Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_7_21
N. Alhawiti
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic genetic disease inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and distinguished by the presence of defective hemoglobin, known as homozygous sickled hemoglobin disease (HbSS). Sickled red blood cells lead to blood vessel obstruction, hemorrhage, and critical hemostatic function alterations. Defective hemoglobin that associated with serious health problems, such as thromboembolism among SCD patients, is clearly documented. Empirical evidence indicates that hypercoagulability states and proinflammatory phenotypes in patients with SCD are a substantial contribution of thromboembolic complications, with promoting morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the involvement of vascular endothelial cell, platelet, and coagulation cascade in the thrombogenesis of SCD.
{"title":"Hemostatic alteration in sickle cell disease: Pathophysiology of the hypercoagulable State","authors":"N. Alhawiti","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_7_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_7_21","url":null,"abstract":"Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic genetic disease inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and distinguished by the presence of defective hemoglobin, known as homozygous sickled hemoglobin disease (HbSS). Sickled red blood cells lead to blood vessel obstruction, hemorrhage, and critical hemostatic function alterations. Defective hemoglobin that associated with serious health problems, such as thromboembolism among SCD patients, is clearly documented. Empirical evidence indicates that hypercoagulability states and proinflammatory phenotypes in patients with SCD are a substantial contribution of thromboembolic complications, with promoting morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the involvement of vascular endothelial cell, platelet, and coagulation cascade in the thrombogenesis of SCD.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124183333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_31_20
H. Rawas, N. Bano, U. Asif, Muhammad Khan
Background: Nomophobia is described as the fear of losing contact with mobile phones. It is widely reported in nursing students who may also experience depression, anxiety, and stress. Little is known about the relationship of nomophobia with depression, anxiety, and stress. Objectives: This study was designed to (a) assess nomophobia in nursing students and to (b) evaluate the impact of depression, anxiety, and stress on nomophobia in nursing students. Material and Methods: The study was carried out in College of Nursing, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Study sample (n = 311) comprised students enrolled in all levels of bachelor of science in Nursing degree. A self-administered survey was conducted using the Nomophobia Questionnaire tool for nomophobia and DASS-21 for depression, anxiety, and stress. Results: Undergraduate nursing students were presented with mild (12.9%), moderate (46.9%), and severe (40.2%) nomophobia. The highest mean score yielded for nomophobia Factor 1 – not being able to communicate (4.74 ± 1.77), whereas the lowest score was noted for nomophobia Factor 2 – losing connectedness (4.07 ± 1.96). A significant positive correlation was noted between depression and Factor 4 – giving up convenience of nomophobia (r = 0.11, P < 0.05). A high prevalence of nomophobia was noted. Severity of depression contributed positively to severity of nomophobia. Conclusion: Findings indicate the coexistence of depression, anxiety, or stress in nomophobia.
背景:无手机恐惧症被描述为害怕与手机失去联系。据广泛报道，护理专业的学生也可能经历抑郁、焦虑和压力。人们对“无恐惧症”与抑郁、焦虑和压力之间的关系知之甚少。目的:本研究旨在(a)评估护生无物恐惧症，(b)评估抑郁、焦虑和压力对护生无物恐惧症的影响。材料与方法:研究在沙特阿拉伯吉达护理学院进行。研究样本(n = 311)包括各级护理学学士学位的学生。使用无恐惧症问卷工具进行无恐惧症自我管理调查，使用DASS-21进行抑郁、焦虑和压力调查。结果:本科护生存在轻度(12.9%)、中度(46.9%)、重度(40.2%)恐惧症。无恐惧症因子1的平均得分最高(4.74±1.77)，而无恐惧症因子2的平均得分最低(4.07±1.96)。抑郁与因子4 -放弃无恐惧症便利有显著正相关(r = 0.11, P < 0.05)。人们注意到无名恐惧症非常普遍。抑郁症的严重程度与恐无症的严重程度呈正相关。结论:研究结果表明无恐惧症患者同时存在抑郁、焦虑或压力。
{"title":"Nomophobia associated with depression, anxiety, and stress in nursing students: A cross-sectional study in college of nursing, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"H. Rawas, N. Bano, U. Asif, Muhammad Khan","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_31_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_31_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nomophobia is described as the fear of losing contact with mobile phones. It is widely reported in nursing students who may also experience depression, anxiety, and stress. Little is known about the relationship of nomophobia with depression, anxiety, and stress. Objectives: This study was designed to (a) assess nomophobia in nursing students and to (b) evaluate the impact of depression, anxiety, and stress on nomophobia in nursing students. Material and Methods: The study was carried out in College of Nursing, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Study sample (n = 311) comprised students enrolled in all levels of bachelor of science in Nursing degree. A self-administered survey was conducted using the Nomophobia Questionnaire tool for nomophobia and DASS-21 for depression, anxiety, and stress. Results: Undergraduate nursing students were presented with mild (12.9%), moderate (46.9%), and severe (40.2%) nomophobia. The highest mean score yielded for nomophobia Factor 1 – not being able to communicate (4.74 ± 1.77), whereas the lowest score was noted for nomophobia Factor 2 – losing connectedness (4.07 ± 1.96). A significant positive correlation was noted between depression and Factor 4 – giving up convenience of nomophobia (r = 0.11, P < 0.05). A high prevalence of nomophobia was noted. Severity of depression contributed positively to severity of nomophobia. Conclusion: Findings indicate the coexistence of depression, anxiety, or stress in nomophobia.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126740385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_6_21
