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A Work-Fun Model of Shopping Behaviour: Explaining When Consumers Buy on Impulse 购物行为的工作-乐趣模型:解释消费者何时冲动购物
Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.2
F. Massara
   A study was conducted that implemented a computer-based research vehicle to capture microscopic aspects of shopping and to permit a moment-by-moment analysis of consumer-environment interactions. Participants shopped in a virtual grocery store with a fixed budget. Analysis of shopping behaviour revealed a significant relationship between the time spent in the store, the shopping path taken, and the number of unplanned purchases made. Temporal analysis indicated that unplanned purchases were very unlikely during the first 25% of the time spent in the store, but became very likely during the last 25% of in-store time. This relationship is characterized as a “work-fun model of shopping behaviour”. Decision time was shown to increase steadily throughout the shopping trip; affective product features had a greater impact on difficult choices during the latter part of the shopping trip. The results fit with expectations derived from self-control theories and suggest an extension of the traditional exposure theory of in-store decision making. 
我们进行了一项研究,采用基于计算机的研究工具来捕捉购物的微观方面,并允许对消费者与环境的相互作用进行实时分析。参与者在一个虚拟的杂货店购物,有固定的预算。对购物行为的分析揭示了在商店里花费的时间、选择的购物路径和计划外购买的数量之间的重要关系。时间分析表明,计划外的购买在前25%的时间内是不太可能发生的,但在最后25%的时间内则很可能发生。这种关系被描述为“工作-乐趣购物行为模式”。决策时间在整个购物过程中稳步增加;情感产品特征对购物后期的困难选择有更大的影响。研究结果与自我控制理论的预期相吻合,是对传统的店内决策暴露理论的延伸。
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引用次数: 1
“More Davids than Goliaths?” A Case for the Power of Small Firms To Be Stronger Innovators Compared to Larger Firms During a Global Pandemic “大卫多于歌利亚?”在全球大流行期间,与大公司相比,小公司更有力量成为更强大的创新者
Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.8
Tyrha M. Lindsey-Warren
The biblical story of David and Goliath depicts how an ordinary man was confronted with a tremendous challenge and had to respond in an immediate and effective manner in order to be victorious. This same sentiment embodied in the story of David and Goliath holds true in the context of business innovation and reimagination among small firms, especially right now during the Coronavirus Global Pandemic. This conceptual paper discusses how large firms, or Goliaths, have proven track records and tremendous amounts of muscle and resources to support innovation, R&D, and even unexpected emergencies. Yet, small firms, or Davids, often suffer from the liability of newness, sudden change in the business environment, and do not have the same resources to consistently finance on-going innovation or even operations. Nevertheless, we present a case that small firms, like David, can be victorious by being empowered as well as by leveraging their own creativity, resourcefulness, ingenuity, strategic innovation, and reimagination of their businesses during the current Global Pandemic. 
《圣经》中大卫和歌利亚的故事描述了一个普通人如何面对巨大的挑战,为了取得胜利,他必须迅速而有效地做出反应。大卫和歌利亚的故事体现了同样的情绪,在小企业的商业创新和重新想象的背景下也是如此,尤其是在当前冠状病毒全球大流行期间。这篇概念性的论文讨论了大公司(或巨人)如何证明了它们的业绩记录和巨大的力量和资源,以支持创新、研发,甚至是意外的紧急情况。然而,小公司,或小公司,经常要承受商业环境的新变化和突然变化的责任,并且没有相同的资源来持续地为正在进行的创新甚至运营提供资金。尽管如此,我们提出了一个案例,表明在当前的全球大流行期间,像大卫这样的小企业可以通过增强能力以及利用自身的创造力、足智多谋、独创性、战略创新和对业务的重新想象而取得胜利。
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引用次数: 0
A Visual Approach for Developing Social Enterprises 发展社会企业的视觉途径
Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.9
Sabrina Bresciani, Martin J. Eppler
The emerging interest in social entrepreneurship is challenged in practice by the complexity of balancing economic and social aspects, and by the difficulties of getting the public to understand the very concept of social enterprising. How can we support social entrepreneurs in developing and growing their organizations? The cognitive advantages of thinking and working visually are well established in the literature, but not yet applied to guide the entire social enterprising process. Mapping and communicating ideas visually can provide several benefits, not only in the ideation phase, but also for managing, optimizing, and growing a social enterprise. We present a framework with visual formats that can be utilized by social entrepreneurs in each specific phase of the social enterprise development: (1) idea generation, (2) social enterprise model refinement, (3) idea promotion and resources acquisition, (4) planning, (5) sales and instructions, (6) scaling impact, and (7) measuring and monitoring. At a theoretical level, the framework aims to structure and summarize the benefits of visual representations of knowledge for the field of social entrepreneurship. This visual approach has practical applications for social entrepreneurs who can utilize it as an overarching tool, for an informed selection and use of visualizations to support the development of their social ventures. 
