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EMOTIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME: A THEORETICAL OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPT AND ITS EMPIRICAL STUDY IN SUBJECTS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN ONLINE LEARNING CONDITIONS 情绪倦怠综合征:概念的理论概述及其在被试在线学习条件下的教育过程的实证研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.26577/jpss.2023.v86.i3.02
M. P. Kabakova
In this paper the results of the study of the emotional state of the subjects of the educational process - schoolchildren, students, teachers and high school teachers in Kazakhstan, in terms of distance and online learning; reveals their positive and negative sides. Online learning is considered as a factor that affects the depletion of emotional, energy and personal resources of teachers and lecturers. In the process of learning occurs not only the development of intellect and acquisition of knowledge, but also the formation of personality, socialization, professional formation of personality. The relevance of the study is determined by the emergence of a number of new difficulties, which the subjects of the educational process now have to cope independently: lack of live contact with classmates, classmates, colleagues; low physical activity, the constant presence at the computer. Practical and scientific significance lies in identifying the impact of distance and online learning on the psychoemotional state of all subjects of the educational process, the development of practical recommendations to improve their psychological and physical health. The study involved 300 people (subjects of the educational process: students in grades 5 to 11, students, teachers and university teachers). To solve the tasks the online questionnaire "Emotional and physical state of pupils, students, teachers and teachers in the conditions of distance learning" was developed. A number of recommendations for the subjects of the educational process were formulated based on the results of the study. Key words: distance and online education; emotional burnout; subjects of the educational process; psycho-emotional state.
本文以远程学习和在线学习为研究对象,研究了哈萨克斯坦小学生、学生、教师和高中教师在教育过程中的情绪状态;揭示他们的积极和消极的一面。在线学习被认为是影响教师和讲师情感、精力和个人资源枯竭的一个因素。在学习过程中不仅发生智力的发展和知识的获取,而且还发生人格的形成、社会化、专业化人格的形成。学习的相关性是由一些新困难的出现决定的,这些新困难是教育过程中的主体现在必须独立应对的:缺乏与同学、同学、同事的生活接触;体力活动少,经常坐在电脑前。实际和科学意义在于确定远程和在线学习对教育过程中所有主体的心理情绪状态的影响,制定切实可行的建议,以改善他们的心理和身体健康。这项研究涉及300人(教育过程的对象:5至11年级的学生、学生、教师和大学教师)。为解决这些问题,编制了“远程教育条件下小学生、学生、教师和教师的情绪和身体状态”在线问卷。根据这项研究的结果,就教育过程的主题提出了若干建议。关键词:远程在线教育;情绪倦怠;教育过程的主体;psycho-emotional状态。
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引用次数: 0
Modern practices of obtaining higher education in Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦高等教育的现代实践
Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.26577/jpss.2020.v72.i1.16
М. Shnarbekova
This article is devoted to the analysis of social practices in the field of higher education, formed in post-Soviet Central Asian countries, with specific references to Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan was sig-nificantly affected by the collapse of the Soviet system: breaking ties with many leading former Soviet universities entailed irreversible processes in changing of the entire infrastructure of higher education in the country. Last decades to take place the process of reduction of middle level edu-cation and closure of vocational colleges. These has caused a sharp transition of school graduates to higher education unit, thereby increasing its demand. New opportunities allow studying as well as undergoing internships abroad, tuition fee free education based on the state grant. But there is a differentiation in access to quality higher education and increase of economic barriers to obtain it for children from lower-income families. These differences in access contributed to the formation of «elite» and «mass» universities in the educational space of Kazakhstan and the concentration of youth from lower-income families in non-prestigious educational institutions with low tuition fee. Thereby there is a risk that such situation can increase influence of social background on labour market outcomes (salary and occupational status). In the article the significance of the economic capital in the market of higher education and the social consequences of the choice of “affordable” vocational education are analyzed. Key words: higher education, access to education, economic barriers, high-income families, lower income families, family resource potential.
