Pub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100590
Yicheng Yang , Junjie Qiu , Hua Zhang , Pinjing He , Fan Lü
Approximately half of plastic waste ends up in landfills, where fragmentation leads to the leakage of microplastics, nanoplastics, and petrogenic carbon back into ecosystems. However, the timeframe for plastic re-entry into the geological carbon cycle remains unknown. Using landfill-derived field data, we developed a model predicting fragmentation of various polymers into macroplastics, microplastics, fine microplastics, and nanoplastics. We find total waste plastic concentrations range from 85 to 414 mg g−1, with microplastic, fine microplastic, and nanoplastic generation rates of 2–69, 0.5–36.8, and 0.04–1.9 mg per g of plastic, respectively. Plastic distribution depends more on landfill depth than disposal age. Polyethylene terephthalate fragments faster than polypropylene or polyethylene. Our model predicts peak microplastic and fine microplastic fractions within 157–382 and 412–2118 years, respectively, with approximately half of the plastic-derived carbon available for geological cycling in 80–208 years. This research helps clarify the environmental fate of pervasive plastic pollution.
大约一半的塑料垃圾最终被填埋，在那里，碎片化导致微塑料、纳米塑料和岩石碳泄漏回生态系统。然而，塑料重新进入地质碳循环的时间框架仍然未知。利用垃圾填埋场的现场数据，我们开发了一个模型，预测各种聚合物分裂成宏观塑料、微塑料、细微塑料和纳米塑料。我们发现废塑料的总浓度范围为85至414 mg g - 1，微塑料、细微塑料和纳米塑料的生成率分别为2-69、0.5-36.8和0.04-1.9 mg / g塑料。塑料的分布更多地取决于填埋场的深度，而不是处理时间。聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯碎片比聚丙烯或聚乙烯快。我们的模型预测微塑料和细微塑料的峰值分别在157-382年和412-2118年，大约一半的塑料衍生碳在80-208年可用于地质循环。这项研究有助于澄清普遍存在的塑料污染的环境命运。
{"title":"How soon will landfilled plastics integrate into the geological carbon cycle?","authors":"Yicheng Yang , Junjie Qiu , Hua Zhang , Pinjing He , Fan Lü","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Approximately half of plastic waste ends up in landfills, where fragmentation leads to the leakage of microplastics, nanoplastics, and petrogenic carbon back into ecosystems. However, the timeframe for plastic re-entry into the geological carbon cycle remains unknown. Using landfill-derived field data, we developed a model predicting fragmentation of various polymers into macroplastics, microplastics, fine microplastics, and nanoplastics. We find total waste plastic concentrations range from 85 to 414 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, with microplastic, fine microplastic, and nanoplastic generation rates of 2–69, 0.5–36.8, and 0.04–1.9 mg per g of plastic, respectively. Plastic distribution depends more on landfill depth than disposal age. Polyethylene terephthalate fragments faster than polypropylene or polyethylene. Our model predicts peak microplastic and fine microplastic fractions within 157–382 and 412–2118 years, respectively, with approximately half of the plastic-derived carbon available for geological cycling in 80–208 years. This research helps clarify the environmental fate of pervasive plastic pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100589
Yingying Liu , Xiaowei Jin , Aibin Zhan , Jinbao Liao , Andrew C. Johnson , Jian Xu
{"title":"Beyond linear Thinking: Redefining chemical pollution impacts on biodiversity","authors":"Yingying Liu , Xiaowei Jin , Aibin Zhan , Jinbao Liao , Andrew C. Johnson , Jian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100589","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100587
Divya Baskaran , Hun-Soo Byun
Mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which are a principal contributor to global warming, necessitates prompt and proactive measures. This systematic review evaluates advanced process integration and optimization tools, highlighting the need for a circular economy paired with efficient waste management to achieve effective CO2 reduction. We systematically examine, for the first time, the applications and limitations of pinch analysis, Process-graph (P-graph), artificial intelligence (AI), computer-aided sustainable design (CASD), Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensor networks, and hierarchical blockchain frameworks. AI alone could save 2.6–5.3 gigatonnes of CO2 by 2030, and its integration with CASD and IoT enables more sophisticated mitigation strategies. We recommend comprehensive carbon-offset frameworks and green-finance mechanisms to strengthen carbon-trading systems. Circular-economy measures for waste-driven CO2 reduction remain under-represented in national climate policies owing to cross-sectoral complexity. Future work should advance interdisciplinary tools data science, system modeling, and decision-support frameworks and expand economic-feasibility studies of optimization strategies. Ensuring rigorous data quality, variability accounting, integration, transparency, and replicability is essential. Lastly, sustained collaboration among engineers, scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders is critical for developing scalable, sustainable solutions to climate change.
