Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180168
Ming Gao , Rui Bao , Jianhong Yi , Caiju Li , Jingmei Tao , Yan Ren , Linjiang Du , Yuanchun Zhao , Chao Wu , Liang Liu
Compositional segregation, microstructural inhomogeneity and insufficient wear-resistant are the primary challenges associated with the traditional smelting and casting of Cu-Ni-Si alloys. This study presented a powder metallurgy technique for preparing Ti3SiC2 MAX phase reinforced Cu-3.8Ni-1Si alloy with homogeneous composition and good comprehensive performance. The manipulation of solution and precipitation as well as the morphology modulation of δ-Ni₂Si phases were achieved via Ti3SiC2 MAX phase and in-situ formed SiC whiskers. Nano-sized Ni₂Si phase showed a coherent interface relationship with the alloy matrix, which hindered the climbing and sliding of dislocations. A mechanically mixed layer (MML) composed of Ti3SiC2 MAX phase, SiC whisker, and δ-Ni₂Si phase were formed on the surface of tribological layer. Meanwhile, the synergistic effects among Ti3SiC2 MAX phase, SiC whisker, and δ-Ni₂Si phase significantly improved the mechanical properties. Therefore, Ti3SiC2/Cu-Ni-Si composite has provided a promising candidate for applications requiring high strength and wear resistance in copper alloys.
{"title":"Simultaneously enhanced strength and wear-resistance of Ti3SiC2 MAX phase reinforced Cu-Ni-Si composite via powder metallurgy method","authors":"Ming Gao , Rui Bao , Jianhong Yi , Caiju Li , Jingmei Tao , Yan Ren , Linjiang Du , Yuanchun Zhao , Chao Wu , Liang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compositional segregation, microstructural inhomogeneity and insufficient wear-resistant are the primary challenges associated with the traditional smelting and casting of Cu-Ni-Si alloys. This study presented a powder metallurgy technique for preparing Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub> MAX phase reinforced Cu-3.8Ni-1Si alloy with homogeneous composition and good comprehensive performance. The manipulation of solution and precipitation as well as the morphology modulation of δ-Ni₂Si phases were achieved via Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub> MAX phase and in-situ formed SiC whiskers. Nano-sized Ni₂Si phase showed a coherent interface relationship with the alloy matrix, which hindered the climbing and sliding of dislocations. A mechanically mixed layer (MML) composed of Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub> MAX phase, SiC whisker, and δ-Ni₂Si phase were formed on the surface of tribological layer. Meanwhile, the synergistic effects among Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub> MAX phase, SiC whisker, and δ-Ni₂Si phase significantly improved the mechanical properties. Therefore, Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub>/Cu-Ni-Si composite has provided a promising candidate for applications requiring high strength and wear resistance in copper alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1023 ","pages":"Article 180168"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180021
Amira Ben Hjal , Arshad Yazdanpanah , Elena Colusso , Noah Tormena , Dario De Nicola , Paolo Dolcet , Nicola Trivellin , Khaled Alouani , Manuele Dabalà , Katya Brunelli
Heterostructure materials based on transition metal chalcogenides are gaining significant attention due to their unique interfaces, robust structures, and synergistic effects, which have the potential to enhance energy production and extend the life span of energy storage devices. In this study, the Faradaic diffusion-limited and Faradaic diffusion non-limited electrochemical behavior of two PN junction semiconductors, CZTSe@CdS and CZTSe@ZnSe, were investigated using the microcapillary electrochemical method. Despite the promise of these materials, the complex relationship between heterostructure band theory and design strategies remains underexplored. The two PN junction semiconductors, were constructed using a straightforward electrodeposition method. Comprehensive characterization and first-principles calculations revealed that charge redistribution in the space charge region significantly enhances Faradaic activity and improves semiconductor conductivity. These improvements resulted in power densities of approximately 1.34 kW·cm−2 and energy densities of 54.84 Wh·cm−2. This research highlights the crucial role of semiconductor theory in heterostructure design and demonstrates the potential of Faradaic PN junction composite materials for pseudocapacitive energy storage applications.
