Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis最新文献_第9页

Furans-enriched biofuel and NH3-rich gas from catalytic fast pyrolysis of tobacco biomass over metal-organic framework materials catalyst 金属-有机骨架材料催化烟草生物质快速热解富呋喃生物燃料和富nh3气体

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107571

Ning Shao , Siyang Liu , Shuo Song , Shaolin Ge , Xiaolan Zhu

Catalytic pyrolysis offers a viable approach to harness the potential of renewable carbon feedstocks for the production of valuable products like biofuels and chemicals. In this study, three metal-organic framework (MOF) derived catalysts (Zn/MOF, Ce/MOF, and Ca/MOF) were successfully synthesized via modified methods, and their effects on regulating the three-phase distribution of tobacco biomass pyrolysis products were systematically investigated. FTIR analysis showed that all three MOF catalysts promoted the yield of gas phase products and Ce/MOF, Zn/MOF, and Ca/MOF increased the release of NH₃ by 80.6, 194.0, and 90.6 % respectively. The GC-MS analysis of catalytic pyrolysis showed that all three MOF catalysts decreased the yield of nitrogen heterocycles, with the Ce/MOF catalyst exhibiting the highest yields of furans in the liquid phase products. Compared to the control group, the furans content in the tobacco stem pyrolysis products increased by approximately 82 %, with the yield of 5-methylfurfural particularly rising by 240 % under Ce/MOF pyrolysis conditions optimized using response surface methodology. The Ce/MOF derived catalysts presented the favorable synergistic catalysis effect of dual functional acidic sites for the cleavage of the C-O bond to selectively generate furans. This study revealed the potential of metal-based MOF-derived catalysts for the targeted synthesis of oxygen-containing high-value chemicals during the pyrolysis of tobacco biomass.

催化热解为利用可再生碳原料的潜力生产生物燃料和化学品等有价值的产品提供了一种可行的方法。本研究通过改性方法成功合成了Zn/MOF、Ce/MOF和Ca/MOF三种金属有机骨架（MOF）衍生催化剂，并系统研究了它们对烟草生物质热解产物三相分布的调节作用。FTIR分析表明，三种MOF催化剂均能提高气相产物的收率，Ce/MOF、Zn/MOF和Ca/MOF分别使NH3的释放量提高80.6%、194.0和90.6% %。催化热解的GC-MS分析表明，三种MOF催化剂均降低了氮杂环的产率，其中Ce/MOF催化剂在液相产物中呋喃的产率最高。与对照组相比，在响应面法优化的Ce/MOF热解条件下，烟茎热解产物中呋喃的含量提高了约82 %，5-甲基糠醛的收率提高了240 %。Ce/MOF衍生催化剂具有良好的双功能酸位点协同催化作用，可裂解C-O键，选择性生成呋喃。本研究揭示了金属基mof衍生催化剂在烟草生物质热解过程中定向合成含氧高值化学品的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Research on macroscopic gas thermal characteristics and graded early warning method of biomass coupled with low-temperature oxidation of coal 生物质耦合煤低温氧化宏观燃气热特征及分级预警方法研究

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107559

Longkun Sui , Bo Tan , Tianze Li , Zhenrong Li , Liyang Gao , Yunfei Zuo , Jun Zhou , Ye Xue

The co-combustion of biomass and coal is recognized as an efficient and readily scalable approach to reducing carbon dioxide emissions in the coal-fired power sector. However, during storage and transportation, the low-temperature oxidation behavior of both materials may induce spontaneous combustion, posing significant safety hazards. To elucidate the low-temperature oxidation characteristics of biomass coupled with coal and establish a hierarchical early-warning method, this study employs systematic investigations using thermogravimetric analysis, thermal analysis kinetics, and programmed temperature experiments. Results indicate that biomass blending lowers the characteristic temperature of samples and increases mass loss rates. The presence of alkali metal ions significantly reduces the activation energy of oxidation reactions, accelerating coal oxidation. Kinetic analysis reveals that both activation energy and pre-exponential factor increase overall as biomass content decreases, indicating the blending ratio regulates the reaction energy barrier. Programmed temperature experiments further revealed that as the biomass proportion increases, the generation of typical indicator gases such as CO and CO₂ in the low-temperature oxidation process of biomass-coupled coal exhibits exponential growth. The release temperature occurs significantly earlier than that of raw coal, and the release rate intensifies. Based on this, key gas indicators were optimized to establish a three-tiered early warning system, Level I, II, and III, for biomass-coupled coal fuels. This system effectively characterizes the thermal evolution process and risk level of the mixed system.