{"title":"Future-proofing CO2 mitigation towards a circular economy: A systematic review on process integration and advanced tools","authors":"Divya Baskaran , Hun-Soo Byun","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitigating carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions, which are a principal contributor to global warming, necessitates prompt and proactive measures. This systematic review evaluates advanced process integration and optimization tools, highlighting the need for a circular economy paired with efficient waste management to achieve effective CO<sub>2</sub> reduction. We systematically examine, for the first time, the applications and limitations of pinch analysis, Process-graph (P-graph), artificial intelligence (AI), computer-aided sustainable design (CASD), Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensor networks, and hierarchical blockchain frameworks. AI alone could save 2.6–5.3 gigatonnes of CO<sub>2</sub> by 2030, and its integration with CASD and IoT enables more sophisticated mitigation strategies. We recommend comprehensive carbon-offset frameworks and green-finance mechanisms to strengthen carbon-trading systems. Circular-economy measures for waste-driven CO<sub>2</sub> reduction remain under-represented in national climate policies owing to cross-sectoral complexity. Future work should advance interdisciplinary tools data science, system modeling, and decision-support frameworks and expand economic-feasibility studies of optimization strategies. Ensuring rigorous data quality, variability accounting, integration, transparency, and replicability is essential. Lastly, sustained collaboration among engineers, scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders is critical for developing scalable, sustainable solutions to climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100588
Korbinian Kaetzl , Marcel Riegel , Ben Joseph , Ronja Ossenbrink , Helmut Gerber , Willis Gwenzi , Tobias Morck , David Laner , Thomas Heinrich , Volker Kromrey , Kevin Friedrich , Michael Wachendorf , Kathrin Stenchly
Activated carbons (ACs) are widely used in advanced wastewater treatment to remove organic micropollutants (OMPs), including pharmaceuticals, that evade conventional biological processes. Yet, fossil coal-based ACs generate substantial CO2 emissions and conflict with circular-bioeconomy objectives. Here, we address the critical research gap in sustainable sorbent development by evaluating biogenic ACs produced from underutilized grassland biomass. Using a pretreatment to enrich carbon content and reduce minerals, we generated biogenic ACs from wet meadow (WET) and orchard meadow residues and compared them to Norit SAE Super and PULSORB WP 235 in batch adsorption tests. Despite its higher mineral and ash contents and lower specific surface area than conventional ACs, 100 %-activated WET (WET100) combined balanced micro- and mesoporosity—yielding heterogeneous adsorption sites that conform to Freundlich isotherms—and achieved 50 % OMP removal at a dosage of ∼13 mg L−1, on par with Norit SAE Super (∼12 mg L−1). Strong correlations between OMP removal and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UVA254; R2 > 0.95) validate UVA254 as a rapid monitoring proxy. Greenhouse gas footprint analyses revealed that substituting coal-based AC with WET100 reduces gate-to-grave emissions by approximately 2.4 t CO2e per tonne of sorbent—translating to potential savings of up to 94 % CO2e when deployed at scale for advanced OMP removal. These findings underscore that biogenic ACs can be seamlessly integrated into existing treatment infrastructure, valorize underutilized grassland biomass, align with circular-economy and EU sustainability objectives, and deliver substantial greenhouse-gas savings compared to coal-based adsorbents.