在实践中,平衡经济和社会方面的复杂性,以及让公众理解社会企业概念的困难,对社会企业家精神的新兴兴趣受到了挑战。我们如何支持社会企业家发展和壮大他们的组织?视觉思维和视觉工作的认知优势在文献中得到了很好的确立,但尚未应用于指导整个社会创业过程。可视化地映射和交流想法可以提供几个好处,不仅在构思阶段,而且对管理、优化和发展社会企业也有好处。我们提出了一个具有可视化格式的框架,社会企业家可以在社会企业发展的每个特定阶段使用:(1)创意产生,(2)社会企业模型完善,(3)创意推广和资源获取,(4)规划,(5)销售和指导,(6)规模影响,(7)测量和监测。在理论层面上,该框架旨在构建和总结社会创业领域知识的可视化表示的好处。这种可视化方法对社会企业家有实际的应用,他们可以把它作为一个总体工具,明智地选择和使用可视化来支持他们社会企业的发展。
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引用次数: 2
Fostering Economic Growth in Frontier Markets: Perceptions in The Tunisian Post-Arab Spring 促进前沿市场的经济增长:对突尼斯后阿拉伯之春的看法
Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.4
Victoria L. Crittenden, Miranda Beggin, W. Crittenden, K. Dohm
   The need for economic reform is at the heart of the criticism for many frontier economies. Fostering entrepreneurship and identifying business opportunities generate paths for job creation and economic growth. Given the underlying tensions that led to the Arab Spring, our study focuses on the one country that is considered to be a post-Arab Spring success story and explores the Small-Medium Enterprise (SME) business environment in Tunisia. Perceived changes in the SME environment in Tunisia were examined qualitatively via in-depth personal interviews with 21 Tunisian economic experts. Analysis of the interview data followed the thematic analysis approach. Our findings indicate that social reforms and the development of financing alternatives should be paramount for the growth of SMEs and the economic success of frontier markets. Additionally, educational reform and communication to foster entrepreneurial behaviour and effective managerial practices are required to ensure that current and future generations are prepared to engage successfully in the formal economy. Although our research focused on a single frontier market economy, we believe these findings are generalizable to many emerging economies. The findings should hold considerable policy implications due to the nature of the reforms suggested. There are popular and business press articles about the post-Arab Spring and stories about Tunisia’s Jasmine Revolution; however, increased scholarly focus on entrepreneurial efforts post-Arab Spring in Tunisia will further solidify the intersection of economic gain and human development. 
经济改革的必要性是许多前沿经济体受到批评的核心。培育企业家精神和发现商业机会是创造就业和经济增长的途径。鉴于导致阿拉伯之春的潜在紧张局势,我们的研究侧重于一个被认为是后阿拉伯之春成功故事的国家,并探讨了突尼斯的中小企业(SME)商业环境。通过对21名突尼斯经济专家进行深入的个人访谈,对突尼斯中小企业环境的变化进行了定性研究。访谈数据的分析采用主题分析法。我们的研究结果表明,社会改革和融资替代方案的发展对于中小企业的成长和前沿市场的经济成功至关重要。此外,还需要进行教育改革和宣传,以促进企业行为和有效的管理做法,以确保今世后代准备好成功地参与正规经济。虽然我们的研究集中在一个单一的前沿市场经济体,但我们相信这些发现可以推广到许多新兴经济体。由于所建议的改革的性质,调查结果应具有相当大的政策影响。有关于后阿拉伯之春和突尼斯茉莉花革命的通俗和商业新闻文章;然而,突尼斯“阿拉伯之春”之后,学术界对企业家努力的关注日益增加,这将进一步巩固经济收益与人类发展的交集。
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引用次数: 0
Global and Local CSR Strategies in Foreign-Owned Subsidiaries: The Role of Networks and Competencies 外资子公司的全球与本土企业社会责任战略:网络与胜任力的作用
Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.3
Sven Dahms
   The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of networks and competency dimensions in determining the corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy of foreign-owned subsidiaries. Survey data has been collected from subsidiary managing directors and analysed using structured equation modelling and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis techniques. We show that networks and competencies can have competing as well as complementary effects on the global and local CSR strategies. For instance, inter-organisational network strength and competencies in high primary value chain activities seem to drive global as well as local CSR activities. However, the case is more complex for intra-organisational network relationships and subsidiaries with competencies in supporting value chain activities. The originality of this paper lies in the detailed investigation of how network relationships and competencies affect global and local CSR strategy development. We also provide novelty in applying a combination of symmetric (SEM-PLS) and non-symmetric (fsQCA) analytical techniques. 
