Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.206-211
A. K. Ezhkin, I. Galanina, F. A. Romanyuk
The presented work is based on the study of material collected by F.A. Romanyuk in the surroundings of Sarychev Peak active volcano on Matua Island, middle Kurils in 2017. Two families – Physciaceae and Caliciaceae – were sorted out from the collection and studied at first. As a result, seven species of the families were found: two species of the genus Rinodina, two species of the genus Physcia, two species of the genus Buellia and the species Tetramelas chloroleucus. All found species of the studied families were first identified for Matua Island. Matua Island is the northernmost location point in Eurasia for the species Rinodina ascociscana. Buellia badia is a new registered species for the Sakhalin Region.
{"title":"First data on lichens from Matua Island, Far East, Russia. Families Physciaceae and Caliciaceae","authors":"A. K. Ezhkin, I. Galanina, F. A. Romanyuk","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.206-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.206-211","url":null,"abstract":"The presented work is based on the study of material collected by F.A. Romanyuk in the surroundings of Sarychev Peak active volcano on Matua Island, middle Kurils in 2017. Two families – Physciaceae and Caliciaceae – were sorted out from the collection and studied at first. As a result, seven species of the families were found: two species of the genus Rinodina, two species of the genus Physcia, two species of the genus Buellia and the species Tetramelas chloroleucus. All found species of the studied families were first identified for Matua Island. Matua Island is the northernmost location point in Eurasia for the species Rinodina ascociscana. Buellia badia is a new registered species for the Sakhalin Region.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69579009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.1.025-036.037-053
L. Bogomolov, V. Sychev, N. Sycheva
An analysis has been performed of the change in stress drops over time during the period of foreshock activity of strong earthquakes for two seismically active regions with different geodynamic settings: the Northern Tien Shan and the Southern Kuril Islands. The catalogs of earthquake dynamic parameters, DP (source ones in English publications), in these regions, with a number of events, were used as initial data. The DP catalog for the Northern Tien Shan includes 183 records of source parameters of earthquakes with magnitudes of 2.6–6.0, and the catalog for the Southern Kurils – 264 records. The stress drop values throughout a general sampling were analyzed as well as that in foreshock periods of 500 days length before the strongest earthquakes. For each region 12 such meaningful events have been specified, the magnitudes were М > 5 for the Northern Tien Shan, and М ≥ 6.5 for the Southern Kurils. The median average values of stress drops during 500-day period have been determined. The temporal variations of stress drops have been compared with changes in the b-value parameter (angular coefficient of earthquake recurrence plot) in the same observation periods. The computation of b-value for the case of the Northern Tien Shan involved the catalog data of KNET seismological network (1994–2021, more than 10 000 events), and the catalog of International Seismological Center (ISC, 1964–2000) for the Southern Kurils. In both cases, b-values were determined in 500-day moving interval with one day step. The computation gave the result that the well-known effect of b-value growth before strong earthquakes manifested itself explicitly in the considered regions. It has been established that such increase in b-value is accompanied by a decrease in the averaged stress drop values. The obtained results showed that the monitoring of the stress drop values can be used to identify the non stationary stage of the seismic regime.