M. A. Al Fayi
Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common malignancies among females in Saudi Arabia, accounting for approximately 11% of newly diagnosed cancers in the kingdom. Over the past few decades, an increasing prevalence of TC has been documented in the kingdom. In Saudi Arabia, and especially in the Asir region, no studies have been conducted to address TC awareness among females. Objectives: This study aims to assess the level of TC awareness among women in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. This study focuses on knowledge of the risk factors, signs, prevalence, treatment, and diagnosis of TC. Materials and Methods: This study uses a cross-sectional survey design. An online survey was conducted among 310 females in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia over 3 months. The questionnaire was divided into four subsections, namely, a demographic section, a knowledge score section, an awareness section, and practices to detect TC section. Results: A total of 75 (24.8%) participants had a low level of knowledge about TC, while only five (1.7%) participants had a high level of knowledge about TC, with the remainder having a moderate level of knowledge. The knowledge scores of participants were found to be significantly correlated with their education levels (0.048), while knowledge of TC did not significantly correlate with their age group (0.790), marital status (0.471), or number of visits to a health center per year (0.211). The majority of the respondents claimed that TC is uncommon in Saudi Arabia (54.6%), more common in males/females (75.2%), and more common in those aged over 40 years. Conclusion: The study depicted the suboptimal awareness levels of women regarding TC in the Asir region and its association with education levels. Women's awareness of TC in routine practice is urgently required.
{"title":"Thyroid cancer awareness among women in the asir region of Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. A. Al Fayi","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_6_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_6_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common malignancies among females in Saudi Arabia, accounting for approximately 11% of newly diagnosed cancers in the kingdom. Over the past few decades, an increasing prevalence of TC has been documented in the kingdom. In Saudi Arabia, and especially in the Asir region, no studies have been conducted to address TC awareness among females. Objectives: This study aims to assess the level of TC awareness among women in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. This study focuses on knowledge of the risk factors, signs, prevalence, treatment, and diagnosis of TC. Materials and Methods: This study uses a cross-sectional survey design. An online survey was conducted among 310 females in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia over 3 months. The questionnaire was divided into four subsections, namely, a demographic section, a knowledge score section, an awareness section, and practices to detect TC section. Results: A total of 75 (24.8%) participants had a low level of knowledge about TC, while only five (1.7%) participants had a high level of knowledge about TC, with the remainder having a moderate level of knowledge. The knowledge scores of participants were found to be significantly correlated with their education levels (0.048), while knowledge of TC did not significantly correlate with their age group (0.790), marital status (0.471), or number of visits to a health center per year (0.211). The majority of the respondents claimed that TC is uncommon in Saudi Arabia (54.6%), more common in males/females (75.2%), and more common in those aged over 40 years. Conclusion: The study depicted the suboptimal awareness levels of women regarding TC in the Asir region and its association with education levels. Women's awareness of TC in routine practice is urgently required.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126650672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_16_20
S. Alshehri
Background: The Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) is a valid and reliable scale designed to assess the activity component in people with vestibular disorders. It is a self-evaluation scale and has been adapted into French, Brazilian Portuguese, Arabic, and Persian. Objectives: In this study, we assessed the internal consistency, intrarater reliability, and concurrent validity of the Arabic version of the VADL scale (VADL-A) in patients with vestibular disorders. Methodology: A total of 50 patients with vestibular disorders completed the VADL-A, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), and the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scales during a visit to their health-care provider. On the following day, they filled out the VADL-A scale again. The obtained data were used to assess the psychometric properties of the scale. Results: The internal consistency of the scale was excellent, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.977. The intrarater reliability was also compelling, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.94. The concurrent validity was obtained by comparing the VADL-A with the DHI and ABC scales and was found to be moderate, with r values of 0.52 (P = 0.003) and -0.65 (P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: The results of our study proved the VADL-A to be a reliable and valid scale for assessing activity-related problems in patients with vestibular disorders.