{"title":"Biogenic activated carbons from conservation grassland biomass for organic micropollutants removal in municipal wastewater","authors":"Korbinian Kaetzl , Marcel Riegel , Ben Joseph , Ronja Ossenbrink , Helmut Gerber , Willis Gwenzi , Tobias Morck , David Laner , Thomas Heinrich , Volker Kromrey , Kevin Friedrich , Michael Wachendorf , Kathrin Stenchly","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Activated carbons (ACs) are widely used in advanced wastewater treatment to remove organic micropollutants (OMPs), including pharmaceuticals, that evade conventional biological processes. Yet, fossil coal-based ACs generate substantial CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and conflict with circular-bioeconomy objectives. Here, we address the critical research gap in sustainable sorbent development by evaluating biogenic ACs produced from underutilized grassland biomass. Using a pretreatment to enrich carbon content and reduce minerals, we generated biogenic ACs from wet meadow (WET) and orchard meadow residues and compared them to Norit SAE Super and PULSORB WP 235 in batch adsorption tests. Despite its higher mineral and ash contents and lower specific surface area than conventional ACs, 100 %-activated WET (WET100) combined balanced micro- and mesoporosity—yielding heterogeneous adsorption sites that conform to Freundlich isotherms—and achieved 50 % OMP removal at a dosage of ∼13 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, on par with Norit SAE Super (∼12 mg L<sup>−1</sup>). Strong correlations between OMP removal and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UVA254; R<sup>2</sup> > 0.95) validate UVA254 as a rapid monitoring proxy. Greenhouse gas footprint analyses revealed that substituting coal-based AC with WET100 reduces gate-to-grave emissions by approximately 2.4 t CO<sub>2</sub>e per tonne of sorbent—translating to potential savings of up to 94 % CO<sub>2</sub>e when deployed at scale for advanced OMP removal. These findings underscore that biogenic ACs can be seamlessly integrated into existing treatment infrastructure, valorize underutilized grassland biomass, align with circular-economy and EU sustainability objectives, and deliver substantial greenhouse-gas savings compared to coal-based adsorbents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100588"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100586
Yan Zhang , Zhiguo Su , Xuyang Qiu , He Liu , Donghui Wen , Lyujun Chen
Class 1 integrons facilitate horizontal gene transfer, significantly influencing antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) dissemination within microbial communities. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are critical reservoirs of ARGs and integrons, yet the integron-mediated dynamics of ARG transfer across different WWTP types remain poorly understood. Here we show distinct ARG profiles associated with class 1 integrons in municipal and industrial WWTPs using a novel approach combining nested-like high-throughput qPCR and PacBio sequencing. Although industrial WWTPs contained higher absolute integron abundances, their relative ARG content was lower (1.27 × 107–9.59 × 107 copies/ng integron) compared to municipal WWTPs (3.72 × 107–1.98 × 108 copies/ng integron). Of the 132,084 coding sequences detected from integrons, 56.8 % encoded antibiotic resistance, with industrial plants showing lower ARG proportions, reduced ARG array diversity, and greater incorporation of non-ARG sequences. These findings suggest industrial WWTP integrons integrate a broader array of exogenous genes, reflecting adaptation to complex wastewater compositions. This work enhances our understanding of integron-driven ARG dynamics in wastewater and offers a robust strategy for environmental integron analysis.
