Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171734
Salem Abd El-Hakem Hegazy, AbdelMageed Mahmoud, A. Kamel, I. Arafa, Y. Elhalwagy
Inertial navigation system (INS) is utilized in several applications such as missile guidance, space navigation, and marine navigation. An efficient calibration method for improving the inertial navigation system accuracy is presented. As the vital error sources in the inertial navigation system are associated with the deterministic errors of the inertial measurement unit (IMU), the proposed technique precisely determines the calibration parameters to reduce these errors, especially the gyro’s scale factor, and non-orthogonality error. In recently proposed calibration methods, the scale factor is determined by the output/input relationship linear fitting. Although the determined scale factor meets the requirement of various navigation systems to some extent it doesn’t fit the high accurate ones, such as guided missiles and marines. That’s because the gyro damping effect is changed with different input angular rates which causes the gyro scale factor varying. The presented calibration method tackles this phenomenon by assigning different weights to each input rate through a weighted linear regression fit. Moreover, the gyro nonorthogonal error which comes from the imperfection gyro mounting is merely determined by the lateral coupling signal. But the fact is that the lateral coupling signal is not induced from the gyro non-orthogonal error only but also comprises the gyro signal which is directly proportional to the centripetal acceleration caused by the applied angular rates. Even though this signal is tiny but it will be accumulated for the long-time navigation system and degrades its accuracy. The presented calibration method utilizes a lateral accelerometer to realize that signal and tear out it to accurately obtain the nonorthogonal error. Finally, a laboratory test for the proposed method was carried out to ensure its effectiveness. Where the actual applied rates are determined twice, once with the built error model by the presented calibration method and the other by the traditional one.
{"title":"Calibration and Compensation of Scale Factor Non-linearity and Non-Orthogonality Errors for Dynamically Tuned Gyroscope (DTG)","authors":"Salem Abd El-Hakem Hegazy, AbdelMageed Mahmoud, A. Kamel, I. Arafa, Y. Elhalwagy","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171734","url":null,"abstract":"Inertial navigation system (INS) is utilized in several applications such as missile guidance, space navigation, and marine navigation. An efficient calibration method for improving the inertial navigation system accuracy is presented. As the vital error sources in the inertial navigation system are associated with the deterministic errors of the inertial measurement unit (IMU), the proposed technique precisely determines the calibration parameters to reduce these errors, especially the gyro’s scale factor, and non-orthogonality error. In recently proposed calibration methods, the scale factor is determined by the output/input relationship linear fitting. Although the determined scale factor meets the requirement of various navigation systems to some extent it doesn’t fit the high accurate ones, such as guided missiles and marines. That’s because the gyro damping effect is changed with different input angular rates which causes the gyro scale factor varying. The presented calibration method tackles this phenomenon by assigning different weights to each input rate through a weighted linear regression fit. Moreover, the gyro nonorthogonal error which comes from the imperfection gyro mounting is merely determined by the lateral coupling signal. But the fact is that the lateral coupling signal is not induced from the gyro non-orthogonal error only but also comprises the gyro signal which is directly proportional to the centripetal acceleration caused by the applied angular rates. Even though this signal is tiny but it will be accumulated for the long-time navigation system and degrades its accuracy. The presented calibration method utilizes a lateral accelerometer to realize that signal and tear out it to accurately obtain the nonorthogonal error. Finally, a laboratory test for the proposed method was carried out to ensure its effectiveness. Where the actual applied rates are determined twice, once with the built error model by the presented calibration method and the other by the traditional one.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122239266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171776
E. N. Mobarez, A. Sarhan, M. Ashry
This paper proposes a collaborative control system to be designed for multi-UAV. This makes it easy to perform many tasks at the same time and with high accuracy. Therefore, this cooperative control and guidance subsystems of the aircraft should have robust performance against sensors noise and wind disturbances. Four types of control algorithms were designed for a single Aerosonde UAV autopilot. This is to pick up which control algorithm is the best. As such, this control algorithm is proposed to be designed for the cooperative flight control system. Two classical control algorithms and two intelligent control algorithms have been proposed for the autopilot design of a single Aerosonde UAV. The first classical controller proposed is genetically tuned PID, while the second classical controller proposed is the fractional order PID. The first intelligent controller proposed for autopilot system is the Fuzzy logic controller known as FLC, while the second intelligent controller proposed is the adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system known as ANFIS. The proposed control algorithms have been applied to the nonlinear multivariable system of Aerosonde UAV. The analysis of simulation results assure that ANFIS is the best performance and the most robust control algorithm proposed. As such, ANFIS controller has been selected to be the cooperative flight controller system either in the low-level of a single UAV and in the top-level of multi-UAVs. Sometimes, classical controllers are preferred because of their simplicity in design. If this is the case, the simulation results assure that the genetically tuned fractional order PID controller- which proposed here for the first time with UAVs- is better than genetically tuned PID.