{"title":"On stress drops in the sources of moderate and weak earthquakes: features of distribution in time","authors":"L. Bogomolov, V. Sychev, N. Sycheva","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.1.025-036.037-053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.1.025-036.037-053","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis has been performed of the change in stress drops over time during the period of foreshock activity of strong earthquakes for two seismically active regions with different geodynamic settings: the Northern Tien Shan and the Southern Kuril Islands. The catalogs of earthquake dynamic parameters, DP (source ones in English publications), in these regions, with a number of events, were used as initial data. The DP catalog for the Northern Tien Shan includes 183 records of source parameters of earthquakes with magnitudes of 2.6–6.0, and the catalog for the Southern Kurils – 264 records. The stress drop values throughout a general sampling were analyzed as well as that in foreshock periods of 500 days length before the strongest earthquakes. For each region 12 such meaningful events have been specified, the magnitudes were М > 5 for the Northern Tien Shan, and М ≥ 6.5 for the Southern Kurils. The median average values of stress drops during 500-day period have been determined. The temporal variations of stress drops have been compared with changes in the b-value parameter (angular coefficient of earthquake recurrence plot) in the same observation periods. The computation of b-value for the case of the Northern Tien Shan involved the catalog data of KNET seismological network (1994–2021, more than 10 000 events), and the catalog of International Seismological Center (ISC, 1964–2000) for the Southern Kurils. In both cases, b-values were determined in 500-day moving interval with one day step. The computation gave the result that the well-known effect of b-value growth before strong earthquakes manifested itself explicitly in the considered regions. It has been established that such increase in b-value is accompanied by a decrease in the averaged stress drop values. The obtained results showed that the monitoring of the stress drop values can be used to identify the non stationary stage of the seismic regime.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69579264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.292-303
T.A. Voronina, V.V. Voronin
The reconstruction of a tsunami source as a solution to the inverse problem in mathematical physics relies on the use of the truncated singular value decomposition method (a variant of the least squares method) for inverting remote records of the tsunami wave. The proposed method allows one to overcome the inevitable instability of the numerical solution. The result of inversion depends on the choice of the observation system, actual bathymetry and data noise level. Within the developed approach, a methodology for choosing key inversion options and an optimal dataset which provide the best accuracy of a tsunami source recovery is discussed. It is based on analyzing the distribution of the specific energy generated by all spatial modes at the locations of the active sensors. The peculiarity of the algorithm is that the use of the most informative data allows one without re-computation of the direct problem to obtain wave amplitudes at the points of interest (let us call them as “fictitious” stations) where there were no observations, but those that were considered in preliminary calculations. Three real-life events, the Chilean Illapel tsunami on September 16, 2015, the tsunami near the Solomon Islands on February 6, 2013, and the Shikotan tsunami on October 5, 1994, are used as examples of the proposed approach. The results obtained allow one hope for using of this approach in practice.
{"title":"Data selection method for restoring a tsunami source form","authors":"T.A. Voronina, V.V. Voronin","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.292-303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.292-303","url":null,"abstract":"The reconstruction of a tsunami source as a solution to the inverse problem in mathematical physics relies on the use of the truncated singular value decomposition method (a variant of the least squares method) for inverting remote records of the tsunami wave. The proposed method allows one to overcome the inevitable instability of the numerical solution. The result of inversion depends on the choice of the observation system, actual bathymetry and data noise level. Within the developed approach, a methodology for choosing key inversion options and an optimal dataset which provide the best accuracy of a tsunami source recovery is discussed. It is based on analyzing the distribution of the specific energy generated by all spatial modes at the locations of the active sensors. The peculiarity of the algorithm is that the use of the most informative data allows one without re-computation of the direct problem to obtain wave amplitudes at the points of interest (let us call them as “fictitious” stations) where there were no observations, but those that were considered in preliminary calculations. Three real-life events, the Chilean Illapel tsunami on September 16, 2015, the tsunami near the Solomon Islands on February 6, 2013, and the Shikotan tsunami on October 5, 1994, are used as examples of the proposed approach. The results obtained allow one hope for using of this approach in practice.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.180-195
P. Velikanov, Y. Artyukhin
Determining the natural and forced oscillations of frame structures simulated by the rods with distributed masses (an infinite number of degrees of freedom) is quite difficult. Therefore, in the article, the frame model is endued with a finite number of degrees of freedom: the mass is placed in a certain number of nodes that elastically interact with rods that have no mass. The rods work only for bending. Longitudinal displacements are not taken into account, since the frequency of longitudinal oscillations is two orders of magnitude higher than the frequency of bending ones. Such a model leads to the construction of expressions of the kinetic and potential energy, which then allows using the Lagrange equations of second kind to obtain a system of differential oscillation equations of the structure. The problem of free oscillations of the G-shaped frame was solved in the article using Green's functions, matrices of stiffness, masses, malleability, etc. The obtained approximate results were compared with little-known exact results and demonstrated good convergence, especially with an increase in the number of degrees of freedom (the number of concentrated masses simulating the distributed mass of the rods of the G-shaped frame).
