Environmental Science and Ecotechnology最新文献

Unlocking the potential of designed microbial consortia: A breakthrough for sustainable waste management and climate resilience 释放设计微生物群落的潜力：可持续废物管理和气候适应能力的突破

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100558

Ginevra Giangeri , Stefano Campanaro , Nikos C. Kyrpides , Irini Angelidaki

引用次数: 0

Size matters: Anaerobic granules exhibit distinct ecological and physico-chemical gradients across biofilm size 大小问题：厌氧颗粒在生物膜大小上表现出不同的生态和物理化学梯度

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100561

Anna Trego , Cristina Morabito , Isabelle Bourven , Giles Guibaud , Vincent O'Flaherty , Gavin Collins , Umer Zeeshan Ijaz

Anaerobic biological decomposition of organic matter is ubiquitous in Nature wherever anaerobic environments prevail, and is catalysed by hydrolytic, fermentative, acetogenic, methanogenic, and various other groups. It is also harnessed in innovative ways in engineered systems that may rely on small (0.1–4.0 mm), spherical, anaerobic granules. These biofilms are crucial to the operational success of a range of widely applied engineered-ecosystems designed for wastewater treatment. The structure and function of granule microbiomes underpin their utility. Here, granules were separated into ten size fractions (proxies for age), hypothesizing that small granules are ‘young’ and larger ones are ‘old’. Gradients were observed across size in terms of volatile solids, density, settleability, biofilm morphology, methanogenic activity, and profiles of extracellular polymeric substances, suggesting ongoing development of physico-chemical characteristics as granules develop. Short-read amplicon sequencing indicated a negative relationship between granule size and community diversity. Furthermore, as size increased, the methanogenic archaea dominated the microbiome. Small granules were found to harbour a sub-group of highly specific taxa, and the identification of generalists and specialists may point to substantial resilience of the microbiome. The findings of this study indicate opportunities for precision management of wastewater treatment systems. They suggest that size is an important indicator for aggregate utility – size may, indeed, determine many of the characteristics of both the individual-granule microbiomes and the overall function of a wastewater treatment system.

有机物的厌氧生物分解在自然界中无处不在，它由水解、发酵、产丙酮、产甲烷和其他各种基团催化。它还以创新的方式应用于工程系统中，这些系统可能依赖于小型（0.1-4.0毫米）球形厌氧颗粒。这些生物膜对于一系列广泛应用于污水处理的工程生态系统的操作成功至关重要。颗粒微生物组的结构和功能是其实用性的基础。在这里，颗粒被分成十个大小的分数（代表年龄），假设小颗粒是“年轻的”，大颗粒是“老的”。在挥发性固体、密度、可沉降性、生物膜形态、产甲烷活性和细胞外聚合物质的分布方面，观察到不同大小的梯度，表明随着颗粒的形成，物理化学特征正在不断发展。短读扩增子测序结果表明，颗粒大小与群落多样性呈负相关。此外，随着体型的增加，产甲烷的古菌在微生物群中占主导地位。小颗粒被发现含有高度特异性分类群的亚群，对通才和专才的识别可能表明微生物组具有实质性的弹性。这项研究的结果表明了废水处理系统精确管理的机会。他们认为，大小是总体效用的一个重要指标——实际上，大小可能决定了单个颗粒微生物群的许多特征和废水处理系统的整体功能。

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引用次数: 0

MnO2-Catalyzed electrocatalytic mineralization of triclosan in chlorinated wastewater 二氧化锰催化氯化废水中三氯生电催化矿化研究

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100559

Asma Batool , Shan Shao , Kartick Chandra Majhi , Azeem Mushtaq , Yi Jiang , Wingkei Ho , Yiu Fai Tsang , Yuhe He , Kenneth Mei Yee Leung , Jason Chun-Ho Lam