{"title":"Multi-variable Controllers for Cooperative Flight of Multi-Fixed Wing UAVs","authors":"E. N. Mobarez, A. Sarhan, M. Ashry","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171776","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a collaborative control system to be designed for multi-UAV. This makes it easy to perform many tasks at the same time and with high accuracy. Therefore, this cooperative control and guidance subsystems of the aircraft should have robust performance against sensors noise and wind disturbances. Four types of control algorithms were designed for a single Aerosonde UAV autopilot. This is to pick up which control algorithm is the best. As such, this control algorithm is proposed to be designed for the cooperative flight control system. Two classical control algorithms and two intelligent control algorithms have been proposed for the autopilot design of a single Aerosonde UAV. The first classical controller proposed is genetically tuned PID, while the second classical controller proposed is the fractional order PID. The first intelligent controller proposed for autopilot system is the Fuzzy logic controller known as FLC, while the second intelligent controller proposed is the adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system known as ANFIS. The proposed control algorithms have been applied to the nonlinear multivariable system of Aerosonde UAV. The analysis of simulation results assure that ANFIS is the best performance and the most robust control algorithm proposed. As such, ANFIS controller has been selected to be the cooperative flight controller system either in the low-level of a single UAV and in the top-level of multi-UAVs. Sometimes, classical controllers are preferred because of their simplicity in design. If this is the case, the simulation results assure that the genetically tuned fractional order PID controller- which proposed here for the first time with UAVs- is better than genetically tuned PID.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115522131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171779
M. Mahfouz, A. T. Hafez, M. Ashry, G. Elnashar
Formation reconfiguration is one of the most significant subjects of the collaborative quadrotors unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In this paper, a backstepping-PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controller is used with a group of multiple collaborative quadrotors to track desired predesigned trajectory. The proposed backstepping-PID controller composed of two-loops of control. First loop is an external-loop for the higher-controller for position control, and the second loop is an internal-loop for the lower-controller for attitude control. The proposed controller uses a backstepping controller as a higher-controller and an PID controller as a lowercontroller. The main contribution in this paper is resolving the formation reconfiguration issue for the collaborative quadrotors in dynamic moving obstacles-loaded environment. Simulation results of collaborative quadrotors show that the proposed backstepping-PID controller enables formation reconfiguration of the collaborative quadrotors to keep a desired formation guaranteeing the obstacle-avoidance operation. The results show the split-rejoin capability of the backstepping-PID controller to retain the original formation configuration of the group. The results of the backstepping-PID controller are compared to a studied earlier backstepping controller in presence and absence of model uncertainty.
{"title":"Formation Reconfiguration Based on Backstepping-PID Controller for Collaborative Quadrotors","authors":"M. Mahfouz, A. T. Hafez, M. Ashry, G. Elnashar","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171779","url":null,"abstract":"Formation reconfiguration is one of the most significant subjects of the collaborative quadrotors unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In this paper, a backstepping-PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controller is used with a group of multiple collaborative quadrotors to track desired predesigned trajectory. The proposed backstepping-PID controller composed of two-loops of control. First loop is an external-loop for the higher-controller for position control, and the second loop is an internal-loop for the lower-controller for attitude control. The proposed controller uses a backstepping controller as a higher-controller and an PID controller as a lowercontroller. The main contribution in this paper is resolving the formation reconfiguration issue for the collaborative quadrotors in dynamic moving obstacles-loaded environment. Simulation results of collaborative quadrotors show that the proposed backstepping-PID controller enables formation reconfiguration of the collaborative quadrotors to keep a desired formation guaranteeing the obstacle-avoidance operation. The results show the split-rejoin capability of the backstepping-PID controller to retain the original formation configuration of the group. The results of the backstepping-PID controller are compared to a studied earlier backstepping controller in presence and absence of model uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115763983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171717
A. H. Hassaballa, A. Kamel, I. Arafa, Y. Elhalwagy
Accurate measurements of angular velocities and linear accelerations are required to achieve a precise navigation solution for autonomous vehicles (AVs). These measurements are readily available from the inertial measurement unit (IMU) which is considered the most crucial component in the AV autopilot system. Inertial navigation system (INS) comprises of IMU plus complicated process that converts the IMU measurements to navigation information (position, velocity, attitude, and time (PVAT)). To use low grade IMUs for constructing a reliable INS, a precise mechanization model with an intensive aiding filter has to be implemented to integrate other sensors such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and magnetometers to insure trustable and continuous PVAT measurements. The motivation behind the work presented in this paper is to build a real time integrated navigation system using low-cost components available in the market. By using the proper calibration and error estimation techniques such as the extended Kalman filter (EKF), the system can achieve a comparable navigation accuracy with other higher performance navigation system. A linearized north-east-down (NED) error model is adopted, the GPS/INS integration using EKF is described. The algorithm is implemented on a low power ATSAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 series microcontrollers and integrated with an on the shelf MEMS 9-DOF IMU. The field experiments results analysis showed an outstanding real-time navigation performance if compared with high performance and much more expensive tactical grade INSs.