生物质和煤的混合燃烧被认为是减少燃煤发电部门二氧化碳排放的一种有效和易于扩展的方法。然而，在储存和运输过程中，这两种材料的低温氧化行为可能诱发自燃，构成重大的安全隐患。为了阐明生物质与煤耦合的低温氧化特性，建立分层预警方法，本研究采用热重分析、热分析动力学和程序温度实验等方法进行系统研究。结果表明，生物质混合降低了样品的特征温度，增加了质量损失率。碱金属离子的存在显著降低了氧化反应的活化能，加速了煤的氧化。动力学分析表明，随着生物质含量的降低，活化能和指前因子总体增加，说明掺合比调节了反应能垒。程序温度实验进一步揭示，随着生物质比例的增加，生物质偶联煤低温氧化过程中CO、CO2等典型指示气体的生成量呈指数增长。释放温度明显早于原煤，释放速率加快。在此基础上，对关键气体指标进行优化，建立了生物质耦合煤燃料的一级、二级、三级预警体系。该系统有效表征了混合系统的热演化过程和风险等级。

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引用次数: 0

Insight into the pyrolysis behavior of tar-rich coal via infrared fast heating 红外快速加热研究富焦油煤的热解行为

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107569

Yongming Xin, Qian Zhang, Chen Liu, Yinping Wang, Zeyu Peng, Yu Jia, Wei Huang

Fast pyrolysis has attracted considerable attention for coal conversion owing to its capacity to shorten reaction time and enhance tar yield, while the influence of the reaction conditions on the pyrolysis behavior remains inadequately quantified. Here, an infrared fast heating reactor was employed and the effect of coal mass, final temperature and heating rate on product yield and composition of a typical tar-rich coal was thoroughly studied at a larger experimental scale than commonly used (tens of grams instead of milligrams). The results showed that during fast pyrolysis (heating rate 100 ℃/s), with the increase of sample mass from 10 g to 100 g, the volatiles could not be discharged from the reactor in time, and the intensified polycondensation or insufficient pyrolysis caused the gradually decreasing yields of tar and gas. With the increase of final temperature from 500 ℃ to 800 ℃, more chemical bonds were broken, resulting in the generation of more volatiles, and the tar yield increased to a peak and then decreased, while the gas yield gradually increased. The high temperature increased the secondary cracking and polycondensation reactions, which could also be confirmed by the decrease of the aliphatics and the increase of naphthalenes, anthracene, and PAHs in the tar. Under certain conditions (large sample masses, high final temperatures), fast pyrolysis can produce tar yields comparable to or even lower than those from slow pyrolysis, which challenges the widespread assumption that fast pyrolysis always maximizes tar yield. The investigation of the heating rate further demonstrated that an appropriate heating rate was beneficial for the increase of tar yield. This study concluded that lower sample mass and optimal final temperature were conducive to increasing the tar yield during fast pyrolysis, which was expected to provide valuable insights for fast pyrolysis research.