The rising concentrations of xenobiotic aromatic compounds in the environment pose significant risks to human and ecosystem health. Developing a universal, environmentally benign, and scalable platform for mineralizing organic pollutants before their release into the environment is therefore crucial. Electrocatalysis can be highly advantageous for wastewater treatment because it is immediately responsive upon applying potential, requires no additional chemicals, and typically uses heterogeneous catalysts. However, achieving efficient electrochemical mineralization of wastewater pollutants at parts-per-million (ppm) levels remains a challenge. Here, we report the use of manganese dioxide (MnO₂), an Earth-abundant, chemically benign, and cost-effective electrocatalyst, to achieve over 99 % mineralization of triclosan (TCS) and other halogenated phenols at ppm levels. Two highly active MnO₂ phases—α-MnO₂-CC and δ-MnO₂-CC—were fabricated on inexpensive carbon cloth (CC) support and evaluated for their ability to oxidatively degrade TCS in pH-neutral conditions, including simulated chlorinated wastewater, real wastewater, and both synthetic and real landfill leachates. Total organic carbon analysis confirmed the effective degradation of TCS. Electron paramagnetic resonance and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy identified reactive oxygen species, enabling the construction of a detailed TCS degradation pathway. Upon optimization, the TCS removal rate reached 38.38 nmol min⁻¹, surpassing previously reported rates achieved with precious and toxic metal co-catalysts. These findings highlight MnO₂-CC as a promising, eco-friendly electrocatalyst with strong potential for upscaled remediation of organic pollutants in wastewater treatment.

环境中外生芳香族化合物浓度的上升对人类和生态系统健康构成重大风险。因此，开发一种通用的、环保的、可扩展的平台，在有机污染物释放到环境之前将其矿化是至关重要的。电催化对废水处理非常有利，因为它对施加电位立即反应，不需要额外的化学物质，并且通常使用多相催化剂。然而，在百万分之一（ppm）的水平上实现废水污染物的有效电化学矿化仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们报道了二氧化锰（MnO2）的使用，二氧化锰是一种地球上丰富的、化学良性的、具有成本效益的电催化剂，可以实现三氯生（TCS）和其他卤化酚在ppm水平下超过99%的矿化。在廉价碳布（CC）载体上制备了两种高活性MnO2相α-MnO2-CC和δ-MnO2-CC，并对其在ph中性条件下氧化降解TCS的能力进行了评价，包括模拟氯化废水、真实废水、合成和真实垃圾渗滤液。总有机碳分析证实了TCS的有效降解。电子顺磁共振和紫外可见光谱鉴定了活性氧，构建了详细的TCS降解途径。优化后，TCS去除率达到38.38 nmol min - 1，超过了之前报道的贵金属和有毒金属共催化剂的去除率。这些发现突出了MnO2-CC作为一种有前途的、环保的电催化剂，在污水处理中有机污染物的大规模修复方面具有强大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-resolved metatranscriptomics unveils distinct microbial functionalities across aggregate sizes in aerobic granular sludge 基因组解析的超转录组学揭示了好氧颗粒污泥中不同粒径的微生物功能

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100560

A.Y.A. Mohamed , Laurence Gill , Alejandro Monleon , Mario Pronk , Mark van Loosdrecht , Pascal E. Saikaly , Muhammad Ali

Microbial aggregates of different sizes in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) systems have been shown to exhibit distinct microbial community compositions. However, studies comparing the microbial activities of different-sized aggregates in AGS systems remain limited. In this study, genome-resolved metatranscriptomics was used to investigate microbial activity patterns within differently sized aggregates in a full-scale AGS plant. Our analysis revealed a weak correlation between the relative abundance of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and their transcriptomic activity, indicating that microbial abundance does not directly correspond to metabolic activity within the system. Flocculent sludge (FL; <0.2 mm) predominantly featured active nitrifiers and fermentative polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) from Candidatus Phosphoribacter, while small granules (SG; 0.2–1.0 mm) and large granules (LG; >1.0 mm) hosted more metabolically active PAOs affiliated with Ca. Accumulibacter. Differential gene expression analysis further supported these findings, demonstrating significantly higher expression levels of key phosphorus uptake genes associated with Ca. Accumulibacter in granular sludge (SG and LG) compared to flocculent sludge. Conversely, Ca. Phosphoribacter showed higher expression of these genes in the FL fraction. This study highlights distinct functional roles and metabolic activities of crucial microbial communities depending on aggregate size within AGS systems, offering new insights into optimizing wastewater treatment processes.