{"title":"Distinct ARG profiles associated with class 1 integrons in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants","authors":"Yan Zhang , Zhiguo Su , Xuyang Qiu , He Liu , Donghui Wen , Lyujun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Class 1 integrons facilitate horizontal gene transfer, significantly influencing antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) dissemination within microbial communities. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are critical reservoirs of ARGs and integrons, yet the integron-mediated dynamics of ARG transfer across different WWTP types remain poorly understood. Here we show distinct ARG profiles associated with class 1 integrons in municipal and industrial WWTPs using a novel approach combining nested-like high-throughput qPCR and PacBio sequencing. Although industrial WWTPs contained higher absolute integron abundances, their relative ARG content was lower (1.27 × 10<sup>7</sup>–9.59 × 10<sup>7</sup> copies/ng integron) compared to municipal WWTPs (3.72 × 10<sup>7</sup>–1.98 × 10<sup>8</sup> copies/ng integron). Of the 132,084 coding sequences detected from integrons, 56.8 % encoded antibiotic resistance, with industrial plants showing lower ARG proportions, reduced ARG array diversity, and greater incorporation of non-ARG sequences. These findings suggest industrial WWTP integrons integrate a broader array of exogenous genes, reflecting adaptation to complex wastewater compositions. This work enhances our understanding of integron-driven ARG dynamics in wastewater and offers a robust strategy for environmental integron analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100574
Zixiang He , Rupeng Wang , Jifeng Wang , Honglin Chen , Shiyu Zhang , Ke Wang , Junjiang Lai , Nanqi Ren , Shih-Hsin Ho
Wastewater-treatment plants (WWTPs) enable urban water reclamation but are significant sources of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions. Because GHG output scales with the volume and pollutant load of influent sewage, city-wide water-use patterns offer a direct yet under-examined lever for decarbonizing WWTP operations. The feedbacks linking demand-side water conservation to plant emissions remain poorly understood, obscuring important mitigation co-benefits. Here we show a domino-effect feedback between urban water-use patterns with WWTP carbon emissions. Our analysis demonstrates that optimized water management can improve average WWTP eco-efficiency by up to 189 %, leading to an annual reduction in water consumption of 48.3 billion m3 and a decrease in GHG emissions by 1.67 million tons CO2-equivalent. Under this synergistic water-carbon management scenario, the wastewater sector could achieve carbon neutrality by 2037, seven years ahead of schedules based solely on technological advancements. Our findings present a novel and replicable framework that simultaneously addresses water scarcity and climate change. Unlike costly and slow-to-implement technological innovations, leveraging cross-sectoral synergies in water-intensive industries such as agriculture and manufacturing offers a pragmatic pathway to meeting critical carbon-reduction targets.
{"title":"Water conservation strategies reduce greenhouse gas emission from wastewater treatment plants: A domino effect","authors":"Zixiang He , Rupeng Wang , Jifeng Wang , Honglin Chen , Shiyu Zhang , Ke Wang , Junjiang Lai , Nanqi Ren , Shih-Hsin Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wastewater-treatment plants (WWTPs) enable urban water reclamation but are significant sources of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions. Because GHG output scales with the volume and pollutant load of influent sewage, city-wide water-use patterns offer a direct yet under-examined lever for decarbonizing WWTP operations. The feedbacks linking demand-side water conservation to plant emissions remain poorly understood, obscuring important mitigation co-benefits. Here we show a domino-effect feedback between urban water-use patterns with WWTP carbon emissions. Our analysis demonstrates that optimized water management can improve average WWTP eco-efficiency by up to 189 %, leading to an annual reduction in water consumption of 48.3 billion m<sup>3</sup> and a decrease in GHG emissions by 1.67 million tons CO<sub>2</sub>-equivalent. Under this synergistic water-carbon management scenario, the wastewater sector could achieve carbon neutrality by 2037, seven years ahead of schedules based solely on technological advancements. Our findings present a novel and replicable framework that simultaneously addresses water scarcity and climate change. Unlike costly and slow-to-implement technological innovations, leveraging cross-sectoral synergies in water-intensive industries such as agriculture and manufacturing offers a pragmatic pathway to meeting critical carbon-reduction targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100575
Dongyu Cui , Yike Kang , Beidou Xi , Ying Yuan , Qiao Liu , Wenbing Tan
Organic pollutants remain a persistent threat to ecosystems and human health. In soils, humification gradually converts these compounds into stable humic substances and attenuates their toxicity, but the transformation can take decades—far too slow to match current pollution loads. In this Perspective, we argue that mature compost offers a pragmatic means to accelerate this process: it delivers partially humified intermediates that can “seed” soil humification and shorten its timescale from decades to seasons. Spectroscopic evidence shows that compost-derived humus is enriched in aromatic backbones and reactive functional groups (–COOH, –OH) that both catalyze further condensation of organic matter and immobilise pollutants through π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding and covalent coupling. By merging these catalytic and sorptive functions, compost amendments provide a scalable, low-cost route to the long-term stabilization of organic contaminants. We outline the key mechanistic questions that now need resolution—particularly the reactivity of specific intermediates in situ—to guide field trials and unlock the full potential of compost-driven accelerated humification as an environmental remediation platform.