{"title":"Exploring a novel Cu2ZnSnSe4-based metal chalcogenide heterostructure for energy storage application","authors":"Amira Ben Hjal , Arshad Yazdanpanah , Elena Colusso , Noah Tormena , Dario De Nicola , Paolo Dolcet , Nicola Trivellin , Khaled Alouani , Manuele Dabalà , Katya Brunelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterostructure materials based on transition metal chalcogenides are gaining significant attention due to their unique interfaces, robust structures, and synergistic effects, which have the potential to enhance energy production and extend the life span of energy storage devices. In this study, the Faradaic diffusion-limited and Faradaic diffusion non-limited electrochemical behavior of two PN junction semiconductors, CZTSe@CdS and CZTSe@ZnSe, were investigated using the microcapillary electrochemical method. Despite the promise of these materials, the complex relationship between heterostructure band theory and design strategies remains underexplored. The two PN junction semiconductors, were constructed using a straightforward electrodeposition method. Comprehensive characterization and first-principles calculations revealed that charge redistribution in the space charge region significantly enhances Faradaic activity and improves semiconductor conductivity. These improvements resulted in power densities of approximately 1.34 kW·cm<sup>−2</sup> and energy densities of 54.84 Wh·cm<sup>−2</sup>. This research highlights the crucial role of semiconductor theory in heterostructure design and demonstrates the potential of Faradaic PN junction composite materials for pseudocapacitive energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1023 ","pages":"Article 180021"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180181
Yukun Zhang , Xiongchao Lin , Ning Wang , Zhe He , Caihong Wang , Shu Zhang , Yonggang Wang
Quinoline-based pitch was synthesized through the induction polymerization of quinoline with Cl-containing aromatic hydrocarbons. Subsequently, intermediate quinoline-based mesophase pitch with varying anisotropic degrees and structures was produced through liquid-phase carbonization. Such quinoline-based mesophase pitch was further prepared as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries after further high temperature treatment. The microstructure and microcrystalline size variation with different anisotropic content, as well as their impact on electrochemical performance were systematically examined. The results indicate that quinoline pitch can effectively form a large molecule mesophase streamlined structure, and the long-range ordered structure formed after carbonization exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, with a stable capacity of 365.4 mAh/g at a current density of 0.5 C. Nitrogen can introduce certain defects in the long-range ordered structure, enhancing the diffusion rate of Li+ in the material. Additionally, this work provides a new method for enhancing electrochemical performance by adjusting the texture orientation through quinoline-based pitch liquid-phase carbonization process, as well as a feasible strategy for improving material electrochemical performance through in-situ nitrogen doping by quinoline.
喹啉基沥青是通过喹啉与含 Cl 芳烃的诱导聚合反应合成的。随后，通过液相碳化生成了具有不同各向异性程度和结构的中间喹啉基介相沥青。经过进一步高温处理后，这种喹啉基介相沥青被进一步制备成锂离子电池的负极材料。系统研究了不同各向异性含量下的微观结构和微晶尺寸变化，以及它们对电化学性能的影响。结果表明，喹啉沥青能有效形成大分子介相流线型结构，碳化后形成的长程有序结构具有优异的电化学性能，在 0.5 C 的电流密度下，容量稳定在 365.4 mAh/g。此外，这项研究还提供了一种通过基于喹啉的沥青液相碳化工艺调整纹理取向来提高电化学性能的新方法，以及通过喹啉原位掺氮来提高材料电化学性能的可行策略。
{"title":"Study on the microcrystalline structure variation of quinoline-based mesophase and its lithium storage mechanism","authors":"Yukun Zhang , Xiongchao Lin , Ning Wang , Zhe He , Caihong Wang , Shu Zhang , Yonggang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quinoline-based pitch was synthesized through the induction polymerization of quinoline with Cl-containing aromatic hydrocarbons. Subsequently, intermediate quinoline-based mesophase pitch with varying anisotropic degrees and structures was produced through liquid-phase carbonization. Such quinoline-based mesophase pitch was further prepared as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries after further high temperature treatment. The microstructure and microcrystalline size variation with different anisotropic content, as well as their impact on electrochemical performance were systematically examined. The results indicate that quinoline pitch can effectively form a large molecule mesophase streamlined structure, and the long-range ordered structure formed after carbonization exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, with a stable capacity of 365.4 mAh/g at a current density of 0.5 C. Nitrogen can introduce certain defects in the long-range ordered structure, enhancing the diffusion rate of Li<sup>+</sup> in the material. Additionally, this work provides a new method for enhancing electrochemical performance by adjusting the texture orientation through quinoline-based pitch liquid-phase carbonization process, as well as a feasible strategy for improving material electrochemical performance through in-situ nitrogen doping by quinoline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"1023 ","pages":"Article 180181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180165
