Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100427
Sameh S. Ali , Tamer Elsamahy , Rania Al-Tohamy , Jianzhong Sun
Plastic waste discarded into aquatic environments gradually degrades into smaller fragments, known as microplastics (MPs), which range in size from 0.05 to 5 mm. The ubiquity of MPs poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and, by extension, human health, as these particles are ingested by various marine organisms including zooplankton, crustaceans, and fish, eventually entering the human food chain. This contamination threatens the entire ecological balance, encompassing food safety and the health of aquatic systems. Consequently, developing effective MP removal technologies has emerged as a critical area of research. Here, we summarize the mechanisms and recently reported strategies for removing MPs from aquatic ecosystems. Strategies combining physical and chemical pretreatments with microbial degradation have shown promise in decomposing MPs. Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and specific enzymes are being leveraged in MP remediation efforts. Recent advancements have focused on innovative methods such as membrane bioreactors, synthetic biology, organosilane-based techniques, biofilm-mediated remediation, and nanomaterial-enabled strategies, with nano-enabled technologies demonstrating substantial potential to enhance MP removal efficiency. This review aims to stimulate further innovation in effective MP removal methods, promoting environmental and social well-being.
{"title":"A critical review of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems: Degradation mechanisms and removing strategies","authors":"Sameh S. Ali , Tamer Elsamahy , Rania Al-Tohamy , Jianzhong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic waste discarded into aquatic environments gradually degrades into smaller fragments, known as microplastics (MPs), which range in size from 0.05 to 5 mm. The ubiquity of MPs poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and, by extension, human health, as these particles are ingested by various marine organisms including zooplankton, crustaceans, and fish, eventually entering the human food chain. This contamination threatens the entire ecological balance, encompassing food safety and the health of aquatic systems. Consequently, developing effective MP removal technologies has emerged as a critical area of research. Here, we summarize the mechanisms and recently reported strategies for removing MPs from aquatic ecosystems. Strategies combining physical and chemical pretreatments with microbial degradation have shown promise in decomposing MPs. Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and specific enzymes are being leveraged in MP remediation efforts. Recent advancements have focused on innovative methods such as membrane bioreactors, synthetic biology, organosilane-based techniques, biofilm-mediated remediation, and nanomaterial-enabled strategies, with nano-enabled technologies demonstrating substantial potential to enhance MP removal efficiency. This review aims to stimulate further innovation in effective MP removal methods, promoting environmental and social well-being.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000413/pdfft?md5=890bd9ed74e711f83d2f14e0956d73c7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000413-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100424
Bin Bian , Wenxiang Zhang , Najiaowa Yu , Wei Yang , Jiajie Xu , Bruce E. Logan , Pascal E. Saikaly
Fruits, vegetables, and dairy products are typically the primary sources of household food waste. Currently, anaerobic digestion is the most used bioprocess for the treatment of food waste with concomitant generation of biogas. However, to achieve a circular carbon economy, the organics in food waste should be converted to new chemicals with higher value than energy. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of medium-chain carboxylic acid (MCCA) production from expired dairy and beverage waste via a chain elongation platform mediated by lactate. In a two-stage fermentation process, the first stage with optimized operational conditions, including varying temperatures and organic loading rates, transformed expired dairy and beverage waste into lactate at a concentration higher than 900 mM C at 43 °C. This lactate was then used to produce >500 mM C caproate and >300 mM C butyrate via microbial chain elongation. Predominantly, lactate-producing microbes such as Lactobacillus and Lacticaseibacillus were regulated by temperature and could be highly enriched under mesophilic conditions in the first-stage reactor. In the second-stage chain elongation reactor, the dominating microbes were primarily from the genera Megasphaera and Caproiciproducens, shaped by varying feed and inoculum sources. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed positive correlations among species from the genera Caproiciproducens, Ruminococcus, and CAG-352, as well as Megasphaera, Bacteroides, and Solobacterium, indicating strong microbial interactions that enhance caproate production. These findings suggest that producing MCCAs from expired dairy and beverage waste via lactate-mediated chain elongation is a viable method for sustainable waste management and could serve as a chemical production platform in the context of building a circular bioeconomy.
