Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186155
Xueting Ma , Yao Liu , Chaozhong Guo , Yujun Si
CeO2-based materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) generally face issues of nanoparticle agglomeration and poor stability. Herein, a honeycomb-like N-doped carbon is synthesized by a hard-soft template strategy. Followed by a solvothermal reaction and NH4Cl etching effect in pyrolysis, CeO2 nanoparticles are uniformly anchored inside the porous carbon to prevent the possible agglomeration. Benefiting from the mesopore-dominated microstructure and the high dispersed CeO2, the resultant CeO2/N-C Cl catalyst exhibits a high ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.867 V (vs. RHE), surpassing that of the 20 wt% Pt/C (0.845 V). Especially, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the ORR process can be efficiently scavenged by the Ce³ ⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox couple, demonstrated by in-situ Raman spectra, the catalyst reveals a superior durability with just an 11 mV of half wave potential decay after 10,000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry tests. Practically, the CeO2/N-C Cl assembled zinc-air batteries delivers a superior energy density (864 Wh kg-1 Zn), specific capacity (810 mAh g-1 Zn) and a long-term cycling stability in rechargeable ZABs, demonstrating its promising potential in energy conversion field.
{"title":"Mesopore-dominated N-doped carbon with high cerium loading to strengthen free radical scavenging for boosting the catalysis to oxygen reduction of zinc-air battery","authors":"Xueting Ma , Yao Liu , Chaozhong Guo , Yujun Si","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CeO<sub>2</sub>-based materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) generally face issues of nanoparticle agglomeration and poor stability. Herein, a honeycomb-like N-doped carbon is synthesized by a hard-soft template strategy. Followed by a solvothermal reaction and NH<sub>4</sub>Cl etching effect in pyrolysis, CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles are uniformly anchored inside the porous carbon to prevent the possible agglomeration. Benefiting from the mesopore-dominated microstructure and the high dispersed CeO<sub>2</sub>, the resultant CeO<sub>2</sub>/N-C <sub>Cl</sub> catalyst exhibits a high ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.867 V (vs. RHE), surpassing that of the 20 wt% Pt/C (0.845 V). Especially, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the ORR process can be efficiently scavenged by the Ce³ ⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox couple, demonstrated by in-situ Raman spectra, the catalyst reveals a superior durability with just an 11 mV of half wave potential decay after 10,000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry tests. Practically, the CeO<sub>2</sub>/N-C <sub>Cl</sub> assembled zinc-air batteries delivers a superior energy density (864 Wh kg-1 Zn), specific capacity (810 mAh g-1 Zn) and a long-term cycling stability in rechargeable ZABs, demonstrating its promising potential in energy conversion field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186155"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186134
Junsheng Xue , Wei Zhang , Zhengwang Zhu , Yanhui Li , Rie Y. Umetsu , Li Jiang , Junhua Luan , Haifeng Zhang
Stringent annealing requirements, such as high heating rates, hinder the industrial production of Fe-based Fe-(B, P, Si)-Cu nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys with high saturation magnetic flux density (Bs). In this study, substitution of B with an appropriate amount of P in Fe81.5Si4B13-xCu1.5Px (x = 0–8) alloys moderately reduces the amorphous-forming ability and promotes the formation of local crystal-like ordering (CLO) structures in the melt-spun state, arising from reduced atomic packing density, weakened interatomic interactions, and enhanced atomic diffusivity during quenching. Furthermore, the mutual affinity and aggregation of P atoms with Cu atoms facilitates the formation of abundant Cu(P) clusters in the amorphous matrix. These P-regulated CLO structures in the amorphous precursor enable high number-density α-Fe precipitation during conventional annealing, accompanied by sufficient Cu(P) clusters serving as heterogeneous nucleation sites for α-Fe, which induces a strong competitive growth effect among the α-Fe grains during annealing, contributing to significantly refined nanostructure, suppressed magneto-crystalline anisotropy, and thus enhanced magnetic softness of the nanocrystalline alloys. The nanocrystalline alloy with x = 6 exhibits an average α-Fe grain size, coercivity, effective permeability at 1 kHz, and Bs of 19.2 nm, 6.2 A/m, 11000, and 1.73 T, respectively, substantially improved compared to those of 47.6 nm, 213.6 A/m, 550, and 1.78 T for the x = 0 alloy. These findings provide key insights into the role of melt-spun precursor structure in regulating the nanocrystalline structure and magnetic properties, and offer a promising route for developing high-Bs nanocrystalline alloys suitable for industrial applications.