Xiting Tao, Chunyan Zhang, Zhiming Yang, Chao Yao, Xiazhang Li
The conversion of carbon dioxide and water into fuels through artificial photosynthesis is of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality. However, this reaction faces great challenge due to the sluggish kinetics. Herein, high-entropy spinel (NiFeMnCoCu)3O4 nanoparticles supported on palygorskite (Pal) were synthesized using a facile sol-gel method, and the composite was employed for photocatalytic CO2 reduction coupled with biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation. The hydrochloric acid-modified Pal (H-Pal) facilitated the generation of high concentrations of oxygen vacancies in (NiFeMnCoCu)3O4, inducing a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, expanding the light absorption range to the near-infrared region and releasing high-energy hot electrons, thereby enhancing the photocatalyst's photothermal conversion capability. The HMF oxidation along with dehydrogenation addressed the issue of slow kinetics while harnessing the potential of biomass resources. Moreover, the high concentration of oxygen vacancies significantly improved the separation efficiency of charge carriers, favoring the enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction and HMF oxidation ability of the (NiFeMnCoCu)3O4/H-Pal composite. Current study provides a novel strategy for the conversion of CO2 and the high-value utilization of biomass.
{"title":"Construction of high-entropy spinel/palygorskite nanocomposite for photocatalytic CO2 reduction coupled with biomass conversion","authors":"Xiting Tao, Chunyan Zhang, Zhiming Yang, Chao Yao, Xiazhang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180165","url":null,"abstract":"The conversion of carbon dioxide and water into fuels through artificial photosynthesis is of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality. However, this reaction faces great challenge due to the sluggish kinetics. Herein, high-entropy spinel (NiFeMnCoCu)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles supported on palygorskite (Pal) were synthesized using a facile sol-gel method, and the composite was employed for photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction coupled with biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation. The hydrochloric acid-modified Pal (H-Pal) facilitated the generation of high concentrations of oxygen vacancies in (NiFeMnCoCu)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, inducing a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, expanding the light absorption range to the near-infrared region and releasing high-energy hot electrons, thereby enhancing the photocatalyst's photothermal conversion capability. The HMF oxidation along with dehydrogenation addressed the issue of slow kinetics while harnessing the potential of biomass resources. Moreover, the high concentration of oxygen vacancies significantly improved the separation efficiency of charge carriers, favoring the enhanced photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction and HMF oxidation ability of the (NiFeMnCoCu)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/H-Pal composite. Current study provides a novel strategy for the conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> and the high-value utilization of biomass.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180185
Annu Sharma, Harsh Satiya, Nandhini J. Usharani, Subrato Biswas, S.S. Bhattacharya
Phase-pure medium and high entropy (ABO3) perovskites with multiple cations at site A and Ti at site B – (CaLaNaSr)TiO3, (CaNaNdSr)TiO3, (CaNaPrSr)TiO3, (CaLaNaPbSr)TiO3, (CaNaNdPbSr)TiO3 and [CaNaPbSr(LaNdPr)]TiO3 – were synthesised by a reverse co-precipitation process followed by a suitable calcination step. The calcination temperature was determined by studying the phase evolution, formation, and transformation so that a phase-pure tetragonal perovskite structure could be attained in all six systems studied. Electron microscopy revealed the particles to be highly crystalline and nano sized. The various vibrational modes and tetragonality in the lattice as well as defect states were studied using Raman spectroscopy. The band gaps of the phase-pure systems were determined using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The indirect band gaps of the six synthesised systems were found to be in the range of 2.51 – 3.07 eV, while the direct band gaps were in the range of 2.97 – 3.37 eV, which were less than those of the individual titanates and oxides due to the formation of defect states. The systems containing Pb showed the lowest band gap when compared to other systems. Broadband spectroscopy was used to determine the dielectric properties of the synthesised systems. The systems containing Pb showed higher dielectric constant values owing to their high tetragonality. The synthesised materials pose potential for photocatalytic applications due to their reduced band gap values.
