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Prevalence and intensity of caries in children 儿童龋齿的患病率和强度
Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-357-2-22-28
M. A. Ahmadzoda
Aim. To evaluate the dental health of children in early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence.Materials and Methods. The prevalence and intensity of caries were assessed in 90 children from different age groups: 20 children from the early childhood group (6 years old), 45 children from the middle childhood group (12 years old), and 25 teenagers (15 years old).Results. In the middle childhood group, the “Decayed” component of the DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) starts to appear, showing a clear increase with age. For instance, in teenagers, it is 4.04 ± 2.08, which is more than twice as high as in middle childhood children. A similar trend is observed with the “Filled” component of the index - while it was only 0.1 ± 0.02 in 6-year-old children, this indicator shows a clear increase with age, amounting to 2.15 ± 0.15 in teenagers. Consequently, in teenagers, the “Filled” component prevails at 2.15 ± 0.15, while the “Decayed” component is 1.57 ± 0.13, which is 1.3 times lower.Conclusion. An age-related prevalence and intensity of caries have been established, with the “Decayed” component of the DMFT index characteristically being identified in middle-aged children, with a tendency to increase. Both mothers and children lack sufficient dental education to prevent dental caries and other dental diseases. The survey showed that about two-thirds (84.6%) of the respondents prefer soft foods. A comprehensive revision of the existing methodology for organizing and conducting educational work among children on caries prevention is required.
的目标。目的:评价儿童早期、中期和青春期的牙齿健康状况。材料与方法。对90名不同年龄组儿童的龋病患病率和龋病强度进行了评估:20名儿童来自幼儿组(6岁),45名儿童来自幼儿中期组(12岁),25名儿童来自青少年(15岁)。在儿童中期组,DMFT指数的“龋坏”成分(龋坏、缺牙、补牙)开始出现,并随着年龄的增长而明显增加。以青少年为例,是4.04±2.08,是中期儿童的两倍多。该指数的“填充”部分也出现了类似的趋势——6岁儿童的“填充”部分仅为0.1±0.02,但该指标随着年龄的增长而明显增加,在青少年中达到2.15±0.15。因此,在青少年中,“填充”成分占2.15±0.15,而“衰减”成分占1.57±0.13,低1.3倍。与年龄相关的龋患病率和强度已经确定,DMFT指数的“龋坏”部分在中年儿童中具有特征性,并且有增加的趋势。母亲和儿童都缺乏足够的牙科教育来预防龋齿和其他牙科疾病。调查显示,约三分之二(84.6%)的受访者更喜欢软食。需要全面修订在儿童中组织和开展预防龋齿教育工作的现有方法。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of the criteria for the volume of surgical interventions in juvenile angiofibroma of the skull base, depending on the results of computed and magnetic resonance tomography 根据计算机和磁共振断层扫描的结果,确定青少年颅底血管纤维瘤手术干预量的标准
Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-357-2-50-58
M. K. Ikromov
Aim. To explore the potential of computed and magnetic resonance tomography in determining the extent of surgical intervention in juvenile angiofibroma of the skull base.Material and Methods. The study is based on an analysis of patients diagnosed with juvenile angiofibroma of the skull base, who were hospitalized in the 1-ENT department of the State Institution NMC RT “Shifobakhsh” from 2015 to 2022. Over this period, 68 male patients were under our supervision.Results. Data analysis from computed and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a sphenoethmoid form of tumor growth in 51.5% of patients. The basilar form was less common (25%), and the pterygomaxillary form of tumor growth occurred in 22% of cases. The tubar form of tumor growth was detected in one case. A significant proportion of patients (61.8%) had angiofibroma stage II, 10.3% had stage I, 19.1% had stage IIIA, and 4.4% of patients had stages IIIB and IV, respectively.Conclusions. Computed and magnetic resonance imaging can be considered the gold standard in the study of patients with suspected juvenile angiofibroma of the skull base. These methods allow clinicians to determine the form of the tumor process depending on the initial site and the disease stage, which are critical criteria for selecting the extent of surgical intervention.