{"title":"Phosphorus addition-tuned melt-spun structure enables refined nanostructure and enhanced magnetic softness in Fe-Si-B-Cu nanocrystalline alloys","authors":"Junsheng Xue , Wei Zhang , Zhengwang Zhu , Yanhui Li , Rie Y. Umetsu , Li Jiang , Junhua Luan , Haifeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stringent annealing requirements, such as high heating rates, hinder the industrial production of Fe-based Fe-(B, P, Si)-Cu nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys with high saturation magnetic flux density (<em>B</em><sub>s</sub>). In this study, substitution of B with an appropriate amount of P in Fe<sub>81.5</sub>Si<sub>4</sub>B<sub>13-x</sub>Cu<sub>1.5</sub>P<sub>x</sub> (x = 0–8) alloys moderately reduces the amorphous-forming ability and promotes the formation of local crystal-like ordering (CLO) structures in the melt-spun state, arising from reduced atomic packing density, weakened interatomic interactions, and enhanced atomic diffusivity during quenching. Furthermore, the mutual affinity and aggregation of P atoms with Cu atoms facilitates the formation of abundant Cu(P) clusters in the amorphous matrix. These P-regulated CLO structures in the amorphous precursor enable high number-density α-Fe precipitation during conventional annealing, accompanied by sufficient Cu(P) clusters serving as heterogeneous nucleation sites for α-Fe, which induces a strong competitive growth effect among the α-Fe grains during annealing, contributing to significantly refined nanostructure, suppressed magneto-crystalline anisotropy, and thus enhanced magnetic softness of the nanocrystalline alloys. The nanocrystalline alloy with x = 6 exhibits an average α-Fe grain size, coercivity, effective permeability at 1 kHz, and <em>B</em><sub>s</sub> of 19.2 nm, 6.2 A/m, 11000, and 1.73 T, respectively, substantially improved compared to those of 47.6 nm, 213.6 A/m, 550, and 1.78 T for the x = 0 alloy. These findings provide key insights into the role of melt-spun precursor structure in regulating the nanocrystalline structure and magnetic properties, and offer a promising route for developing high-<em>B</em><sub>s</sub> nanocrystalline alloys suitable for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186134"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186130
Lina Jia , Yiman Zhang , Liangling Sun , Dong Wang , Xiaobo He , Gaohui Du
Hydrogen produced by electrochemical water splitting is a promising clean energy source. Strategies for optimizing the electronic structure and morphology of electrocatalysts are crucial for achieving efficient water splitting. In this study, we used chemical oxidation, hydrothermal synthesis, and electrodeposition to synthesize self-supported water-splitting electrodes comprising Ni-doped Cu2S/Co(OH)2 hierarchically heterostructured nanoarrays on copper foam (Ni-Cu2S/Co(OH)2/CF). This method enables the in situ growth of Cu(OH)2/CF nanoribbon precursors, Ni doping of Cu2S, and formation of multiphase heterostructures. The Cu(OH)2/CF nanoribbons provide mechanical stability, while Ni doping optimizes the electronic structure of Cu2S to enhance electrode conductivity. The vertically aligned Co(OH)2 nanosheets further increase the surface area and number of active sites. The Ni-Cu2S/Co(OH)2/CF electrocatalyst demonstrated outstanding performance in an alkaline environment, with low overpotentials of 74 and 265 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at 10 and 100 mA cm−2, and overpotentials of 325 and 430 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 50 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. The assembled electrolytic cell requires only 1.54 and 1.75 V to reach current densities of 50 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively, and exhibits excellent durability. Density functional theory calculations confirmed that Ni doping tunes the electron density and strengthens interfacial charge transfer between Ni-Cu2S and Co(OH)2, optimizing the adsorption of HER/OER intermediates and reducing the energy barriers. This electronic coupling accelerates charge transfer and enhances the reaction kinetics. This work provides new insights into the design of transition-metal hierarchical multiphase interface nanoarray electrocatalysts, promoting high-current-density applications in industrial water splitting.
