Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_42_22
Abdulaziz Alshahrani
Orthodontics is the study of malpositioned teeth and jaws. Some commonly found orthodontic issues are malocclusions, mandibular prognathism, retrognathism, and facial asymmetry. These issues are associated with several genetic factors. For instance, mandibular prognathism is related to gene variations, such as insulin-like growth factor 1 and the HoxC gene cluster. Facial asymmetry is related to NFATC1 and NBAS genes. Dental agenesis is related to several genes, including paired box 9 (PAX9), homeobox 1 (MSX1), and ectodysplasin A. Apart from these genes, several other genes, such as MYO1H gene, ACTN3 gene, ENPP1, ESR1 genes, PITX1 and PITX2 genes, IL1 gene, and PAX9 gene, have been studied in the orthodontic issues faced by people. Some of these genes, such as ENPP1 and ESR1 genes, are directly related to orthodontic issues, whereas some of the genes, such as ACTN3 genes, are associated with issues in the muscle tone that can eventually lead to orthodontic issues. This review deals with genes linked with orthodontics and the knowledge gaps in its association.
{"title":"Genes linked with orthodontic issues and the knowledge gaps in this association","authors":"Abdulaziz Alshahrani","doi":"10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_42_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_42_22","url":null,"abstract":"Orthodontics is the study of malpositioned teeth and jaws. Some commonly found orthodontic issues are malocclusions, mandibular prognathism, retrognathism, and facial asymmetry. These issues are associated with several genetic factors. For instance, mandibular prognathism is related to gene variations, such as insulin-like growth factor 1 and the HoxC gene cluster. Facial asymmetry is related to NFATC1 and NBAS genes. Dental agenesis is related to several genes, including paired box 9 (PAX9), homeobox 1 (MSX1), and ectodysplasin A. Apart from these genes, several other genes, such as MYO1H gene, ACTN3 gene, ENPP1, ESR1 genes, PITX1 and PITX2 genes, IL1 gene, and PAX9 gene, have been studied in the orthodontic issues faced by people. Some of these genes, such as ENPP1 and ESR1 genes, are directly related to orthodontic issues, whereas some of the genes, such as ACTN3 genes, are associated with issues in the muscle tone that can eventually lead to orthodontic issues. This review deals with genes linked with orthodontics and the knowledge gaps in its association.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115721154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_37_22
H. Abed, Assim Banjar, Mohammad Bamunif
The dental team should understand the nature of epilepsy and how the antiepileptic agents negatively affect oral and dental health. This helps to reduce the stigma developed by dentists to deal with epileptic patients and deliver safe dental treatment. It is also crucial for the dental team to help prevent the development of seizures by obtaining a thorough medical history and providing an easy and comfortable environment. Uncontrolled epileptic patients with acute dental pain and even controlled epileptic patients with either acute or chronic dental pain might develop attacks that require prompt management by the dental team. Accordingly, the dental team should anticipate seizures at any time during treatment. Implementing a clear pathway for the management of seizures in dental clinics by providing regular training courses to the dental team will help to build confidence in managing people with epilepsy.
{"title":"Special care dentistry and epilepsy","authors":"H. Abed, Assim Banjar, Mohammad Bamunif","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_37_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_37_22","url":null,"abstract":"The dental team should understand the nature of epilepsy and how the antiepileptic agents negatively affect oral and dental health. This helps to reduce the stigma developed by dentists to deal with epileptic patients and deliver safe dental treatment. It is also crucial for the dental team to help prevent the development of seizures by obtaining a thorough medical history and providing an easy and comfortable environment. Uncontrolled epileptic patients with acute dental pain and even controlled epileptic patients with either acute or chronic dental pain might develop attacks that require prompt management by the dental team. Accordingly, the dental team should anticipate seizures at any time during treatment. Implementing a clear pathway for the management of seizures in dental clinics by providing regular training courses to the dental team will help to build confidence in managing people with epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125807209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_10_23
Khalid A Aljohani, S. Agou, Fatimah Alnahdi, A. Bakhuraybah, H. Abed
Background: Smartphones are being used for several educational purposes. The Internet serves a vital role in the dissemination of information. Objectives: This observational cross-sectional study aimed to identify the most common smartphone applications/health Internet sites visited by dental care providers in the KSA and to assess factors that impact on the choices of the Internet site/applications by dental care providers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was used. Data on demographics and smartphone usage were collected. Besides, participants were able to add their suggestions at the end of the study using a free open box. The statistical significance was at P > 0.05. Results: A total of 151 valid responses were collected. Of these, the majority were female (57.6%). All the participants had a smartphone, and 36.4% spent 6 to <8 h surfing. Google Scholar (81.5%) was the most used source for finding information, followed by PubMed (69.5%) and Wikipedia (49%). Almost 95.4% of participants used their smartphones to read scientific papers. Nearly 71.5% of respondents said that they used their smartphones for social networking. Conclusions: Most dental care providers regularly use smartphone applications/health Internet sites for education and research. In this study, we found many Internet sites and applications commonly used by the interns, which can be reviewed, updated, and utilized by the curriculum committee and included in the teaching process as this will save time and effort in training.