{"title":"Compost-enhanced humification of organic pollutants: Mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities","authors":"Dongyu Cui , Yike Kang , Beidou Xi , Ying Yuan , Qiao Liu , Wenbing Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic pollutants remain a persistent threat to ecosystems and human health. In soils, humification gradually converts these compounds into stable humic substances and attenuates their toxicity, but the transformation can take decades—far too slow to match current pollution loads. In this Perspective, we argue that mature compost offers a pragmatic means to accelerate this process: it delivers partially humified intermediates that can “seed” soil humification and shorten its timescale from decades to seasons. Spectroscopic evidence shows that compost-derived humus is enriched in aromatic backbones and reactive functional groups (–COOH, –OH) that both catalyze further condensation of organic matter and immobilise pollutants through π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding and covalent coupling. By merging these catalytic and sorptive functions, compost amendments provide a scalable, low-cost route to the long-term stabilization of organic contaminants. We outline the key mechanistic questions that now need resolution—particularly the reactivity of specific intermediates in situ—to guide field trials and unlock the full potential of compost-driven accelerated humification as an environmental remediation platform.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100575"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100569
Wei Zhan , Yedong Gao , Haoran Zhang , Yu Tian , Yanan Zou , Xiang Li , Huihang Sun , Lipin Li , Yaruo Jin , Jiaxin Cao , Yiming Liu , Nanqi Ren
Legacy phosphorus, accumulated from past anthropogenic activities, poses persistent and complex threats to global water quality. Despite extensive efforts to control phosphorus inputs, legacy phosphorus can persist for decades and undermine restoration goals. Emerging evidence suggests that shifts in regional development patterns profoundly reshape the dynamics and environmental risks of legacy phosphorus accumulation and mobilization. However, the mechanisms by which development pattern shifts reshape legacy phosphorus trajectories remain poorly understood. Here we show the complex pathways linking development-driven land-use changes, biogeochemical buffering capacities, and legacy phosphorus mobilization through an integrative modeling framework that couples developmental shift coefficients, anthropogenic phosphorus inventories, and riverine time-lag modeling to diagnose and predict long-term legacy phosphorus risks. Using the Songhua River as a case study, our results reveal that shifts from industrial to agricultural dominance significantly amplify legacy phosphorus accumulation by 86 times. Consequently, legacy phosphorus accounts for 65.4 %–69.9 %, surpassing current-year inputs and becoming the primary driver of riverine pollution. Furthermore, we demonstrate that development shifts systematically alter the dominant controlling factors, from fossil fuel emissions and drainage infrastructure to soil retention characteristics and agricultural practices, reshaping mitigation priorities. Our framework provides a generalizable methodology for quantifying legacy phosphorus risks under dynamic development patterns, offering immediate applications for water quality management. More broadly, this framework offers critical insights that can guide sustainable management strategies for linking evolving regional development patterns with long-term ecological restoration.