{"title":"Interfacial modification of a Ni-doped Cu2S/Co(OH)2 heterostructured electrocatalyst boosts electrocatalytic alkaline overall water splitting","authors":"Lina Jia , Yiman Zhang , Liangling Sun , Dong Wang , Xiaobo He , Gaohui Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen produced by electrochemical water splitting is a promising clean energy source. Strategies for optimizing the electronic structure and morphology of electrocatalysts are crucial for achieving efficient water splitting. In this study, we used chemical oxidation, hydrothermal synthesis, and electrodeposition to synthesize self-supported water-splitting electrodes comprising Ni-doped Cu<sub>2</sub>S/Co(OH)<sub>2</sub> hierarchically heterostructured nanoarrays on copper foam (Ni-Cu<sub>2</sub>S/Co(OH)<sub>2</sub>/CF). This method enables the in situ growth of Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub>/CF nanoribbon precursors, Ni doping of Cu<sub>2</sub>S, and formation of multiphase heterostructures. The Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub>/CF nanoribbons provide mechanical stability, while Ni doping optimizes the electronic structure of Cu<sub>2</sub>S to enhance electrode conductivity. The vertically aligned Co(OH)<sub>2</sub> nanosheets further increase the surface area and number of active sites. The Ni-Cu<sub>2</sub>S/Co(OH)<sub>2</sub>/CF electrocatalyst demonstrated outstanding performance in an alkaline environment, with low overpotentials of 74 and 265 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at 10 and 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, and overpotentials of 325 and 430 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 50 and 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively. The assembled electrolytic cell requires only 1.54 and 1.75 V to reach current densities of 50 and 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively, and exhibits excellent durability. Density functional theory calculations confirmed that Ni doping tunes the electron density and strengthens interfacial charge transfer between Ni-Cu<sub>2</sub>S and Co(OH)<sub>2</sub>, optimizing the adsorption of HER/OER intermediates and reducing the energy barriers. This electronic coupling accelerates charge transfer and enhances the reaction kinetics. This work provides new insights into the design of transition-metal hierarchical multiphase interface nanoarray electrocatalysts, promoting high-current-density applications in industrial water splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186130"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186132
Xianfei Xie , Danqiang Huang , Sheng Wang , Jianfeng Dai , Qing Wang
The development of precisely engineered hierarchical heterogeneous interfaces in magnetic carbon-based composites remains a significant scientific and technical challenge. Strategic selection and integration of constituent materials are crucial to achieving a balanced synergistic effect between dielectric and magnetic loss mechanisms, which is fundamental for enabling high-efficiency and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Herein, the NiCo@hollow hierarchical porous carbon heterostructures featuring multiple heterogeneous interfaces and defects are reported. The morphology, interfaces, and defects of the components are modulated by controlling the acid etching time to vary the concentration of metal ions. The results indicate that the three-dimensional hollow porous flower-like morphology, heterogeneous interfaces, and abundant defects can effectively modulate conductive and polarization losses. This enables the impedance matching balance of carbon materials to be achieved, thereby enhancing the electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Regarding the NiCo@HNC-18 sample, effective absorption in the Ku band was attained at a thickness of 1.571 mm. The minimum reflection loss reached −72.6 dB, and the effective absorption bandwidth was 4.4 GHz, with a filler loading of merely 11.0 wt%. Furthermore, the RCS of the NiCo@HNC-18 sample was reduced by up to 14.7 dB m². It has been demonstrated that this sample exhibits excellent absorption performance in practical application scenarios. This research offers a potential strategy for the synthesis of electromagnetic wave absorbers with low filler content.
