Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.339-345
R. Bulgakov
Interrelation between global sea level changes during Glacial–Interglacial periods and Earth surface deformations is studied using digital simulation methods. During Earth surface deformations, the deformation amplitude is expected to depend on variable thickness of the upper lithospheric layer. 3D modeling allows to take into account thickness variation of the lithospheric layer. In this work, 3D modeling of hydroisostasy under marine transgression similar to Interglacial ones for the Sea of Okhotsk has been made with creating a mesh on the base close to real bathimetry of the Sea of Okhotsk and Moho surface configuration. Simulation has been done by finite element method by Elmer software suite. As a result, relation between Moho surface configuration and Earth surface deformation was found.
{"title":"3D modeling of the hydroisostasy effect with a configuration of Moho surface of the Sea of Okhotsk close to real","authors":"R. Bulgakov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.339-345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.339-345","url":null,"abstract":"Interrelation between global sea level changes during Glacial–Interglacial periods and Earth surface deformations is studied using digital simulation methods. During Earth surface deformations, the deformation amplitude is expected to depend on variable thickness of the upper lithospheric layer. 3D modeling allows to take into account thickness variation of the lithospheric layer. In this work, 3D modeling of hydroisostasy under marine transgression similar to Interglacial ones for the Sea of Okhotsk has been made with creating a mesh on the base close to real bathimetry of the Sea of Okhotsk and Moho surface configuration. Simulation has been done by finite element method by Elmer software suite. As a result, relation between Moho surface configuration and Earth surface deformation was found.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.1.046-054
I. Dudchenko, D. Kostylev, S. Gulyakov, N. Stovbun
This article describes the process and results of the development and testing of a cost-effective, portable, safe to move by air geophysical pulse voltage generator for seismic exploration of the subsurface. The generator is based on high-speed power electronic keys of a new generation consisting of an insulated gate bipolar transistor or a field-effect transistor based on silicon carbide, a compact power converter of alternating voltage from an autonomous generator or electric network to direct voltage using pulse-width modulation and current or voltage stabilization depending on the mode set by a researcher. Field tests were conducted to confirm the suitability of the developed design of the generator and the correctness of the chosen parameters of its elements. To this end, a detailed analysis of the effect of the developed geophysical generator on the parameters of the geoenvironment was carried out.
{"title":"A geophysical pulse voltage generator for seismic and electric exploration of the subsurface","authors":"I. Dudchenko, D. Kostylev, S. Gulyakov, N. Stovbun","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.1.046-054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.1.046-054","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the process and results of the development and testing of a cost-effective, portable, safe to move by air geophysical pulse voltage generator for seismic exploration of the subsurface. The generator is based on high-speed power electronic keys of a new generation consisting of an insulated gate bipolar transistor or a field-effect transistor based on silicon carbide, a compact power converter of alternating voltage from an autonomous generator or electric network to direct voltage using pulse-width modulation and current or voltage stabilization depending on the mode set by a researcher. Field tests were conducted to confirm the suitability of the developed design of the generator and the correctness of the chosen parameters of its elements. To this end, a detailed analysis of the effect of the developed geophysical generator on the parameters of the geoenvironment was carried out.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.361-377
O. Nikitenko, V. Ershov
The paper discusses the directions of hydrogeochemical researches used to solve actual problems of the oil and gas industry: assessment of the oil and gas potential of territories, localization of oil and gas trap, prediction of the phase composition of hydrocarbon fields, control the development process of hydrocarbon fields, etc. Based on the literature data, the analysis and systematization of the main hydrogeochemical indicators of groundwater with oil and gas prospecting significance, as well as used already at the stage of development of oil and gas fields, have been carried out. The most efficiency of the application of hydrogeochemical researches in oilfield practice is achieved with the integrated use of various indicators. On the example of researches of the oil and gas potential of Sakhalin Island, it is shown that the hydrogeochemical data of the middle of the 20th century, obtained by outdated chemical analytical methods, cannot always be considered reliable. In this regard, additional researches are required to update the relevant hydrogeochemical data in this region.