快速热解因其能够缩短反应时间和提高焦油收率而备受关注，但反应条件对热解行为的影响尚未得到充分的量化。本文采用红外快速加热反应器，在比常用的（几十克而不是毫克）更大的实验规模上，深入研究了煤的质量、最终温度和加热速率对典型富焦油煤的产率和组成的影响。结果表明：在快速热解（升温速率100℃/s）过程中，随着样品质量从10 g增加到100 g，挥发分不能及时排出反应器，缩聚加剧或热解不充分导致焦油和气体的产率逐渐降低。随着终温从500℃升高到800℃，更多的化学键断裂，产生更多的挥发物，焦油收率上升到一个峰值后又下降，气收率逐渐增加。高温增加了焦油的二次裂解和缩聚反应，脂肪族的减少和萘、蒽、多环芳烃的增加也证实了这一点。在一定条件下（样品质量大，最终温度高），快速热解产生的焦油产率可以与慢热解相当甚至更低，这挑战了快速热解总是使焦油产率最大化的普遍假设。加热速率的研究进一步表明，适宜的加热速率有利于提高焦油收率。本研究认为，较低的样品质量和最佳终温度有利于提高快速热解过程中的焦油收率，为快速热解研究提供有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Catalytic subcritical water-gas shift reaction modification of corncob: Mechanistic investigation of hydrogen migration pathways 催化亚临界水气转换反应修饰玉米芯：氢迁移途径的机理研究

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107568

Tiankai Zhang, Qi Wang, Wuxia Zhang, Danping Zheng

The subcritical water-gas shift reaction generates active hydrogen that effectively transforms biomass into a viable industrial binder, achieving a caking index above 90, which is comparable to that of conventional coking coal. Through a multi-technique approach involving Soxhlet extraction, gel permeation chromatography, isotope ratio mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and pyrolysis–gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS), this study identifies the tetrahydrofuran-soluble (TS) fraction as the key component responsible for caking, with core constituents in the molecular weight range of 126–501 Da. The study demonstrates that active hydrogen sequentially migrates from water (H₂O) to the TS fraction and finally to the THF-insoluble (TI) fraction. Within the TS fraction, this hydrogen is preferentially incorporated into specific types, including aromatic (H_ar), furanic (H_F), oxygen-adjacent (H_O), and aliphatic (H_α and H_β) hydrogens. Py-GCMS analysis further reveals five dominant structural classes in TS fractions: monocyclic phenols, aliphatics, heterocyclics, non-carbonyl, and carbonyl-containing oxygenates. Mechanistic insights show that monocyclic phenols undergo sequential hydrogenation from aliphatic side chains to phenolic hydroxyl groups. Direct incorporation of active deuterium into alkanes and alkenes is minimal; instead, deuteration predominantly proceeds via the rearrangement of deuterated aliphatic intermediates. Concurrently, active hydrogen facilitates the elimination of oxygen-containing groups via water removal while getting incorporated into adjacent aliphatic chains. This study elucidates the hydrogen transfer mechanisms in biomass conversion and offers a theoretical foundation for efficient utilization of biomass.

亚临界水气转换反应产生活性氢，有效地将生物质转化为可行的工业粘合剂，实现了90以上的结块指数，与传统炼焦煤相当。通过索氏提取、凝胶渗透色谱、同位素质谱、核磁共振谱、热解-气相色谱质谱（Py-GCMS）等多种技术手段，本研究确定了四氢呋喃可溶性（TS）组分是导致结块的关键组分，其核心组分的分子量范围为126-501 Da。研究表明，活性氢依次从水（H₂O）迁移到TS组分，最后迁移到thf不溶性（TI）组分。在TS馏分中，这些氢优先结合成特定类型的氢，包括芳香氢（Har）、呋喃氢（HF）、邻氧氢（HO）和脂肪氢（Hα和Hβ）。Py-GCMS分析进一步揭示了TS馏分的五个主要结构类别：单环酚类、脂肪类、杂环类、非羰基和含羰基氧合物。机理分析表明，单环酚经历了从脂肪侧链到酚羟基的顺序氢化。在烷烃和烯烃中直接掺入活性氘的情况很少；相反，氘化主要是通过氘化脂肪中间体的重排进行的。同时，活性氢通过水的去除促进含氧基团的消除，同时结合到邻近的脂肪链中。本研究阐明了生物质转化过程中氢的传递机理，为生物质的高效利用提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Products characteristics and pyrolysis mechanism of oil shale via sub-critical FeCl₃ solution extraction with glycerol/methanol as hydrogen donor 甘油/甲醇为供氢剂的亚临界FeCl₃溶液萃取油页岩产物特性及热解机理