{"title":"Synthesis of NiCo@Hollow porous carbon with heterogeneous interfaces and defects and its electromagnetic wave absorption performance","authors":"Xianfei Xie , Danqiang Huang , Sheng Wang , Jianfeng Dai , Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of precisely engineered hierarchical heterogeneous interfaces in magnetic carbon-based composites remains a significant scientific and technical challenge. Strategic selection and integration of constituent materials are crucial to achieving a balanced synergistic effect between dielectric and magnetic loss mechanisms, which is fundamental for enabling high-efficiency and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Herein, the NiCo@hollow hierarchical porous carbon heterostructures featuring multiple heterogeneous interfaces and defects are reported. The morphology, interfaces, and defects of the components are modulated by controlling the acid etching time to vary the concentration of metal ions. The results indicate that the three-dimensional hollow porous flower-like morphology, heterogeneous interfaces, and abundant defects can effectively modulate conductive and polarization losses. This enables the impedance matching balance of carbon materials to be achieved, thereby enhancing the electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Regarding the NiCo@HNC-18 sample, effective absorption in the Ku band was attained at a thickness of 1.571 mm. The minimum reflection loss reached −72.6 dB, and the effective absorption bandwidth was 4.4 GHz, with a filler loading of merely 11.0 wt%. Furthermore, the RCS of the NiCo@HNC-18 sample was reduced by up to 14.7 dB m². It has been demonstrated that this sample exhibits excellent absorption performance in practical application scenarios. This research offers a potential strategy for the synthesis of electromagnetic wave absorbers with low filler content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186132"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Single-phase, near-stoichiometric Co2FeGa0.5Ge0.5 nanoparticles and nanowires have been synthesized using a template-free chemical method and electrospinning route, respectively. The nanoparticles and nanowires with highly ordered L21-type Heusler alloy structure exhibit polycrystalline nature with average crystallite sizes of 31 ± 1 nm and 30 ± 1 nm, respectively. Isothermal magnetic measurements revealed soft ferromagnetic behavior with high saturation magnetizations of 5.10 µB/f.u. for the nanoparticles and 5.08 µB/f.u. for the nanowires at 5 K. The nanoparticles and nanowires exhibited elevated effective magnetic anisotropy constants of approximately 6.42 × 106 erg/cc and 8.46 × 106 erg/cc, respectively, at 5 K. The Co2FeGa0.5Ge0.5 nanoparticles have been found to be in single-domain regime with a magnetic dead layer of ∼ 0.33 nm thickness. Electronic density of states calculations confirmed the half-metallic nature of the quaternary alloy. These studies highlight the potential of Co2FeGa0.5Ge0.5 nanowires and nanoparticles for spintronic and nanomagnetic applications.