水果、蔬菜和奶制品通常是家庭厨余的主要来源。目前,厌氧消化是处理厨余垃圾并同时产生沼气的最常用生物工艺。然而,为了实现循环碳经济,应该将厨余垃圾中的有机物转化为比能源价值更高的新化学品。在这里,我们展示了通过乳酸盐介导的链延伸平台从过期乳制品和饮料废弃物中生产中链羧酸(MCCA)的可行性。在一个两阶段的发酵过程中,第一阶段采用优化的操作条件(包括不同的温度和有机物负载率),在 43 °C 的条件下将过期乳制品和饮料废料转化为浓度高于 900 mM C 的乳酸。然后,这种乳酸盐通过微生物的链延伸作用被用于生产 500 mM C 的己酸盐和 300 mM C 的丁酸盐。在第一阶段的反应器中,主要是乳酸菌和乳酸酶杆菌等产生乳酸的微生物受温度调节,并可在中嗜酸条件下高度富集。在第二阶段的链延伸反应器中,主要微生物主要来自于 Megasphaera 和 Caproiciproducens 属,并受不同饲料和接种源的影响。共生网络分析显示,Caproiciproducens 属、Ruminococcus 属、CAG-352 属以及 Megasphaera 属、Bacteroides 属和 Solobacterium 属的物种之间存在正相关关系,这表明微生物之间存在很强的相互作用,从而提高了己酸酯的产量。这些研究结果表明,通过乳酸介导的链延伸从过期乳制品和饮料废弃物中生产己二酸二甲酯是一种可持续废物管理的可行方法,并可在建立循环生物经济的背景下作为一种化学品生产平台。
{"title":"Lactate-mediated medium-chain fatty acid production from expired dairy and beverage waste","authors":"Bin Bian , Wenxiang Zhang , Najiaowa Yu , Wei Yang , Jiajie Xu , Bruce E. Logan , Pascal E. Saikaly","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fruits, vegetables, and dairy products are typically the primary sources of household food waste. Currently, anaerobic digestion is the most used bioprocess for the treatment of food waste with concomitant generation of biogas. However, to achieve a circular carbon economy, the organics in food waste should be converted to new chemicals with higher value than energy. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of medium-chain carboxylic acid (MCCA) production from expired dairy and beverage waste via a chain elongation platform mediated by lactate. In a two-stage fermentation process, the first stage with optimized operational conditions, including varying temperatures and organic loading rates, transformed expired dairy and beverage waste into lactate at a concentration higher than 900 mM C at 43 °C. This lactate was then used to produce >500 mM C caproate and >300 mM C butyrate via microbial chain elongation. Predominantly, lactate-producing microbes such as <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Lacticaseibacillus</em> were regulated by temperature and could be highly enriched under mesophilic conditions in the first-stage reactor. In the second-stage chain elongation reactor, the dominating microbes were primarily from the genera <em>Megasphaera</em> and <em>Caproiciproducens</em>, shaped by varying feed and inoculum sources. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed positive correlations among species from the genera <em>Caproiciproducens</em>, <em>Ruminococcus</em>, and <em>CAG</em>-352, as well as <em>Megasphaera</em>, <em>Bacteroides</em>, and <em>Solobacterium</em>, indicating strong microbial interactions that enhance caproate production. These findings suggest that producing MCCAs from expired dairy and beverage waste via lactate-mediated chain elongation is a viable method for sustainable waste management and could serve as a chemical production platform in the context of building a circular bioeconomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000383/pdfft?md5=90f0c5616c3359736003e0f1b2d48165&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000383-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100421
Honglong Zhang , Qiaoqiao Zhao , Kangbao Zhong , Ruopeng Bai , Jiaojiao Dong , Jun Ma , Jing Zhang , Timothy J. Strathmann
Research efforts on permanganate (Mn(VII)) combined with redox-mediator (RM), have received increasing attention due to their significant performance for bisphenol-A (BPA) removal. However, the mechanisms underpinning BPA degradation remain underexplored. Here we show the overlooked interactions between RM and BPA during permanganate oxidation by introducing an RM—N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI). We discovered that the concurrent generation of MnO2 and phthalimide-N-oxyl (PINO) radical significantly enhances BPA oxidation within the pH range of 5.0–6.0. The detection of radical cross-coupling products between PINO radicals and BPA or its derivatives corroborates the pivotal role of radical cross-coupling in BPA oxidation. Intriguingly, we observed the formation of an NHPI-BPA complex, which undergoes preferential oxidation by Mn(VII), marked by the emergence of an electron-rich domain in NHPI. These findings unveil the underlying mechanisms in the Mn(VII)/RM system and bridge the knowledge gap concerning BPA transformation via complexation. This research paves the way for further exploration into optimizing complexation sites and RM dosage, significantly enhancing the system's efficiency in water treatment applications.