{"title":"High-Entropy Titanate Perovskites: Nanoarchitectonics and Structure-Property Investigations","authors":"Annu Sharma, Harsh Satiya, Nandhini J. Usharani, Subrato Biswas, S.S. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180185","url":null,"abstract":"Phase-pure medium and high entropy (ABO<sub>3</sub>) perovskites with multiple cations at site A and Ti at site B – (CaLaNaSr)TiO<sub>3</sub>, (CaNaNdSr)TiO<sub>3</sub>, (CaNaPrSr)TiO<sub>3</sub>, (CaLaNaPbSr)TiO<sub>3</sub>, (CaNaNdPbSr)TiO<sub>3</sub> and [CaNaPbSr(LaNdPr)]TiO<sub>3</sub> – were synthesised by a reverse co-precipitation process followed by a suitable calcination step. The calcination temperature was determined by studying the phase evolution, formation, and transformation so that a phase-pure tetragonal perovskite structure could be attained in all six systems studied. Electron microscopy revealed the particles to be highly crystalline and nano sized. The various vibrational modes and tetragonality in the lattice as well as defect states were studied using Raman spectroscopy. The band gaps of the phase-pure systems were determined using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The indirect band gaps of the six synthesised systems were found to be in the range of 2.51 – 3.07<!-- --> <!-- -->eV, while the direct band gaps were in the range of 2.97 – 3.37<!-- --> <!-- -->eV, which were less than those of the individual titanates and oxides due to the formation of defect states. The systems containing Pb showed the lowest band gap when compared to other systems. Broadband spectroscopy was used to determine the dielectric properties of the synthesised systems. The systems containing Pb showed higher dielectric constant values owing to their high tetragonality. The synthesised materials pose potential for photocatalytic applications due to their reduced band gap values.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"235 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and elevated-temperature work-hardening behavior of Mg-Y-Sn alloys with various Y contents were investigated. The results demonstrated that the dynamic crystallization behaviors of Mg-6Y-0.5Sn alloy was dominated by continuous DRX, accompanied by discontinuous DRX during hot extrusion. This mechanism contributed to a small proportion of DRXed grains (59%) and increased coarse unDRXed grains, compared to Mg-2Y-0.5Sn and Mg-5Y-0.5Sn alloys. Correspondingly, the initial work hardening rate of Mg-6Y-0.5Sn alloy was improved by the raised unDRXed grains component with high-density residual dislocations, contributing to strengthening. At 300 °C, high residual strain provided the driving force and weakened texture promoted slip for subsequent DRX occurrence with dislocation annihilation, leading to a decreased 10% work hardening rate and obvious dynamic softening in Mg-6Y-0.5Sn alloy. The findings are helpful to provide guidance for the development of heat-resistant Mg alloys.