本文致力于分析后苏联中亚国家在高等教育领域形成的社会实践,并特别以哈萨克斯坦为例。哈萨克斯坦受到苏联制度崩溃的重大影响:与许多前苏联主要大学断绝关系,导致该国整个高等教育基础设施发生不可逆转的变化。在过去的几十年里,发生了减少中等教育和关闭职业院校的过程。这些都造成了学校毕业生向高等教育单位的急剧转变,从而增加了其需求。新的机会允许在国外学习和实习,在国家资助的基础上免学费教育。但是,在获得高质量高等教育方面存在差异,低收入家庭的孩子获得高等教育的经济障碍也在增加。这些机会上的差异促成了哈萨克斯坦教育领域“精英”大学和“大众”大学的形成,以及低收入家庭的青年集中在学费低的非知名教育机构。因此,这种情况有可能增加社会背景对劳动力市场结果(工资和职业地位)的影响。本文分析了经济资本在高等教育市场中的意义,以及选择“负担得起”的职业教育的社会后果。关键词:高等教育,受教育机会,经济壁垒,高收入家庭,低收入家庭,家庭资源潜力
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引用次数: 0
The comparative analysis of foreign and post-soviet studies on subjective well-being 国外与后苏联时期主观幸福感研究的比较分析
Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.26577/jpss.2020.v72.i1.10
A. Rizulla, F. Tashimova
This paper shed light on the one of the actual problems of modern psychology, subjective wellbeing. This problem is one of the highest priorities for each government and society, which is actively investigated by the science that offers a huge amount of concepts explaining this phenomenon. Taking into account the multiplicity of concepts there is a necessity of systemizing and integrating all these concepts that allows seeing the different perspectives of the studies and drawing a holistic view of subjective wellbeing phenomena. The foreign concepts are represented by M. Seligman’s subjective well-being formula that emphasizes the importance of an intentional activity in pursuing happiness. Another study made by F. Andrews and S. Withey emphasized the significance of personality type. R. Veenhoven offered the significance of positive emotions in subjective well-being. C. Ju and colleagues referred to emotional intelligence as a crucial factor that facilitates subjective well-being. Foreign scientists investigated subjective well-being from the different angles, paying attention to both internal and external factors and components that facilitates subjective well-being. On the contrast to foreign Russian scientists emphasized the importance of internal factors and resources such as resilience, meaning, resources and other. Finally, authors make a conclusion that illustrates the difference between foreign and post-soviet concepts.
本文揭示了现代心理学的一个实际问题——主观幸福感。这个问题是每个政府和社会的最高优先事项之一,科学界对此进行了积极调查,提供了大量解释这一现象的概念。考虑到概念的多样性,有必要对所有这些概念进行系统化和整合,以便看到研究的不同视角,并对主观幸福现象产生整体看法。国外的概念以塞利格曼的主观幸福感公式为代表,该公式强调了有意识的活动在追求幸福中的重要性。F.Andrews和S.Withey的另一项研究强调了人格类型的重要性。R.Veenhoven提出了积极情绪在主观幸福感中的意义。C.Ju及其同事认为情商是促进主观幸福感的关键因素。国外科学家从不同角度研究主观幸福感,关注促进主观幸福感的内外因素和组成部分。与国外相比,俄罗斯科学家强调了内部因素和资源的重要性,如韧性、意义、资源等。最后,作者得出结论,说明外国和后苏联概念之间的区别。
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引用次数: 0
Educational computer games as a tool for qualitative transformation of personality at the level of psychological, pedagogical and social needs 教育性电脑游戏是在心理、教学和社会需求层面实现人格质的转变的工具
Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.26577/jpss.2020.v72.i1.09
М. B. Yelikbayeva, Z. Sadvakassova
The article shows that thanks to computer games, the world has irrevocably “split” into two parts-re-al, existing in reality and virtual, existing in the form of an electronic model of objects and processes. The aim of the work is to analyze the possibilities of using computer games in the educational process, con-tributing to the development of personal qualities of adolescents. An analytical review of the scientific literature has shown that in order to achieve mastery in any field of activity, it is necessary to take part in that activity in the amount of at least 10,000 hours (time required for students in school from 5th to 12th grade). The average gamer at the age of 21 spends the same amount of time in multiplayer online games. It is noted that computer games, despite their socio-cultural institutionalization, still do not have scientific and psychological development. The survey method used in the current study showed the interest of adolescents (73,2 %) and teachers (40 %) in the use of computer games in the classroom. Mathematical planning of pedagogical experiment allowed to find empirical dependence describing influence of investigated factors on final result, in our case on feature of development of personal (on self-assessment of teenagers towards educational game achievements) and communicative qualities (communicative and organizational abilities) of students. The analysis of the generalized equation showed that the program of synthesizing virtual learning with traditional teaching methods has a positive effect on the development of personal and communicative qualities of adolescents, since the level of changed personal qualities in the process of forming research and on the basis of the method of mathematical optimization of the pedagogical process amounted to 9.4 %.
