Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185536
Jintao Li , Qiliang Luo , Zezou Rao , Jiao Hu , Yan Chen , Li Ma , Jiancheng Tang , Haiou Zhuo
Oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloys exhibit significant potential as heat dissipation material in fusion reactors. In this study, Cu-Y2O3 composite powders were synthesized using the resonant acoustic mixing technology, and Cu-Y2O3 composites with Y2O3 contents of 0.5 %–2.0 % were fabricated through sintering combined with hot rolling. The influence of Y2O3 content on the microstructure and properties of the composites was systematically investigated. The addition of Y2O3 inhibits grain growth and recrystallization, leading to a reduction in the average grain size, an increase in LAGBs proportion and dislocation density. Furthermore, the interface between Y2O3 and the Cu matrix is non-coherent, with a specific orientation of . Mechanical properties improve with Y2O3 content, reaching a microhardness of 113.82 HV and an ultimate tensile strength of 494.97 MPa at 2.0 % Y2O3, mainly achieved through fine grain strengthening, Orowan strengthening and dislocation strengthening. Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity decrease with increasing Y2O3 content. The highest thermal conductivity is achieved at 1.0 % Y2O3, reaching 370.23 W/(m∙K) at room temperature and 352.65 W/(m∙K) at 650°C. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating Cu-Y2O3 composites using composite powders synthesized via acoustic resonance, providing a promising approach for the development of ODS-Cu materials.
{"title":"Microstructure and property characterization of Y2O3 dispersion-strengthened copper alloy prepared by powder metallurgy and hot rolling hybrid process","authors":"Jintao Li , Qiliang Luo , Zezou Rao , Jiao Hu , Yan Chen , Li Ma , Jiancheng Tang , Haiou Zhuo","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloys exhibit significant potential as heat dissipation material in fusion reactors. In this study, Cu-Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite powders were synthesized using the resonant acoustic mixing technology, and Cu-Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composites with Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents of 0.5 %–2.0 % were fabricated through sintering combined with hot rolling. The influence of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content on the microstructure and properties of the composites was systematically investigated. The addition of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> inhibits grain growth and recrystallization, leading to a reduction in the average grain size, an increase in LAGBs proportion and dislocation density. Furthermore, the interface between Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and the Cu matrix is non-coherent, with a specific orientation of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>11</mn><mover><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>̅</mo></mover><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mtext>Cu</mtext></mrow></msub><mspace></mspace><mo>/</mo><mo>/</mo><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mover><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mo>̅</mo></mover><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mtext>Y</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mtext>O</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>. Mechanical properties improve with Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content, reaching a microhardness of 113.82 HV and an ultimate tensile strength of 494.97 MPa at 2.0 % Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, mainly achieved through fine grain strengthening, Orowan strengthening and dislocation strengthening. Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity decrease with increasing Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content. The highest thermal conductivity is achieved at 1.0 % Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, reaching 370.23 W/(m∙K) at room temperature and 352.65 W/(m∙K) at 650°C. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating Cu-Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composites using composite powders synthesized via acoustic resonance, providing a promising approach for the development of ODS-Cu materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185536"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145735344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185541
S. Sohrabi , M.M. Rezaei , R. Gholamipour , B.Y. Sun , J. Ma , W.H. Wang
This study investigates the structural evolution of a Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk metallic glass (BMG) subjected to compressive elasto-static loading (ESL) at 90 % of yield stress for varying durations (6–24 h). A combination of advanced techniques—including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and nanoindentation—was employed to probe structural changes, free volume evolution, and shear transformation zone (STZ) dynamics. The results show a progressive increase in relaxation enthalpy and a trimodal free volume distribution, with STZ-associated defects growing in size and concentration. HRTEM revealed nanoscale structural heterogeneities and bond dilation, while nanoindentation confirmed reductions in hardness and modulus. STZ volume expanded from 7.06 nm³ to 13.70 nm³ after 24 h of loading, reflecting enhanced atomic mobility and plasticity. Overall, ESL effectively rejuvenates BMGs by promoting STZ nucleation and growth, increasing free volume, and improving plasticity without causing macroscopic deformation.