为了实现自动驾驶汽车(av)的精确导航解决方案，需要精确测量角速度和线性加速度。惯性测量单元(IMU)被认为是自动驾驶系统中最关键的部件，可以很容易地获得这些测量结果。惯性导航系统包括惯性单元和将惯性单元测量值转换为导航信息(位置、速度、姿态和时间)的复杂过程。为了使用低等级imu来构建可靠的INS，必须实现具有密集辅助滤波器的精确机械化模型，以集成其他传感器，如全球定位系统(GPS)和磁力计，以确保可靠和连续的PVAT测量。本文提出的工作背后的动机是使用市场上可用的低成本组件构建实时集成导航系统。通过适当的校正和误差估计技术，如扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)，该系统可以达到与其他高性能导航系统相当的导航精度。采用线性化的东北向下误差模型，描述了利用EKF进行GPS/INS集成的方法。该算法在低功耗ATSAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3系列微控制器上实现，并与现成的MEMS 9自由度IMU集成。现场试验结果分析表明，与高性能、昂贵的战术级ins相比，该系统具有出色的实时导航性能。
{"title":"Real Time Full States Integrated Low Cost Navigation System for Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"A. H. Hassaballa, A. Kamel, I. Arafa, Y. Elhalwagy","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171717","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate measurements of angular velocities and linear accelerations are required to achieve a precise navigation solution for autonomous vehicles (AVs). These measurements are readily available from the inertial measurement unit (IMU) which is considered the most crucial component in the AV autopilot system. Inertial navigation system (INS) comprises of IMU plus complicated process that converts the IMU measurements to navigation information (position, velocity, attitude, and time (PVAT)). To use low grade IMUs for constructing a reliable INS, a precise mechanization model with an intensive aiding filter has to be implemented to integrate other sensors such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and magnetometers to insure trustable and continuous PVAT measurements. The motivation behind the work presented in this paper is to build a real time integrated navigation system using low-cost components available in the market. By using the proper calibration and error estimation techniques such as the extended Kalman filter (EKF), the system can achieve a comparable navigation accuracy with other higher performance navigation system. A linearized north-east-down (NED) error model is adopted, the GPS/INS integration using EKF is described. The algorithm is implemented on a low power ATSAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 series microcontrollers and integrated with an on the shelf MEMS 9-DOF IMU. The field experiments results analysis showed an outstanding real-time navigation performance if compared with high performance and much more expensive tactical grade INSs.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130935479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171751
Fayrouz Allam
Overheating of the overhead transmission line (OHL) is one of the major factors that causes conductor aging due to annealing, deterioration of insulation, and hotspots. Temperature of OHL increases due to weather conditions and the loaded current on the conductors. The static line rated current (SLR) is calculated according to the supposed worst weather conditions of ambient temperature and wind speed. OHL aging due to annealing and hot spots reduces its lifetime and energy efficiency of the transmission lines. In smart grid, OHL temperature should be monitored to avoid overheating which threaten the safety and stability of the power transmission lines. In this research, thermal equations that relate the loaded current (Dynamic line rating DLR) with ambient temperature and OHL temperature are implemented. The implemented equations are used to calculate the dynamic line rated current that should be loaded on OHL without exceeding maximum permissible temperature. The proposed system is our implemented software connected to weather station and line sensor. This program was tested as simulation of real case of congested transmission network. The results show that, using our software can help to avoid overheating and hotspots by reducing the loaded current when the wind speed is lower than the supposed worst case of weather parameters. The results also show that, in real case, using our program protecting OHL from overheating and hot spots at bad weather conditions by lowering the loaded current by 58.5 % than rated current to reduce the temperature of conductor by 91.25% for certain time to protect them from overheating and hotspots.