的目标。探讨计算机和磁共振断层扫描在确定青少年颅底血管纤维瘤手术干预程度方面的潜力。材料和方法。该研究基于对2015年至2022年在国家机构NMC RT“Shifobakhsh”1-耳鼻喉科住院的被诊断为颅底青少年血管纤维瘤的患者的分析。在此期间,68名男性患者在我们的监督下。来自计算机和磁共振成像的数据分析显示,51.5%的患者肿瘤生长为蝶窦型。基底癌形式较少见(25%),而翼状腋窝形式的肿瘤生长发生率为22%。1例肿瘤呈管状生长。血管纤维瘤II期患者占显著比例(61.8%),I期患者占10.3%,IIIA期患者占19.1%,IIIB期和IV期患者分别占4.4%。计算机和磁共振成像可以被认为是研究疑似颅底血管瘤患者的金标准。这些方法使临床医生能够根据初始部位和疾病阶段确定肿瘤过程的形式,这是选择手术干预程度的关键标准。
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引用次数: 0
Efficiency of the use of the drug phlebodia in pregnant women with increased veins of hemoroidal nodes (hemorrhoids) 妊娠期静脉曲张增加(痔疮)的用药效果分析
Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-357-2-11-15
R. Y. Alieva, Z. K. Baimatova, D. M. Gulakova, Sh. M. Murodova
Purpose of the study. To evaluate the results of the effectiveness of the use of the drug Phlebodia in pregnant women with hemorrhoids.Object and methods of research. We examined 37 patients who were diagnosed with acute and chronic hemorrhoids, who were in the department of pathology of pregnant women No. 1 of the State Research Institute of AH and P for the period 2000-2021. These patients were consulted by a proctologist. After the discharge of pregnant women from the pathology department, further observation was introduced by a proctologist. Inclusion criteria - the presence of subjective and objective signs of the disease in pregnant women. Treatment with Phlebodia 600 was carried out according to a certain scheme: first, 4 days, 1 tablet 3 times a day with meals, and then 1 tablet 2 times a day.Results of the study and their discussion. The leading symptom of hemorrhoids in pregnant women was pain, which occurred in 81.0%, discomfort (itching) was observed in 43.2%, bleeding from the anus in 32.4%, respectively. When prescribing the drug Flebodia, we achieved positive results. In the course of our study, it was possible in 91.8% of pregnant women with an established diagnosis of hemorrhoids to achieve such positive results as the elimination of such symptoms as the cessation of bleeding, perianal edema, pain and itching.Conclusion. In pregnant women who used the drug Flebodia 600, there was a positive hemodynamics in the clinical symptoms of hemorrhoids.