{"title":"Synthesis and assessment of Co2FeGa0.5Ge0.5 Heusler alloy nanoparticles and nanowires for spintronic applications","authors":"Dinesh Subba, Debraj Mahata, Ananthakrishnan Srinivasan","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-phase, near-stoichiometric Co<sub>2</sub>FeGa<sub>0.5</sub>Ge<sub>0.5</sub> nanoparticles and nanowires have been synthesized using a template-free chemical method and electrospinning route, respectively. The nanoparticles and nanowires with highly ordered <em>L</em>2<sub>1</sub>-type Heusler alloy structure exhibit polycrystalline nature with average crystallite sizes of 31 ± 1 nm and 30 ± 1 nm, respectively. Isothermal magnetic measurements revealed soft ferromagnetic behavior with high saturation magnetizations of 5.10 µ<sub>B</sub>/f.u. for the nanoparticles and 5.08 µ<sub>B</sub>/f.u. for the nanowires at 5 K. The nanoparticles and nanowires exhibited elevated effective magnetic anisotropy constants of approximately 6.42 × 10<sup>6</sup> erg/cc and 8.46 × 10<sup>6</sup> erg/cc, respectively, at 5 K. The Co<sub>2</sub>FeGa<sub>0.5</sub>Ge<sub>0.5</sub> nanoparticles have been found to be in single-domain regime with a magnetic dead layer of ∼ 0.33 nm thickness. Electronic density of states calculations confirmed the half-metallic nature of the quaternary alloy. These studies highlight the potential of Co<sub>2</sub>FeGa<sub>0.5</sub>Ge<sub>0.5</sub> nanowires and nanoparticles for spintronic and nanomagnetic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Room-temperature ferromagnetic oxygen-vacancy-rich monoclinic ZrO2-x particles with various sizes and morphologies were successfully prepared via an aluminothermic reduction route. The thermite process preserved the phase structure and morphology of the parent m-ZrO2 but effectively reduced the valence state of Zr ions and introduce a substantial concentration of oxygen vacancies into the lattice. Among the obtained samples, the nanosized ZrO2-x particles exhibited the highest saturation magnetization of 0.515 emu/g. The quantity and types of oxygen-vacancy-related defects were found to play a pivotal role in mediating magnetic coupling between unpaired spins of Zr ions. The magnetic mechanism of ZrO2-x was systematically analyzed, and the underlying reasons for the inconsistencies reported in previous studies on ZrO2 magnetism were clarified. Experimental results further demonstrate that increasing the oxygen-vacancies concentration and promoting ZrO2-x crystal growth along the [001] direction are effective strategies for enhancing ferromagnetism. These findings suggest that oxygen-vacancy-rich undoped monoclinic ZrO2-x could serve as promising candidates for spintronics applications in dilute ferromagnetic semiconductors.
{"title":"Orientation and size effect on the room-temperature ferromagnetism of oxygen vacancy rich monoclinic ZrO2-x particles","authors":"Ling Gao , Qi Shao , Hao Zhi , Shengnan Zhang , Jiyuan Zhao , Yongxing Wei , Jianping Wang , Jiaying Jian","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Room-temperature ferromagnetic oxygen-vacancy-rich monoclinic ZrO<sub>2-<em>x</em></sub> particles with various sizes and morphologies were successfully prepared via an aluminothermic reduction route. The thermite process preserved the phase structure and morphology of the parent m-ZrO<sub>2</sub> but effectively reduced the valence state of Zr ions and introduce a substantial concentration of oxygen vacancies into the lattice. Among the obtained samples, the nanosized ZrO<sub>2-<em>x</em></sub> particles exhibited the highest saturation magnetization of 0.515 emu/g. The quantity and types of oxygen-vacancy-related defects were found to play a pivotal role in mediating magnetic coupling between unpaired spins of Zr ions. The magnetic mechanism of ZrO<sub>2-<em>x</em></sub> was systematically analyzed, and the underlying reasons for the inconsistencies reported in previous studies on ZrO<sub>2</sub> magnetism were clarified. Experimental results further demonstrate that increasing the oxygen-vacancies concentration and promoting ZrO<sub>2-<em>x</em></sub> crystal growth along the [001] direction are effective strategies for enhancing ferromagnetism. These findings suggest that oxygen-vacancy-rich undoped monoclinic ZrO<sub>2-<em>x</em></sub> could serve as promising candidates for spintronics applications in dilute ferromagnetic semiconductors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186123"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186136
Wen Lei , Yiying Yin , Xinyu Ye , Liaolin Zhang
Terbium-doped silicate magneto-optic (MO) glasses have attracted considerable research interest in recent years due to their high Verdet constant, excellent physicochemical properties, low cost, and compatibility with fiber drawing processes. However, conventional synthesis of silicate glasses often faces issues such as phase separation which degrades optical homogeneity, and oxidation of Tb3 + to Tb4+ during high-temperature melting, thereby reducing the magneto-optic performance. In this work, a modified sol-gel approach was adopted to produce high-quality Tb-doped MO glasses. Optical homogeneity was improved by using highly uniform glass powders derived from the sol-gel process. Moreover, remelting under vacuum atmosphere significantly enhanced the Tb3+/Tb4+ ratio, which in turn increased the Verdet constant at 632 nm from 78.85 to 99.38 rad·T−1·m−1 in 15Tb4O7-15Al2O3-50SiO2-20B2O3 (mol%) glass and from 80.57 to 108.9 rad·T−1·m−1 in 15Tb4O7-15Al2O3-40SiO2-30B2O3 (mol%) glass, respectively. Thus, this study demonstrates that a modified sol-gel process followed by melting under vacuum atmosphere effectively suppresses Tb4+ formation, enabling the successful fabrication of high-quality Tb3+-doped silicate glasses with enhanced magneto-optic performance.