{"title":"Protecting Overhead Transmission Lines (OHL) from Hot Spots Using Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) Calculations","authors":"Fayrouz Allam","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171751","url":null,"abstract":"Overheating of the overhead transmission line (OHL) is one of the major factors that causes conductor aging due to annealing, deterioration of insulation, and hotspots. Temperature of OHL increases due to weather conditions and the loaded current on the conductors. The static line rated current (SLR) is calculated according to the supposed worst weather conditions of ambient temperature and wind speed. OHL aging due to annealing and hot spots reduces its lifetime and energy efficiency of the transmission lines. In smart grid, OHL temperature should be monitored to avoid overheating which threaten the safety and stability of the power transmission lines. In this research, thermal equations that relate the loaded current (Dynamic line rating DLR) with ambient temperature and OHL temperature are implemented. The implemented equations are used to calculate the dynamic line rated current that should be loaded on OHL without exceeding maximum permissible temperature. The proposed system is our implemented software connected to weather station and line sensor. This program was tested as simulation of real case of congested transmission network. The results show that, using our software can help to avoid overheating and hotspots by reducing the loaded current when the wind speed is lower than the supposed worst case of weather parameters. The results also show that, in real case, using our program protecting OHL from overheating and hot spots at bad weather conditions by lowering the loaded current by 58.5 % than rated current to reduce the temperature of conductor by 91.25% for certain time to protect them from overheating and hotspots.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129357128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171747
M. Ashry, Ahmed S. Mashaly, B. Sheta
Remote sensing is the backbone for several civilian and military applications. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is considered as one of the most important tools, which has a significant rule in remote sensing applications. For SAR signal processing, pulse compression techniques aim to obtain a fine map resolution, decrease the peak-transmitted power, and increase Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the sensed target. In this paper, we introduce a performance assessment for two well-known Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) pulse compression techniques, which are Matching Filtering and Stretch Processing. For matching filtering, it is known as Correlation processing technique. It is mainly used for narrow band and some medium band radar operations. While, stretch processing technique is usually used for high bandwidth LFM signal processing. Besides that, we discuss the properties of the LFM signal and the two compression techniques in both time and frequency domain. Also, the paper investigates the concept of the principle of stationary phase (POSP) and its use in deriving the frequency characteristics for the LFM signal and matched filter output. A mathematical model for each compression technique has been derived such that these models will be used for hardware implementation purpose. For simulation and performance assessment, the two techniques have been analyzed based on some quantitative indices like, Pulse Compression Ratio (PCR) and Peak Side-Lobe Ratio (PSLR).
{"title":"Comparative Analysis between SAR Pulse Compression Techniques","authors":"M. Ashry, Ahmed S. Mashaly, B. Sheta","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171747","url":null,"abstract":"Remote sensing is the backbone for several civilian and military applications. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is considered as one of the most important tools, which has a significant rule in remote sensing applications. For SAR signal processing, pulse compression techniques aim to obtain a fine map resolution, decrease the peak-transmitted power, and increase Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the sensed target. In this paper, we introduce a performance assessment for two well-known Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) pulse compression techniques, which are Matching Filtering and Stretch Processing. For matching filtering, it is known as Correlation processing technique. It is mainly used for narrow band and some medium band radar operations. While, stretch processing technique is usually used for high bandwidth LFM signal processing. Besides that, we discuss the properties of the LFM signal and the two compression techniques in both time and frequency domain. Also, the paper investigates the concept of the principle of stationary phase (POSP) and its use in deriving the frequency characteristics for the LFM signal and matched filter output. A mathematical model for each compression technique has been derived such that these models will be used for hardware implementation purpose. For simulation and performance assessment, the two techniques have been analyzed based on some quantitative indices like, Pulse Compression Ratio (PCR) and Peak Side-Lobe Ratio (PSLR).","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124279916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171753
A. Youssef
Transportation relies heavily on fossil fuels. Rapid consumption of natural resources and emission of greenhouse gases due to burning of fossil fuels have prompted the automotive industry to develop sustainable and clean energy sources vehicles for urban transportation. Research and development have been carried out on vehicles driven by electricity generated through renewable sources as possible alternatives to conventional vehicles. Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are among these vehicles, which provide a means for an efficient and environmentally friendly urban transportation system. High sensitivity to sudden changes in the loads and poor transient performance issue are the main obstacles for the commercialization of pure fuel cell driven vehicles; therefore, fuel cells are usually augmented with a secondary power source. Typical systems used in industrial vehicles use battery as a secondary power source. Using battery as a secondary power source for FCEVs provides additional peak power in situations such as accelerating and hill climbing, and recuperates braking energy by regeneration, thereby improves the performance and efficiency of the overall system. To manage the energy transfer between batteries and the DC-bus, a converter with bidirectional power flow capabilities is required; therefore, the objective of this paper is to design an appropriate bidirectional DC/DC converter structure or sometimes called an energy management converter to manage the charging and discharging of the battery based on high efficiency range. A multi-phase interleaved bidirectional DC/DC converter structure is proposed, which offers reduction of: input current ripples, stresses on switches, output voltage ripples, and passive component sizes. Improving transient response and reliability are among the many advantages of using such structure.