在好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）系统中，不同大小的微生物聚集体显示出不同的微生物群落组成。然而，比较AGS系统中不同粒径团聚体微生物活性的研究仍然有限。在这项研究中，基因组解析亚转录组学被用于研究全尺寸AGS植物中不同大小聚集体内的微生物活动模式。我们的分析显示，宏基因组组装基因组（MAGs）的相对丰度与其转录组活性之间存在弱相关性，这表明微生物丰度并不直接对应于系统内的代谢活性。絮凝污泥；0.2 mm)主要是活性硝化菌和来自Candidatus Phosphoribacter的发酵性聚磷微生物（PAOs），而小颗粒(SG；0.2-1.0 mm)和大颗粒(LG；>1.0 mm)含有更多与积累杆菌相关的代谢活性PAOs。差异基因表达分析进一步支持了这些发现，表明与絮凝污泥相比，颗粒污泥（SG和LG）中与Ca. Accumulibacter相关的关键磷吸收基因的表达水平显著更高。相反，Ca. Phosphoribacter在FL片段中表现出较高的这些基因表达。这项研究强调了AGS系统中关键微生物群落的不同功能作用和代谢活动，这取决于它们的聚集大小，为优化废水处理工艺提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Biocides as drivers of antibiotic resistance: A critical review of environmental implications and public health risks 杀菌剂作为抗生素耐药性的驱动因素：对环境影响和公共卫生风险的批判性审查

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100557

Mariana Sousa , Idalina Machado , Lúcia C. Simões , Manuel Simões

The widespread and indiscriminate use of biocides poses significant threats to global health, socioeconomic development, and environmental sustainability by accelerating antibiotic resistance. Bacterial resistance development is highly complex and influenced significantly by environmental factors. Increased biocide usage in households, agriculture, livestock farming, industrial settings, and hospitals produces persistent chemical residues that pollute soil and aquatic environments. Such contaminants contribute to the selection and proliferation of resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), facilitating their dissemination among humans, animals, and ecosystems. In this review, we conduct a critical assessment of four significant issues pertaining to this topic. Specifically, (i) the role of biocides in exerting selective pressure within the environmental resistome, thereby promoting the proliferation of resistant microbial populations and contributing to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs); (ii) the role of biocides in triggering transient phenotypic adaptations in bacteria, including efflux pump overexpression, membrane alterations, and reduced porin expression, which often result in cross-resistance to multiple antibiotics; (iii) the capacity of biocides to disrupt bacteria and make the genetic content accessible, releasing DNA into the environment that remains intact under certain conditions, facilitating horizontal gene transfer and the spread of resistance determinants; (iv) the capacity of biocides to disrupt bacterial cells, releasing intact DNA into the environment and enhancing horizontal gene transfer of resistance determinants; and (iv) the selective interactions between biocides and bacterial biofilms in the environment, strengthening biofilm cohesion, inducing resistance mechanisms, and creating reservoirs for resistant microorganisms and ARG dissemination. Collectively, this review highlights the critical environmental and public health implications of biocide use, emphasizing an urgent need for strategic interventions to mitigate their role in antibiotic resistance proliferation.

杀菌剂的广泛和滥用加速了抗生素耐药性，对全球健康、社会经济发展和环境可持续性构成重大威胁。细菌耐药性的发展非常复杂，受环境因素的影响很大。在家庭、农业、畜牧业、工业环境和医院中越来越多地使用杀菌剂，产生持久性化学残留物，污染土壤和水生环境。这些污染物有助于耐药细菌和抗微生物药物耐药性基因（ARGs）的选择和增殖，促进它们在人类、动物和生态系统中传播。在这篇综述中，我们对与该主题有关的四个重要问题进行了批判性评估。具体而言，(i)杀菌剂在环境抗性组内施加选择压力的作用，从而促进耐药微生物种群的增殖，并促进抗微生物药物耐药性基因（ARGs）的全球传播；（ii）杀菌剂在触发细菌短暂表型适应中的作用，包括外排泵过表达、膜改变和孔蛋白表达减少，这通常导致对多种抗生素的交叉抗性；（iii）杀菌剂破坏细菌和使遗传内容可接近的能力，将DNA释放到在某些条件下保持完整的环境中，促进水平基因转移和抗性决定因素的传播；（iv）杀菌剂破坏细菌细胞的能力，将完整的DNA释放到环境中，并加强抗性决定因素的水平基因转移；（iv）杀菌剂与环境中细菌生物膜之间的选择性相互作用，加强生物膜凝聚力，诱导抗性机制，并为耐药微生物和ARG传播创造储存库。总的来说，这篇综述强调了使用杀菌剂对环境和公共卫生的重要影响，强调迫切需要采取战略性干预措施，以减轻其在抗生素耐药性扩散中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Ultra-broadband coherent open-path spectroscopy for multi-gas monitoring in wastewater treatment 废水处理中多气体监测的超宽带相干开程光谱