{"title":"Hydrogeochemical indicators for the exploration and development of hydrocarbon fields: review, analysis and prospects for use on Sakhalin Island","authors":"O. Nikitenko, V. Ershov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.361-377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.361-377","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the directions of hydrogeochemical researches used to solve actual problems of the oil and gas industry: assessment of the oil and gas potential of territories, localization of oil and gas trap, prediction of the phase composition of hydrocarbon fields, control the development process of hydrocarbon fields, etc. Based on the literature data, the analysis and systematization of the main hydrogeochemical indicators of groundwater with oil and gas prospecting significance, as well as used already at the stage of development of oil and gas fields, have been carried out. The most efficiency of the application of hydrogeochemical researches in oilfield practice is achieved with the integrated use of various indicators. On the example of researches of the oil and gas potential of Sakhalin Island, it is shown that the hydrogeochemical data of the middle of the 20th century, obtained by outdated chemical analytical methods, cannot always be considered reliable. In this regard, additional researches are required to update the relevant hydrogeochemical data in this region.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.2.179-188
S. Lupakov
Taking into account the unstable moisture regime and the diversity of landscapes within the Amur River basin, the problem of assessing the impact of climatic changes on the processes of surface water cycle in the region becomes multifaceted, associated with the solution of particular problems. This work studied the reaction of a river runoff to changes in the amount of atmospheric precipitation on the basis of the elasticity coefficient. Small and medium-sized river basins (52 in total) belonging to the system of the Middle and Lower Amur are the objects of this study. The data of standard observations at hydrological posts and meteorological points for the summer-autumn flood hazard period (June-September) were used. The data series were selected to include different moisture conditions. It was found that with an increase in precipitation by 1 %, the river runoff in the flood hazard season has increased by 1.02–3.86 % in 48 cases, and decreased in 4 cases. The results of the work are fundamentally close to the regional estimates within the basin of the Amur River on the base of the analysis of factual material (including the near abroad) and simulation results, as well as to the values of the runoff elasticity coefficient obtained in different geographic zones and given in the specialized literature. The relationship between the elasticity coefficient values of runoff with various basin indicators has been studied. For the rivers in the Primorsky Kray (catchment area of the Ussuri River), the relationship between the elasticity coefficient values and the seasonal runoff and precipitation, the runoff coefficient, average height, catchments slopes and average river network slopes has been revealed. The influence of local conditions of runoff formation on the river basins response to changes in the amount of atmospheric precipitation is discussed.
{"title":"Estimation of the runoff elasticity of the rivers in the eastern part of the Amur River basin","authors":"S. Lupakov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.2.179-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.2.179-188","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the unstable moisture regime and the diversity of landscapes within the Amur River basin, the problem of assessing the impact of climatic changes on the processes of surface water cycle in the region becomes multifaceted, associated with the solution of particular problems. This work studied the reaction of a river runoff to changes in the amount of atmospheric precipitation on the basis of the elasticity coefficient. Small and medium-sized river basins (52 in total) belonging to the system of the Middle and Lower Amur are the objects of this study. The data of standard observations at hydrological posts and meteorological points for the summer-autumn flood hazard period (June-September) were used. The data series were selected to include different moisture conditions. It was found that with an increase in precipitation by 1 %, the river runoff in the flood hazard season has increased by 1.02–3.86 % in 48 cases, and decreased in 4 cases. The results of the work are fundamentally close to the regional estimates within the basin of the Amur River on the base of the analysis of factual material (including the near abroad) and simulation results, as well as to the values of the runoff elasticity coefficient obtained in different geographic zones and given in the specialized literature. The relationship between the elasticity coefficient values of runoff with various basin indicators has been studied. For the rivers in the Primorsky Kray (catchment area of the Ussuri River), the relationship between the elasticity coefficient values and the seasonal runoff and precipitation, the runoff coefficient, average height, catchments slopes and average river network slopes has been revealed. The influence of local conditions of runoff formation on the river basins response to changes in the amount of atmospheric precipitation is discussed.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.287-304
N. Razjigaeva, L. Ganzey, T. Grebennikova, T. Kopoteva, M. Klimin, M. Lyashchevskaya, A. Panichev, K. Arslanov, F. Maksimov, A. Petrov
