type 2 diabetes mellitus cases. Overweight, obesity, HbA1c levels, and cardiovascular disease are independent factors associated with depression. Intervention with sertraline for depression treatment at both 50 mg/day and 100 mg/day dosages demonstrates significant improvements in depression severity after 6 months of treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396124000384/pdfft?md5=b18e5467e35be59ff9afb9718b927eb6&pid=1-s2.0-S2666396124000384-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30Epub Date: 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100206
Maha Elttayef Jasim , Noor Essam Abdul-Razzaq
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to inadequate insulin production or inefficient use of insulin by the body's cells. It poses significant health risks, including cardiovascular disease and kidney damage, affecting millions worldwide. Management involves careful monitoring of blood glucose levels, lifestyle modifications, and sometimes insulin therapy to maintain optimal health.so Metformin is a widely prescribed oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity.
The study was conducted in the period from February to March 2023, where a blood sample was collected from males aged from 30 to 50 years. The samples were divided into 15 healthy people as control, 12 samples with diabetes type 2, 12 samples with diabetes type 2 who are treated with metformin, and 12 samples with diabetes type 2 who are treated with insulin injections. The samples were separated in a centrifuge at 4000 rpm, then divided to 10 fractions and stored in the freezer until biochemical tests were performed for the study.
The results showed A significant increase at Glucose and HbA1C in all groups compared with control. So total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein decrease in diabetic and treatment with insulin injections compared all groups, triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein increase in all diabetic groups compared with control. Alanin trans aminase showed decrease value in diabetic group and treatment with insulin injections compared with all groups but aspartate trans aminase showed result opposite.
Aim of study
Since diabetes is a chronic disease, it is necessary to know the effects of the most famous treatments taken by diabetics, which are metformin and insulin, on the lipid profile and liver and kidney functions.
{"title":"A comparative study between metformin and insulin on biochemical variables in diabetic patients","authors":"Maha Elttayef Jasim , Noor Essam Abdul-Razzaq","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to inadequate insulin production or inefficient use of insulin by the body's cells. It poses significant health risks, including cardiovascular disease and kidney damage, affecting millions worldwide. Management involves careful monitoring of blood glucose levels, lifestyle modifications, and sometimes insulin therapy to maintain optimal health.so Metformin is a widely prescribed oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity.</div><div>The study was conducted in the period from February to March 2023, where a blood sample was collected from males aged from 30 to 50 years. The samples were divided into 15 healthy people as control, 12 samples with diabetes type 2, 12 samples with diabetes type 2 who are treated with metformin, and 12 samples with diabetes type 2 who are treated with insulin injections. The samples were separated in a centrifuge at 4000 rpm, then divided to 10 fractions and stored in the freezer until biochemical tests were performed for the study.</div><div>The results showed A significant increase at Glucose and HbA1C in all groups compared with control. So total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein decrease in diabetic and treatment with insulin injections compared all groups, triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein increase in all diabetic groups compared with control. Alanin trans aminase showed decrease value in diabetic group and treatment with insulin injections compared with all groups but aspartate trans aminase showed result opposite.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of study</h3><div>Since diabetes is a chronic disease, it is necessary to know the effects of the most famous treatments taken by diabetics, which are metformin and insulin, on the lipid profile and liver and kidney functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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