{"title":"Research on the dynamics of frame structures","authors":"P. Velikanov, Y. Artyukhin","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.180-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.180-195","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the natural and forced oscillations of frame structures simulated by the rods with distributed masses (an infinite number of degrees of freedom) is quite difficult. Therefore, in the article, the frame model is endued with a finite number of degrees of freedom: the mass is placed in a certain number of nodes that elastically interact with rods that have no mass. The rods work only for bending. Longitudinal displacements are not taken into account, since the frequency of longitudinal oscillations is two orders of magnitude higher than the frequency of bending ones. Such a model leads to the construction of expressions of the kinetic and potential energy, which then allows using the Lagrange equations of second kind to obtain a system of differential oscillation equations of the structure. The problem of free oscillations of the G-shaped frame was solved in the article using Green's functions, matrices of stiffness, masses, malleability, etc. The obtained approximate results were compared with little-known exact results and demonstrated good convergence, especially with an increase in the number of degrees of freedom (the number of concentrated masses simulating the distributed mass of the rods of the G-shaped frame).","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.316-330
M.N. Maslova
The article is devoted to the study of the structure of land use in the transboundary basin of the Tumannaya River. The map of land use within the Tumannaya River basin was compiled using remote sensing data. According to the basin approach, the territory was divided into the tributary basins of the first, second and third order using the ArcGIS software suite – a total of 21. The mapping results were analyzed by means of mathematical methods and quantitative techniques. The ecological and economic state of the transboundary basin has been found to have a low level of tension. The ecological and economic state of the floodplain is less balanced, for which low values of the natural protection coefficient have been identified. The minimum value of this coefficient is typical for the DPRK territory. The entropic measure of complexity and its derivatives as well as the Margalef index are more informative among the quantitative indicators. The floodplain parts of the basin within the PRC and the DPRK also have high values for most of the complexity indicators. Unlike the peripheral parts of the basin, they are more susceptible to anthropogenic effect. The Russian territory of the basin is the smallest in terms of the area, with less diversity in types of land use and greater fragmentation
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of the ecological and economic balance and the structure of land use in the basin of the Tumannaya River","authors":"M.N. Maslova","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.316-330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.316-330","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the structure of land use in the transboundary basin of the Tumannaya River. The map of land use within the Tumannaya River basin was compiled using remote sensing data. According to the basin approach, the territory was divided into the tributary basins of the first, second and third order using the ArcGIS software suite – a total of 21. The mapping results were analyzed by means of mathematical methods and quantitative techniques. The ecological and economic state of the transboundary basin has been found to have a low level of tension. The ecological and economic state of the floodplain is less balanced, for which low values of the natural protection coefficient have been identified. The minimum value of this coefficient is typical for the DPRK territory. The entropic measure of complexity and its derivatives as well as the Margalef index are more informative among the quantitative indicators. The floodplain parts of the basin within the PRC and the DPRK also have high values for most of the complexity indicators. Unlike the peripheral parts of the basin, they are more susceptible to anthropogenic effect. The Russian territory of the basin is the smallest in terms of the area, with less diversity in types of land use and greater fragmentation","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.196-205
T. Muzychenko
This work analyzes the indicators of ecological and economic balance within the basin of Peter the Great Gulf. The need for this study is due to the fact, that environmental conditions in the basin are greatly affected by the ongoing process of infrastructural and economic development. The aforementioned processes are characterized by unevenness in their spatial distribution. A map that demonstrates the spatial distribution of 10 land use classes (built-up areas, quarries, rice/paddy fields, agricultural lands, unutilized agricultural lands, unutilized rice/paddy fields, grasslands, shrublands, forests and water bodies) of the area of interest has been compiled using satellite imagery as of 2022. The ecological and economic balance of the basin, which was subdivided into 20 smaller river basins, has been evaluated. Each land use class was assigned to a category representing the intensity of anthropogenic impact. Ecological and economic balance indicators – absolute tension, relative tension, natural protectiveness indices and total area of land with resource-stabilizing properties – were calculated. The balance between the natural potential and economic development was found to be maintained in the study area as a whole, albeit with a few exceptions such as the Pervaya Rechka and Bogataya river basins which host the most intense human impact in the basin. Minimum human influence on the natural potential can be observed in the southwest of the basin (basins of the Bolotnaya, Tesnaya, Tsukanovka, Gladkaya, Ryazanovka, Poyma, Brusya, Narva, Barabashevka, Amba rivers).