高锰酸盐(Mn(VII))与氧化还原介质(RM)的研究工作因其在去除双酚-A(BPA)方面的显著效果而受到越来越多的关注。然而,人们对双酚 A 降解的机理仍未充分探究。在这里,我们通过引入 RM-N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI),展示了在高锰酸盐氧化过程中 RM 与双酚 A 之间被忽视的相互作用。我们发现,在 pH 值为 5.0-6.0 的范围内,同时生成 MnO2 和邻苯二甲酰亚胺-N-氧自由基(PINO)可显著增强双酚 A 的氧化作用。PINO 自由基与双酚 A 或其衍生物之间的自由基交叉偶联产物的检测证实了自由基交叉偶联在双酚 A 氧化过程中的关键作用。耐人寻味的是,我们观察到 NHPI-BPA 复合物的形成,该复合物会优先被 Mn(VII)氧化,其标志是 NHPI 中出现了一个富电子域。这些发现揭示了 Mn(VII)/RM 系统的基本机制,弥补了有关双酚 A 通过络合转化的知识空白。这项研究为进一步探索优化络合位点和 RM 用量铺平了道路,从而大大提高了该系统在水处理应用中的效率。
{"title":"Overlooked interaction between redox-mediator and bisphenol-A in permanganate oxidation","authors":"Honglong Zhang , Qiaoqiao Zhao , Kangbao Zhong , Ruopeng Bai , Jiaojiao Dong , Jun Ma , Jing Zhang , Timothy J. Strathmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research efforts on permanganate (Mn(VII)) combined with redox-mediator (RM), have received increasing attention due to their significant performance for bisphenol-A (BPA) removal. However, the mechanisms underpinning BPA degradation remain underexplored. Here we show the overlooked interactions between RM and BPA during permanganate oxidation by introducing an RM—N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI). We discovered that the concurrent generation of MnO<sub>2</sub> and phthalimide-<em>N</em>-oxyl (PINO) radical significantly enhances BPA oxidation within the pH range of 5.0–6.0. The detection of radical cross-coupling products between PINO radicals and BPA or its derivatives corroborates the pivotal role of radical cross-coupling in BPA oxidation. Intriguingly, we observed the formation of an NHPI-BPA complex, which undergoes preferential oxidation by Mn(VII), marked by the emergence of an electron-rich domain in NHPI. These findings unveil the underlying mechanisms in the Mn(VII)/RM system and bridge the knowledge gap concerning BPA transformation via complexation. This research paves the way for further exploration into optimizing complexation sites and RM dosage, significantly enhancing the system's efficiency in water treatment applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000358/pdfft?md5=94f0e165188da85406483c76afe9cbdc&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000358-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100422
Le-Yao Xing , Guan-Han Meng , Ji-Xian Yang , Ming-Han Xu , Yi-Ming Xu , Hai-Xiao Xie , Ai-Jie Wang , Yi-Lu Sun
Remediating soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) presents a significant environmental challenge due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties. Traditional PAHs remediation methods—chemical, thermal, and bioremediation—along with conventional soil-washing agents like surfactants and cyclodextrins face challenges of cost, ecological harm, and inefficiency. Here we show an effective and environmentally friendly calixarene derivative for PAHs removal through soil washing. Thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (TCAS) has a unique molecular structure of a sulfonate group and a sulfur atom, which enhances its solubility and facilitates selective binding with PAHs. It forms host-guest complexes with PAHs through π-π stacking, OH-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic interactions. These interactions enable partial encapsulation of PAH molecules, aiding their desorption from the soil matrix. Our results show that a 0.7% solution of TCAS can extract approximately 50% of PAHs from contaminated soil while preserving soil nutrients and minimizing adverse environmental effects. This research unveils the pioneering application of TCAS in removing PAHs from contaminated soil, marking a transformative advancement in resource-efficient and sustainable soil remediation strategies.