{"title":"High-performance terbium-doped magneto-optic glass: Enhanced verdet constant via a modified sol-gel approach in a boron-aluminum-silicate system","authors":"Wen Lei , Yiying Yin , Xinyu Ye , Liaolin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terbium-doped silicate magneto-optic (MO) glasses have attracted considerable research interest in recent years due to their high Verdet constant, excellent physicochemical properties, low cost, and compatibility with fiber drawing processes. However, conventional synthesis of silicate glasses often faces issues such as phase separation which degrades optical homogeneity, and oxidation of Tb<sup>3 +</sup> to Tb<sup>4+</sup> during high-temperature melting, thereby reducing the magneto-optic performance. In this work, a modified sol-gel approach was adopted to produce high-quality Tb-doped MO glasses. Optical homogeneity was improved by using highly uniform glass powders derived from the sol-gel process. Moreover, remelting under vacuum atmosphere significantly enhanced the Tb<sup>3+</sup>/Tb<sup>4+</sup> ratio, which in turn increased the Verdet constant at 632 nm from 78.85 to 99.38 rad·T<sup>−1</sup>·m<sup>−1</sup> in 15Tb<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-15Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-50SiO<sub>2</sub>-20B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (mol%) glass and from 80.57 to 108.9 rad·T<sup>−1</sup>·m<sup>−1</sup> in 15Tb<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-15Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-40SiO<sub>2</sub>-30B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (mol%) glass, respectively. Thus, this study demonstrates that a modified sol-gel process followed by melting under vacuum atmosphere effectively suppresses Tb<sup>4+</sup> formation, enabling the successful fabrication of high-quality Tb<sup>3+</sup>-doped silicate glasses with enhanced magneto-optic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186136"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The magnetic properties of sintered Sm2Co17-type permanent magnets are governed by chemical composition and processing parameters, so it is a significant challenge to accurately predict the magnetic properties for designing and developing novel magnets. In the present study, four machine learning algorithms, including Decision Tree Regression (DTR), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), are utilized for predicting magnetic properties of sintered Sm2Co17-type permanent magnets. Of all the four models, GBR model demonstrates superior prediction performance. GBR model possess the highest R2 values in terms of Br, Hcj, and (BH)max datasets, which are 0.967, 0.893 and 0.959, respectively. According to the optimal chemical composition based on GBR model, Sm25Co50Fe16Cu6Zr3 (wt%) permanent magnet is fabricated, where the values of Br, Hcj and (BH)max measured experimentally are 10.44 kGs, 28.23 kOe and 24.20 MGOe, respectively, while the counterparts predicted by GBR model are 10.37 kGs, 28.10 kOe and 24.01 MGOe, respectively. The relative errors for Br, Hcj and (BH)max are 0.67 %, 0.46 % and 0.78 %, respectively. The close consistency between the predicted and experimental values demonstrates that the GBR model is reliable as a robust tool for optimizing the magnetic properties of SmCo magnets.