{"title":"Multiphase Interleaved Bidirectional DC/DC Converter for Fuel Cell/Battery Powered Electric Vehicles","authors":"A. Youssef","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171753","url":null,"abstract":"Transportation relies heavily on fossil fuels. Rapid consumption of natural resources and emission of greenhouse gases due to burning of fossil fuels have prompted the automotive industry to develop sustainable and clean energy sources vehicles for urban transportation. Research and development have been carried out on vehicles driven by electricity generated through renewable sources as possible alternatives to conventional vehicles. Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are among these vehicles, which provide a means for an efficient and environmentally friendly urban transportation system. High sensitivity to sudden changes in the loads and poor transient performance issue are the main obstacles for the commercialization of pure fuel cell driven vehicles; therefore, fuel cells are usually augmented with a secondary power source. Typical systems used in industrial vehicles use battery as a secondary power source. Using battery as a secondary power source for FCEVs provides additional peak power in situations such as accelerating and hill climbing, and recuperates braking energy by regeneration, thereby improves the performance and efficiency of the overall system. To manage the energy transfer between batteries and the DC-bus, a converter with bidirectional power flow capabilities is required; therefore, the objective of this paper is to design an appropriate bidirectional DC/DC converter structure or sometimes called an energy management converter to manage the charging and discharging of the battery based on high efficiency range. A multi-phase interleaved bidirectional DC/DC converter structure is proposed, which offers reduction of: input current ripples, stresses on switches, output voltage ripples, and passive component sizes. Improving transient response and reliability are among the many advantages of using such structure.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"11 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133853758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171723
Aya B. Elghonemy, A. El-Badawy
This paper focuses on the problem of robust H-infinity control design for a linear uncertain SISO system represented as a single-axis spacecraft rotation. The parametric uncertainty and disturbance input make this control problem a challenge. The paper presents an H-infinity control design which stabilizes all possible perturbed plants within the system and guarantees disturbance attenuation and meeting the tracking specifications while maintaining practical controller gains for all admissible uncertainties. The paper includes a design of a PD controller on the single-axis spacecraft plant and a comparison between the two controllers under the effect of disturbance and uncertainty. The robust H-infinity control problem is formulated into the General control problem formulation then solved via DK-iterations which is based on the concepts of H-infinityoptimization and μ-synthesis. The synthesized robust H-infinity controller is verified by nominal stability analysis, nominal performance analysis, robust stability analysis, robust performance analysis and worst case gain analysis, in addition to, testing the controller’s performance specifications.