{"title":"Free volume and STZ evolution during elasto-static rejuvenation of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass","authors":"S. Sohrabi , M.M. Rezaei , R. Gholamipour , B.Y. Sun , J. Ma , W.H. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the structural evolution of a Zr<sub>55</sub>Cu<sub>30</sub>Al<sub>10</sub>Ni<sub>5</sub> bulk metallic glass (BMG) subjected to compressive elasto-static loading (ESL) at 90 % of yield stress for varying durations (6–24 h). A combination of advanced techniques—including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and nanoindentation—was employed to probe structural changes, free volume evolution, and shear transformation zone (STZ) dynamics. The results show a progressive increase in relaxation enthalpy and a trimodal free volume distribution, with STZ-associated defects growing in size and concentration. HRTEM revealed nanoscale structural heterogeneities and bond dilation, while nanoindentation confirmed reductions in hardness and modulus. STZ volume expanded from 7.06 nm³ to 13.70 nm³ after 24 h of loading, reflecting enhanced atomic mobility and plasticity. Overall, ESL effectively rejuvenates BMGs by promoting STZ nucleation and growth, increasing free volume, and improving plasticity without causing macroscopic deformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185541"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent, a newly developed single BCC phase 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr refractory high entropy alloy has been reported to exhibit superior fretting wear resistance, compared to Ti6Al4V, which is widely used for aviation fasteners. The 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr alloy is designed for elevated temperature applications; furthermore, high temperature deformation is an important processing route to fabricate materials for desired shape. Therefore, in this study, high temperature deformation behavior and microstructure evolution mechanisms in the 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr alloy was studied via high temperature uniaxial compression up to a true strain of −1.0 at temperature between 1273 – 1573 K under a true strain rate between 1 × 10−4 − 1 × 10−2 s−1. All true stress - true strain curves demonstrated work-softening type due to dynamic recrystallization. An increase in the deformation temperature and a decrease in true strain rate promote recrystallization. In fully recrystallized microstructures, the formation of {001} oriented grains strongly dominate and the {001} fiber texture is characterized. This is different from the texture of the deformation at room temperature and lower temperature, characterized as the double {001} and {111} fiber texture. The strong formation of {001} texture is expected to be resulted by the preferential dynamic grain growth of {001} oriented grains due to the lowest Taylor factor of {001} oriented grains in case of uniaxial compression.
{"title":"Microstructure and texture evolution of newly developed 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr high entropy alloy during high temperature uniaxial compression","authors":"Pramote Thirathipviwat , Yusuke Onuki , Shigeo Sato , Daichi Minami , Makoto Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent, a newly developed single BCC phase 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr refractory high entropy alloy has been reported to exhibit superior fretting wear resistance, compared to Ti6Al4V, which is widely used for aviation fasteners. The 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr alloy is designed for elevated temperature applications; furthermore, high temperature deformation is an important processing route to fabricate materials for desired shape. Therefore, in this study, high temperature deformation behavior and microstructure evolution mechanisms in the 30Nb5Ta30Ti15V20Zr alloy was studied via high temperature uniaxial compression up to a true strain of −1.0 at temperature between 1273 – 1573 K under a true strain rate between 1 × 10<sup>−4</sup> − 1 × 10<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. All true stress - true strain curves demonstrated work-softening type due to dynamic recrystallization. An increase in the deformation temperature and a decrease in true strain rate promote recrystallization. In fully recrystallized microstructures, the formation of {001} oriented grains strongly dominate and the {001} fiber texture is characterized. This is different from the texture of the deformation at room temperature and lower temperature, characterized as the double {001} and {111} fiber texture. The strong formation of {001} texture is expected to be resulted by the preferential dynamic grain growth of {001} oriented grains due to the lowest Taylor factor of {001} oriented grains in case of uniaxial compression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185540"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145735936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185543
Muhammad Arif, Peng Song, Muhammad Zia Ullah Shah, Jing Feng, Muhammad Sanaullah Shah, Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi, Magdi E.A. Zaki, Zainab M. Almarhoon, A. Shah
One of the critical factors for enhancing the cycle stability, efficiency, and energy storage ability of nanomaterials is believed to be the manipulation of their morphology and structure. This has become a significant focus of research in materials science, as it has been observed that the shape, morphology, and arrangement of nanomaterials significantly influence their long-term stability and efficiency. This study found that carbon nanofibers (CNFs) improved the performance of tin diselenide (SnS2) by enhancing its conductivity, surface ion adsorption capacity, and ability to store ions. In this study, three-dimensional SnS2-CNFs composite was fabricated using simple electrodeposition techniques. The SnS2-CNFs composite showed excellent electrochemical properties, including a specific capacity of 670 F/g. The obtained results are much higher than their bulk counterparts at identical conditions at a fixed potential scan between 0.0-0.6 V. The fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor SnS2-CNFs||AC|KOH assembly demonstrated a high specific energy of 47 Wh/kg (11700 W/kg specific power) and good cycle life (95.7%, till 10,000 cycles). This study emphasizes the significance of integrating redox-active SnS₂ with conductive carbon nanofibers to develop high-performance, economical, and sustainable energy-storage systems.