{"title":"Assessment of quality of life, functional capacity, and disability in patients with vestibular disorders: A cross-sectional study","authors":"S. Alshehri","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_16_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_16_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) is a valid and reliable scale designed to assess the activity component in people with vestibular disorders. It is a self-evaluation scale and has been adapted into French, Brazilian Portuguese, Arabic, and Persian. Objectives: In this study, we assessed the internal consistency, intrarater reliability, and concurrent validity of the Arabic version of the VADL scale (VADL-A) in patients with vestibular disorders. Methodology: A total of 50 patients with vestibular disorders completed the VADL-A, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), and the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scales during a visit to their health-care provider. On the following day, they filled out the VADL-A scale again. The obtained data were used to assess the psychometric properties of the scale. Results: The internal consistency of the scale was excellent, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.977. The intrarater reliability was also compelling, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.94. The concurrent validity was obtained by comparing the VADL-A with the DHI and ABC scales and was found to be moderate, with r values of 0.52 (P = 0.003) and -0.65 (P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: The results of our study proved the VADL-A to be a reliable and valid scale for assessing activity-related problems in patients with vestibular disorders.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134072577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_9_20
H. Almohiy, E. Elshiekh, Mohammed Alqahani, K. Hussein, Madshush M Alshahrani, Mohammed Saad
Background: Medical X-rays are the largest man-made source of public exposure to ionizing radiation. In CT examination, the probability of radiation-induced cancer is more than other x-ray examinations. Objective: The aim of this research is to estimate the reference dose values for some common procedures (head and abdomen) and compare the findings with those of a previous research. Methods: Dose measurements were taken from the scanner readings, and using the periphery of the PMMA phantom, the body phantom and head were found to be about 32 cm and 16 cm in diameter, respectively. The volume computed tomography (CT) dose index (CTDIvol) carefully chosen in the small phantom was used as a benchmark for a CT head, and the measure in large phantom was utilized as a benchmark for body CT. The results of the average estimated CTDIvol for the head-and-abdomen scans in the emergency department of a large hospital and large diagnostic clinic scanner were compared with international reference dose levels. Results: In this study, the average values of CTDIvol were 53.02 mGy and 16.95 mGy for the head and abdomen, respectively. The dose for the head phantom, 53.02 mGy, was perceived to be inferior in differentiation with international diagnostic reference level (DRL) doses. The estimated dose for the abdomen scan was elevated in comparison with 2004 European DRLs by 13%, but it was lower than the DRL for ACR by 32%. Conclusion: The results presented here will assist by collectively providing a fixed reference point for determining reference doses for CT examinations.