{"title":"PAHs removal by soil washing with thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate","authors":"Le-Yao Xing , Guan-Han Meng , Ji-Xian Yang , Ming-Han Xu , Yi-Ming Xu , Hai-Xiao Xie , Ai-Jie Wang , Yi-Lu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Remediating soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) presents a significant environmental challenge due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties. Traditional PAHs remediation methods—chemical, thermal, and bioremediation—along with conventional soil-washing agents like surfactants and cyclodextrins face challenges of cost, ecological harm, and inefficiency. Here we show an effective and environmentally friendly calixarene derivative for PAHs removal through soil washing. Thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (TCAS) has a unique molecular structure of a sulfonate group and a sulfur atom, which enhances its solubility and facilitates selective binding with PAHs. It forms host-guest complexes with PAHs through π-π stacking, OH-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic interactions. These interactions enable partial encapsulation of PAH molecules, aiding their desorption from the soil matrix. Our results show that a 0.7% solution of TCAS can extract approximately 50% of PAHs from contaminated soil while preserving soil nutrients and minimizing adverse environmental effects. This research unveils the pioneering application of TCAS in removing PAHs from contaminated soil, marking a transformative advancement in resource-efficient and sustainable soil remediation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266649842400036X/pdfft?md5=96bac56bc159130941db8e4b33781ba9&pid=1-s2.0-S266649842400036X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140788486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100423
Qiuyun Zhao , Yangyang Zhang , Xiuwen Li , Xiaodong Hu , Rui Huang , Jixiong Xu , Zilong Yin , Xinjie Gu , Yuncheng Xu , Jinbao Yin , Qing Zhou , Aimin Li , Peng Shi
Evaluating the health of river surface water is essential, as rivers support significant biological resources and serve as vital drinking water sources. While the Water Quality Index (WQI) is commonly employed to evaluate surface water quality, it fails to consider biodiversity and does not fully capture the ecological health of rivers. Here we show a comprehensive assessment of the ecological health of surface water in the lower Yangtze River (LYR), integrating chemical and biological metrics. According to traditional WQI metrics, the LYR's surface water generally meets China's Class II standards. However, it also contains 43 high-risk emerging contaminants; nitrobenzenes are found at the highest concentrations, representing 25–90% of total detections, while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present the most substantial environmental risks, accounting for 81–93% of the total risk quotient. Notably, the plankton-based index of biological integrity (P-IBI) rates the ecological health of the majority of LYR water samples (59.7%) as ‘fair’, with significantly better health observed in autumn compared to other seasons (p < 0.01). Our findings suggest that including emerging contaminants and P-IBI as additional metrics can enhance the traditional WQI analysis in evaluating surface water's ecological health. These results highlight the need for a multidimensional assessment approach and call for improvements to LYR's ecological health, focusing on emerging contaminants and biodiversity rather than solely on reducing conventional indicators.