{"title":"Nanoconfined ultrathin SnS2 nanosheets in porous carbon nanofibers for ultrafast and durable energy storage","authors":"Muhammad Arif, Peng Song, Muhammad Zia Ullah Shah, Jing Feng, Muhammad Sanaullah Shah, Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi, Magdi E.A. Zaki, Zainab M. Almarhoon, A. Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185543","url":null,"abstract":"One of the critical factors for enhancing the cycle stability, efficiency, and energy storage ability of nanomaterials is believed to be the manipulation of their morphology and structure. This has become a significant focus of research in materials science, as it has been observed that the shape, morphology, and arrangement of nanomaterials significantly influence their long-term stability and efficiency. This study found that carbon nanofibers (CNFs) improved the performance of tin diselenide (SnS<sub>2</sub>) by enhancing its conductivity, surface ion adsorption capacity, and ability to store ions. In this study, three-dimensional SnS<sub>2</sub>-CNFs composite was fabricated using simple electrodeposition techniques. The SnS<sub>2</sub>-CNFs composite showed excellent electrochemical properties, including a specific capacity of 670<!-- --> <!-- -->F/g. The obtained results are much higher than their bulk counterparts at identical conditions at a fixed potential scan between 0.0-0.6<!-- --> <!-- -->V. The fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor SnS<sub>2</sub>-CNFs||AC|KOH assembly demonstrated a high specific energy of 47<!-- --> <!-- -->Wh/kg (11700<!-- --> <!-- -->W/kg specific power) and good cycle life (95.7%, till 10,000 cycles). This study emphasizes the significance of integrating redox-active SnS₂ with conductive carbon nanofibers to develop high-performance, economical, and sustainable energy-storage systems.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185506
JiLong Ha, ZhengDong Qin, Qianlong Ren, ShengQuan Liang, Yu Wu, Ming Chen, Lei Zhang, Jinhui Wang
In AE-series Mg alloys, the non-uniform distribution of precipitates often results in limited elongation, and improving the distribution of precipitates in the alloy can effectively improve the plasticity of the alloy. The relationship between alloy structure and mechanical properties is explored through room temperature tensile experiments conducted on cast Mg-4Al-3Ce-xZn (x = 0, 2, 4, 6 wt%) alloys in this work. The results indicate that the alloy with 4 wt% Zn added exhibits the best overall mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 235 MPa and an elongation of 11.3 %. During deformation, the Mg-4Al-3Ce-4Zn alloy activates multiple twin variants and promotes the activation of prismatic and pyramidal slip systems. This dual activation enhances strain compatibility between grains, thereby improving overall ductility. Additionally, the types and morphologies of precipitates in Mg-4Al-3Ce-4Zn alloy is changed. The originally continuous network-distributed Al₁₁Ce₃/Al₄Ce phases transform into multi-layered block-shaped Al₂CeZn₂ phases and cluster-like Al₁₁Ce₃ phases. Studies indicate that the layered Al₂CeZn₂ phase not only effectively impedes dislocation motion but also accommodates dislocation movement within the phase. Concurrently, the cluster-like Al₁₁Ce₃ phase also effectively obstructs dislocation motion, ultimately leading to the entanglement of high-density dislocations. The combined effects of these precipitates significantly enhance the plasticity and strength of the alloy.