研究目的:目的评价痔药在妊娠期痔患者中的应用效果。研究对象和方法。我们检查了2000-2021年期间在国家妇产科研究所第一孕妇病理科室诊断为急慢性痔疮的37例患者。这些病人接受了直肠科医生的咨询。孕妇从病理科出院后,由一名直肠科医生介绍进一步观察。纳入标准-孕妇是否存在该病的主观和客观症状。采用Phlebodia 600治疗,按照一定的方案进行治疗:首先,4天,1片,每天3次,随餐服用,然后1片,每天2次。研究结果及讨论。孕妇痔疮的主要症状为疼痛(81.0%)、不适(瘙痒)(43.2%)和肛门出血(32.4%)。在处方Flebodia时,我们取得了积极的效果。在我们的研究过程中,91.8%确诊为痔疮的孕妇有可能获得诸如出血、肛周水肿、疼痛和瘙痒等症状的消除等阳性结果。在使用Flebodia 600药物的孕妇中,痔疮的临床症状有血流动力学阳性。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical and etiological features of hydrocephalus in infants 婴儿脑积水的临床及病因特点
Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-357-2-59-63
D. Kositov, H. J. Rakhmonov, R. Berdiev, U. H. Rakhmonov
Aim. To analyze the causes and clinical course of hydrocephalus in infants and its association with various etiological factors.Materials and Methods. The study involved a retrospective analysis of data from 47 infants who were hospitalized in the Pediatric Neurosurgery Department of the Republican Scientific Center of Neurosurgery named after Shifobakhsh between the years 2020 and 2022. The patients were evaluated using a comprehensive range of diagnostic techniques, including CT, MRI, neuro-ophthalmoscopy, and neurosonography.Results. Among the infants with hydrocephalus, infectious-inflammatory CNS diseases were identified as the primary cause in 23 cases (48.9%), cranial-brain trauma in 12 cases (25.6%), brain tumor processes in 7 cases (14.9%), and congenital factors in 5 cases (10.6%). All 47 (100%) patients presented with generalized cerebral symptoms and exhibited signs of hypertensive-hydrocephalic syndrome.Conclusion. Our findings demonstrate that hydrocephalus in infants most commonly develops following the occurrence of infectious-inflammatory CNS diseases, while congenital causes are relatively less prevalent. The investigation of the clinical features and etiology of hydrocephalus enables the selection of appropriate diagnostic strategies and optimal surgical treatment methods.
的目标。分析小儿脑积水的病因、临床病程及其与各种病因的关系。材料与方法。该研究对2020年至2022年期间在以Shifobakhsh命名的共和党神经外科科学中心儿科神经外科住院的47名婴儿的数据进行了回顾性分析。对患者进行了全面的诊断技术评估,包括CT, MRI,神经眼科检查和神经超声检查。在脑积水患儿中,感染性炎症性中枢神经系统疾病为主要病因23例(48.9%),颅脑外伤12例(25.6%),脑肿瘤病变7例(14.9%),先天性因素5例(10.6%)。47例(100%)患者均表现出全身性脑症状,并表现出高血压-脑积水综合征的体征。我们的研究结果表明,婴儿脑积水最常发生在感染性炎症性中枢神经系统疾病之后,而先天性原因相对较少。通过对脑积水的临床特征和病因的研究,可以选择合适的诊断策略和最佳的手术治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Results of the study of gustatory sensitivity in depending of clinic-biochemical homeostatic parameters of oral cavity 口腔临床生化稳态参数对味觉敏感性的影响研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-357-2-64-69
R. Kurbonova, G. Ashurov, D. T. Makhmudov
Aim. To investigate the state of the gustatory analyzer in dental patients in relation to clinical-biochemical homeostatic parameters of the oral cavity.Material and Methods. We evaluated the functional condition of the gustatory sensitivity organ in 40 patients with common dental diseases (the main group examined) and 40 patients in the control group (with intact dental status), considering the dysfunction of the gustatory analyzer. Drop irritation methods were employed to determine gustatory dysfunction.Results. Our findings suggest that patients in the main group experience disturbances in gustatory sensitivity. These data highlight the cumulative negative impact of local dental factors on the condition of their gustatory analyzer.Conclusion. In dental patients with a high degree of intensity of primary dental diseases and low significance of oral fluid homeostatic potential, there exist impairments in the functional condition of the gustatory analyzer. This is frequently manifested as an increase in the absolute taste threshold.