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107564

Huafei Fu , Sunhua Deng , Huilin Cao , Weidong Tang , Xuanming Zhang , Yonghong Sun , Wei Guo

This study investigated the extraction performance, product characteristics, and pyrolysis mechanism of oil shale treated in a sub-critical FeCl₃ solution containing glycerol or methanol. The extraction process was divided into Stage I, corresponding to initial pyrolysis of immature kerogen, and Stage II, corresponding to subsequent kerogen pyrolysis. Experimental results indicate that glycerol's hydrogen-donating effect diminishes after Stage I, whereas methanol enhances hydrogen-donating effect beyond Stage I, even inducing a third stage of kerogen pyrolysis (Stage III). Addition of glycerol during the initial phase of Stage I resulted in an approximately 90 % increase in shale oil yield, whereas methanol raised the maximum shale oil yield by approximately 30 %. In Stage I, glycerol effectively inhibits Fe³ ⁺ complexation with polar organic compounds, while methanol exhibits this effect mainly in Stages II and III. During the initial pyrolysis of immature kerogen, glycerol promotes the secondary pyrolysis of preasphaltene to generate additional maltenes, which act as solvents to depolymerize residual bitumen and thereby enhance their migration. Both additives facilitate hydrogenation of alkenes to alkanes. In Stage II, glycerol continues to favor the formation of naphthalene and alkylbenzene, whereas methanol markedly accelerates kerogen pyrolysis and promotes alkylbenzene formation, with subsequent Stage III yielding additional naphthalenes. These results provide a reference for optimizing the in-situ exploitation of oil shale via sub-critical water extraction technology.

研究了油页岩在含甘油或甲醇的亚临界FeCl3溶液中萃取性能、产物特性及热解机理。提取过程分为阶段1，对应于未成熟干酪根的初始热解；阶段2，对应于随后的干酪根热解。实验结果表明，甘油的供氢作用在第1阶段后减弱，而甲醇的供氢作用在第1阶段之后增强，甚至引发第三阶段的干酪根热解（第3阶段）。在第一阶段的初始阶段，添加甘油可使页岩油收率提高约90% %，而甲醇可使页岩油收率提高约30% %。在第一阶段，甘油有效抑制Fe³ +与极性有机化合物的络合，而甲醇主要在第二阶段和第三阶段表现出这种作用。在未成熟干酪根初始热解过程中，甘油促进沥青前质二次热解生成额外的麦芽烯，麦芽烯作为溶剂解聚残余沥青，从而增强其迁移。这两种添加剂都能促进烯烃加氢成烷烃。在第二阶段，甘油继续有利于萘和烷基苯的形成，而甲醇显著加速干酪根热解并促进烷基苯的形成，随后的第三阶段产生更多的萘。研究结果可为亚临界水萃取技术优化油页岩原位开采提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and corn stover using self-sourced biochar catalyst for product valorization without heavy metal risk 利用自产生物炭催化剂对污水污泥和玉米秸秆进行协同共热解，实现产品增值，无重金属风险

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107560

Xiaona Lin , Xiaojie Zhuansun , Binbin Tang , Zhen Sun , Hongtao Li , Badr A. Mohamed

The unsustainable management of sewage sludge (SS) poses significant environmental and economic challenges. However, the substantial organic fraction within SS has considerable potential for thermochemical conversion. This study presents a novel strategy that utilizes self-sourced biochar as a catalyst to synergistically enhance the ex-situ upgrading of catalytic co-pyrolysis vapors derived from SS and corn stover (CS) in a mass ratio of 1:1 at 500 °C. The physicochemical properties of biochar, its catalytic performance in reforming co-pyrolysis vapors, and the transformations of heavy metals were comprehensively investigated. The optimal SS-to-CS mass ratio of 2:8 generated nitrogen enriched biochar with enhanced surface area and porosity, which significantly improved the quality of the co-pyrolysis oil. Compared to the non-catalytic process, the phenols content increased significantly from 13.7 % in to 32.1 %, while the acids content decreased from 39.8 % to 22.4 %. The interaction between SS and CS during co-pyrolysis inhibited the formation of nitrogen-containing compounds, and the self-sourced biochar catalyst further reduced their content from a calculated 20.6 % to an experimental 10.0 %. Furthermore, the catalytic co-pyrolysis process stabilized heavy metals through chelation with free radicals, resulting in minimal speciation transformation and low bioaccessibility in the spent biochar catalyst. These findings present a sustainable approach for simultaneous waste valorization and high-value chemicals production, offering dual benefits of resource circularity and risk mitigation.