{"title":"The impact of a smartphone application and internet resource usage on dental education","authors":"Khalid A Aljohani, S. Agou, Fatimah Alnahdi, A. Bakhuraybah, H. Abed","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_10_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_10_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smartphones are being used for several educational purposes. The Internet serves a vital role in the dissemination of information. Objectives: This observational cross-sectional study aimed to identify the most common smartphone applications/health Internet sites visited by dental care providers in the KSA and to assess factors that impact on the choices of the Internet site/applications by dental care providers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was used. Data on demographics and smartphone usage were collected. Besides, participants were able to add their suggestions at the end of the study using a free open box. The statistical significance was at P > 0.05. Results: A total of 151 valid responses were collected. Of these, the majority were female (57.6%). All the participants had a smartphone, and 36.4% spent 6 to <8 h surfing. Google Scholar (81.5%) was the most used source for finding information, followed by PubMed (69.5%) and Wikipedia (49%). Almost 95.4% of participants used their smartphones to read scientific papers. Nearly 71.5% of respondents said that they used their smartphones for social networking. Conclusions: Most dental care providers regularly use smartphone applications/health Internet sites for education and research. In this study, we found many Internet sites and applications commonly used by the interns, which can be reviewed, updated, and utilized by the curriculum committee and included in the teaching process as this will save time and effort in training.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131570918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_13_23
W. Maksoud, M. Bawahab, Khaled S. Abbas, S. Alsareii, Ahmad S. Almalki, Motaz N. Alsharif, Anas Tamrah, Majed Alshahrani, Saeed H. Alqahtani, Hassan A Alzahrani, A. Mahfouz
Objectives: This research aimed to compare the incidence and severity of acute appendicitis (AA) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Two southern Saudi Arabian high-volume hospitals hosted this retrospective investigation. The COVID pandemic period (March–June 2020) and the pre-COVID period were identified (March–June 2019). The frequency, clinical manifestation, and severity of AA were compared for patients who underwent appendectomies during these periods. Results: In the study hospitals, total admissions decreased by 52.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.1%–53.3%) from 6231 patients during the pre-COVID period to 3261 patients during the COVID period. In the 2019 study period, 107 cases of AA were surgically treated, compared to 61 cases in 2020. The observed reduction rate was 57.1% (95% CI: 47.5%–66.8%). During the COVID period, the duration from the onset of symptoms to hospital admission and hospital admission to surgery was significantly shorter for patients. There were no significant differences between the COVID and pre-COVID periods in terms of the clinical picture or severity of AA. Conclusions: During the COVID era, there was a significant decrease in the number of AA patients hospitalized, which may indicate the efficacy of home treatment for mild cases. The successful measures taken by the Saudi Arabian government during the curfew, along with the optimal utilization of resources and logistics, resulted in the early presentation and management of AA, yielding results comparable to the pre-COVID era.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on acute appendicitis presentation: A retrospective two-center study in Saudi Arabia","authors":"W. Maksoud, M. Bawahab, Khaled S. Abbas, S. Alsareii, Ahmad S. Almalki, Motaz N. Alsharif, Anas Tamrah, Majed Alshahrani, Saeed H. Alqahtani, Hassan A Alzahrani, A. Mahfouz","doi":"10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_13_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_13_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This research aimed to compare the incidence and severity of acute appendicitis (AA) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Two southern Saudi Arabian high-volume hospitals hosted this retrospective investigation. The COVID pandemic period (March–June 2020) and the pre-COVID period were identified (March–June 2019). The frequency, clinical manifestation, and severity of AA were compared for patients who underwent appendectomies during these periods. Results: In the study hospitals, total admissions decreased by 52.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.1%–53.3%) from 6231 patients during the pre-COVID period to 3261 patients during the COVID period. In the 2019 study period, 107 cases of AA were surgically treated, compared to 61 cases in 2020. The observed reduction rate was 57.1% (95% CI: 47.5%–66.8%). During the COVID period, the duration from the onset of symptoms to hospital admission and hospital admission to surgery was significantly shorter for patients. There were no significant differences between the COVID and pre-COVID periods in terms of the clinical picture or severity of AA. Conclusions: During the COVID era, there was a significant decrease in the number of AA patients hospitalized, which may indicate the efficacy of home treatment for mild cases. The successful measures taken by the Saudi Arabian government during the curfew, along with the optimal utilization of resources and logistics, resulted in the early presentation and management of AA, yielding results comparable to the pre-COVID era.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126035405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_23_22