的目标。目的:探讨口腔患者味觉分析仪状态与口腔临床生化稳态参数的关系。材料和方法。考虑到味觉分析仪的功能障碍,我们对40例常见牙病患者(检查组)和40例牙齿完好的对照组(检查组)的味觉敏感器官功能状况进行了评估。采用滴刺激法测定味觉功能障碍。我们的研究结果表明,主组患者在味觉敏感性方面存在障碍。这些数据突出了局部牙齿因素对其味觉分析仪状况的累积负面影响。口腔原发疾病强度高、口腔体液稳态电位显著性低的患者,其味觉分析仪功能状态存在损伤。这通常表现为绝对味觉阈值的增加。
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引用次数: 0
Organization of complex treatment of the rhinocerebral form of mucormicosis in the post-covid period 新型冠状病毒感染后鼻-脑型黏液菌病的综合治疗组织
Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-357-2-5-11
J. Abdullozoda, G. M. Khojamurаdov, Khizmatullah A. Shamszoda, M. Khamidov, R. Tursunov
Aim: To develop an optimal variant of complex treatment of the rhinocerebral form of mucormycosis in the postCOVID period.Materials and Methods: Treatment data from 48 patients diagnosed with the rhinocerebral form of mucormycosis, sourced from various regions of the Republic of Tajikistan, was scrutinized for this analysis.Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed that patients who had contracted COVID-19 (n=12; 0.9%) and had existing health conditions, experienced the onset of neurovascular insufficiency in the early stages of the post-COVID period, roughly 1-3 months subsequent to the infection. This condition was ostensibly triggered by the direct viral disruption of the blood-brain barrier, hypercoagulation, and ensuing neurovascular complications. It was also noted that these patients had been administered fifth-generation antibiotics and glucocorticosteroids during their treatment.Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the emergence of the rhinocerebral form of mucormycosis in the postCOVID period, especially in patients with concurrent health conditions, could be linked to weakened immunity and immunodeficiency. These are often induced by the prolonged, unregulated use of antibiotics and glucocorticosteroids, consequently leading to an increase in pathogenic and opportunistic fungi. In light of these findings, it is recommended that such patients be admitted to specialized medical institutions for appropriate treatment.
目的:探索新型冠状病毒感染后鼻-脑型毛霉病综合治疗的最佳方案。材料和方法:对来自塔吉克斯坦共和国不同地区的48例被诊断为鼻脑型毛霉病的患者的治疗数据进行了仔细分析。结果与讨论:分析发现,感染COVID-19的患者(n=12;0.9%),并且有现有的健康状况,在感染后大约1-3个月的早期阶段经历了神经血管功能不全。这种情况表面上是由病毒直接破坏血脑屏障、高凝和随后的神经血管并发症引起的。还注意到,这些患者在治疗期间使用了第五代抗生素和糖皮质激素。结论:研究结果表明,在covid后时期出现鼻-脑形式的毛霉病,特别是在同时存在健康状况的患者中,可能与免疫力减弱和免疫缺陷有关。这些通常是由于长期不受管制地使用抗生素和糖皮质激素引起的,从而导致致病性真菌和机会性真菌的增加。根据这些调查结果,建议这些病人到专门的医疗机构接受适当的治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Dyslipidemia and its features in primary biliary cholangitis 原发性胆道胆管炎的血脂异常及其特征
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-119-130
V. Reshetnyak, I. Maev
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of the diagnostic criteria for Behcet’s disease 白塞病诊断标准的特点
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-93-100
S. S. Kholov
{"title":"Characterization of the diagnostic criteria for Behcet’s disease","authors":"S. S. Kholov","doi":"10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-93-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-93-100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345517,"journal":{"name":"Health care of Tajikistan","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127012260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diffuse breast cancer (epidemiology, clinic) 弥漫性乳腺癌(流行病学,临床)
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-113-119
S. Rasulov, J. A. Obidov
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引用次数: 0
Scientific background for programs to combat chronic non-communicable diseases on the basis of benchmarking of administrative-territorial units of Turkmenistan 以土库曼斯坦行政领土单位基准为基础防治慢性非传染性疾病方案的科学背景
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-100-107
M. B. Ergashov, N. A. Muratnazarova
{"title":"Scientific background for programs to combat chronic non-communicable diseases on the basis of benchmarking of administrative-territorial units of Turkmenistan","authors":"M. B. Ergashov, N. A. Muratnazarova","doi":"10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-100-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52888/0514-2515-2023-356-1-100-107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345517,"journal":{"name":"Health care of Tajikistan","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124899216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Health care of Tajikistan
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