{"title":"Plasticity improves via enhanced dislocation accommodation by Al2CeZn2 phase and reduction of twin crossing in Mg-4Al-3Ce-xZn","authors":"JiLong Ha, ZhengDong Qin, Qianlong Ren, ShengQuan Liang, Yu Wu, Ming Chen, Lei Zhang, Jinhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In AE-series Mg alloys, the non-uniform distribution of precipitates often results in limited elongation, and improving the distribution of precipitates in the alloy can effectively improve the plasticity of the alloy. The relationship between alloy structure and mechanical properties is explored through room temperature tensile experiments conducted on cast Mg-4Al-3Ce-<em>x</em>Zn (<em>x</em> = 0, 2, 4, 6 wt%) alloys in this work. The results indicate that the alloy with 4 wt% Zn added exhibits the best overall mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 235 MPa and an elongation of 11.3 %. During deformation, the Mg-4Al-3Ce-4Zn alloy activates multiple twin variants and promotes the activation of prismatic and pyramidal slip systems. This dual activation enhances strain compatibility between grains, thereby improving overall ductility. Additionally, the types and morphologies of precipitates in Mg-4Al-3Ce-4Zn alloy is changed. The originally continuous network-distributed Al₁₁Ce₃/Al₄Ce phases transform into multi-layered block-shaped Al₂CeZn₂ phases and cluster-like Al₁₁Ce₃ phases. Studies indicate that the layered Al₂CeZn₂ phase not only effectively impedes dislocation motion but also accommodates dislocation movement within the phase. Concurrently, the cluster-like Al₁₁Ce₃ phase also effectively obstructs dislocation motion, ultimately leading to the entanglement of high-density dislocations. The combined effects of these precipitates significantly enhance the plasticity and strength of the alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185506"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145718291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185522
Shiheng Zhang , Zhuang Liu , Yang Yang , Haichen Wu , Yaowen Li , Chaoqun Zhu , Hao Duan , Zhaoyang Guo , Chengxiong Liu , Renjie Chen , Aru Yan
Enhancing both the magnetic and mechanical properties of 2:17-type SmCo magnets remains a critical challenge for high-performance applications. In this work, we achieve a synergistic improvement in these properties by incorporating high-melting-point spherical Nb2O5 particles as dopants. The results indicate that doping with an appropriate amount of Nb2O5 increases the coercivity from 32.77 kOe to 35.61 kOe, the remanence from 11.16 kG to 11.32 kG, and the flexural strength from 80 MPa to 110 MPa. The magnetic orientation is significantly enhanced due to the solid lubricating effect of the spherical Nb2O5 particles, which reduces the average deviation angle of the easy axis from the c-axis from about 25° to 15°. Moreover, the introduction of Nb2O5 promotes the formation of a more uniform cellular structure with thicker cell boundary phases, leading to stronger domain wall pinning. Additionally, Nb2O5 doping induces notable grain refinement, further contributing to the improved mechanical performance. This study demonstrates that trace addition of spherical Nb2O5 can simultaneously enhance both the magnetic and mechanical properties of 2:17-type SmCo magnets, offering a promising strategy for performance optimization.