F. Al-Qahtani
Background: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions seen in primary health care clinics. On the other hand, teaching is one of the most stressful jobs. Objective: The aim was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among secondary school teachers in the Medina region. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a representative sample of secondary school teachers of both genders in the Medina region. A multistage cluster sample technique was implemented to recruit the participants. The data were collected using a self-administered Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression questionnaire. Results: The study included 297 teachers. More than half of them (54.2%) were males and the vast majority (97.6%) were Saudis. Major depression, based on PHQ-9 depression questionnaire was reported among 8.4% of the participants, whereas minor depression was reported among 14.1% of them. Among the studied habitual factors, the smoking of Shisha and nonpracticing of physical exercise were significantly associated with depression among teachers. Regarding obstetric and gynecological factors, female teachers with a history of postnatal depression were more likely to have major and minor depression features than those without such history. Conclusion: Depression is a common health problem among secondary school teachers in Medina region affecting almost one quarter of them. Familial instability, shisha smoking, physical inactivity, heavy teaching load, and deficiency of educational competencies are strongly correlated with depression. Further studies are needed to explore the extent of the problem among teachers at different levels of teaching across the kingdom.
{"title":"Prevalence of depression and associated factors among secondary school teachers in Medina region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"F. Al-Qahtani","doi":"10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_23_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_23_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions seen in primary health care clinics. On the other hand, teaching is one of the most stressful jobs. Objective: The aim was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among secondary school teachers in the Medina region. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a representative sample of secondary school teachers of both genders in the Medina region. A multistage cluster sample technique was implemented to recruit the participants. The data were collected using a self-administered Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression questionnaire. Results: The study included 297 teachers. More than half of them (54.2%) were males and the vast majority (97.6%) were Saudis. Major depression, based on PHQ-9 depression questionnaire was reported among 8.4% of the participants, whereas minor depression was reported among 14.1% of them. Among the studied habitual factors, the smoking of Shisha and nonpracticing of physical exercise were significantly associated with depression among teachers. Regarding obstetric and gynecological factors, female teachers with a history of postnatal depression were more likely to have major and minor depression features than those without such history. Conclusion: Depression is a common health problem among secondary school teachers in Medina region affecting almost one quarter of them. Familial instability, shisha smoking, physical inactivity, heavy teaching load, and deficiency of educational competencies are strongly correlated with depression. Further studies are needed to explore the extent of the problem among teachers at different levels of teaching across the kingdom.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115275581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_27_22
BadrMajed Othman, Muaddi Alharbi
Objectives: Saudization can be defined as recruiting and hiring Saudis in both the governmental and private sectors. This process is being introduced by the Ministry of Labor to reduce the number of unemployed. Lowering the unemployment rate from 11.6% to 7% is one of the new vision goals to be reached by 2030. The SERVQUAL model is used to assess customer perceptions of service quality in service and retail organizations through five dimensions: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This study aims to measure the effect of these quality dimensions on students' willingness to be and satisfaction being educated by Saudi faculty in dental colleges. The focus of this research is to determine which quality dimensions most affect students while being educated by Saudi faculty in dental colleges. The contribution of this research will help future research to develop strategic operational objectives to enhance education quality. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed. A total of 432 participants (198 male students and 234 female students) were included in the study. An electronic questionnaire with a scale from 0 to 5 using the SERVQUAL model was formulated. Results: The results were analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 21, Chicago, Illinois, USA). The weighted scale was 4.01, 4.12, 4.03, 3.25, and 3.78 for reliability, assurance, accountability, empathy, and education quality of Saudi faculty, respectively. Furthermore, the weighted scale was 3.7 and 3.71 for students' satisfaction and student willingness to attend future lectures, respectively. Conclusion: Students had high agreement with the reliability, accountability, and education quality of Saudi dental faculty. However, the assurance dimension showed significant side effects on student willingness to attend future lectures. On the other hand, the empathy dimension showed significant side effects on participants' perception of satisfaction and student willingness to attend future lectures.