{"title":"The dynamic recrystallization and elevated-temperature work hardening behavior of Mg-Y-Sn alloys","authors":"Tianchun Wei, Xiaoying Qian, Kexin Sun, Shiwei Xu, Rongjian Pan, Junwei Miao, Ying Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180097","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and elevated-temperature work-hardening behavior of Mg-Y-Sn alloys with various Y contents were investigated. The results demonstrated that the dynamic crystallization behaviors of Mg-6Y-0.5Sn alloy was dominated by continuous DRX, accompanied by discontinuous DRX during hot extrusion. This mechanism contributed to a small proportion of DRXed grains (59%) and increased coarse unDRXed grains, compared to Mg-2Y-0.5Sn and Mg-5Y-0.5Sn alloys. Correspondingly, the initial work hardening rate of Mg-6Y-0.5Sn alloy was improved by the raised unDRXed grains component with high-density residual dislocations, contributing to strengthening. At 300 °C, high residual strain provided the driving force and weakened texture promoted slip for subsequent DRX occurrence with dislocation annihilation, leading to a decreased 10% work hardening rate and obvious dynamic softening in Mg-6Y-0.5Sn alloy. The findings are helpful to provide guidance for the development of heat-resistant Mg alloys.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a warm ultrasonic shot peening (WUSP) strengthening technique for the β-phase Mg-Li alloy. The impacts of ultrasonic shot peening (USP) and WUSP on the surface microstructure and microhardness of the β-phase Mg-Li alloy were investigated and contrasted through the utilization of X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and microhardness testing.The experimental results demonstrated that, in the USP treatment, when the peening duration was set at 320 seconds, the grains were refined to approximately 91.6 nm, and the surface hardness reached 129.37 HV, which was 104.37% higher than that of the original sample. After the WUSP treatment, when the temperature was maintained at 100 °C, the grains were refined to around 10.65 nm, with an amorphization degree of 6.35%. Meanwhile, the surface hardness attained 154.41 HV, which was 19.35% higher than that at room temperature and 143.93% of the original sample's hardness.Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the surface grain nanocrystallization and partial amorphization of the β-phase Mg-Li alloy during USP and WUSP was explored, and the influence of temperature on the microstructure evolution mechanism of the β-phase Mg-Li alloy surface was analyzed. It was found that when the temperature is 100 °C or below, the “Temperature's Refinement Effect” prevails, whereas when the temperature is 150 °C or above, the “Temperature's Coarsening Effect” dominates.
{"title":"Enhancement of surface hardening of β phase Mg-Li alloy through nanocrystallization and amorphization by warm ultrasonic shot peening","authors":"Lihua Zhu, Liwei Wang, Meng Zhao, Zhengfei Guo, Guangming Zhu, Zongshen Wang, Jun Lin, Yanjin Guan, Yongling Wu, Hongyu Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180127","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a warm ultrasonic shot peening (WUSP) strengthening technique for the β-phase Mg-Li alloy. The impacts of ultrasonic shot peening (USP) and WUSP on the surface microstructure and microhardness of the β-phase Mg-Li alloy were investigated and contrasted through the utilization of X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and microhardness testing.The experimental results demonstrated that, in the USP treatment, when the peening duration was set at 320<!-- --> <!-- -->seconds, the grains were refined to approximately 91.6<!-- --> <!-- -->nm, and the surface hardness reached 129.37 HV, which was 104.37% higher than that of the original sample. After the WUSP treatment, when the temperature was maintained at 100 °C, the grains were refined to around 10.65<!-- --> <!-- -->nm, with an amorphization degree of 6.35%. Meanwhile, the surface hardness attained 154.41 HV, which was 19.35% higher than that at room temperature and 143.93% of the original sample's hardness.Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the surface grain nanocrystallization and partial amorphization of the β-phase Mg-Li alloy during USP and WUSP was explored, and the influence of temperature on the microstructure evolution mechanism of the β-phase Mg-Li alloy surface was analyzed. It was found that when the temperature is 100 °C or below, the “Temperature's Refinement Effect” prevails, whereas when the temperature is 150 °C or above, the “Temperature's Coarsening Effect” dominates.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180053
Yang Liu, Haohao Sun, Li Haitao, Rui Fang, Chunxia Zhao, Yuli Xiong, Wen Chen
It is well established that low-dimensional nanostructures are suitable for accelerated electrochromic redox kinetics. Prussian blue (PB), a typical electrochromic material, exhibits remarkable electrochemical activity. However, existing template-based methods for fabricating PB nanoarrays is often complex and displays unsatisfactory optical modulation. In this study, PB nanorod arrays are successfully in situ grown on ITO substrate from a simple template-free approach. The resulting PB nanorod arrays exhibit enough voids between nanorods, which shorten the ion/charge transport rout and enable the utilization of active sites in the base of the films, resulting in an exceptional electrochromic performance. The optimized PB nanoarrays (FeHCF-2) demonstrates the highest optical modulation (ΔT = 87.45%) to date, fast switching speeds (tb/tc = 3.7/4.0 s), high coloration efficiency (CE = 138.8 cm²·C⁻¹), excellent cycling stability (80% capacity retention after 2000 cycles) and outstanding multicolor electrochromic performance. Moreover, the electrochromic device based on this film also exhibits excellent electrochromic performance with an ultra-high optical modulation (ΔT = 83.9%). This work presents a promising and feasible approach for producing high-performance electrochromic materials with exceptional optical modulation, suitable for a wide range of practical applications.