{"title":"Evaluating a river's ecological health: A multidimensional approach","authors":"Qiuyun Zhao , Yangyang Zhang , Xiuwen Li , Xiaodong Hu , Rui Huang , Jixiong Xu , Zilong Yin , Xinjie Gu , Yuncheng Xu , Jinbao Yin , Qing Zhou , Aimin Li , Peng Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evaluating the health of river surface water is essential, as rivers support significant biological resources and serve as vital drinking water sources. While the Water Quality Index (WQI) is commonly employed to evaluate surface water quality, it fails to consider biodiversity and does not fully capture the ecological health of rivers. Here we show a comprehensive assessment of the ecological health of surface water in the lower Yangtze River (LYR), integrating chemical and biological metrics. According to traditional WQI metrics, the LYR's surface water generally meets China's Class II standards. However, it also contains 43 high-risk emerging contaminants; nitrobenzenes are found at the highest concentrations, representing 25–90% of total detections, while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present the most substantial environmental risks, accounting for 81–93% of the total risk quotient. Notably, the plankton-based index of biological integrity (P-IBI) rates the ecological health of the majority of LYR water samples (59.7%) as ‘fair’, with significantly better health observed in autumn compared to other seasons (<em>p</em> < 0.01). Our findings suggest that including emerging contaminants and P-IBI as additional metrics can enhance the traditional WQI analysis in evaluating surface water's ecological health. These results highlight the need for a multidimensional assessment approach and call for improvements to LYR's ecological health, focusing on emerging contaminants and biodiversity rather than solely on reducing conventional indicators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000371/pdfft?md5=71500d96c1a838a39a4a75c1d01233ed&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000371-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140789594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100420
Qingqing Song , Fanying Kong , Bing-Feng Liu , Xueting Song , Hong-Yu Ren
Chlorinated organic pollutants constitute a significant category of persistent organic pollutants due to their widespread presence in the environment, which is primarily attributed to the expansion of agricultural and industrial activities. These pollutants are characterized by their persistence, potent toxicity, and capability for long-range dispersion, emphasizing the importance of their eradication to mitigate environmental pollution. While conventional methods for removing chlorinated organic pollutants encompass advanced oxidation, catalytic oxidation, and bioremediation, the utilization of biochar has emerged as a prominent green and efficacious method in recent years. Here we review biochar's role in remediating typical chlorinated organics, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), triclosan (TCS), trichloroethene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and chlorobenzenes (CBs). We focus on the impact of biochar material properties on the adsorption mechanisms of chlorinated organics. This review highlights the use of biochar as a sustainable and eco-friendly method for removing chlorinated organic pollutants, especially when combined with biological or chemical strategies. Biochar facilitates electron transfer efficiency between microorganisms, promoting the growth of dechlorinating bacteria and mitigating the toxicity of chlorinated organics through adsorption. Furthermore, biochar can activate processes such as advanced oxidation or nano zero-valent iron, generating free radicals to decompose chlorinated organic compounds. We observe a broader application of biochar and bioprocesses for treating chlorinated organic pollutants in soil, reducing environmental impacts. Conversely, for water-based pollutants, integrating biochar with chemical methods proved more effective, leading to superior purification results. This review contributes to the theoretical and practical application of biochar for removing environmental chlorinated organic pollutants.
{"title":"Biochar-based composites for removing chlorinated organic pollutants: Applications, mechanisms, and perspectives","authors":"Qingqing Song , Fanying Kong , Bing-Feng Liu , Xueting Song , Hong-Yu Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chlorinated organic pollutants constitute a significant category of persistent organic pollutants due to their widespread presence in the environment, which is primarily attributed to the expansion of agricultural and industrial activities. These pollutants are characterized by their persistence, potent toxicity, and capability for long-range dispersion, emphasizing the importance of their eradication to mitigate environmental pollution. While conventional methods for removing chlorinated organic pollutants encompass advanced oxidation, catalytic oxidation, and bioremediation, the utilization of biochar has emerged as a prominent green and efficacious method in recent years. Here we review biochar's role in remediating typical chlorinated organics, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), triclosan (TCS), trichloroethene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and chlorobenzenes (CBs). We focus on the impact of biochar material properties on the adsorption mechanisms of chlorinated organics. This review highlights the use of biochar as a sustainable and eco-friendly method for removing chlorinated organic pollutants, especially when combined with biological or chemical strategies. Biochar facilitates electron transfer efficiency between microorganisms, promoting the growth of dechlorinating bacteria and mitigating the toxicity of chlorinated organics through adsorption. Furthermore, biochar can activate processes such as advanced oxidation or nano zero-valent iron, generating free radicals to decompose chlorinated organic compounds. We observe a broader application of biochar and bioprocesses for treating chlorinated organic pollutants in soil, reducing environmental impacts. Conversely, for water-based pollutants, integrating biochar with chemical methods proved more effective, leading to superior purification results. This review contributes to the theoretical and practical application of biochar for removing environmental chlorinated organic pollutants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000346/pdfft?md5=4fa753d162d645e74b728ba849d8fbc8&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000346-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100419