{"title":"Investigation on magnetic properties of Sm2Co17-type permanent magnets based on machine learning","authors":"Xiangyu Ma, Peng Lin, Shuyong Jiang, Xiao Feng, Jingru Chen, Xinxin Bai, Pengle Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The magnetic properties of sintered Sm<sub>2</sub>Co<sub>17</sub>-type permanent magnets are governed by chemical composition and processing parameters, so it is a significant challenge to accurately predict the magnetic properties for designing and developing novel magnets. In the present study, four machine learning algorithms, including Decision Tree Regression (DTR), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), are utilized for predicting magnetic properties of sintered Sm<sub>2</sub>Co<sub>17</sub>-type permanent magnets. Of all the four models, GBR model demonstrates superior prediction performance. GBR model possess the highest R<sup>2</sup> values in terms of B<sub>r</sub>, H<sub>cj</sub>, and (BH)<sub>max</sub> datasets, which are 0.967, 0.893 and 0.959, respectively. According to the optimal chemical composition based on GBR model, Sm<sub>25</sub>Co<sub>50</sub>Fe<sub>16</sub>Cu<sub>6</sub>Zr<sub>3</sub> (wt%) permanent magnet is fabricated, where the values of B<sub>r</sub>, H<sub>cj</sub> and (BH)<sub>max</sub> measured experimentally are 10.44 kGs, 28.23 kOe and 24.20 MGOe, respectively, while the counterparts predicted by GBR model are 10.37 kGs, 28.10 kOe and 24.01 MGOe, respectively. The relative errors for B<sub>r</sub>, H<sub>cj</sub> and (BH)<sub>max</sub> are 0.67 %, 0.46 % and 0.78 %, respectively. The close consistency between the predicted and experimental values demonstrates that the GBR model is reliable as a robust tool for optimizing the magnetic properties of SmCo magnets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1053 ","pages":"Article 186133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186112
Yu Peng , Jiafen Song , Zhiyuan Lu , Shiming Xu , Jiangtao Xiong , Wei Guo , Jinglong Li
This study investigates the effect of diffusion bonding temperature on the microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of Ti-10V-3Al-2Fe alloy joints. Bonding was performed below, within, and above the reported α+ β → β phase transformation temperature range to clarify the relationship between phase transformation and joint performance. At sub-transus temperatures (650 – 750 °C), the joints exhibited incomplete interfacial bonding characterized by microvoids and spheroidized α phases. At a near-transus condition (775 °C, corresponding to the lower bound of the reported transformation range), an interlaced α+ β structure developed, while the precipitation of acicular secondary α phases was associated with a reduction in ductility. At super-transus conditions (800 – 850 °C), grain boundary migration and coarsening of α phases further suppressed elongation. Mechanical properties exhibited a temperature-dependent evolution up to 725 °C, with simultaneous improvements in strength and ductility. Beyond this range, strength gains were limited, whereas elongation declined sharply due to phase transformation and grain growth. These findings highlight the complex interplay between bonding temperature, microstructural evolution, and mechanical response, providing practical guidelines for optimizing diffusion bonding parameters of near-β titanium alloys.