{"title":"In situ growth of Prussian blue nanoarrays for electrochromic material with ultra-high optical modulation","authors":"Yang Liu, Haohao Sun, Li Haitao, Rui Fang, Chunxia Zhao, Yuli Xiong, Wen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180053","url":null,"abstract":"It is well established that low-dimensional nanostructures are suitable for accelerated electrochromic redox kinetics. Prussian blue (PB), a typical electrochromic material, exhibits remarkable electrochemical activity. However, existing template-based methods for fabricating PB nanoarrays is often complex and displays unsatisfactory optical modulation. In this study, PB nanorod arrays are successfully in situ grown on ITO substrate from a simple template-free approach. The resulting PB nanorod arrays exhibit enough voids between nanorods, which shorten the ion/charge transport rout and enable the utilization of active sites in the base of the films, resulting in an exceptional electrochromic performance. The optimized PB nanoarrays (FeHCF-2) demonstrates the highest optical modulation (ΔT = 87.45%) to date, fast switching speeds (t<sub>b</sub>/t<sub>c</sub> = 3.7/4.0<!-- --> <!-- -->s), high coloration efficiency (CE = 138.8<!-- --> <!-- -->cm²·C⁻¹), excellent cycling stability (80% capacity retention after 2000 cycles) and outstanding multicolor electrochromic performance. Moreover, the electrochromic device based on this film also exhibits excellent electrochromic performance with an ultra-high optical modulation (ΔT = 83.9%). This work presents a promising and feasible approach for producing high-performance electrochromic materials with exceptional optical modulation, suitable for a wide range of practical applications.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Controllable hydrogen generation rate of Al-Ga-based on-site hydrogen supply materials significantly impacts their practical application. In many scenarios, the hydrolysis reaction occurs at elevated temperatures, which is a factor often overlooked in its effect on reaction kinetics. This study investigates the relationship between grain size and reaction rate in Al-Ga-based alloys for hydrogen generation, specifically examining temperature influences. We synthesized a series of Al-Ga-based alloys with antimony (Sb) as a refining agent, systematically varying the Sb content to modulate grain size. The hydrogen production rates were measured across various temperatures. Our results indicate that Sb effectively refines Al alloys, significantly affecting the Al-H2O reaction rate by altering selective growth orientation and grain size. The most pronounced refinement is at 0.1 wt.% Sb, yielding the smallest grain size and highest hydrogen production rate, making it suitable for substantial hydrogen generation applications. Further investigations reveal a non-linear relationship between Sb's effect on grain size and the reaction rate. At elevated temperatures, the fragmentation of the Al alloy intensifies, amplifying the impact of grain size on the hydrogen generation rate. In contrast, this regulatory mechanism is diminished at lower temperatures. We also validated this relationship with previously reported Al-Ga-based hydrogen-producing alloys. These findings offer valuable insights, suggesting that strategic grain size modifications can effectively enhance hydrogen generation rates at elevated temperatures.