本研究旨在探讨网络和胜任力维度在决定外资子公司企业社会责任战略中的作用。调查数据已从子公司总经理收集和分析使用结构化方程建模和模糊集定性比较分析技术。我们的研究表明,网络和能力对全球和本地企业社会责任战略既有竞争作用,也有互补作用。例如,高初级价值链活动中的组织间网络实力和能力似乎推动了全球和本地的企业社会责任活动。然而,对于组织内部网络关系和具有支持价值链活动能力的子公司来说,情况更为复杂。本文的创新之处在于详细研究了网络关系和能力如何影响全球和地方企业社会责任战略的发展。我们还在应用对称(SEM-PLS)和非对称(fsQCA)分析技术的组合方面提供了新颖性。
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引用次数: 1
What Is Love? Exploring the Meaning of Brand Love and its Role in Determining Brand Loyalty 什么是爱?品牌爱的意义及其在决定品牌忠诚中的作用
Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.6
Chantal Mahlke, Sarah Lahmeyer, Ellen Roemer
This paper measures brand love of smartphones in a specific cultural context. It assesses and compares the effects of brand love and satisfaction on brand loyalty and positive word-of-mouth. The authors use a qualitative approach to select and adapt a measurement scale of the brand love construct for Germany. They use a quantitative study to evaluate the relationships between brand love, satisfaction, brand loyalty and positive word-of-mouth for the case of smartphone brands. Brand love measurement needs to be adapted to the German context. Brand love has a higher impact than satisfaction on brand loyalty and positive word-of-mouth for smartphones. Brand love partly mediates the relationship between satisfaction and brand loyalty as well as positive word-of-mouth. The brand love construct has been tested in a specific cultural context, in this case, Germany. Scale development efforts have to be dedicated to the verification and/or adaptation of the construct to other cultural environments like Latin America. Practitioners should include the measurement of brand love in addition to satisfaction in order to predict brand loyalty. The adaptation of the brand love construct to a specific cultural context has been ignored in previous literature. The comparison of the direct effects of brand love and satisfaction as well as the indirect effects of brand love have been neglected so far. 
本文测量了特定文化背景下智能手机的品牌喜爱度。它评估和比较品牌爱和满意度对品牌忠诚度和积极口碑的影响。作者采用定性方法选择和调整了德国品牌爱结构的测量量表。他们以智能手机品牌为例,使用定量研究来评估品牌喜爱、满意度、品牌忠诚度和积极口碑之间的关系。品牌爱的测量需要适应德国的环境。品牌喜爱对智能手机品牌忠诚度和正面口碑的影响高于满意度。品牌爱在满意度与品牌忠诚、正面口碑之间起部分中介作用。品牌爱的构建已经在一个特定的文化背景下进行了测试,在这个案例中,德国。规模开发工作必须致力于验证和/或调整结构以适应其他文化环境,如拉丁美洲。为了预测品牌忠诚度,除了满意度之外,从业者还应该包括对品牌热爱的测量。在以往的文献中,品牌之爱结构对特定文化语境的适应性一直被忽视。品牌爱与满意度的直接效应以及品牌爱的间接效应的比较研究一直被忽视。
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引用次数: 2
How Can Accelerators in South America Evolve to Support Start-Ups in a Post-COVID-19 World? 南美的加速器如何发展以支持后covid -19时代的初创企业?