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100554

Roderik Krebbers , Kees van Kempen , Yueyu Lin , Joris Meurs , Lisanne Hendriks , Ralf Aben , José R. Paranaiba , Christian Fritz , Annelies J. Veraart , Amir Khodabakhsh , Simona M. Cristescu

Wastewater treatment plants significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, including nitrous oxide (N₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and methane (CH₄). Current methods to measure these emissions typically target specific molecular compounds, providing limited scope and potentially incomplete emissions profiles. Here, we show an innovative ultra-broadband coherent open-path spectroscopy (COPS) system capable of simultaneously monitoring multiple greenhouse gases. This novel approach combines Fourier transform spectroscopy with a coherent, ultra-broadband mid-infrared light source spanning 2–11.5 μm at approximately 3 W power. Positioned above an aeration tank, the COPS system selectively detected absorption signatures for CH₄, CO₂, N₂O, ammonia (NH₃), carbon monoxide (CO), and water vapor (H₂O), enabling real-time, path-integrated concentration measurements with a temporal resolution of 40 s. Elevated concentrations of CH₄ and CO₂ were clearly identified within emission plumes traversing the beam path above the aeration tank. Additionally, CH₄ emission patterns closely tracked variations in ammonium loading from incoming wastewater, whereas CO₂ emissions correlated strongly with oxygen concentrations introduced during aeration. Measurements of N₂O, NH₃, and CO were stable and aligned closely with traditional point-based measurements from commercial gas analyzers. Our findings demonstrate that COPS offers a robust, comprehensive solution for the simultaneous real-time monitoring of multiple gases in complex and heterogeneous emission environments. This capability significantly enhances atmospheric and industrial emission assessments, potentially transforming the approach to emissions quantification and environmental management.

污水处理厂对温室气体排放有很大贡献，包括一氧化二氮（N2O）、二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH4）。目前测量这些排放的方法通常针对特定的分子化合物，提供有限的范围和可能不完整的排放概况。在这里，我们展示了一种创新的超宽带相干开放路径光谱（COPS）系统，能够同时监测多种温室气体。这种新颖的方法结合了傅里叶变换光谱与相干的超宽带中红外光源，光源跨度为2-11.5 μm，功率约为3w。位于曝气罐上方的COPS系统可以选择性地检测CH4、CO2、N2O、氨（NH3）、一氧化碳（CO）和水蒸气（H2O）的吸收特征，实现实时、路径集成的浓度测量，时间分辨率为40 s。在穿过曝气池上方光束路径的排放羽流中，CH4和CO2浓度明显升高。此外，CH4排放模式密切跟踪入水氨负荷的变化，而CO2排放与曝气过程中引入的氧浓度密切相关。N2O、NH3和CO的测量结果是稳定的，与传统的基于点的商业气体分析仪测量结果非常接近。我们的研究结果表明，COPS为在复杂和异质排放环境中同时实时监测多种气体提供了一个强大、全面的解决方案。这种能力大大加强了大气和工业排放评估，可能改变排放量化和环境管理的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Urbanization leads to asynchronous homogenization of soil microbial communities across biomes 城市化导致不同生物群系土壤微生物群落的非同步同质化

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100547

Bangxiao Zheng , Nan Hui , Ari Jumpponen , Changyi Lu , Richard Pouyat , Katalin Szlavecz , David A. Wardle , Ian Yesilonis , Heikki Setälä , D. Johan Kotze