Deepak H. Basavegowda , Inga Schleip , Paul Mosebach , Cornelia Weltzien
Deep learning (DL) has huge potential to provide valuable insights into biodiversity changes in species-rich agricultural ecosystems such as semi-natural grasslands, helping to prioritize and plan conservation efforts. However, DL has been underexplored in grassland conservation efforts, hindered by data scarcity, intricate ecosystem interactions, and limited economic incentives. Here, we developed a DL-based object-detection model to identify indicator species, a group of vascular plant species that serve as surrogates for biodiversity assessment in high nature value (HNV) grasslands. We selected indicator species Armeria maritima, Campanula patula, Cirsium oleraceum, and Daucus carota. To overcome the hurdle of limited data, we grew indicator plants under controlled greenhouse conditions, generating a sufficient dataset for DL model training. The model was initially trained on this greenhouse dataset. Then, smaller datasets derived from an experimental grassland plot and natural grasslands were added to the training to facilitate the transition from greenhouse to field conditions. Our optimized model achieved remarkable average precision (AP) on test datasets, with 98.6 AP50 on greenhouse data, 98.2 AP50 on experimental grassland data, and 96.5 AP50 on semi-natural grassland data. Our findings highlight the innovative application of greenhouse-grown specimens for the in-situ identification of plants, bolstering biodiversity monitoring in grassland ecosystems. Furthermore, the study illuminates the promising role of DL techniques in conservation programs, particularly as a monitoring tool to support result-based agri-environment schemes.
{"title":"Deep learning-based detection of indicator species for monitoring biodiversity in semi-natural grasslands","authors":"Deepak H. Basavegowda , Inga Schleip , Paul Mosebach , Cornelia Weltzien","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2024.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep learning (DL) has huge potential to provide valuable insights into biodiversity changes in species-rich agricultural ecosystems such as semi-natural grasslands, helping to prioritize and plan conservation efforts. However, DL has been underexplored in grassland conservation efforts, hindered by data scarcity, intricate ecosystem interactions, and limited economic incentives. Here, we developed a DL-based object-detection model to identify indicator species, a group of vascular plant species that serve as surrogates for biodiversity assessment in high nature value (HNV) grasslands. We selected indicator species <em>Armeria maritima, Campanula patula, Cirsium oleraceum,</em> and <em>Daucus carota</em>. To overcome the hurdle of limited data, we grew indicator plants under controlled greenhouse conditions, generating a sufficient dataset for DL model training. The model was initially trained on this greenhouse dataset. Then, smaller datasets derived from an experimental grassland plot and natural grasslands were added to the training to facilitate the transition from greenhouse to field conditions. Our optimized model achieved remarkable average precision (AP) on test datasets, with 98.6 AP<sub>50</sub> on greenhouse data, 98.2 AP<sub>50</sub> on experimental grassland data, and 96.5 AP<sub>50</sub> on semi-natural grassland data. Our findings highlight the innovative application of greenhouse-grown specimens for the in-situ identification of plants, bolstering biodiversity monitoring in grassland ecosystems. Furthermore, the study illuminates the promising role of DL techniques in conservation programs, particularly as a monitoring tool to support result-based agri-environment schemes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000334/pdfft?md5=22845bfb8d365054e1e1168c6cbae9f7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000334-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140647738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100418
Menglong Liao , Ye Qiu , Yan Tian , Zeng Li , Tongtong liu , Xinlei Feng , Guohong Liu , Yujie Feng
Urban surface water pollution poses significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Conventional nitrogen removal technologies used in urban surface water exhibit drawbacks such as high consumption of carbon sources, high sludge production, and focus on dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration while neglecting the impact of DO gradients. Here, we show an ecological filter walls (EFW) that removes pollutants from urban surface water. We utilized a polymer-based three-dimensional matrix to enhance water permeability, and emergent plants were integrated into the EFW to facilitate biofilm formation. We observed that varying aeration intensities within the EFW's aerobic zone resulted in distinct DO gradients, with an optimal DO control at 3.19 ± 0.2 mg L−1 achieving superior nitrogen removal efficiencies. Specifically, the removal efficiencies of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate were 79.4%, 81.3%, 99.6%, and 79.1%, respectively. Microbial community analysis under a 3 mg L−1 DO condition revealed a shift in microbial composition and abundance, with genera such as Dechloromonas, Acinetobacter, unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae, SM1A02 and Pseudomonas playing pivotal roles in carbon and nitrogen elimination. Notably, the EFW facilitated shortcut nitrification-denitrification processes, predominantly contributing to nitrogen removal. Considering low manufacturing cost, flexible application, small artificial trace, and good pollutant removal ability, EFW has promising potential as an innovative approach to urban surface water treatment.