{"title":"Ecological and economic balance evaluation of Peter the Great Gulf basin (Sea of Japan)","authors":"T. Muzychenko","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.196-205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.196-205","url":null,"abstract":"This work analyzes the indicators of ecological and economic balance within the basin of Peter the Great Gulf. The need for this study is due to the fact, that environmental conditions in the basin are greatly affected by the ongoing process of infrastructural and economic development. The aforementioned processes are characterized by unevenness in their spatial distribution. A map that demonstrates the spatial distribution of 10 land use classes (built-up areas, quarries, rice/paddy fields, agricultural lands, unutilized agricultural lands, unutilized rice/paddy fields, grasslands, shrublands, forests and water bodies) of the area of interest has been compiled using satellite imagery as of 2022. The ecological and economic balance of the basin, which was subdivided into 20 smaller river basins, has been evaluated. Each land use class was assigned to a category representing the intensity of anthropogenic impact. Ecological and economic balance indicators – absolute tension, relative tension, natural protectiveness indices and total area of land with resource-stabilizing properties – were calculated. The balance between the natural potential and economic development was found to be maintained in the study area as a whole, albeit with a few exceptions such as the Pervaya Rechka and Bogataya river basins which host the most intense human impact in the basin. Minimum human influence on the natural potential can be observed in the southwest of the basin (basins of the Bolotnaya, Tesnaya, Tsukanovka, Gladkaya, Ryazanovka, Poyma, Brusya, Narva, Barabashevka, Amba rivers).","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.1.095-102
Y. Poltev, T. G. Koreneva, V. E. Maryzhikhin, I.V. Syrbu
The content of Fe, As, Cu, Mn, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd in the muscles of some aquatic organism species from the Sea of Okhotsk waters of Northeastern Sakhalin was estimated: walleye pollack (Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814), longhead dab (Limanda proboscidea Gilbert, 1896) and Bering flounder (Hippoglossoides robustus Gill & Townsend, 1897), snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio (O.Fabricius, 1788)). The concentrations of Fe and Cu are reliably higher in the snow crab, in contrast to fish, and Pb concentration is higher in fish relative to the snow crab. There was no difference in the content of trace elements between the flounders and snow crab, and in relation to the walleye pollock, the snow crab has reliably higher concentrations of Fe, Cu, and Hg and lower ones of Pb. The content of Fe is higher in the flounders compared to the walleye pollack. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, As and Hg are safe according to the hygienic requirements for food products and may indirectly indicate a favorable environmental situation in terms of the content of regulated toxic elements in the waters of Northeastern Sakhalin.