目标:沙特化可以定义为在政府和私营部门招募和雇用沙特人。劳动部正在推行这一程序，以减少失业人数。将失业率从11.6%降至7%是到2030年要实现的新愿景目标之一。SERVQUAL模型通过五个维度来评估服务和零售组织中顾客对服务质量的感知:有形性、可靠性、响应性、保证性和同理心。本研究旨在测量这些质量维度对学生接受牙科学院沙特教师教育的意愿和满意度的影响。本研究的重点是确定在牙科学院接受沙特教师教育时，哪些质量维度最影响学生。本研究的贡献将有助于未来研究制定提升教育质素的策略运作目标。材料与方法:横断面调查。共有432名参与者(198名男学生和234名女学生)被纳入研究。采用SERVQUAL模型编制了一份电子问卷，分值从0到5。结果:使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS, version 21, Chicago, Illinois, USA)对结果进行分析。沙特教师的可靠性、保证性、问责性、共情性和教育质量的加权量表分别为4.01、4.12、4.03、3.25和3.78。学生满意度和学生未来听课意愿的加权量表分别为3.7和3.71。结论:学生对沙特牙科学院的可靠性、问责性和教学质量有较高的满意度。然而，保证维度对学生参加未来讲座的意愿有显著的副作用。另一方面，共情维度对参与者的满意度感知和学生参加未来讲座的意愿有显著的副作用。
{"title":"Identification and analysis of dental education quality in Saudi Arabia","authors":"BadrMajed Othman, Muaddi Alharbi","doi":"10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_27_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_27_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Saudization can be defined as recruiting and hiring Saudis in both the governmental and private sectors. This process is being introduced by the Ministry of Labor to reduce the number of unemployed. Lowering the unemployment rate from 11.6% to 7% is one of the new vision goals to be reached by 2030. The SERVQUAL model is used to assess customer perceptions of service quality in service and retail organizations through five dimensions: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This study aims to measure the effect of these quality dimensions on students' willingness to be and satisfaction being educated by Saudi faculty in dental colleges. The focus of this research is to determine which quality dimensions most affect students while being educated by Saudi faculty in dental colleges. The contribution of this research will help future research to develop strategic operational objectives to enhance education quality. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed. A total of 432 participants (198 male students and 234 female students) were included in the study. An electronic questionnaire with a scale from 0 to 5 using the SERVQUAL model was formulated. Results: The results were analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 21, Chicago, Illinois, USA). The weighted scale was 4.01, 4.12, 4.03, 3.25, and 3.78 for reliability, assurance, accountability, empathy, and education quality of Saudi faculty, respectively. Furthermore, the weighted scale was 3.7 and 3.71 for students' satisfaction and student willingness to attend future lectures, respectively. Conclusion: Students had high agreement with the reliability, accountability, and education quality of Saudi dental faculty. However, the assurance dimension showed significant side effects on student willingness to attend future lectures. On the other hand, the empathy dimension showed significant side effects on participants' perception of satisfaction and student willingness to attend future lectures.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127561980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_17_21
Magbool Alelyani, M. Alshehri, N. Shubayr, Y. Alashban, Abulaziz Alshihri
Background: This research aims to find out which radiopharmaceutical is more efficient to evaluate thyroid lesions, such as hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease (GD), or even cold or hot thyroid nodule identification (is 99mtechnetium [99mTc] or 123iodine [123I] suitable in this case?). Materials and Methods: An extensive computerized search was done by the authors, revealing 61 studies in total. 49 studies were excluded for various reasons, so only 12 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Results: Majority of the studies suggested that the use of 99mTc over 123I. 99mTc is a suitable choice to evaluate thyroid disorders. However, 123I can be broadly used in assessing thyroid functions, detecting malignancy and causes of thyrotoxicosis, calculating therapeutic dosages of 131I, and identifying cold or hot lesions effectively due to its superior accumulation in thyroid. Conclusion: 99mTc is a nonphysiologic compound widely used to evaluate thyroid abnormalities, and it has a noticeably low biodistribution in the thyroid. On the other hand, 123I is an organic compound with excellent biodistribution that is used to gather further information on thyroid functions and susceptibility and prevalence of toxic adenoma, GD, and cold or hot thyroid nodule evaluation.