{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of magnetic and mechanical properties in 2:17-type SmCo magnets via spherical Nb2O5 doping","authors":"Shiheng Zhang , Zhuang Liu , Yang Yang , Haichen Wu , Yaowen Li , Chaoqun Zhu , Hao Duan , Zhaoyang Guo , Chengxiong Liu , Renjie Chen , Aru Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing both the magnetic and mechanical properties of 2:17-type SmCo magnets remains a critical challenge for high-performance applications. In this work, we achieve a synergistic improvement in these properties by incorporating high-melting-point spherical Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> particles as dopants. The results indicate that doping with an appropriate amount of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> increases the coercivity from 32.77 kOe to 35.61 kOe, the remanence from 11.16 kG to 11.32 kG, and the flexural strength from 80 MPa to 110 MPa. The magnetic orientation is significantly enhanced due to the solid lubricating effect of the spherical Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> particles, which reduces the average deviation angle of the easy axis from the c-axis from about 25° to 15°. Moreover, the introduction of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> promotes the formation of a more uniform cellular structure with thicker cell boundary phases, leading to stronger domain wall pinning. Additionally, Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> doping induces notable grain refinement, further contributing to the improved mechanical performance. This study demonstrates that trace addition of spherical Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> can simultaneously enhance both the magnetic and mechanical properties of 2:17-type SmCo magnets, offering a promising strategy for performance optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185522"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185538
Yuxiang Qin , Nan Chen , Xiang Ren
Multifunctional flexible wearable sensors can be applied in electronic skin, health monitoring, and safety warning systems. Most of the reported multifunctional sensors are realized by integrating various components with different sensing functions, which increases complexity and reduces wearability. Achieving the collection and processing of multiple signals through a sensing device with a single functional layer remains a challenge. In this work, a bimodal sensor with good breathability and wearing comfort for pressure-ammonia sensing detection was designed by introducing reduced graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles into cotton fibers as the functional layer, combined with carbon fabric electrodes. The sensor exhibits high pressure sensitivity (9.22 kPa⁻¹), excellent linearity of 0.99769, a wide detection range (0–500 kPa), fast response and recovery time (25 and 32 ms at 1 kPa), and outstanding stability (7000 compression cycles). Additionally, it is capable of detecting ammonia gas in the concentration range of 0.5–50 ppm at room temperature, with excellent repeatability, gas selectivity, and humidity resistance. Finally, the sensor was integrated into a mask and connected to a terminal app via a Bluetooth module to form a breath monitoring system. With this system, real-time monitoring of human respiratory rate and intensity can be achieved, and abnormal ammonia gas concentrations in exhaled breath can be alerted, thus demonstrating the great potential of presented bimodal sensor in wearable healthcare applications.
{"title":"Fiber-based wearable pressure-gas bimodal sensor with high breathability for health monitoring","authors":"Yuxiang Qin , Nan Chen , Xiang Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multifunctional flexible wearable sensors can be applied in electronic skin, health monitoring, and safety warning systems. Most of the reported multifunctional sensors are realized by integrating various components with different sensing functions, which increases complexity and reduces wearability. Achieving the collection and processing of multiple signals through a sensing device with a single functional layer remains a challenge. In this work, a bimodal sensor with good breathability and wearing comfort for pressure-ammonia sensing detection was designed by introducing reduced graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles into cotton fibers as the functional layer, combined with carbon fabric electrodes. The sensor exhibits high pressure sensitivity (9.22 kPa⁻¹), excellent linearity of 0.99769, a wide detection range (0–500 kPa), fast response and recovery time (25 and 32 ms at 1 kPa), and outstanding stability (7000 compression cycles). Additionally, it is capable of detecting ammonia gas in the concentration range of 0.5–50 ppm at room temperature, with excellent repeatability, gas selectivity, and humidity resistance. Finally, the sensor was integrated into a mask and connected to a terminal app via a Bluetooth module to form a breath monitoring system. With this system, real-time monitoring of human respiratory rate and intensity can be achieved, and abnormal ammonia gas concentrations in exhaled breath can be alerted, thus demonstrating the great potential of presented bimodal sensor in wearable healthcare applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185538"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145718292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The long term exposure to antibiotics such as rifampicin, which belongs to rifamycin family, can result in health ailments. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective sensor to monitor the RF level. A disposable electrochemical sensing platform was developed using zirconium oxide/copper doped carbon dots nanocomposite (ZrO2/Cu-CD) modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The ZrO2 and Cu-CD were prepared using hydrothermal method. The surface modification on SPCE was done using simple drop-casting method. The combination of ZrO2 and Cu-CD facilitated the electron transfer process and enhanced conductivity, respectively. The property of the nanomaterials was studied using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Furthermore, the prepared nanomaterials were utilized for the fabrication of a highly efficient electrochemical sensor for the detection of rifampicin using electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The studies demonstrated excellent performance of the developed sensor with a limit of detection of 0.04 µM with a linearity of 0.2–15 µM. An appreciable recovery rate of 77–86 % in real-sample analysis achieved using human serum has confirmed its practical feasibility in the real-time detection of clinical samples.