Pub Date : 2020-11-05 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.7
Diane A. Isabelle, N. Sarto
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world in drastic ways, disrupting the normal operation of the world's economic activity. Every aspect of life as we know it has changed. The business and entrepreneurship landscapes have been deeply altered. As innovation intermediaries support entrepreneurship, accelerators have become progressively prominent in the entrepreneurial ecosystem of several countries. Their development is on an upward trajectory. However, literature is scant on this newer acceleration phenomenon, particularly in some regions. Furthermore, literature on the effects of the pandemic on accelerators is non-existent. In recent years, the acceleration model has grown rapidly in South America. In this rapid response paper, we build from current literature, trends and expected post-COVID-19 scenarios to investigate how accelerators in South America will need to evolve to support start-ups in a post-COVID-19 world. We developed a conceptual model, the Post-COVID-19 World Accelerator Model, to guide business accelerator managers, researchers, policymakers and entrepreneurs. We conclude by offering future research areas urgently needed to further our understanding of emerging trends affecting accelerators and start-ups in what will be a very different business landscape post-COVID-19. 
新冠肺炎疫情对世界造成了巨大影响,扰乱了世界经济活动的正常运行。我们所知的生活的方方面面都发生了变化。商业和创业环境已经发生了深刻的变化。由于创新中介对创业的支持,加速器在一些国家的创业生态系统中日益突出。他们的发展呈上升趋势。然而,关于这种新的加速现象的文献很少,特别是在一些地区。此外,没有关于大流行病对加速器影响的文献。近年来,加速模式在南美发展迅速。在这篇快速应对报告中,我们从当前文献、趋势和2019冠状病毒病后的预期情景出发,研究了南美的加速器需要如何发展,以支持2019冠状病毒病后世界的初创企业。我们开发了一个概念模型,即后covid -19世界加速器模型,以指导企业加速器管理人员、研究人员、政策制定者和企业家。最后,我们提出了迫切需要的未来研究领域,以进一步了解影响加速器和初创企业的新兴趋势,这将是一个非常不同的新冠疫情后的商业环境。
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引用次数: 2
Estallido social octubre-19: ¿Es el golpe que causará el knockout a la compañía Ad Retail? 10月19日的社会爆发:这是击倒广告零售公司的打击吗?
Pub Date : 2020-11-05 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.13.2.10
F. Sánchez, J. Torres
Este caso relata la crisis financiera de AD Retail, un holding que operaba en el sector del retail chileno. El holding AD Retail ha mostrado un deterioro en sus indicadores financieros desde finales del 2015, pero la situación se agudizó entre el 2017 y el 2018. Las consecuencias del estallido social que se detonó en octubre del 2019 en Chile intensificaron los problemas financieros de la compañía. El estallido social afectó los márgenes de la empresa y generó menores niveles de recaudación, lo que se tradujo en una liquidez insuficiente para cumplir con sus obligaciones de pago. Esto llevó al Directorio, el 24 de diciembre del 2019, a tomar la decisión de someterse de forma voluntaria a la ley de quiebras e iniciar una reestructuración de sus pasivos y activos, lo que permitiera la viabilidad de la compañía. Tras esta decisión, Pablo Turner, presidente del Directorio de AD Retail, percibía que acogerse a la ley de quiebras cambiaría el plan estratégico 2020-2022 que había sido aprobado en septiembre del 2019 y cuyo objetivo era volver a tener utilidades en el 2020. En particular, Turner se preguntaba, ¿por qué Dijon no había generado el valor corporativo esperado tras su adquisición en el 2013?, ¿por qué el holding no pudo hacer frente a los efectos causados por el estallido social?, ¿era el plan estratégico 2020-2022 acorde a la situación que estaba atravesando la compañía?, ¿qué alternativas tenía AD Retail para salir de la crisis financiera? Aunque su mayor preocupación era si el estallido social se extendería durante el 2020 y sus posibles consecuencias para la economía chilena, lo que llevó a preguntarse a Turner: ¿es la hora del cierre definitivo de AD Retail?. 