文章表明,多亏了电脑游戏,世界已经不可逆转地“分裂”为现实和虚拟两部分,以物体和过程的电子模型的形式存在。这项工作的目的是分析在教育过程中使用电脑游戏的可能性,以促进青少年个人素质的发展。对科学文献的分析综述表明,为了掌握任何活动领域,有必要参加至少10000小时的活动(5至12年级学生在校所需的时间)。21岁的普通玩家在多人在线游戏中花费的时间相同。值得注意的是,尽管电脑游戏的社会文化制度化,但它仍然没有科学和心理发展。本研究中使用的调查方法显示,青少年(73.2%)和教师(40%)对在课堂上使用电脑游戏感兴趣。教学实验的数学规划允许找到描述所调查因素对最终结果的影响的经验依赖性,在我们的案例中,描述了个人发展特征(青少年对教育游戏成绩的自我评估)和学生的沟通素质(沟通和组织能力)。对广义方程的分析表明,虚拟学习与传统教学方法相结合的方案对青少年个人素质和交际素质的发展有积极作用,自形成研究过程中个人素质水平的变化和基于数学优化方法的教学过程占9.4%。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of psychological training and innovation of the socialization of teachers on constant professional education 心理训练与教师社会化创新对持续专业教育的影响
Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.26577/jpss.2020.v72.i1.17
О. Спатай, М. М. Байбекова, А. Р. Есенкулова, Х. Т. Наубаева, Ш. У. Унгарбаева
The abstract in this article is the current state of education is distinctive in comparison with the past. The impact of psychological training and innovative socialization of teachers on constant professional education, problems that form the way of life are determined by socially and technologically significant changes in the country. The new level of education must conform to its status and must move in ac-cordance with technical and scientific progress. Whereas in the life of the University, the fruit of the constant educational process is one of the most important factors in the educational process and assumes the attitude to each student as a person, focusing on his self-consciousness, creates an environment of his independent activity, on the analysis of its features and shortcomings, differences, makes the search for answers to many questions and innovative relations.At present, the modernization of the education system is begun in Kazakhstan, the systematic response to the change in traditional education is carried out, other (different from the traditional content) content, methods, interaction of the teacher and the student in the educational process are proposed. The reason for these processes is the inability of the modern education system to meet the requirements of the modern information, high-tech world.
本文的摘要是当前的教育状况与过去相比有鲜明的特点。心理训练和教师的创新社会化对持续专业教育的影响,构成生活方式的问题,是由该国社会和技术上的重大变化决定的。新的教育水平必须与其地位相适应,必须与科技进步相适应。而在大学生活中,不断教育过程的成果是教育过程中最重要的因素之一,并以每个学生作为一个人的态度,关注他的自我意识,创造他独立活动的环境,分析其特点与不足、差异,寻求许多问题的答案和创新的关系。目前,哈萨克斯坦开始了教育体系的现代化,对传统教育的变化进行了系统的回应,提出了其他(不同于传统内容)的内容、方法、教育过程中教师和学生的互动。造成这些现象的原因是现代教育体系无法满足现代信息、高科技世界的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Project activity of students in the conditions of university: experience of preparation and inclusion 大学条件下学生的项目活动:准备和融入的经验
Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.26577/jpss.2020.v72.i1.19
Ö. Mehmet, G. Kassen, N. Sadykova, D. Mukhatayeva
al-Farabi KazNU is deeply analyzed on the organization of project activities of students at the University, faculty, Cathedral levels and in the forms of social, research, creative, leisure projects. The analysis of foreign and domestic experience of preparing students for project activities in the University, shows that the process of formation of project competence of students is a purposeful and organized process of mastering by students the knowledge, skills and experience necessary for them for productive and personal – meaningful implementation of project activities, allowing to develop a wide range of competencies necessary for life in today’s dynamic socio-economic conditions.