{"title":"Disposable ZrO2/copper doped carbon dot nanomaterial modified screen printed electrode for the electrochemical detection of rifampicin","authors":"Karutha Pandian Divya , Rajmohan Swetha , Lakshmi Devi A. , T.G. Satheesh Babu","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long term exposure to antibiotics such as rifampicin, which belongs to rifamycin family, can result in health ailments. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective sensor to monitor the RF level. A disposable electrochemical sensing platform was developed using zirconium oxide/copper doped carbon dots nanocomposite (ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Cu-CD) modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The ZrO<sub>2</sub> and Cu-CD were prepared using hydrothermal method. The surface modification on SPCE was done using simple drop-casting method. The combination of ZrO<sub>2</sub> and Cu-CD facilitated the electron transfer process and enhanced conductivity, respectively. The property of the nanomaterials was studied using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Furthermore, the prepared nanomaterials were utilized for the fabrication of a highly efficient electrochemical sensor for the detection of rifampicin using electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The studies demonstrated excellent performance of the developed sensor with a limit of detection of 0.04 µM with a linearity of 0.2–15 µM. An appreciable recovery rate of 77–86 % in real-sample analysis achieved using human serum has confirmed its practical feasibility in the real-time detection of clinical samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185437"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The microstructure, phase composition, conductivity and hardness of the Al-1at%(Ni+REM) (where REM=Er, Gd, Sm, Yb, or Y) alloys with Ni/REM ratio equal 3/1 and 5/3 in the as-cast and homogenized states were investigated in details. The phase composition of Al-Ni-Yb alloys was firstly investigated. Two major Al9Ni3REM and Al3Ni phases were divided in the Al-Ni-REM alloys with 3/1 ratio. The main phases in the Al-Ni-REM alloys with 5/3 ratio in the as-cast states were Al19Ni5REM3 and Al9Ni3REM. The fine as-cast eutectic structure was significantly fragmentized and grew from 0.1 to 0.2 µm to 1.0–1.5 µm after homogenization treatment at 605–620°C. The phase composition of the homogenized alloys was analyzed in combination with XRD: the Al9Ni3REM and Al19Ni5REM3 are the major intermetallics in the investigated alloys. The Al14Ni7Y3 and Al23Ni6Y4 phases were additionally found in the Al-Ni-Y alloy due to the lowest Ni/Y ratio. Ternary Al-Ni-REM alloys demonstrated the good combination of yield strength (85–98 MPa) and thermal conductivity (189–204 W/mK) after homogenization treatment what make it prospective compositions for development of novel cast alloys for electric vehicle applications.
{"title":"Microstructure and phase composition of the cast Al-1at.%(Ni+REM) alloys with Ni/REM ratio equal 3/1 and 5/3","authors":"M. Kutsov, E.N. Zanaeva, M.V. Glavatskikh, M.G. Khomutov, R.Yu. Barkov, A.V. Pozdniakov","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructure, phase composition, conductivity and hardness of the Al-1at%(Ni+REM) (where REM=Er, Gd, Sm, Yb, or Y) alloys with Ni/REM ratio equal 3/1 and 5/3 in the as-cast and homogenized states were investigated in details. The phase composition of Al-Ni-Yb alloys was firstly investigated. Two major Al<sub>9</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>REM and Al<sub>3</sub>Ni phases were divided in the Al-Ni-REM alloys with 3/1 ratio. The main phases in the Al-Ni-REM alloys with 5/3 ratio in the as-cast states were Al<sub>19</sub>Ni<sub>5</sub>REM<sub>3</sub> and Al<sub>9</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>REM. The fine as-cast eutectic structure was significantly fragmentized and grew from 0.1 to 0.2 µm to 1.0–1.5 µm after homogenization treatment at 605–620°C. The phase composition of the homogenized alloys was analyzed in combination with XRD: the Al<sub>9</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>REM and Al<sub>19</sub>Ni<sub>5</sub>REM<sub>3</sub> are the major intermetallics in the investigated alloys. The Al<sub>14</sub>Ni<sub>7</sub>Y<sub>3</sub> and Al<sub>23</sub>Ni<sub>6</sub>Y<sub>4</sub> phases were additionally found in the Al-Ni-Y alloy due to the lowest Ni/Y ratio. Ternary Al-Ni-REM alloys demonstrated the good combination of yield strength (85–98 MPa) and thermal conductivity (189–204 W/mK) after homogenization treatment what make it prospective compositions for development of novel cast alloys for electric vehicle applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185514"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185513