The stages of development of small Solontsovskie (Shanduyskie) Lakes located in the middle mountains of the Central Sikhote-Alin within large landslides, formed on the slopes of the paleovolcano, are identified on the basis of complex study of the sediment section of the Nizhnee Lake. The ecological-taxonomic composition of the diatom flora, the botanical composition of peat have been analyzed, and the tendencies of lacustrine sedimentation depending on the different scale of hydroclimatic changes in the Late Holocene have been established. The age model is based on 6 radiocarbon dates. The temporary resolution for the reconstructions is 30–60 years. A comparison of the development of Nizhnee and Izyubrinye Solontsi Lakes was carried out, the stages of watering and shallowing of lakes were identified on the basis of their dynamics, which made it possible to restore the change in moisture in the middle mountains. Organogenic deposits in lacustrine basins accumulated at high rates (up to 1.7–1.9 mm/ year). The most detailed data were obtained for the last 2.6 thousand cal. yr BP based on the study of the sediment section of the Nizhnee Lake, which responded more sensitively to changing climatic conditions. Frequent changes in diatom assemblages and peat-forming plants indicate unstable hydroclimatic conditions with varying degrees of watering and drainage up to complete overgrowth of water bodies. According to the data of diatom analysis, a successive change in the trophicity of the lake was traced. A frequent change of sphagnum mosses of different sections with different trophic preferences was established. The main reason for the change in the hydrological regime of the lakes was variations in precipitation during the short-term climatic changes. The correlation of the identified paleoclimatic events with global data has been carried out. Cooling periods, as a rule, were accompanied by a decrease in moisture, but the Little Ice Age was wet due to an increase in precipitation.
{"title":"Development of Solontsovskie Lakes as indicator of humidity within Central Sikhote-Alin in the Late Holocene","authors":"N. Razjigaeva, L. Ganzey, T. Grebennikova, T. Kopoteva, M. Klimin, M. Lyashchevskaya, A. Panichev, K. Arslanov, F. Maksimov, A. Petrov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.287-304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.287-304","url":null,"abstract":"The stages of development of small Solontsovskie (Shanduyskie) Lakes located in the middle mountains of the Central Sikhote-Alin within large landslides, formed on the slopes of the paleovolcano, are identified on the basis of complex study of the sediment section of the Nizhnee Lake. The ecological-taxonomic composition of the diatom flora, the botanical composition of peat have been analyzed, and the tendencies of lacustrine sedimentation depending on the different scale of hydroclimatic changes in the Late Holocene have been established. The age model is based on 6 radiocarbon dates. The temporary resolution for the reconstructions is 30–60 years. A comparison of the development of Nizhnee and Izyubrinye Solontsi Lakes was carried out, the stages of watering and shallowing of lakes were identified on the basis of their dynamics, which made it possible to restore the change in moisture in the middle mountains. Organogenic deposits in lacustrine basins accumulated at high rates (up to 1.7–1.9 mm/ year). The most detailed data were obtained for the last 2.6 thousand cal. yr BP based on the study of the sediment section of the Nizhnee Lake, which responded more sensitively to changing climatic conditions. Frequent changes in diatom assemblages and peat-forming plants indicate unstable hydroclimatic conditions with varying degrees of watering and drainage up to complete overgrowth of water bodies. According to the data of diatom analysis, a successive change in the trophicity of the lake was traced. A frequent change of sphagnum mosses of different sections with different trophic preferences was established. The main reason for the change in the hydrological regime of the lakes was variations in precipitation during the short-term climatic changes. The correlation of the identified paleoclimatic events with global data has been carried out. Cooling periods, as a rule, were accompanied by a decrease in moisture, but the Little Ice Age was wet due to an increase in precipitation.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.328-338
D. Kovalev, P. Kovalev, А.S. Borisov, K. Kirillov
This paper describes the results of studying the waves in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk on the sea routes between Sakhalin and Iturup islands by means of autonomous wave recorders. The study was performed in order to improve the safety of the maritime transport system. Analysis of the wave regime and weather conditions in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, has shown that a cyclone of any direction approaching the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, causes sea waves with heights of more than 1.7 meters in the considered water area and nearshore of Iturup Island. However, if a cyclone approaches Sakhalin Island from the northwest direction, the height of wind waves and swell in the coastal area of the southeast of the island is small, and here is an opportunity for ships to take shelter from the storm. The analysis of long waves with tidal harmonic periods of 4 hours and more has shown, that they have almost the same oscillation phase for both islands. The internal waves caused by the local features of bathymetry and relief of the coastal zone for each adjacent water area are analyzed. Surface gravitational waves with a period of about 2.8 hours were detected at Kuibyshevsky and Kurilsky bays, and waves with a period of 2.4 hours were detected near the Okhotskoye village at Sakhalin Island. It is shown that the highest Q-factor in the Kurilsk region has the resonant water area for the periods of 4.5 minutes. It is noted that for these waves the phenomenon of a tyagun (harbour oscillations) can be expected during a storm at sea.