al-Farabi KazNU对大学、教师、大教堂级别的学生项目活动的组织进行了深入分析,并以社会、研究、创意和休闲项目的形式进行了分析。对国内外为学生在大学项目活动做准备的经验分析表明,学生项目能力的形成过程是一个有目的、有组织的过程,即学生掌握必要的知识、技能和经验,以便富有成效地、有意义地实施项目活动,允许在当今充满活力的社会经济条件下发展生活所需的广泛能力。
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引用次数: 0
The activity approach analysis on the research of mechanisms in adoption of social experience 社会经验采纳机制研究的活动方法分析
Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.26577/JPSS.2019.V68.I1.04
S. Zhantikeyev, O. Aimaganbetova, Z. Bimagambetova
The article is devoted to the analysis of the significance of the fundamental provisions of the activity approach in the study of the mechanisms of assimilation of social experience. The essence of the activity approach is revealed when considering any mental phenomenon and process in its formation and functioning through the prism of the category of activity. The basis of this approach is, of course, the general psychological theory of activity, and the approach itself is an application of this theory to the study and formation of mental processes and properties. The article shows the historical insight into the development of the activity approach and its significance for the process of assimilating the social experience of previous generations, which is possible due to the activity of the exercise, carried out in specially organized conditions. The modern approaches of psychological and pedagogical mechanisms for mastering social experience are considered, as well as from the position of the activity approach, the results of the author’s empirical research on the identification of the system of conditions for the successful updating of skills are reflected. Three components of its subsystem (group of conditions) are identified and the content of the main conditions in the composition of each of these groups is investigated: the process of assimilation; storage method; organization of “business” activity, contributing to the actualization of knowledge and skills. A model of science-based knowledge and skills training has been built, the success of which is due to the consideration of the psychological mechanisms of actualization.
本文致力于分析活动方法的基本规定在研究社会经验同化机制中的意义。当通过活动范畴的棱镜考虑任何心理现象和过程的形成和功能时,活动方法的本质就会显露出来。当然,这种方法的基础是关于活动的一般心理学理论,而这种方法本身就是将这一理论应用于心理过程和性质的研究和形成。本文展示了对活动方法发展的历史洞察及其对吸收前几代人的社会经验的过程的意义,这是由于在特殊组织条件下进行的活动练习而成为可能的。本文考虑了掌握社会经验的心理学和教育学机制的现代方法,以及从活动方法的角度,反映了作者对成功更新技能的条件系统识别的实证研究结果。确定了其子系统(条件组)的三个组成部分,并研究了这些组组成中的主要条件的内容:同化过程;存储方法;组织“业务”活动,有助于实现知识和技能。建立了以科学为基础的知识技能培训模式,该模式的成功在于考虑了实现的心理机制。
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引用次数: 0
The problem of occupational stress as one of the factors of the deterioration of the psycho-emotional state of medical workers 职业压力问题是医务人员心理情绪状态恶化的因素之一
Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.26577/JPSS.2019.V68.I1.07
V.A. Yermekbay, E. Kalymbetova
This scientific article on the topic “The problem of occupational stress as one of the factors of the deterioration of the psycho-emotional state of medical workers” aimed at studying the problem of the influence of occupational stress on the psycho-emotional state, working capacity and performance of medical workers. The following types of occupational stress were identified in the process of studying: work stress, occupational stress and organizational stress as well as the causes that give rise to above mentioned stresses and stress types. In addition, we looked at the following phases of development of occupational stress: the phase of tension, the phase of resistance and the phase of exhaustion, which manifest themselves in the following signs: 1. The phase of tension. Acute experiences, dissatisfaction with themselves and anxiety prevail. 2. The phase of resistance. There is a decrease in emotional response level; attempts to reduce the list of functional responsibilities. The doctor becomes less emotional within the family and while communicating with friends. 3. The phase of exhaustion. Lack of emotions, harshness, rudeness, lack of sympathy, touchiness, detachment, psychosomatic and vegetative disorders. Finally, conclusions about the causality and symptomatology of the deterioration of the psychoemotional state of medical workers were drawn, questions about recommendations that contribute to the prevention of the stress state associated with professional activities and issues about the recommendations and prevention of stressful conditions associated with professional activities were examined.