Can Yuan, Xingyang Peng, Kang Wang, Huangyao Chen, Chaoyong Deng, Ruirui Cui
La4Ga2O9 (LGO) phosphors doped with Bi3+ and Eu3+ ions were effectively synthesized through high-temperature solid-state processes. LGO adopts a monoclinic crystal system with the space group P21/c. the prepared phosphors present as aggregates of irregular micrometer-scale particles with a particle size ranging from several micrometers to tens of micrometers. The phase purity, crystal structure, morphology, and elemental composition of the samples were systematically characterized using X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Results confirm that Bi3+ and Eu3+ ions effectively replace La3+ sites in the LGO host lattice without altering the crystal structure. Photoluminescence analysis reveals that LGO:Bi3+ phosphor exhibits a broad blue emission band with a central wavelength of 438 nm upon 330 nm excitation, while LGO:Eu3+ phosphor shows characteristic red emission at 608 nm. In co-doped samples, Bi3+ efficiently transferred energy to Eu3+, enabling color-tunable emission from blue to red by varying Eu3+ levels. The energy transfer efficiency reached 71.7 % when y = 1.1. Thermocouple fluorescence spectroscopy (298–473 K) reveals that Eu3+ exhibits a faster thermal quenching rate than Bi3+. Sensitivity analysis indicates this material possesses excellent potential for optical temperature measurement. Additionally, this phosphor exhibits distinct fluorescence under 254 and 365 nm ultraviolet light, enabling information decoding through specific filters. Its luminescence color exhibits reversible changes with temperature. These multi-mode luminescence properties confer LGO:Bi3+, Eu3+ with broad application prospects in advanced anti-counterfeiting, dynamic information encryption, and optical temperature sensing.
{"title":"Dual-functional La4Ga2O9:Bi3 + , Eu3+ phosphor based on energy transfer: Temperature sensing and multimodal dynamic anti-counterfeiting","authors":"Can Yuan, Xingyang Peng, Kang Wang, Huangyao Chen, Chaoyong Deng, Ruirui Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>La<sub>4</sub>Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9</sub> (LGO) phosphors doped with Bi<sup>3+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions were effectively synthesized through high-temperature solid-state processes. LGO adopts a monoclinic crystal system with the space group P2<sub>1</sub>/c. the prepared phosphors present as aggregates of irregular micrometer-scale particles with a particle size ranging from several micrometers to tens of micrometers. The phase purity, crystal structure, morphology, and elemental composition of the samples were systematically characterized using X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Results confirm that Bi<sup>3+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions effectively replace La<sup>3+</sup> sites in the LGO host lattice without altering the crystal structure. Photoluminescence analysis reveals that LGO:Bi<sup>3+</sup> phosphor exhibits a broad blue emission band with a central wavelength of 438 nm upon 330 nm excitation, while LGO:Eu<sup>3+</sup> phosphor shows characteristic red emission at 608 nm. In co-doped samples, Bi<sup>3+</sup> efficiently transferred energy to Eu<sup>3+</sup>, enabling color-tunable emission from blue to red by varying Eu<sup>3+</sup> levels. The energy transfer efficiency reached 71.7 % when <em>y</em> = 1.1. Thermocouple fluorescence spectroscopy (298–473 K) reveals that Eu<sup>3+</sup> exhibits a faster thermal quenching rate than Bi<sup>3+</sup>. Sensitivity analysis indicates this material possesses excellent potential for optical temperature measurement. Additionally, this phosphor exhibits distinct fluorescence under 254 and 365 nm ultraviolet light, enabling information decoding through specific filters. Its luminescence color exhibits reversible changes with temperature. These multi-mode luminescence properties confer LGO:Bi<sup>3+</sup>, Eu<sup>3+</sup> with broad application prospects in advanced anti-counterfeiting, dynamic information encryption, and optical temperature sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1050 ","pages":"Article 185513"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145697288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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