本案例讲述了在智利零售业经营的控股公司AD Retail的金融危机。AD Retail控股公司的财务指标自2015年底以来一直在恶化,但在2017年至2018年期间情况有所恶化。2019年10月智利爆发的社会动荡加剧了该公司的财务问题。社会动荡影响了公司的利润率,导致收款水平降低,导致现金流不足,无法履行其支付义务。这导致董事会在2019年12月24日决定自愿提交破产法,并开始对其负债和资产进行重组,这将允许公司的生存能力。在这一决定之后,AD Retail董事会主席Pablo Turner认为,利用破产法将改变2019年9月批准的2020-2022年战略计划,其目标是在2020年恢复利润。特纳特别想知道,为什么第戎在2013年被收购后没有产生预期的企业价值?,为什么控股公司无法应对社会动荡造成的影响?, 2020-2022年的战略计划是否符合公司正在经历的情况?AD Retail有什么替代方案来摆脱金融危机?尽管他最担心的是社会动荡是否会蔓延到2020年,以及它对智利经济可能产生的后果,但这让特纳想知道:是时候彻底关闭广告零售了吗?
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引用次数: 0
Satisfaccion del Turista Extranjero en Chile. Rol del Valor de los Beneficios Percibidos 外国游客在智利的满意度。感知利益价值的作用
Pub Date : 2019-12-15 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.12.2.6
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of some antecedent factors on the satisfaction of foreign tourists visiting Chile. The main finding is to have verified that the perceived hedonic benefit positively affects, on the one hand, the functional benefit perceived by the tourist and on the other, the satisfaction status of the foreign tourist in Chile. The hedonic benefit is a multidimensional factor composed of visual landscapes, routine escape activities and recreation for the visitor. This study has practical implications for all Stakeholders associated with tourism in Chile. This can help to implement plans and programs that strengthen the tourist activities of visitors. The original value of this study is to have given a multidimensional definition to the hedonic experience of foreign tourists.
本研究的目的是分析一些前因因素对到访智利的外国游客满意度的影响。本研究的主要发现是验证了享乐利益的感知正向影响游客感知的功能利益和外国游客在智利的满意状态。享乐效益是由视觉景观、日常逃避活动和游客娱乐组成的多维因素。本研究对与智利旅游业相关的所有利益相关者具有实际意义。这有助于实施加强游客旅游活动的计划和方案。本研究的原始价值在于对外国游客的享乐体验进行了多维度的定义。
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引用次数: 0
Estudio Longitudinal del Proceso de Adopción de un Sistema Tipo-Erp Usando Mapas Mentales 使用思维导图的erp类型系统采用过程的纵向研究
Pub Date : 2019-12-15 DOI: 10.35692/07183992.12.2.4
The purpose of this study is to understand how users' perceptions of a system change as they adopt it, we con- ducted a qualitative-longitudinal study of the case of three small restaurant owners who implemented ERP-type soft- ware in their businesses. Method: The methodology used was based on the use of mental maps as tools for visual/ numerical analysis. The data to create the maps were provided from the transcriptions of the owner's interviews. Find- ings show that at first, individuals focus mainly on the benefits of the new system, but as they adopt it, dissatisfac- tion with the technology arises. Although in postimplementation, the positive evaluation of the system outweighs the dissatisfactions, interestingly, the latter outweighs the former in the intermediate stages of implementation. This is a novel result because there are no studies that describe this phenomenon. At the methodological level, the use of mind maps for analysis is novel in the MIS literature and could continue to be used in other qualitative-longitudinal studies.
本研究的目的是了解用户在采用系统时对系统的看法是如何变化的,我们对三家在其业务中实施erp类型软件的小餐馆老板进行了定性纵向研究。方法:使用的方法是基于使用心理地图作为视觉/数值分析的工具。创建地图的数据来自于对业主的采访记录。调查结果表明,一开始,个人主要关注新系统的好处,但当他们采用它时,对技术的不满就产生了。虽然在执行后,对该制度的积极评价超过了不满,但有趣的是,在执行的中间阶段,不满多于积极评价。这是一个新颖的结果,因为没有研究描述这种现象。在方法层面上,使用思维导图进行分析在MIS文献中是新颖的,可以继续用于其他定性纵向研究。
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引用次数: 1
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Multidisciplinary Business Review
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