这篇题为“职业压力是导致医务工作者心理情绪状态恶化的因素之一”的科学文章旨在研究职业压力对医务工作者心理情感状态、工作能力和表现的影响问题。在研究过程中,发现了以下类型的职业压力:工作压力、职业压力和组织压力,以及产生上述压力的原因和压力类型。此外,我们观察了职业压力发展的以下阶段:紧张阶段、抵抗阶段和疲惫阶段,这些阶段表现为以下迹象:1。紧张的阶段。尖锐的经历、对自己的不满和焦虑占了上风。2.电阻的相位。情绪反应水平下降;试图减少职能责任清单。医生在家庭内部和与朋友交流时变得不那么情绪化。3.衰竭阶段。缺乏情感、严厉、粗鲁、缺乏同情心、敏感、超然、身心障碍和植物人障碍。最后,得出了医务工作者心理情绪状态恶化的因果关系和症状学结论,研究了有助于预防与职业活动相关的压力状态的建议问题,以及有关建议和预防与职业行为相关的压力状况的问题。
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引用次数: 1
Psychology of organizational behaviour: world trends and kazakhstani experience 组织行为心理学:世界趋势与哈萨克斯坦经验
Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.26577/JPSS.2019.V68.I1.03
A. M. Kim, I. K. Kairatova, N. Khon
Today new approaches in management of organizations are required, as change in conditions of production have been increased (acceleration of innovations, search of highly skilled personnel, close interaction of technological, social, economic and political processes, their global impact on economy). These changes also affect the scope of psychology, in particular, psychology of personality and organizational behavior. Organizational behavior is a systematic studying and practical knowledge of interaction of individuals and groups of people in organization. Organizational behavior is the field of scientific research regarding the reasons and factors of people’s behavior in the organization. In this article modern foreign research on this subject are considered. It is revealed that 17% from articles that we analyzed are devoted to the review of historical development of organizational psychology. 77% of publications are devoted to research of the personality and organizational behavior with use of a Big Five methodology and methods of neuroscience. Emergence of new concepts, such as positive organizational behavior, strategic organizational behavior, and also often found concept of organizational citizenship behavior is reflected. Works of the Kazakhstani authors have made 6%. Generally the comparative review of the Kazakhstan, American, Japanese and Russian mentality is carried out. As a result of the analysis of articles devoted to the personality and organizational behavior the conclusion regarding the following tendencies in modern world organizational psychology has been drawn: 1) big variety of theoretical bases and methodical approaches to studying of the personality and organizational behavior; 2) steady tendency of use of Big-Five as a personality methodology; 3) application of more modern methods (computer options of questionnaires, neuropsychological approaches, statistical data processing) along with classical methods of research of organizational behavior (questionnaires, tests, an observation method); 4) there is lack of implementation of modern methods in the Kazakhstani organizational psychology, they aren’t used widely. This article can be useful for teachers, students, and also for specialists in the field of management of organizations and HR managers.