{"title":"Is 99mtechnetium (Pertechnetate) more efficient in clinical evaluation of thyroid lesions compared to 123iodine? A scoping review","authors":"Magbool Alelyani, M. Alshehri, N. Shubayr, Y. Alashban, Abulaziz Alshihri","doi":"10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_17_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_17_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research aims to find out which radiopharmaceutical is more efficient to evaluate thyroid lesions, such as hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease (GD), or even cold or hot thyroid nodule identification (is 99mtechnetium [99mTc] or 123iodine [123I] suitable in this case?). Materials and Methods: An extensive computerized search was done by the authors, revealing 61 studies in total. 49 studies were excluded for various reasons, so only 12 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Results: Majority of the studies suggested that the use of 99mTc over 123I. 99mTc is a suitable choice to evaluate thyroid disorders. However, 123I can be broadly used in assessing thyroid functions, detecting malignancy and causes of thyrotoxicosis, calculating therapeutic dosages of 131I, and identifying cold or hot lesions effectively due to its superior accumulation in thyroid. Conclusion: 99mTc is a nonphysiologic compound widely used to evaluate thyroid abnormalities, and it has a noticeably low biodistribution in the thyroid. On the other hand, 123I is an organic compound with excellent biodistribution that is used to gather further information on thyroid functions and susceptibility and prevalence of toxic adenoma, GD, and cold or hot thyroid nodule evaluation.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129192628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_28_22
Ahmad A. Alshehri, A. Hakami
Background: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases provides helpful insight about its clinical implications. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies in nurses, qualitatively, both in asymptomatic and symptomatic nurses, and to determine the rate of asymptomatic cases. Second, to compare antibody reactivity from asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from four hospitals in the Southern Region, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from Epitope Diagnostic, Inc were used to measure the level of anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies in nurses. Results: One hundred twelve samples tested positive for antibodies (70%). Other variables were assessed, including age, gender, ABO blood group, and nationality. A significant difference was found between asymptomatic nurses vs. those with negative antibodies (*P = 0.0147), suggesting they could have transmitted SARS-CoV-2 unknowingly. Forty-one nurses (25.6%) were symptomatic, while 99 nurses were asymptomatic (61.8%). Conclusion: In this study, 112 nurses (70%) tested positive for the anti-NC antibodies, 41 (25.6%) were symptomatic, 99 (61.8%) were asymptomatic, and 48 (30%) were anti-NC antibody negative. Future work should focus on the association of respiratory disease with the concentration of antibodies, and if antibodies wane rapidly after COVID-19 infection.
{"title":"Seropositivity of COVID-19 asymptomatic nurses using Anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies","authors":"Ahmad A. Alshehri, A. Hakami","doi":"10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_28_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_28_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases provides helpful insight about its clinical implications. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies in nurses, qualitatively, both in asymptomatic and symptomatic nurses, and to determine the rate of asymptomatic cases. Second, to compare antibody reactivity from asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from four hospitals in the Southern Region, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from Epitope Diagnostic, Inc were used to measure the level of anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies in nurses. Results: One hundred twelve samples tested positive for antibodies (70%). Other variables were assessed, including age, gender, ABO blood group, and nationality. A significant difference was found between asymptomatic nurses vs. those with negative antibodies (*P = 0.0147), suggesting they could have transmitted SARS-CoV-2 unknowingly. Forty-one nurses (25.6%) were symptomatic, while 99 nurses were asymptomatic (61.8%). Conclusion: In this study, 112 nurses (70%) tested positive for the anti-NC antibodies, 41 (25.6%) were symptomatic, 99 (61.8%) were asymptomatic, and 48 (30%) were anti-NC antibody negative. Future work should focus on the association of respiratory disease with the concentration of antibodies, and if antibodies wane rapidly after COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115950852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_60_21
N. Alamoudi
Discoloration and pigmentation of teeth are two common esthetic issues in dentistry that prompt patients to seek treatment as soon as possible. Overall, the etiology of discoloration and pigmentation is multifactorial, with different treatment options showing long-term effects. Such treatment options have been evaluated and shown to reduce tooth pigmentation and discoloration; however, the long-term effects of resin infiltration with or without bleaching at a 1-year follow-up are not investigated. Therefore, we presented a case report of two cases that were successfully treated using resin infiltration with or without bleaching, and both of these cases responded well by the end of 2 weeks, with lasting effects at 1-year follow-up. For the case report, the care checklist was used. Two females with discoloration and pigmentation of teeth presented to the King Khalid University postgraduate dentistry clinic who wanted to get treated for these conditions. After taking their personal, dietary, medical, and family history, performing oral examination, and tooth analysis, treatment plans were made for both cases. The first case was a 54-year-old female who presented with mild-to-moderate fluorosis, and she was successfully treated mainly with bleaching plus resin infiltration with positive findings. A faint line and discoloration were present before treatment that got disappeared after the treatment, and the smile of the patient also got improved. There was also a significant difference found in the frontal view of the teeth before and after treatment. In contrast, the other case was a 20-year-old young girl who presented with the chief complaint of white teeth pigmentation after finishing orthodontic treatment. She was mainly treated with resin infiltration with positive effects of treatment with improvements in the smile and favorable changes in the frontal view of teeth, reduction in pigmentation, and improvement in oral hygiene. The response to the treatment in both the cases was rapid, and it appeared at the end of 2 weeks. The findings of these two case reports reveal the significance of the persistent favorable effects of resin infiltration with or without bleaching at the follow-up of 1 year. However, more randomized clinical trials are required to confirm these findings in many patients.