{"title":"Effect of Temperature on the interaction rules between grain size and reaction rate of Al-Ga-based alloys for hydrogen generation","authors":"Xinyu Yang, Jie Shi, Zhijiang Jin, Hongyan Qu, Mingzhu Guo, Hongchao Wang, Maosheng Xia, Zhongyuan Zhang, Qian Gao, Xiaoli Sun, Yifan Li, Guang Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180182","url":null,"abstract":"Controllable hydrogen generation rate of Al-Ga-based on-site hydrogen supply materials significantly impacts their practical application. In many scenarios, the hydrolysis reaction occurs at elevated temperatures, which is a factor often overlooked in its effect on reaction kinetics. This study investigates the relationship between grain size and reaction rate in Al-Ga-based alloys for hydrogen generation, specifically examining temperature influences. We synthesized a series of Al-Ga-based alloys with antimony (Sb) as a refining agent, systematically varying the Sb content to modulate grain size. The hydrogen production rates were measured across various temperatures. Our results indicate that Sb effectively refines Al alloys, significantly affecting the Al-H<sub>2</sub>O reaction rate by altering selective growth orientation and grain size. The most pronounced refinement is at 0.1<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.% Sb, yielding the smallest grain size and highest hydrogen production rate, making it suitable for substantial hydrogen generation applications. Further investigations reveal a non-linear relationship between Sb's effect on grain size and the reaction rate. At elevated temperatures, the fragmentation of the Al alloy intensifies, amplifying the impact of grain size on the hydrogen generation rate. In contrast, this regulatory mechanism is diminished at lower temperatures. We also validated this relationship with previously reported Al-Ga-based hydrogen-producing alloys. These findings offer valuable insights, suggesting that strategic grain size modifications can effectively enhance hydrogen generation rates at elevated temperatures.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180171
Hosung Cheon, Han-Ki Kim
We prepared homogeneously mixed APC-PTFE composite films with a sheet resistance of 0.97 Ohm/sq at room temperature by co-sputtering AgPdCu (APC) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) targets simultaneously. Oxygen ion beam treatment (IBT) significantly enhanced the adhesion and mechanical flexibility of the APC-PTFE composite electrode by improving its surface morphology, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analysis. The APC-PTFE composite electrode exhibited minimal resistance changes of 0.44%, 1.79%, and 1.88% under repeated bending, folding, and rolling tests, respectively. Furthermore, the optimized APC-PTFE composite electrodes showed a much lower resistance change than the bare APC electrodes during stretching, demonstrating superior stretchability. Using the optimized APC-PTFE composite electrode, we fabricated wearable strain sensors for wireless motion sensing. These sensors exhibited an extended sensing range and stable performance. The effective motion sensing capabilities of the APC-PTFE-based strain sensor suggest that the APC-PTFE composite electrode prepared using IBT is a promising stretching electrode for wearable and flexible electronics.
{"title":"Ion Beam-Induced Enhancement of Stretchability and Flexibility in Conductive AgPdCu-Polytetrafluoroethylene Composite Electrodes for Wearable Strain Sensors","authors":"Hosung Cheon, Han-Ki Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.180171","url":null,"abstract":"We prepared homogeneously mixed APC-PTFE composite films with a sheet resistance of 0.97 Ohm/sq at room temperature by co-sputtering AgPdCu (APC) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) targets simultaneously. Oxygen ion beam treatment (IBT) significantly enhanced the adhesion and mechanical flexibility of the APC-PTFE composite electrode by improving its surface morphology, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analysis. The APC-PTFE composite electrode exhibited minimal resistance changes of 0.44%, 1.79%, and 1.88% under repeated bending, folding, and rolling tests, respectively. Furthermore, the optimized APC-PTFE composite electrodes showed a much lower resistance change than the bare APC electrodes during stretching, demonstrating superior stretchability. Using the optimized APC-PTFE composite electrode, we fabricated wearable strain sensors for wireless motion sensing. These sensors exhibited an extended sensing range and stable performance. The effective motion sensing capabilities of the APC-PTFE-based strain sensor suggest that the APC-PTFE composite electrode prepared using IBT is a promising stretching electrode for wearable and flexible electronics.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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