如今,随着生产条件的变化(加速创新、寻找高技能人才、技术、社会、经济和政治进程的密切互动及其对经济的全球影响),组织管理需要新的方法。这些变化也影响了心理学的范围,特别是人格心理学和组织行为心理学。组织行为是对组织中个人和群体互动的系统研究和实践知识。组织行为是研究人们在组织中行为的原因和因素的科学领域。本文对国外关于这一主题的现代研究进行了思考。据透露,在我们分析的文章中,17%的文章致力于回顾组织心理学的历史发展。77%的出版物致力于使用五大方法论和神经科学方法研究人格和组织行为。新概念的出现,如积极的组织行为、战略性的组织行为,也经常发现组织公民行为的概念。哈萨克斯坦作家的作品占6%。一般来说,对哈萨克斯坦、美国、日本和俄罗斯的心态进行了比较考察。通过对有关人格和组织行为的文章的分析,得出了关于现代组织心理学的以下趋势的结论:(1)研究人格与组织行为的理论基础和方法多种多样;2) 使用“五大”作为人格方法论的稳定趋势;3) 应用更现代的方法(问卷的计算机选项、神经心理学方法、统计数据处理)以及组织行为的经典研究方法(问卷、测试、观察方法);4) 哈萨克斯坦的组织心理学缺乏现代方法的实施,没有得到广泛的应用。这篇文章对教师、学生以及组织管理领域的专家和人力资源经理都很有用。
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引用次数: 0
Gender Differences in the Manifestation of Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents 青少年攻击行为表现的性别差异
Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.26577/jpss.2019.v68.i1.02
А. Baktygali, N. Akhtaeva, N. Sadykova
This article presents the results of a study of thegender difference in presence of aggressive behavior of the teenagers. The gender difference in presence of aggressive behavior was determined and analyzed by the following methods as: Bassa-Darky questionnaire, The method of “Personal aggress and conflict” ( Ilyn E. P. and Kovalev P. A.) proposed for determination of subject to the conflict and aggress in purpose of personal characteristic. Scale: short temper, touchiness, intransigence, compromise, vindictiveness, intolerance to the others opinions, suspicion; positive aggressiveness, negative aggressiveness, conflict. The method of diagnosis of the self-esteem mental states (by Aizenk) proposed for determination of the level of following important mental traits: anxiety, frustration, aggressiveness and rigidity. For math treatment of the data, there was used the Spearmen’s correlation coefficient and U-criteria Manna-Whitney in the program of statistical treatment SPSS16. By the results of empirical study of gender differences in presence of aggressive behavior of teenagers, there are was confirmed the hypothesis, that the boys more often show aggressive behavior in comparison with girls, but girls dominated by physical and verbal types of aggressive behavior. By results of statistical analyses by Manna-Whitney criteria, there are was determined, that rigidity, immutability of behavior more pronounced at the boys. Boys often use physical force against other persons, and also express their negative feelings both through the form (cry, squeal), and through the content of verbal responses (curses, threats). In general, boys are more likely to show aggressive behavior, unlike girls.
本文介绍了一项关于青少年攻击行为存在性别差异的研究结果。采用Bassa Darky问卷、Ilyn E.P.和Kovalev P.A.提出的“个人攻击和冲突”方法,以确定受试者的个人特征为目的,确定并分析了存在攻击行为的性别差异。尺度:脾气暴躁、敏感、不妥协、妥协、报复心强、不容忍他人意见、猜疑;积极进取,消极进取,冲突。Aizenk提出的自尊心理状态诊断方法用于确定以下重要心理特征的水平:焦虑、挫折、攻击性和僵硬。对于数据的数学处理,在SPSS16统计处理程序中使用了Spearmen相关系数和U-标准Manna Whitney。通过对青少年存在攻击性行为的性别差异的实证研究结果,证实了这一假设,即与女孩相比,男孩更经常表现出攻击性行为,但女孩主要表现为身体和言语类型的攻击性行为。根据Manna Whitney标准的统计分析结果,可以确定,男孩的行为刚性和不变性更为明显。男孩经常对他人使用武力,也通过形式(哭泣、尖叫)和言语回应(诅咒、威胁)表达他们的负面情绪。一般来说,与女孩不同,男孩更容易表现出攻击性行为。
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引用次数: 0
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