{"title":"Wave characteristics in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk – the area of water transport routes to the southern Kuril Islands","authors":"D. Kovalev, P. Kovalev, А.S. Borisov, K. Kirillov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.328-338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.4.328-338","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the results of studying the waves in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk on the sea routes between Sakhalin and Iturup islands by means of autonomous wave recorders. The study was performed in order to improve the safety of the maritime transport system. Analysis of the wave regime and weather conditions in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, has shown that a cyclone of any direction approaching the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, causes sea waves with heights of more than 1.7 meters in the considered water area and nearshore of Iturup Island. However, if a cyclone approaches Sakhalin Island from the northwest direction, the height of wind waves and swell in the coastal area of the southeast of the island is small, and here is an opportunity for ships to take shelter from the storm. The analysis of long waves with tidal harmonic periods of 4 hours and more has shown, that they have almost the same oscillation phase for both islands. The internal waves caused by the local features of bathymetry and relief of the coastal zone for each adjacent water area are analyzed. Surface gravitational waves with a period of about 2.8 hours were detected at Kuibyshevsky and Kurilsky bays, and waves with a period of 2.4 hours were detected near the Okhotskoye village at Sakhalin Island. It is shown that the highest Q-factor in the Kurilsk region has the resonant water area for the periods of 4.5 minutes. It is noted that for these waves the phenomenon of a tyagun (harbour oscillations) can be expected during a storm at sea.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.1.004-013
V. Bondarenko, V. Rashidov
The Kuril island arc is an important element of the Pacific transition zone, within which such modern geological processes as underwater gas-hydrothermal activity occur. The study of underwater gas-hydrothermal activity, which affects the natural environment and all life activities, has not only fundamental but also a great practical importance. The article provides a review of research studies into the underwater gas-hydrothermal activity of the Kuril island arc. New information on the manifestations of underwater gas-hydrothermal activity within this zone obtained as a result of processing, revision and analysis of materials of complex volcanological shipboard studies at the Volcanolog research vessel (1981–1991) is presented.
{"title":"Underwater gas-hydrothermal activity within the Kuril island arc","authors":"V. Bondarenko, V. Rashidov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.1.004-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.1.004-013","url":null,"abstract":"The Kuril island arc is an important element of the Pacific transition zone, within which such modern geological processes as underwater gas-hydrothermal activity occur. The study of underwater gas-hydrothermal activity, which affects the natural environment and all life activities, has not only fundamental but also a great practical importance. The article provides a review of research studies into the underwater gas-hydrothermal activity of the Kuril island arc. New information on the manifestations of underwater gas-hydrothermal activity within this zone obtained as a result of processing, revision and analysis of materials of complex volcanological shipboard studies at the Volcanolog research vessel (1981–1991) is presented.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.229-239
R. Shakirov, A. L. Venikova, N. Sokolova, A. Obzhirov, O. Veselov, E.V. Maltceva, F.V. Kuziv, V. Leksin
This paper presents the research data on methane distribution in the area of the most noticeable gas discharges in the Deryugin Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk. In the East Deryugin graben, a unique methane seep is known, which spatially coincides with the local authigenic barite-carbonate mineralization. The question of the source nature, which is associated with the methane emission in the studied area, is considered.