{"title":"Ecological filter walls for efficient pollutant removal from urban surface water","authors":"Menglong Liao , Ye Qiu , Yan Tian , Zeng Li , Tongtong liu , Xinlei Feng , Guohong Liu , Yujie Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urban surface water pollution poses significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Conventional nitrogen removal technologies used in urban surface water exhibit drawbacks such as high consumption of carbon sources, high sludge production, and focus on dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration while neglecting the impact of DO gradients. Here, we show an ecological filter walls (EFW) that removes pollutants from urban surface water. We utilized a polymer-based three-dimensional matrix to enhance water permeability, and emergent plants were integrated into the EFW to facilitate biofilm formation. We observed that varying aeration intensities within the EFW's aerobic zone resulted in distinct DO gradients, with an optimal DO control at 3.19 ± 0.2 mg L<sup>−1</sup> achieving superior nitrogen removal efficiencies. Specifically, the removal efficiencies of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate were 79.4%, 81.3%, 99.6%, and 79.1%, respectively. Microbial community analysis under a 3 mg L<sup>−1</sup> DO condition revealed a shift in microbial composition and abundance, with genera such as <em>Dechloromonas</em>, <em>Acinetobacter</em>, unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae, <em>SM</em>1<em>A</em>02 and <em>Pseudomonas</em> playing pivotal roles in carbon and nitrogen elimination. Notably, the EFW facilitated shortcut nitrification-denitrification processes, predominantly contributing to nitrogen removal. Considering low manufacturing cost, flexible application, small artificial trace, and good pollutant removal ability, EFW has promising potential as an innovative approach to urban surface water treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000322/pdfft?md5=e75f43df3d21068cf23cb1dd55bac951&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000322-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140398950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100415
Qianqian Pan , Tianxing Lv , Haorong Xu , Hongda Fang , Meng Li , Jiaping Zhu , Yue Wang , Xiaoyan Fan , Ping Xu , Xiuguo Wang , Qiangwei Wang , Haruna Matsumoto , Mengcen Wang
Emerging evidence suggests a link between alterations in the gut microbiome and adverse health outcomes in the hosts exposed to environmental pollutants. Yet, the causal relationships and underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined. Here we show that exposure to biotoxins can affect gut pathobiome assembly in amphibians, which in turn triggers the toxicity of exogenous pollutants. We used Xenopus laevis as a model in this study. Tadpoles exposed to tropolone demonstrated notable developmental impairments and increased locomotor activity, with a reduction in total length by 4.37%–22.48% and an increase in swimming speed by 49.96%–84.83%. Fusobacterium and Cetobacterium are predominant taxa in the gut pathobiome of tropolone-exposed tadpoles. The tropolone-induced developmental and behavioral disorders in the host were mediated by assembly of the gut pathobiome, leading to transcriptome reprogramming. This study not only advances our understanding of the intricate interactions between environmental pollutants, the gut pathobiome, and host health but also emphasizes the potential of the gut pathobiome in mediating the toxicological effects of environmental contaminants.