Soil bacterial and fungal communities play fundamental roles in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem stability. Urbanization alters soil properties and microbial habitats, driving shifts in community composition, yet the divergent responses of bacteria and fungi and their ecological consequences remain inadequately understood. To elucidate these differential responses, we investigated soil bacterial and fungal communities along an urbanization gradient, ranging from undisturbed reference forests to urban parks, across three distinct climatic regions. To capture different disturbance intensities, urban parks were classified by tree age into old parks (>60-year-old trees) and young parks (10–20-year-old trees). Climate had a strong influence on soil microbiota, yet urbanization still significantly altered both bacterial and fungal communities in all regions. Urban disturbances homogenized soil microbial communities: average similarity among bacterial communities increased from ∼79 % in forests to ∼85 % in young urban parks, indicating substantial homogenization, whereas fungal communities showed little homogenization. Urbanization also homogenized microbial functional traits, with a greater reduction in trait dissimilarity for bacteria than for fungi. Bacterial communities exhibited high adjustability to urban conditions, dominated by generalist taxa (∼90 %), whereas fungal communities consisted mostly of specialists (∼83 %). Despite these asynchronous responses—bacteria adjusting and homogenizing more than fungi—overlapping functional traits between bacteria and fungi help maintain functional resilience in urban ecosystems.

土壤细菌和真菌群落在生物地球化学循环和生态系统稳定中起着重要作用。城市化改变了土壤性质和微生物栖息地，推动了群落组成的变化，但细菌和真菌的不同反应及其生态后果仍未得到充分了解。为了阐明这些不同的反应，我们研究了沿着城市化梯度的土壤细菌和真菌群落，范围从未受干扰的参考森林到城市公园，跨越三个不同的气候区域。为了捕捉不同的干扰强度，将城市公园按树龄划分为老公园（60年树龄）和幼公园（10 - 20年树龄）。气候对土壤微生物群有强烈的影响，但城市化仍显著改变了所有地区的细菌和真菌群落。城市扰动使土壤微生物群落均质化：细菌群落的平均相似性从森林的~ 79%增加到年轻的城市公园的~ 85%，表明存在实质性的均质化，而真菌群落几乎没有均质化。城市化也使微生物功能特征同质化，细菌的特征差异比真菌的特征差异减少得更多。细菌群落对城市条件表现出高度的适应性，以通才类群为主（约90%），而真菌群落主要由专才类群组成（约83%）。尽管存在这些不同步的反应——细菌调节和同质化比真菌更多——细菌和真菌之间重叠的功能特征有助于维持城市生态系统的功能弹性。

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引用次数: 0

Global readiness for carbon neutrality: From targets to action 全球碳中和准备：从目标到行动

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100546

Shihui Zhang , Wenjia Cai , Xinzhu Zheng , Xuedu Lv , Kangxin An , Yuan Cao , Hou Sang Cheng , Jingyi Dai , Xinyang Dong , Shuting Fan , Yiying Gao , Zaizuo Gong , Yusheng Guan , Congkai Hong , Jie Li , Mingyu Li , Yukai Li , Songrun Liang , Weiyi Liao , Zhongqi Ma , Kebin He

The global push for carbon neutrality highlights the need for rigorous assessments of whether national efforts align with stated targets. However, existing evaluations often prioritize commitments over tangible progress, lacking comprehensive and transparent metrics. To bridge this gap, we develop a multidimensional indicator system that evaluates targets, policies, actions, and effectiveness across key areas, including policy implementation, technology deployment, financial investment, and international cooperation. While 151 countries have pledged carbon neutrality—19 of which are developing nations that made commitments in 2024—implementation remains uneven. Only 72 countries have established complete policy frameworks, and advanced low-carbon technologies are concentrated in a handful of nations. Current trends indicate that global renewable energy capacity will reach just 2.7 times its 2022 level by 2030, falling short of the tripling target. Moreover, the global median action score in 2024 stands at only 25—far below the target of 65—highlighting the urgency for stronger efforts. Our findings reveal a significant gap between ambition and action, with renewable energy deployment lagging behind expectations. To accelerate progress, enhanced global cooperation, increased investment, and fewer barriers to technology diffusion are crucial. This study underscores the need for more implementation-focused tracking to ensure carbon neutrality commitments translate into measurable outcomes.