不可持续的污水污泥管理（SS）带来了重大的环境和经济挑战。然而，SS中的大量有机组分具有相当大的热化学转化潜力。本研究提出了一种新的策略，利用自源生物炭作为催化剂，以1:1的质量比在500°C下协同增强来自SS和玉米秸秆（CS）的催化共热解蒸汽的非原位升级。对生物炭的理化性质、催化共热解蒸汽重整的性能以及重金属的转化进行了全面研究。最佳的ss / cs质量比为2:8时，生成的富氮生物炭表面积和孔隙度均有所增加，显著提高了共热解油的质量。与非催化工艺相比，苯酚含量从13.7 %增加到32.1 %，酸含量从39.8 %下降到22.4 %。在共热解过程中，SS和CS之间的相互作用抑制了含氮化合物的形成，自源生物炭催化剂进一步将含氮化合物的含量从计算值20.6 %降低到实验值10.0 %。此外，催化共热解过程通过与自由基的螯合来稳定重金属，导致废生物炭催化剂的形态转化最小，生物可及性低。这些发现提出了一种同时实现废物增值和高价值化学品生产的可持续方法，提供了资源循环和降低风险的双重效益。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation of aromatic hydrocarbon-rich bio-oils by co-pyrolysis of biomass components and waste plastics catalyzed by metal-modified HZSM-5 金属改性HZSM-5催化生物质组分与废塑料共热解制备富芳烃生物油

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107566

Tanglei Sun , Yandong Xing , Boxuan Ding , Ruisi Wang , Jiajie Li , Kechen Liu , Yongbo Shou , Yang Wang , Xin Li , Xinke Duan , Yantao Yang , Peng Liu , Tingzhou Lei

The modified Al-HZSM-5, Zn-HZSM-5, and Fe-HZSM-5 were used to catalyze the co-pyrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose(MC)、xylan(XY), and alkali lignin (AL) with polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) to explore the reaction mechanism of catalytic co-pyrolysis of biomass components and plastics, as well as the interaction and coupling characteristics of each component during the co-pyrolysis process. Results show that in the co-pyrolysis process of MC with PP and PS, the Al-, Zn-, and Fe-doped HZSM-5 catalysts all can increase the yield of total hydrocarbons (THs) and aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs). In the co-pyrolysis process of XY with PP and PS, Zn/Al-HZSM-5 catalysts are both conducive to the generation of THs and Al-HZSM-5 can increase the yield of AHs. In the co-pyrolysis process of AL and PP, Zn-HZSM-5 can promote the generation of AHs; Al-HZSM-5 can improve the yield of THs and AHs during the co-pyrolysis of AL and PS. Compared with mixed components, a single component is more favorable for the formation of THs and AHs. The coupling of the three biomass components facilitates the generation of alkenes, alkanes, and cycloalkanes, while inhibits the generation of AHs. The distribution of catalytic co-pyrolysis products of biomass does not equate to that of catalytic co-pyrolysis products of three biomass components mechanically mixed according to a certain ratio.