{"title":"The content of trace elements in the muscle tissue of some species of aquatic organisms from the Sea of Okhotsk waters of Northeastern Sakhalin","authors":"Y. Poltev, T. G. Koreneva, V. E. Maryzhikhin, I.V. Syrbu","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.1.095-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.1.095-102","url":null,"abstract":"The content of Fe, As, Cu, Mn, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd in the muscles of some aquatic organism species from the Sea of Okhotsk waters of Northeastern Sakhalin was estimated: walleye pollack (Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814), longhead dab (Limanda proboscidea Gilbert, 1896) and Bering flounder (Hippoglossoides robustus Gill & Townsend, 1897), snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio (O.Fabricius, 1788)). The concentrations of Fe and Cu are reliably higher in the snow crab, in contrast to fish, and Pb concentration is higher in fish relative to the snow crab. There was no difference in the content of trace elements between the flounders and snow crab, and in relation to the walleye pollock, the snow crab has reliably higher concentrations of Fe, Cu, and Hg and lower ones of Pb. The content of Fe is higher in the flounders compared to the walleye pollack. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, As and Hg are safe according to the hygienic requirements for food products and may indirectly indicate a favorable environmental situation in terms of the content of regulated toxic elements in the waters of Northeastern Sakhalin.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69579327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.115-131
L. Bogomolov, D. Kostylev, N. V. Kostyleva, S. Gulyakov, I. Dudchenko, P. Kamenev, N. Stovbun
The results of experiments on electrical sounding of the near-surface layer of the Earth's crust in the fault zone, which have involved a recording of seismoacoustic and seismic noise in the close zone near the source (the primary dipole source), are represented. The experiments were carried out in 2021-2022 in the southern part of the Central Sakhalin fault with the use of the generator of electric pulses developed at IMGG FEB RAS, output electric power being up to 3 kW. The aim was to reveal seismoacoustic signatures of the medium reaction to the soundings with current pulses of 5–13 A. The generator provided significantly higher current in the dipole than its typical characteristics in the case of soundings for electrical exploration by resistance methods, as well as in the case of conventional seismic and electrical exploration. At the same time, the range of current amplitudes was much smaller in comparison with the case of a deep sounding based on application of geophysical MHD generators or other extra high-power electric pulses units. Up to now, the inverse seismoelectric effect has remained practically unexplored at currents in the “intermediate” range of ~10 A and scale lengths of the order of few hundreds of meters. The presence or absence of the medium reaction to electrical soundings was distinguished by the records of molecular-electronic sensors developed by R-sensors LLC: the CME-6111 broadband seismometer and the hydrophone, installed at a distance of about 50 m from one of the poles of the electric dipole source. An increase in the average level of seismoacoustic noise during electrical soundings was revealed, which is essentially a variety of the inverse seismoelectric effect of the second kind (excitation of elastic waves during an electric current run in a two-phase medium). Previously, no similar signature of medium reaction to the current pulses was noted in the close zone adjacent to one of the dipole electrodes. The noise level increase occurs almost without delay after the start of electrical soundings, and this is in accordance with the previously obtained results on the responses of seismic acoustic emission to powerful current pulses, which were used for a deep sounding in the Northern Tien Shan.
本文介绍了断裂带地壳近表面层电测深实验的结果，其中包括震源(一次偶极子震源)附近封闭带的地震声和地震噪声的记录。实验于2021年至2022年在库页岛中部断层的南部进行，使用了IMGG FEB RAS开发的电脉冲发生器，输出功率高达3千瓦。目的是揭示介质对5-13 A电流脉冲探测反应的地震声学特征。在电阻法进行电勘探的情况下，以及在常规地震和电勘探的情况下，发电机在偶极子中提供的电流明显高于其典型特征。同时，与应用地球物理MHD发生器或其他超高功率电脉冲装置进行深探相比，电流幅值范围要小得多。到目前为止，在~10 A的“中间”电流范围和几百米的尺度范围内，逆震电效应实际上还没有被探索过。通过R-sensors LLC开发的分子电子传感器(CME-6111宽带地震仪和水听器)的记录，可以区分介质对电探测的反应是否存在。这些传感器安装在距离电偶极源的一个极点约50米的地方。在电测深过程中，地震声噪声的平均水平增加，这实质上是第二类逆震电效应(电流在两相介质中运行时激发弹性波)的变化。在此之前，在偶极电极附近的封闭区域没有发现介质对电流脉冲反应的类似特征。电测深开始后，噪声级几乎没有延迟地增加，这与先前在天山北部深测深中获得的地震声发射对强电流脉冲的响应结果是一致的。