{"title":"Estimating reference dose measurements during common computed tomographic procedures","authors":"H. Almohiy, E. Elshiekh, Mohammed Alqahani, K. Hussein, Madshush M Alshahrani, Mohammed Saad","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_9_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_9_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medical X-rays are the largest man-made source of public exposure to ionizing radiation. In CT examination, the probability of radiation-induced cancer is more than other x-ray examinations. Objective: The aim of this research is to estimate the reference dose values for some common procedures (head and abdomen) and compare the findings with those of a previous research. Methods: Dose measurements were taken from the scanner readings, and using the periphery of the PMMA phantom, the body phantom and head were found to be about 32 cm and 16 cm in diameter, respectively. The volume computed tomography (CT) dose index (CTDIvol) carefully chosen in the small phantom was used as a benchmark for a CT head, and the measure in large phantom was utilized as a benchmark for body CT. The results of the average estimated CTDIvol for the head-and-abdomen scans in the emergency department of a large hospital and large diagnostic clinic scanner were compared with international reference dose levels. Results: In this study, the average values of CTDIvol were 53.02 mGy and 16.95 mGy for the head and abdomen, respectively. The dose for the head phantom, 53.02 mGy, was perceived to be inferior in differentiation with international diagnostic reference level (DRL) doses. The estimated dose for the abdomen scan was elevated in comparison with 2004 European DRLs by 13%, but it was lower than the DRL for ACR by 32%. Conclusion: The results presented here will assist by collectively providing a fixed reference point for determining reference doses for CT examinations.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129020108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_11_20
K. Assiri
Oxcarbazepine is an effective antiepileptic medication. It is typically used alone or in conjunction with other drugs to treat partial seizures and is believed to be the first line for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, which is a sharp pain attack lasting for seconds in orofacial territories and the distribution of the trigeminal nerve and its branches. Its therapeutic effectiveness is comparable to carbamazepine, but it has better pharmacokinetic properties, is better tolerated, and has a safe profile compared to carbamazepine drug-to-drug interactions and general side effects.
{"title":"Oxcarbazepine as a safe therapy for the management of trigeminal neuralgia (Trileptal®): Case series and review article","authors":"K. Assiri","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_11_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_11_20","url":null,"abstract":"Oxcarbazepine is an effective antiepileptic medication. It is typically used alone or in conjunction with other drugs to treat partial seizures and is believed to be the first line for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, which is a sharp pain attack lasting for seconds in orofacial territories and the distribution of the trigeminal nerve and its branches. Its therapeutic effectiveness is comparable to carbamazepine, but it has better pharmacokinetic properties, is better tolerated, and has a safe profile compared to carbamazepine drug-to-drug interactions and general side effects.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"307 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121266825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_22_20
S. Samargandy, A. Alqahtani, Turki Al Garni, S. Alasmari, M. Alahmari, B. Alshehri, Fahmi Alkaf, Bander Alghamdi, A. Almoghairi, Waleed M AlHarbi, Hussein S. Alamri
Background: The impact of COVID 19 pandemic on all acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentations and its management in Saudi Arabia is still unknown. Objectives: To find furthermore in the rate of ACS presentation, including ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA) during this outbreak and its effect on the management. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients presenting with ACS requiring cardiac catheterization in three primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capable centers from March to April 2020 compared to the same period from 2019. Results: We found a numeric downward shift of 62.2% in all ACS presentations, including ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA) during the study time when compared to its equivalent period in 2019, (P = 0.329). The door-to-balloon median time in STEMIs was statistically insignificant between the two comparison groups, but more patients in 2020 had a delay in transfer with either evaluating a suspected COVID-19 case or more time to prepare the cath lab staff protected precaution (P = 0.002). We illustrated a significant delay in time to seek medical attention from onset of symptoms by patients with NSTEMI and UA in 2020, with a median of 36 h (24, 96) versus 12 h (2, 96) in 2019 (P < 0.001). Moreover, the rate of female patients with ACS cases requiring PCI yields an increase in 2020 (P < 0.001). Overall, revascularization management of ACS patients presenting before and during the pandemic showed no difference. Conclusion: ACS admissions have been reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, with no much impact on the overall management of revascularization. Efforts should be directed to understand the underlying mechanisms of these results to improve the short and long-term outcomes of these high-risk groups in these challenging times.