采用改性后的AL - hzsm -5、Zn-HZSM-5和Fe-HZSM-5分别催化微晶纤维素（MC）、木聚糖（XY）和碱木质素（AL）与聚丙烯（PP）和聚苯乙烯（PS）共热解，探讨生物质组分与塑料催化共热解的反应机理，以及各组分在共热解过程中的相互作用和耦合特性。结果表明，在MC与PP和PS共热解过程中，掺杂Al、Zn和fe的HZSM-5催化剂均能提高总烃（THs）和芳香烃（AHs）的收率。在XY与PP和PS共热解过程中，Zn/Al-HZSM-5催化剂均有利于THs的生成，Al-HZSM-5催化剂可提高AHs的产率。在AL和PP共热解过程中，Zn-HZSM-5能促进AHs的生成；AL - hzsm -5能提高AL与PS共热解过程中THs和AHs的产率，与混合组分相比，单一组分更有利于THs和AHs的形成。三种生物质组分的偶联有利于烯烃、烷烃和环烷烃的生成，同时抑制AHs的生成。生物质催化共热解产物的分布并不等同于三种生物质组分按一定比例机械混合的催化共热解产物的分布。

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引用次数: 0

GAN-enhanced prediction and optimization of three-phase products in catalytic pyrolysis of sludge 氮化镓增强污泥催化热解三相产物预测与优化

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107567

Yuhang Sun , Zhiyuan Fu , Xuewen Han , Na Jiang , Jinkai Han , Wei Qi , Nebojša Manić , Qiong Wang , Zhitong Yao , Junwen Pu

Machine learning (ML) is crucial for understanding multi-component catalysts in three-phase product regulation and sludge-to-energy conversion. However, its application faces three main challenges: small sample sizes, data imbalance, and the "black-box" nature of models, limiting accurate predictions and mechanistic insights. This study evaluated multiple ML models for product yield prediction, with XGB (Extreme Gradient Boosting) achieving the best performance (R² = 0.968, RMSE = 1.776, MAE = 2.264). To address small sample and data imbalance issues, a GAN-based data augmentation method expanded the dataset to 2000 samples, maintaining high accuracy (R² = 0.911). SHAP analysis revealed that temperature significantly influenced pyrolysis pathways, with volatile matter (VM) mainly affecting tar and gas formation, and catalyst type playing a key role in product distribution. Finally, a multi-parameter dynamic input prediction platform was developed, with prediction errors within 10 %, expected to provide insights for process control and efficient sludge energy utilization.

机器学习（ML）对于理解三相产物调节和污泥-能量转换中的多组分催化剂至关重要。然而，它的应用面临着三个主要挑战：小样本量，数据不平衡，以及模型的“黑箱”性质，限制了准确的预测和机制见解。本研究评估了多个ML模型对产品收率的预测效果，其中XGB （Extreme Gradient Boosting）模型的预测效果最佳（R²= 0.968,RMSE = 1.776, MAE = 2.264）。为了解决样本小和数据不平衡的问题，基于gan的数据扩充方法将数据集扩展到2000个样本，保持了较高的准确性（R²= 0.911）。SHAP分析表明，温度对热解途径有显著影响，挥发分（VM）主要影响焦油和气体的形成，催化剂类型对产物分布起关键作用。最后，开发了一个多参数动态输入预测平台，预测误差在10 %以内，有望为过程控制和高效污泥能量利用提供见解。

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引用次数: 0

Research progress on biomass-derived heteroatom-doped carbon materials for supercapacitors: Preparation methods, doping mechanism, and performance analysis 超级电容器用生物质杂原子掺杂碳材料的研究进展：制备方法、掺杂机理和性能分析

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107561

Pan Li , Shaoyun Wang , Ruijie Li , Hai Chen , Shiqiang Zhao , Wei Chen , Chun Chang , Shusheng Pang , Junhao Hu