{"title":"Observations of the inverse seismoelectric effect of the second kind during electrical sounding in the Central Sakhalin fault zone","authors":"L. Bogomolov, D. Kostylev, N. V. Kostyleva, S. Gulyakov, I. Dudchenko, P. Kamenev, N. Stovbun","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.115-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.115-131","url":null,"abstract":"The results of experiments on electrical sounding of the near-surface layer of the Earth's crust in the fault zone, which have involved a recording of seismoacoustic and seismic noise in the close zone near the source (the primary dipole source), are represented. The experiments were carried out in 2021-2022 in the southern part of the Central Sakhalin fault with the use of the generator of electric pulses developed at IMGG FEB RAS, output electric power being up to 3 kW. The aim was to reveal seismoacoustic signatures of the medium reaction to the soundings with current pulses of 5–13 A. The generator provided significantly higher current in the dipole than its typical characteristics in the case of soundings for electrical exploration by resistance methods, as well as in the case of conventional seismic and electrical exploration. At the same time, the range of current amplitudes was much smaller in comparison with the case of a deep sounding based on application of geophysical MHD generators or other extra high-power electric pulses units. Up to now, the inverse seismoelectric effect has remained practically unexplored at currents in the “intermediate” range of ~10 A and scale lengths of the order of few hundreds of meters. The presence or absence of the medium reaction to electrical soundings was distinguished by the records of molecular-electronic sensors developed by R-sensors LLC: the CME-6111 broadband seismometer and the hydrophone, installed at a distance of about 50 m from one of the poles of the electric dipole source. An increase in the average level of seismoacoustic noise during electrical soundings was revealed, which is essentially a variety of the inverse seismoelectric effect of the second kind (excitation of elastic waves during an electric current run in a two-phase medium). Previously, no similar signature of medium reaction to the current pulses was noted in the close zone adjacent to one of the dipole electrodes. The noise level increase occurs almost without delay after the start of electrical soundings, and this is in accordance with the previously obtained results on the responses of seismic acoustic emission to powerful current pulses, which were used for a deep sounding in the Northern Tien Shan.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69579355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.160-174
D. Kovalev, P. Kovalev, V. S. Zarochintsev, K. Kirillov
The results of the study of long-wave motions with periods of more than 20 hours on the shelf of the southwest coast of Sakhalin Island using the time series of sea level fluctuations obtained in full-scale experiments with a discreteness of 1 s and a duration of 4 to 6 months are considered. Spectral analysis of the time series of sea level fluctuations for the period range from 8 to 200 hours revealed the presence of long-wave processes with periods from 26.1 to 46.7 hours, which significantly exceed the inertial period of 16.48 hours. Numerical modeling of shelf waves for exponentially convex profiles of the seabed, carried out using the dispersion relation of V.T. Buchwald and J. K. Adams for waves of the continental shelf, showed that the detected wave processes with periods from 31.2 h to 46.7 h are shelf waves. Their amplitudes increase during storms. The possibility of energy transferring from atmospheric disturbances to shelf waves, which contribute to the formation of sea level, is shown, that confirms the earlier made assumption. Using the calculation of the phase difference of the observed shelf waves at a distance of 12.4 km between Nevelsk and Gornazovodsk and determined by means of the theoretical model, it is shown that the second mode of the shelf wave with a frequency of 0.152 cycle/h is close to the theoretical one. It is shown for the wave with a period of 26.1 h recorded in Ilyinsky and Gornozavodsk for the distance between the points of 173.6 km, that this wave cannot be a shelf wave, but it is a Kelvin wave. This is confirmed by the calculated dispersion diagram, according to which the wavelength of about 689 km corresponds well to the phase difference for the distance Ilyinsky – Gornozavodsk. It is found that shelf waves, one of the generation mechanisms of which is the wind tension along the coast, have the different amplitudes in summer and winter, that is due to the seasonal direction of the offshore wind. In summer, the directions of shelf wave propagation and wind are opposite, which weakens the shelf waves.