全球对碳中和的推动凸显了对各国努力是否符合既定目标进行严格评估的必要性。然而，现有的评价往往将承诺置于实际进展之上，缺乏全面和透明的衡量标准。为了弥补这一差距，我们制定了一个多维指标体系，对政策实施、技术部署、金融投资和国际合作等关键领域的目标、政策、行动和有效性进行评估。尽管151个国家已经承诺实现碳中和，其中19个是发展中国家，并在2024年做出了承诺，但实施情况仍然参差不齐。只有72个国家建立了完整的政策框架，先进的低碳技术集中在少数几个国家。目前的趋势表明，到2030年，全球可再生能源容量将仅达到2022年水平的2.7倍，达不到翻三番的目标。此外，到2024年，全球行动得分中位数仅为25分，远低于65分的目标，这凸显了加强努力的紧迫性。我们的研究结果揭示了雄心与行动之间的巨大差距，可再生能源的部署落后于预期。为加快进展，加强全球合作、增加投资和减少技术传播障碍至关重要。这项研究强调，需要更多以实施为重点的跟踪，以确保碳中和承诺转化为可衡量的成果。

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引用次数: 0

Climate change unveils hidden microbial dangers

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100544

Haoxuan Yu

Climate change is driving unprecedented transformations in aquatic ecosystems, where microorganisms play a fundamental role in maintaining ecological balance and human health security. Rising water temperatures, pollution intensification, and extreme weather events are driving significant shifts in microbial community structures. These changes facilitate the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms such as Vibrio cholerae and harmful algae like cyanobacteria, which thrive in warmer, nutrient-enriched environments. The resulting harmful algal blooms release potent toxins, such as microcystins, that contaminate drinking water and food supplies, leading to severe health impacts, including liver diseases and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, antibiotic resistance genes are spreading more rapidly due to climate-induced stressors, increasing the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and compounding the challenges for global health systems. This discussion article demonstrates that climate change influences aquatic microbial ecosystems through interconnected mechanisms, including shifts in gene transfer networks, alterations in microbial metabolism, and ecological feedback loops, ultimately increasing waterborne disease risks and antimicrobial resistance. Specific solutions are proposed, such as advancing wastewater treatment technologies to address climate-induced pollution, establishing global microbial monitoring networks leveraging remote sensing and molecular tools, and implementing early warning systems for waterborne disease outbreaks. Additionally, the discussion article emphasizes the critical role of international cooperation in funding and capacity-building efforts, particularly in developing regions with fragile infrastructures. By highlighting these pressing challenges and proposing actionable strategies, this research underscores the urgent need for integrated approaches to safeguard water resources, mitigate microbial hazards, and enhance public health resilience in an era of accelerating climate change.

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引用次数: 0

A quantitative assessment framework for water-related policies in large river basins

IF 14 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100537

Yi-Lin Zhao , Han-Jun Sun , Jie Ding , Ji-Wei Pang , Mei-Yun Lu , Nan-Qi Ren , Shan-Shan Yang

Effective water management in large river basins requires a comprehensive understanding of policy effectiveness and regulatory frameworks. However, quantitative assessments of water-related policies remain limited. Here, we propose a novel quantitative framework for evaluating water policies in large river basins, providing an intuitive and systematic approach for decision-makers. Using the Yellow River Basin—the second-largest river basin in China—as a case study, we constructed a database of 1271 water-related policies spanning 68 cities. We assessed the completeness of nine representative policies, identifying key gaps in water environment governance. To evaluate management effectiveness, we developed a system integrating two key subsystems: water resource utilization and water environment treatment, incorporating climatic, economic, and industrial factors. Our findings reveal that water environment governance policies were more effective than those targeting water resource utilization, though their impact was delayed by one to two years. Furthermore, a risk-based analysis pinpointed critical water management challenges in each city, offering actionable insights for policy optimization. This framework provides a robust and scalable approach for assessing the effectiveness of complex water policies in large river basins, with global applicability for improving water governance.

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引用次数: 0