{"title":"Peculiarities of anomalous gas-geochemical fields in the East Deryugin graben of the Sea of Okhotsk","authors":"R. Shakirov, A. L. Venikova, N. Sokolova, A. Obzhirov, O. Veselov, E.V. Maltceva, F.V. Kuziv, V. Leksin","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.229-239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.229-239","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the research data on methane distribution in the area of the most noticeable gas discharges in the Deryugin Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk. In the East Deryugin graben, a unique methane seep is known, which spatially coincides with the local authigenic barite-carbonate mineralization. The question of the source nature, which is associated with the methane emission in the studied area, is considered.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.240-247.247-254
G. Mishukova, A. Yatsuk, R. Shakirov
For the first time, methane fluxes at the water-atmosphere interface were calculated for the water area of Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic oceans (for the area about 30,000 miles) on the basis of the expeditionary measurements of methane concentrations in the surface layer of water and subsurface layer of the atmosphere along the entire course of the vessel. Methane fluxes at the water-atmosphere interface were calculated for the water areas of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. In the result of the studies carried out in various regions of the World Ocean, an uneven spatial distribution of methane fluxes from strong absorption to emission of anomalous intensity was observed. The article presents the results of a detailed study for the deepwater area of the Indian Ocean open waters in the northern part of the Ninetyeast Ridge. Both supersaturation and undersaturation of seawater respectively to its concentrations in the atmosphere have been revealed on the basis of the direct measurements of methane concentrations in the ocean surface water layer. The distribution of dissolved methane in the water column of the Indian Ocean has been considered.
{"title":"Distribution of methane fluxes on the water–atmosphere interface in different regions of the World Ocean","authors":"G. Mishukova, A. Yatsuk, R. Shakirov","doi":"10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.240-247.247-254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.3.240-247.247-254","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time, methane fluxes at the water-atmosphere interface were calculated for the water area of Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic oceans (for the area about 30,000 miles) on the basis of the expeditionary measurements of methane concentrations in the surface layer of water and subsurface layer of the atmosphere along the entire course of the vessel. Methane fluxes at the water-atmosphere interface were calculated for the water areas of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. In the result of the studies carried out in various regions of the World Ocean, an uneven spatial distribution of methane fluxes from strong absorption to emission of anomalous intensity was observed. The article presents the results of a detailed study for the deepwater area of the Indian Ocean open waters in the northern part of the Ninetyeast Ridge. Both supersaturation and undersaturation of seawater respectively to its concentrations in the atmosphere have been revealed on the basis of the direct measurements of methane concentrations in the ocean surface water layer. The distribution of dissolved methane in the water column of the Indian Ocean has been considered.","PeriodicalId":34500,"journal":{"name":"Geosistemy perekhodnykh zon","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69578699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30730/gtrz.2021.5.1.014-026
О. В. Веселов, Artem I. Kazakov, O. Veselov, D. Kozlov
The paper presents the results of statistical processing of data on the thickness and size of the tephra fragments of andesidacite composition erupted as a result of a phreatic explosion in the caldera of Golovnin volcano about 1000 years ago. A petrochemical description of the products of volcanic activity of the crustal Golovnin volcano and its evolution process is presented based on geological and geophysical data. The relationship between the thickness of the tephra, the size of its fragments, and the distance to the eruption center was studied using the polynomial regressions of varying degrees and exponential distribution. The adequacy of the constructed models to the initial data is illustrated by determination coefficients. Tephra distribution models were constructed on the basis of a three-dimensional trend analysis. For the first time, a logarithmic model was used to describe the size of tephra fragments. The accuracy of the model used was estimated. A method for estimating the potential dispersion range of tephra fragments of a certain size was obtained. The work demonstrates the potential of mathematical statistics for describing the distribution of products of volcanic eruptions of a certain type. The results of this study are suitable for creating an information database of pyroclastite distribution across the Kuril-Kamchatka volcanic region.
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