{"title":"Long waves on the shelf of the southwest coast of Sakhalin","authors":"D. Kovalev, P. Kovalev, V. S. Zarochintsev, K. Kirillov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.160-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.2.160-174","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the study of long-wave motions with periods of more than 20 hours on the shelf of the southwest coast of Sakhalin Island using the time series of sea level fluctuations obtained in full-scale experiments with a discreteness of 1 s and a duration of 4 to 6 months are considered. Spectral analysis of the time series of sea level fluctuations for the period range from 8 to 200 hours revealed the presence of long-wave processes with periods from 26.1 to 46.7 hours, which significantly exceed the inertial period of 16.48 hours. Numerical modeling of shelf waves for exponentially convex profiles of the seabed, carried out using the dispersion relation of V.T. Buchwald and J. K. Adams for waves of the continental shelf, showed that the detected wave processes with periods from 31.2 h to 46.7 h are shelf waves. Their amplitudes increase during storms. The possibility of energy transferring from atmospheric disturbances to shelf waves, which contribute to the formation of sea level, is shown, that confirms the earlier made assumption. Using the calculation of the phase difference of the observed shelf waves at a distance of 12.4 km between Nevelsk and Gornazovodsk and determined by means of the theoretical model, it is shown that the second mode of the shelf wave with a frequency of 0.152 cycle/h is close to the theoretical one. It is shown for the wave with a period of 26.1 h recorded in Ilyinsky and Gornozavodsk for the distance between the points of 173.6 km, that this wave cannot be a shelf wave, but it is a Kelvin wave. This is confirmed by the calculated dispersion diagram, according to which the wavelength of about 689 km corresponds well to the phase difference for the distance Ilyinsky – Gornozavodsk. It is found that shelf waves, one of the generation mechanisms of which is the wind tension along the coast, have the different amplitudes in summer and winter, that is due to the seasonal direction of the offshore wind. In summer, the directions of shelf wave propagation and wind are opposite, which weakens the shelf waves.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69579368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.304-315
P.G. Velikanov, Yu.P. Artyukhin
The design of multi-storey buildings is a natural trend in the development of a modern metropolis. Obtaining exact solutions when studying their own and forced oscillations within the framework of a continuous homogeneous medium model (continuum mechanics) with an infinite number of degrees of freedom is often difficult to implement. Therefore, in the article (as part of the modernization of the finite element method), the model of a multi-storey building is discretized and endowed with a finite number of degrees of freedom placed in the middle of the finite elements at the nodes (the mass of finite elements is also placed there), which elastically interact with the finite elements of the model that do not have mass. It is believed that the elements of a multi-storey building work only for bending, which is fully justified by comparing the frequencies of its bending and longitudinal oscillations. The resolving system of differential equations of oscillations of a multi-storey building, in which expressions for energies (potential, kinetic and Rayleigh) are written in quadratures, is obtained using Lagrange equations of the second kind. In the article, the problems of free oscillations of 3- and 100-storey buildings are solved using Green’s functions, stiffness, mass, compliance matrices, etc. The approximate results obtained in the article, when compared with the little-known approximate results obtained by other methods, as well as exact results (direct and indirect methods of boundary elements), showed a good correspondence.
{"title":"Research on the dynamics of multi-storey buildings","authors":"P.G. Velikanov, Yu.P. Artyukhin","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.304-315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2023.7.3.304-315","url":null,"abstract":"The design of multi-storey buildings is a natural trend in the development of a modern metropolis. Obtaining exact solutions when studying their own and forced oscillations within the framework of a continuous homogeneous medium model (continuum mechanics) with an infinite number of degrees of freedom is often difficult to implement. Therefore, in the article (as part of the modernization of the finite element method), the model of a multi-storey building is discretized and endowed with a finite number of degrees of freedom placed in the middle of the finite elements at the nodes (the mass of finite elements is also placed there), which elastically interact with the finite elements of the model that do not have mass. It is believed that the elements of a multi-storey building work only for bending, which is fully justified by comparing the frequencies of its bending and longitudinal oscillations. The resolving system of differential equations of oscillations of a multi-storey building, in which expressions for energies (potential, kinetic and Rayleigh) are written in quadratures, is obtained using Lagrange equations of the second kind. In the article, the problems of free oscillations of 3- and 100-storey buildings are solved using Green’s functions, stiffness, mass, compliance matrices, etc. The approximate results obtained in the article, when compared with the little-known approximate results obtained by other methods, as well as exact results (direct and indirect methods of boundary elements), showed a good correspondence.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135957709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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