{"title":"Prompt response to resin infiltration with or without bleaching in the treatment of teeth pigmentation and teeth discoloration","authors":"N. Alamoudi","doi":"10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_60_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_60_21","url":null,"abstract":"Discoloration and pigmentation of teeth are two common esthetic issues in dentistry that prompt patients to seek treatment as soon as possible. Overall, the etiology of discoloration and pigmentation is multifactorial, with different treatment options showing long-term effects. Such treatment options have been evaluated and shown to reduce tooth pigmentation and discoloration; however, the long-term effects of resin infiltration with or without bleaching at a 1-year follow-up are not investigated. Therefore, we presented a case report of two cases that were successfully treated using resin infiltration with or without bleaching, and both of these cases responded well by the end of 2 weeks, with lasting effects at 1-year follow-up. For the case report, the care checklist was used. Two females with discoloration and pigmentation of teeth presented to the King Khalid University postgraduate dentistry clinic who wanted to get treated for these conditions. After taking their personal, dietary, medical, and family history, performing oral examination, and tooth analysis, treatment plans were made for both cases. The first case was a 54-year-old female who presented with mild-to-moderate fluorosis, and she was successfully treated mainly with bleaching plus resin infiltration with positive findings. A faint line and discoloration were present before treatment that got disappeared after the treatment, and the smile of the patient also got improved. There was also a significant difference found in the frontal view of the teeth before and after treatment. In contrast, the other case was a 20-year-old young girl who presented with the chief complaint of white teeth pigmentation after finishing orthodontic treatment. She was mainly treated with resin infiltration with positive effects of treatment with improvements in the smile and favorable changes in the frontal view of teeth, reduction in pigmentation, and improvement in oral hygiene. The response to the treatment in both the cases was rapid, and it appeared at the end of 2 weeks. The findings of these two case reports reveal the significance of the persistent favorable effects of resin infiltration with or without bleaching at the follow-up of 1 year. However, more randomized clinical trials are required to confirm these findings in many patients.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123571883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_32_22
M. Alorini
A rare case of epididymo-orchitis due to nematode infection by Enterobius vermicularis is reported. A 38-year-old male presented with right testicular pain. He was diagnosed with acute right epididymo-orchitis. Right epididymo-orchiectomy was performed. Microscopic examination showed parts of the body of the oxyurid in one section, thus confirming the diagnosis of pinworm infection. Although ectopic pinworm infections are broadly reported, testicular involvement is very rare. To our knowledge, this is the third reported case in the literature.
{"title":"Right testicular pain and epididymo-orchitis caused by Enterobius vermicularis","authors":"M. Alorini","doi":"10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_32_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/kkujhs.kkujhs_32_22","url":null,"abstract":"A rare case of epididymo-orchitis due to nematode infection by Enterobius vermicularis is reported. A 38-year-old male presented with right testicular pain. He was diagnosed with acute right epididymo-orchitis. Right epididymo-orchiectomy was performed. Microscopic examination showed parts of the body of the oxyurid in one section, thus confirming the diagnosis of pinworm infection. Although ectopic pinworm infections are broadly reported, testicular involvement is very rare. To our knowledge, this is the third reported case in the literature.","PeriodicalId":344305,"journal":{"name":"King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114392990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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