{"title":"β-transus controlled microstructural transition in diffusion-bonded Ti-10V-3Al-2Fe alloy","authors":"Yu Peng , Jiafen Song , Zhiyuan Lu , Shiming Xu , Jiangtao Xiong , Wei Guo , Jinglong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of diffusion bonding temperature on the microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of Ti-10V-3Al-2Fe alloy joints. Bonding was performed below, within, and above the reported α+ β → β phase transformation temperature range to clarify the relationship between phase transformation and joint performance. At sub-transus temperatures (650 – 750 °C), the joints exhibited incomplete interfacial bonding characterized by microvoids and spheroidized α phases. At a near-transus condition (775 °C, corresponding to the lower bound of the reported transformation range), an interlaced α+ β structure developed, while the precipitation of acicular secondary α phases was associated with a reduction in ductility. At super-transus conditions (800 – 850 °C), grain boundary migration and coarsening of α phases further suppressed elongation. Mechanical properties exhibited a temperature-dependent evolution up to 725 °C, with simultaneous improvements in strength and ductility. Beyond this range, strength gains were limited, whereas elongation declined sharply due to phase transformation and grain growth. These findings highlight the complex interplay between bonding temperature, microstructural evolution, and mechanical response, providing practical guidelines for optimizing diffusion bonding parameters of near-β titanium alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1053 ","pages":"Article 186112"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186139
Shilong Guo , Yanli Song , Yuhang Wu , Junhao Hu , Jue Lu , Chengjia Wang , Zhichao Jia , Lin Hua
To improve the mechanical properties of pre-damaged TC11 titanium alloy samples, a novel electroshock treatment (EST) with a specific energy was proposed. Room-temperature uniaxial tensile tests and microstructural characterizations were conducted on three kinds of samples under different states (ORI, Pred-ORI, and Pred-EST). Compared with the Pred-ORI samples, the Pred-EST samples exhibit an 18.3 % increase in the average elongation while maintaining unchanged tensile strength. Multi-scale characterization results reveal that EST promotes the recrystallization of Pred-ORI samples, reducing the average grain sizes of the α by 13.7 %. Meanwhile, EST decreases the average kernel average misorientation (KAM) of Pred-ORI samples by approximately 12.9 %, which alleviates the degree of dislocation tangling and pile-up. Furthermore, EST weakens the texture intensity of the pre-damaged samples: the intensity of the {01−10}< 2–1–10 > texture decreases from 11.56 to 9.17, and that of the {110}< 110 > texture drops from 16.56 to 4.38, thereby improving the anisotropy of the pre-damaged samples. Additionally, EST increases the Schmid factors corresponding to the {10−10}< 11–20 > prismatic slip system of the α-phase by 18.9 %. Combined with theoretical calculations, this study provides a detailed analysis of the damage evolution law of TC11 titanium alloy. It systematically analyzes the action mechanism of EST: the coupling effect of its thermal and athermal effects induces dislocation motion, repairs microstructural defects, and ultimately reduces material anisotropy while increasing the probability of slip system activation. Furthermore, the intrinsic correlation and core regulation mechanism between the repair of microstructural defects and the improvement of mechanical properties of TC11 titanium alloy are further revealed.
{"title":"Microscopic mechanism of enhanced strength-plasticity synergy in pre-damaged TC11 titanium alloys via novel electroshock treatment","authors":"Shilong Guo , Yanli Song , Yuhang Wu , Junhao Hu , Jue Lu , Chengjia Wang , Zhichao Jia , Lin Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the mechanical properties of pre-damaged TC11 titanium alloy samples, a novel electroshock treatment (EST) with a specific energy was proposed. Room-temperature uniaxial tensile tests and microstructural characterizations were conducted on three kinds of samples under different states (ORI, Pred-ORI, and Pred-EST). Compared with the Pred-ORI samples, the Pred-EST samples exhibit an 18.3 % increase in the average elongation while maintaining unchanged tensile strength. Multi-scale characterization results reveal that EST promotes the recrystallization of Pred-ORI samples, reducing the average grain sizes of the α by 13.7 %. Meanwhile, EST decreases the average kernel average misorientation (KAM) of Pred-ORI samples by approximately 12.9 %, which alleviates the degree of dislocation tangling and pile-up. Furthermore, EST weakens the texture intensity of the pre-damaged samples: the intensity of the {01−10}< 2–1–10 > texture decreases from 11.56 to 9.17, and that of the {110}< 110 > texture drops from 16.56 to 4.38, thereby improving the anisotropy of the pre-damaged samples. Additionally, EST increases the Schmid factors corresponding to the {10−10}< 11–20 > prismatic slip system of the α-phase by 18.9 %. Combined with theoretical calculations, this study provides a detailed analysis of the damage evolution law of TC11 titanium alloy. It systematically analyzes the action mechanism of EST: the coupling effect of its thermal and athermal effects induces dislocation motion, repairs microstructural defects, and ultimately reduces material anisotropy while increasing the probability of slip system activation. Furthermore, the intrinsic correlation and core regulation mechanism between the repair of microstructural defects and the improvement of mechanical properties of TC11 titanium alloy are further revealed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 186139"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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