{"title":"Robust H-infinity Controller for a Single-axis Spacecraft Rotation","authors":"Aya B. Elghonemy, A. El-Badawy","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171723","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the problem of robust H-infinity control design for a linear uncertain SISO system represented as a single-axis spacecraft rotation. The parametric uncertainty and disturbance input make this control problem a challenge. The paper presents an H-infinity control design which stabilizes all possible perturbed plants within the system and guarantees disturbance attenuation and meeting the tracking specifications while maintaining practical controller gains for all admissible uncertainties. The paper includes a design of a PD controller on the single-axis spacecraft plant and a comparison between the two controllers under the effect of disturbance and uncertainty. The robust H-infinity control problem is formulated into the General control problem formulation then solved via DK-iterations which is based on the concepts of H-infinityoptimization and μ-synthesis. The synthesized robust H-infinity controller is verified by nominal stability analysis, nominal performance analysis, robust stability analysis, robust performance analysis and worst case gain analysis, in addition to, testing the controller’s performance specifications.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129613293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171739
Abdelmegeid Amin Ali, H. S. Hassan, Eman M. Anwar
Actually, one of the leading causes of death is cardiac diseases so medical diagnosis tries to recommend the most candidate diagnose any kind of cardiac disease. Researchers have several distinctive hybrid techniques by strengthening a variety of machine learning methods that aid specialists in the field of cardiac disease expectations. This paper presented a technique named “Convolution Neural Network and Gate Recurrent Unit (CNN GRU).” The main goal of this methodology is to suggest an optimal machine learning approach that achieves high accuracy in the prediction of cardiac disease. The Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) feature selection algorithms are utilized to extract essential features from the data set. The proposed technique was compared to several machine learning algorithms with the selected features. The “K-fold” cross-validation was utilized to enhance the accuracy. The results showed that the (CNN GRU) technique achieved 94.5 percent accuracy compared to other techniques.
{"title":"Heart Diseases Diagnosis based on a Novel Convolution Neural Network and Gate Recurrent Unit Technique","authors":"Abdelmegeid Amin Ali, H. S. Hassan, Eman M. Anwar","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171739","url":null,"abstract":"Actually, one of the leading causes of death is cardiac diseases so medical diagnosis tries to recommend the most candidate diagnose any kind of cardiac disease. Researchers have several distinctive hybrid techniques by strengthening a variety of machine learning methods that aid specialists in the field of cardiac disease expectations. This paper presented a technique named “Convolution Neural Network and Gate Recurrent Unit (CNN GRU).” The main goal of this methodology is to suggest an optimal machine learning approach that achieves high accuracy in the prediction of cardiac disease. The Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) feature selection algorithms are utilized to extract essential features from the data set. The proposed technique was compared to several machine learning algorithms with the selected features. The “K-fold” cross-validation was utilized to enhance the accuracy. The results showed that the (CNN GRU) technique achieved 94.5 percent accuracy compared to other techniques.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126768845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171724
Mohamed M. Abdelhakim, Shady S. Shokry, M. Alshershby, Y. Badr, A. Mokhtar
Laser soft damage of electro-optical (EO) sensors can be defined as the destruction of electronic primary devices, or the photo detectors. This damaging effect causes system’s functions to be lost. In this paper dazzling and soft damage of electro-optical sensors, including, complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) imaging sensors and charge-coupled devices (CCD) imaging sensors were studied both theoretically and experimentally. A MATLAB simulation model was built and used for predicting the design parameters of practical laser system. This laser system is capable of damaging EO sensors from laboratory scale to far field distances; this was achieved by maximizing the laser pulse energy. In addition, we designed and implemented an enhanced high energy flash lamp pumped pulsed Nd:YAG laser system with 2 J energy to achieve soft damaging of numerous types of EO sensors at different distances. Good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results obtained and a CCD image sensor was successfully soft damaged at a distance of 4 Km in free space environments.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Flash Lamp Pumped Nd-YAG Pulsed Laser for Electro-Optical Sensors Soft Damage","authors":"Mohamed M. Abdelhakim, Shady S. Shokry, M. Alshershby, Y. Badr, A. Mokhtar","doi":"10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENG45378.2020.9171724","url":null,"abstract":"Laser soft damage of electro-optical (EO) sensors can be defined as the destruction of electronic primary devices, or the photo detectors. This damaging effect causes system’s functions to be lost. In this paper dazzling and soft damage of electro-optical sensors, including, complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) imaging sensors and charge-coupled devices (CCD) imaging sensors were studied both theoretically and experimentally. A MATLAB simulation model was built and used for predicting the design parameters of practical laser system. This laser system is capable of damaging EO sensors from laboratory scale to far field distances; this was achieved by maximizing the laser pulse energy. In addition, we designed and implemented an enhanced high energy flash lamp pumped pulsed Nd:YAG laser system with 2 J energy to achieve soft damaging of numerous types of EO sensors at different distances. Good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results obtained and a CCD image sensor was successfully soft damaged at a distance of 4 Km in free space environments.","PeriodicalId":346636,"journal":{"name":"2020 12th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126333105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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