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on acute coronary syndrome presentation and its management in saudi arabia “a local experience”","authors":"S. Samargandy, A. Alqahtani, Turki Al Garni, S. Alasmari, M. Alahmari, B. Alshehri, Fahmi Alkaf, Bander Alghamdi, A. Almoghairi, Waleed M AlHarbi, Hussein S. Alamri","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_22_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_22_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The impact of COVID 19 pandemic on all acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentations and its management in Saudi Arabia is still unknown. Objectives: To find furthermore in the rate of ACS presentation, including ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA) during this outbreak and its effect on the management. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients presenting with ACS requiring cardiac catheterization in three primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capable centers from March to April 2020 compared to the same period from 2019. Results: We found a numeric downward shift of 62.2% in all ACS presentations, including ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA) during the study time when compared to its equivalent period in 2019, (P = 0.329). The door-to-balloon median time in STEMIs was statistically insignificant between the two comparison groups, but more patients in 2020 had a delay in transfer with either evaluating a suspected COVID-19 case or more time to prepare the cath lab staff protected precaution (P = 0.002). We illustrated a significant delay in time to seek medical attention from onset of symptoms by patients with NSTEMI and UA in 2020, with a median of 36 h (24, 96) versus 12 h (2, 96) in 2019 (P < 0.001). Moreover, the rate of female patients with ACS cases requiring PCI yields an increase in 2020 (P < 0.001). Overall, revascularization management of ACS patients presenting before and during the pandemic showed no difference. Conclusion: ACS admissions have been reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, with no much impact on the overall management of revascularization. Efforts should be directed to understand the underlying mechanisms of these results to improve the short and long-term outcomes of these high-risk groups in these challenging times.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128817569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_33_20
Nasser M. Alqahtani
Fabricating a partial extraoral prosthesis is challenging, especially partial nasal prosthesis. An extraoral prosthesis can be successful when patients can socialize without fear of being noticed with an abnormal facial defect. Homogeneity, subtle textures, and color match are essential to fabricate successful extraoral prosthesis. In this case report, a 69-year-old Caucasian female patient presented with a partial nasal defect. A silicone partial nasal prosthesis was fabricated to replicate the missing structures.
{"title":"Fabrication of a silicone partial nasal prosthesis","authors":"Nasser M. Alqahtani","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_33_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_33_20","url":null,"abstract":"Fabricating a partial extraoral prosthesis is challenging, especially partial nasal prosthesis. An extraoral prosthesis can be successful when patients can socialize without fear of being noticed with an abnormal facial defect. Homogeneity, subtle textures, and color match are essential to fabricate successful extraoral prosthesis. In this case report, a 69-year-old Caucasian female patient presented with a partial nasal defect. A silicone partial nasal prosthesis was fabricated to replicate the missing structures.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130408779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_4_20
Walaa Mohammedsaeed, L. Saber
Background: Osteocalcin (OC), a bone-derived protein hormone, regulates glucose and fat metabolism. In Saudi population, the relationship between serum OC levels and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited. The association of OC with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is also not clear. Objectives: We performed a case–control study to explore the relationship between OC and Type 2 DM and CVD among Saudi females in Almadinah. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted between January 2017 and January 2019 for 50 female patients with Type 2 DM attending Prince Abdelaziz Ben Maged Ben Abdelaziz Diabetic Center in Almadinah enrolled as research subjects. Fifty Type 2 DM female patients, aged about 30–55 years, and 50 age-matched healthy female control subjects were enrolled in our study. After overnight fasting, total OC, glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile were analyzed to determine association of OC with glucose intolerance and lipid profile. Data processing was performed using GraphPad Prism 7 (GraphPad Software, CA, USA). Results: There was a significant elevation in the frequency of low OC levels in Type 2 DM patients compared with controls (P < 0.001). Fasting serum glucose varied inversely with the OC tertials (P = 0.049). However, no statistically significant difference was noted in HbA1c or lipid levels with the OC tertials. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP = Log10 [TG/HDL]) was 36% among Type 2 DM patients, indicating higher cardiovascular risk, while 26% had intermediate risk, with increased frequency of low OC levels in patients with high and intermediate cardiovascular risk compared to low-risk patients group (P = 0.047). Conclusions: Low serum OC level was associated with impaired glucose metabolism and increased cardiovascular risk in Type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Serum osteocalcin levels in saudi females with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Al Madinah Al Munawarah","authors":"Walaa Mohammedsaeed, L. Saber","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_4_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_4_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteocalcin (OC), a bone-derived protein hormone, regulates glucose and fat metabolism. In Saudi population, the relationship between serum OC levels and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited. The association of OC with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is also not clear. Objectives: We performed a case–control study to explore the relationship between OC and Type 2 DM and CVD among Saudi females in Almadinah. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted between January 2017 and January 2019 for 50 female patients with Type 2 DM attending Prince Abdelaziz Ben Maged Ben Abdelaziz Diabetic Center in Almadinah enrolled as research subjects. Fifty Type 2 DM female patients, aged about 30–55 years, and 50 age-matched healthy female control subjects were enrolled in our study. After overnight fasting, total OC, glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile were analyzed to determine association of OC with glucose intolerance and lipid profile. Data processing was performed using GraphPad Prism 7 (GraphPad Software, CA, USA). Results: There was a significant elevation in the frequency of low OC levels in Type 2 DM patients compared with controls (P < 0.001). Fasting serum glucose varied inversely with the OC tertials (P = 0.049). However, no statistically significant difference was noted in HbA1c or lipid levels with the OC tertials. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP = Log10 [TG/HDL]) was 36% among Type 2 DM patients, indicating higher cardiovascular risk, while 26% had intermediate risk, with increased frequency of low OC levels in patients with high and intermediate cardiovascular risk compared to low-risk patients group (P = 0.047). Conclusions: Low serum OC level was associated with impaired glucose metabolism and increased cardiovascular risk in Type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126976959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_27_20
Nasser Alqahtani
Background: Food–drug interactions (FDIs) are underreported which could be due to a variety of factors such as lack of food history, follow-ups, or unawareness. Objective: The present study intended to investigate the degree of existing knowledge and awareness of FDIs among the Saudi people. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Northern Border Region, Arar city of Saudi, among a random convenient sample of 223 people. Voluntary participants filled a predesigned self-administered questionnaire comprising 22 close-ended questions and 1 open-ended question. Data were collected for a duration of 2 months and descriptive analysis was performed to obtain frequencies of responses. Results: The overall response rate was 89% with a larger number of females and 79% belonging to the 20–30 age group. Of the study population, only 6% reported having experienced such FDIs at least once in their lifetime. Almost 97% believe that they should read the label of any drug before consuming it. More than half of the participants (52%) agreed that acidic foods and beverages such as tomato sauce, tea, coffee, and citrus juices affect drug absorption and may cause food/drug interaction. About 62% believe that alcohol and drugs should never be clubbed. Conclusion: It is hereby shown that FDIs' awareness and knowledge were poor among the Saudi population. This, however, can be addressed as a high proportion of respondents had a positive attitude toward reading the drug label before use.
{"title":"Public knowledge and awareness about food–drug interactions in the northern border region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Nasser Alqahtani","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_27_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_27_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Food–drug interactions (FDIs) are underreported which could be due to a variety of factors such as lack of food history, follow-ups, or unawareness. Objective: The present study intended to investigate the degree of existing knowledge and awareness of FDIs among the Saudi people. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Northern Border Region, Arar city of Saudi, among a random convenient sample of 223 people. Voluntary participants filled a predesigned self-administered questionnaire comprising 22 close-ended questions and 1 open-ended question. Data were collected for a duration of 2 months and descriptive analysis was performed to obtain frequencies of responses. Results: The overall response rate was 89% with a larger number of females and 79% belonging to the 20–30 age group. Of the study population, only 6% reported having experienced such FDIs at least once in their lifetime. Almost 97% believe that they should read the label of any drug before consuming it. More than half of the participants (52%) agreed that acidic foods and beverages such as tomato sauce, tea, coffee, and citrus juices affect drug absorption and may cause food/drug interaction. About 62% believe that alcohol and drugs should never be clubbed. Conclusion: It is hereby shown that FDIs' awareness and knowledge were poor among the Saudi population. This, however, can be addressed as a high proportion of respondents had a positive attitude toward reading the drug label before use.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116639421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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