{"title":"Gut pathobiome mediates behavioral and developmental disorders in biotoxin-exposed amphibians","authors":"Qianqian Pan , Tianxing Lv , Haorong Xu , Hongda Fang , Meng Li , Jiaping Zhu , Yue Wang , Xiaoyan Fan , Ping Xu , Xiuguo Wang , Qiangwei Wang , Haruna Matsumoto , Mengcen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emerging evidence suggests a link between alterations in the gut microbiome and adverse health outcomes in the hosts exposed to environmental pollutants. Yet, the causal relationships and underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined. Here we show that exposure to biotoxins can affect gut pathobiome assembly in amphibians, which in turn triggers the toxicity of exogenous pollutants. We used <em>Xenopus laevis</em> as a model in this study. Tadpoles exposed to tropolone demonstrated notable developmental impairments and increased locomotor activity, with a reduction in total length by 4.37%–22.48% and an increase in swimming speed by 49.96%–84.83%. <em>Fusobacterium</em> and <em>Cetobacterium</em> are predominant taxa in the gut pathobiome of tropolone-exposed tadpoles. The tropolone-induced developmental and behavioral disorders in the host were mediated by assembly of the gut pathobiome, leading to transcriptome reprogramming. This study not only advances our understanding of the intricate interactions between environmental pollutants, the gut pathobiome, and host health but also emphasizes the potential of the gut pathobiome in mediating the toxicological effects of environmental contaminants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100415"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000292/pdfft?md5=ccd67366a751807b56159dbd629a711c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000292-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100417
Zimin Yan , Jia Ouyang , Bin Wu , Chenchen Liu , Hongcheng Wang , Aijie Wang , Zhiling Li
Zero Valent Iron (ZVI), an ideal reductant treating persistent pollutants, is hampered by issues like corrosion, passivation, and suboptimal utilization. Recent advancements in nonmetallic modified ZVI (NM-ZVI) show promising potential in circumventing these challenges by modifying ZVI's surface and internal physicochemical properties. Despite its promise, a thorough synthesis of research advancements in this domain remains elusive. Here we review the innovative methodologies, regulatory principles, and reduction-centric mechanisms underpinning NM-ZVI's effectiveness against two prevalent persistent pollutants: halogenated organic compounds and heavy metals. We start by evaluating different nonmetallic modification techniques, such as liquid-phase reduction, mechanical ball milling, and pyrolysis, and their respective advantages. The discussion progresses towards a critical analysis of current strategies and mechanisms used for NM-ZVI to enhance its reactivity, electron selectivity, and electron utilization efficiency. This is achieved by optimizing the elemental compositions, content ratios, lattice constants, hydrophobicity, and conductivity. Furthermore, we propose novel approaches for augmenting NM-ZVI's capability to address complex pollution challenges. This review highlights NM-ZVI's potential as an alternative to remediate water environments contaminated with halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals, contributing to the broader discourse on green remediation technologies.
{"title":"Nonmetallic modified zero-valent iron for remediating halogenated organic compounds and heavy metals: A comprehensive review","authors":"Zimin Yan , Jia Ouyang , Bin Wu , Chenchen Liu , Hongcheng Wang , Aijie Wang , Zhiling Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2024.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zero Valent Iron (ZVI), an ideal reductant treating persistent pollutants, is hampered by issues like corrosion, passivation, and suboptimal utilization. Recent advancements in nonmetallic modified ZVI (NM-ZVI) show promising potential in circumventing these challenges by modifying ZVI's surface and internal physicochemical properties. Despite its promise, a thorough synthesis of research advancements in this domain remains elusive. Here we review the innovative methodologies, regulatory principles, and reduction-centric mechanisms underpinning NM-ZVI's effectiveness against two prevalent persistent pollutants: halogenated organic compounds and heavy metals. We start by evaluating different nonmetallic modification techniques, such as liquid-phase reduction, mechanical ball milling, and pyrolysis, and their respective advantages. The discussion progresses towards a critical analysis of current strategies and mechanisms used for NM-ZVI to enhance its reactivity, electron selectivity, and electron utilization efficiency. This is achieved by optimizing the elemental compositions, content ratios, lattice constants, hydrophobicity, and conductivity. Furthermore, we propose novel approaches for augmenting NM-ZVI's capability to address complex pollution challenges. This review highlights NM-ZVI's potential as an alternative to remediate water environments contaminated with halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals, contributing to the broader discourse on green remediation technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100417"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666498424000310/pdfft?md5=b27dddca977e1053426d0a8ce1b91c0a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666498424000310-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}