Biomass-derived carbon materials have garnered significant attention in the fields of functional materials and energy storage due to their low cost, readily abundant raw materials, excellent conductivity, and good electrochemical stability. By introducing heteroatoms into carbon materials for modification, their physical and chemical properties can be further optimized. Extensive research findings indicate that the specific capacitance of modified carbon materials can reach 150–500 Fg⁻¹. The modified carbon materials have demonstrated tremendous potential and research value in the field of supercapacitors. This paper reviews the recent research progress on biomass-derived heteroatom-doped carbon materials applied in supercapacitors, primarily analyzes the influencing factors of heteroatom-doped carbon materials; summarizes the heteroatom doping methods and comparing the advantages and limitations of different preparation approaches; it provides a detailed explanation of the mechanism of single and multi-atom doping with metal and non-metal atoms on the microstructure of the material and its supercapacitor performance; finally discusses the current challenges and future prospects of biomass-derived heteroatom-doped carbon in supercapacitor electrodes. The aim is to comprehensively understand the development prospects and limitations of this field, providing new insights for enhancing the added value of biomass carbon materials and achieving high-value utilization of biomass.

生物质衍生碳材料因其成本低、原料丰富、导电性好、电化学稳定性好等优点，在功能材料和储能领域受到广泛关注。通过在碳材料中引入杂原子进行改性，可以进一步优化碳材料的理化性能。大量研究表明，改性碳材料的比电容可以达到150-500 Fg−1。改性碳材料在超级电容器领域显示出巨大的潜力和研究价值。综述了近年来生物质杂原子掺杂碳材料在超级电容器中的应用研究进展，重点分析了杂原子掺杂碳材料的影响因素；综述了杂原子掺杂方法，比较了不同制备方法的优点和局限性；详细阐述了金属和非金属原子单原子和多原子掺杂对材料微观结构和超级电容器性能的影响机理；最后讨论了目前生物质杂原子掺杂碳在超级电容器电极中的挑战和未来前景。旨在全面了解该领域的发展前景和局限性，为提高生物质碳材料的附加值，实现生物质的高价值利用提供新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Research progress in metal-zeolite bifunctional systems for upcycling of waste polyolefins 废聚烯烃升级利用金属-沸石双功能体系的研究进展

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107562

Wei Qiang , Kangzhou Wang , Wenlong Song , Tong Liu , Yongjun Jiang , Weijie Zhang , Chenlong Huang , Xiaowei Li , Jianli Zhang

The large-scale accumulation of polyolefin plastics threatens ecosystems, necessitating efficient recycling technologies to address plastic pollution. Conventional pyrolysis suffers from broad product distribution and high energy consumption, whereas bifunctional metal-zeolite catalysts enable targeted conversion of polyolefins into high-value chemicals via synergistic mechanisms. This review analyzes differences between thermal and catalytic cracking, examines modulation of product selectivity by acid site strength and pore effects, and demonstrates synergistic effects of metal dispersion and acid-metal matching on catalytic performance. Noble metal systems enhance C-C bond cleavage, while non-noble systems achieve efficient conversion under mild conditions. Optimization of zeolite acidity and hierarchical pore design suppresses coke deposition and extends catalyst longevity. Although significant progress has been made in liquid fuel yield and aromatic selectivity, challenges include insufficient selectivity concentration and high industrialization costs. Future efforts should focus on multi-scale catalyst design, integrated with in-situ characterization and computational simulations to unravel dynamic structure-activity relationships, advancing high-activity catalytic systems for low-carbon valorization of polyolefins.

聚烯烃塑料的大规模积累威胁着生态系统，需要有效的回收技术来解决塑料污染问题。传统的热解存在产品分布广、能耗高的问题，而双功能金属-沸石催化剂能够通过协同机制将聚烯烃定向转化为高价值化学品。本文分析了热裂解和催化裂化的区别，考察了酸位点强度和孔效应对产物选择性的调节，并论证了金属分散和酸-金属匹配对催化性能的协同作用。贵金属体系增强了C-C键的解理，而非贵金属体系在温和的条件下实现了有效的转化。优化沸石酸度和分级孔设计，抑制焦炭沉积，延长催化剂寿命。虽然在液体燃料收率和芳香选择性方面取得了重大进展，但存在选择性浓度不足和产业化成本高等问题。未来的工作应该集中在多尺度催化剂的设计上，结合原位表征和计算模拟来揭示动态的构效关系，推进聚烯烃低碳增值的高活性催化体系。

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