{"title":"Shifting regional development scenarios amplify legacy phosphorus threats to water quality","authors":"Wei Zhan , Yedong Gao , Haoran Zhang , Yu Tian , Yanan Zou , Xiang Li , Huihang Sun , Lipin Li , Yaruo Jin , Jiaxin Cao , Yiming Liu , Nanqi Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Legacy phosphorus, accumulated from past anthropogenic activities, poses persistent and complex threats to global water quality. Despite extensive efforts to control phosphorus inputs, legacy phosphorus can persist for decades and undermine restoration goals. Emerging evidence suggests that shifts in regional development patterns profoundly reshape the dynamics and environmental risks of legacy phosphorus accumulation and mobilization. However, the mechanisms by which development pattern shifts reshape legacy phosphorus trajectories remain poorly understood. Here we show the complex pathways linking development-driven land-use changes, biogeochemical buffering capacities, and legacy phosphorus mobilization through an integrative modeling framework that couples developmental shift coefficients, anthropogenic phosphorus inventories, and riverine time-lag modeling to diagnose and predict long-term legacy phosphorus risks. Using the Songhua River as a case study, our results reveal that shifts from industrial to agricultural dominance significantly amplify legacy phosphorus accumulation by 86 times. Consequently, legacy phosphorus accounts for 65.4 %–69.9 %, surpassing current-year inputs and becoming the primary driver of riverine pollution. Furthermore, we demonstrate that development shifts systematically alter the dominant controlling factors, from fossil fuel emissions and drainage infrastructure to soil retention characteristics and agricultural practices, reshaping mitigation priorities. Our framework provides a generalizable methodology for quantifying legacy phosphorus risks under dynamic development patterns, offering immediate applications for water quality management. More broadly, this framework offers critical insights that can guide sustainable management strategies for linking evolving regional development patterns with long-term ecological restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2025.100568
Nan-Qi Ren , Jian-Zheng Li , Jie Ding , Xian-Feng Yan , Nan Li , Ni Zhang , De-Feng Xing , Zhi Qin , Qian-Liang Liu , Wan-Qian Guo , Tian-hui Xie , Shan-Shan Yang , Yu Tao
Biomanufacturing of hydrogen by acidogenic fermentation presents a promising avenue for sustainable hydrogen production; however, data on its full-scale application remain limited. Here we evaluate the performance of a 100 m3 continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) utilizing waste molasses and inoculated with aerobic excess sludge for hydrogen production. The reactor operated at 35 °C with a constant hydraulic retention time of 5.8 h, while the organic loading rate (OLR) was incrementally increased from 9.3 to 57.3 kg COD m−3 d−1. By day 19, stable ethanol-type fermentation was established, yielding an average of 265 m3 of hydrogen per day. Over the subsequent 72 days, the reactor maintained continuous operation, achieving an average hydrogen production rate of 282 m3 d−1 at an average OLR of 28.5 kg COD m−3 d−1. Bioaugmentation with Ethanoligenens harbinense YUAN-3 at a 0.5 % volume fraction relative to the mixed liquor volatile suspended solids further enhanced hydrogen production to an average of 348 m3 d−1. Despite fluctuations in the OLR between 17.1 and 55.2 kg COD m−3 d−1, ethanol-type fermentation persisted throughout the bioaugmentation period. These findings demonstrate the viability of full-scale acidogenic fermentation for efficient hydrogen biomanufacturing from high-strength organic wastewater.
产酸发酵生物制氢是一种很有前途的可持续制氢途径；然而，关于其全面应用的数据仍然有限。在这里，我们评估了一个100立方米的连续流搅拌槽反应器（CSTR）的性能，该反应器利用废糖蜜并接种好氧剩余污泥用于制氢。反应器运行温度为35℃，水力停留时间为5.8 h，有机负载率（OLR）由9.3 kg COD m−3 d−1逐步提高到57.3 kg COD m−3 d−1。到第19天，建立了稳定的乙醇型发酵，平均每天产生265 m3的氢气。在随后的72天里，反应器保持连续运行，平均产氢率为282 m3 d - 1，平均OLR为28.5 kg COD m - 3 d - 1。以相对于混合液挥发性悬浮物的0.5%体积分数添加乙醇寡聚烯habinense YUAN-3，进一步提高了产氢量，平均达到348 m3 d - 1。尽管OLR在17.1和55.2 kg COD m - 3 d - 1之间波动，但乙醇型发酵在整个生物增强期持续存在。这些发现证明了大规模产酸发酵从高强度有机废水中高效制氢的可行性。
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