Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.3977.2021
Mulugeta Fentaw, E. Alemayehu, Anteneh Geremew
Understanding the behavior of expansive soil and adopting the appropriate control measures should be great for civil engineers. Extensive research has been going on to find the solutions associated with problems of expansive soils. There have been many methods available to control the expansiveness of these soils. The removal of expansive soils and replacement with suitable material has been widely practiced worldwide. Reasonable material is available within economic distances; however, suitable materials is not readily an available in urban areas for borrowing, which has to be hauled from a long distance. Instead of borrowing suitable soil from a long distance away, after stabilization with cost effective and readily available industrial and agricultural waste materials, it is economical to use locally available plastic soil. Such wastage products are also used to minimize environmental hazards such as CO2 in the atmosphere to minimize the percentage of industrial products used for stabilization, such as cement. Marble dust (MD), an industrial waste product, Rice husk ash (RHA), agricultural waste products, and cement are industrial products in this present study. The general objective of study was to examine the effects of poor subgrade soil stabilization using the mixture of MD, RHA and cement to enhance sub-standard soil engineering properties to be used as subgrade materials. Moisture content, Atterberg limits, grain size analysis, soil classification, free swell index, basic gravity, compaction (maximum dry density, optimum moisture content) and CBR value test have been calculated in this analysis. The design of the analysis followed by the experimental method of study were adopted, which started with sample selection. A disturbed samples was collected from the pit at a depth of 1.5 m to 2m from ground level in order to avoid the inclusion of organic matter by considering the free swell index value and observation was considered. The chemical analysis of MD and RHA was conducted in laboratory and the main oxides are (SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3) were 70.13% for RHA and 42.43% for MD. The RHA chemical properties satisfy the requirement, while MD did not meet the requirement of ASTM C 618. The Gomata Teachers’ Condominium (GTC) soil sample laboratory result have 42.72% plastic index (PI), 85% free swell index and its CBR value of 2.265%. The Millennium Secondary school (MSS) soil sample has a 48.79% PI, 87% free swell index and 2.121% CBR value. Therefore this soil samples are highly expansive were checked before any stabilizations process based on their plasticity index and CBR value based on standard specification requirement , then stabilization was achieved by stabilization by proposed (0,8MD,6MD+2C,4MD+4C,2MD+6C,8C,6MD+2RHA, 4MD+4RHA, 2MD+6RHA,8RHA,6RHA+2C,4RHA+4C,2RHA+6C,2MD+2RHA+4C,4MD+2RHA+2C, 2MD+4RHA+2C) proportion. Then LL, PI, OMC, and CBR decreased as the cement ratio increased, while PL, MDD and CBR value increases instead of MD and RHA i
了解膨胀土的特性并采取相应的控制措施，对土木工程人员具有重要意义。为了找到与膨胀土问题有关的解决办法，人们进行了广泛的研究。有许多方法可用来控制这些土壤的膨胀。清除膨胀土，代之以合适的材料，已在世界范围内广泛应用。在经济范围内可获得合理的材料;但是，在城市地区很难找到合适的材料供借用，必须从很远的地方运来。而不是从很远的地方借来合适的土壤，在用成本效益高且容易获得的工业和农业废料稳定之后，使用当地可用的塑料土壤是经济的。这些废弃产品也被用于减少环境危害，如大气中的二氧化碳，以尽量减少用于稳定的工业产品的百分比，如水泥。本研究的工业废弃物为大理石粉尘(MD)、农业废弃物为稻壳灰(RHA)、水泥。研究的总体目标是研究使用MD, RHA和水泥的混合物来增强不良路基土壤的工程性能，以用作路基材料。在此分析中计算了含水量、阿特伯格极限、粒度分析、土壤分类、自由膨胀指数、基本重力、压实(最大干密度、最佳含水量)和CBR值测试。采用分析的设计，然后是实验的研究方法，从样本的选择开始。考虑自由膨胀指数值，在距地面1.5 m ~ 2m的深坑处采集扰动试样，以避免有机物夹杂，并考虑观测。MD和RHA在实验室进行化学分析，主要氧化物为SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3, RHA为70.13%，MD为42.43%，RHA的化学性能满足要求，MD不符合ASTM C 618的要求。Gomata教师公寓(GTC)土壤样品的室内测试结果显示，其塑性指数(PI)为42.72%，自由膨胀指数为85%，CBR值为2.265%。千年中学(MSS)土壤样品的PI值为48.79%，自由膨胀指数为87%，CBR值为2.121%。因此，在进行稳定前，根据标准规范要求对高膨胀土样的塑性指数和CBR值进行检查，然后按照建议的(0,8 md,6MD+2C,4MD+4C,2MD+6C,8C,6MD+2RHA, 4MD+ 6RHA,8RHA,6RHA+2C,4RHA+4C, 2MD+2RHA+ 6C,2MD+2RHA+4C,4MD+2RHA+2C, 2MD+2RHA+ 2C)比例进行稳定。随着水泥比的增加，LL、PI、OMC和CBR值降低，而PL、MDD和CBR值增加而MD和RHA值不增加，但随着MD和RHA的增加，水泥量减少。将实验结果与埃塞俄比亚道路管理局标准、ASTM和AASHTO的要求进行了比较。根据本研究，所有稳定剂(md -水泥、rhaa -水泥、MD-RHA、md - rhaa -水泥)和8%的RHA和水泥的CBR膨胀值均满足ERA标准规范要求。然而，仅8%的大理石粉尘并不能满足埃塞俄比亚道路管理局对CBR膨胀的要求。单独使用MD和RHA并不能改善用于路基施工的土样的某些工程特性。然而，它们掺入不同比例的水泥可以有效地稳定这种膨胀土，用于道路路基施工。
{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STABILIZATION OF EXPANSIVE SOIL USING THE MIXTURE OF MARBLE DUST, RICE HUSK ASH AND CEMENT FOR SUB-GRADE ROAD CONSTRUCTION: A CASE STUDY OF WOLDIA TOWN","authors":"Mulugeta Fentaw, E. Alemayehu, Anteneh Geremew","doi":"10.33736/jcest.3977.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3977.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the behavior of expansive soil and adopting the appropriate control measures should be great for civil engineers. Extensive research has been going on to find the solutions associated with problems of expansive soils. There have been many methods available to control the expansiveness of these soils. The removal of expansive soils and replacement with suitable material has been widely practiced worldwide. Reasonable material is available within economic distances; however, suitable materials is not readily an available in urban areas for borrowing, which has to be hauled from a long distance. Instead of borrowing suitable soil from a long distance away, after stabilization with cost effective and readily available industrial and agricultural waste materials, it is economical to use locally available plastic soil. Such wastage products are also used to minimize environmental hazards such as CO2 in the atmosphere to minimize the percentage of industrial products used for stabilization, such as cement. Marble dust (MD), an industrial waste product, Rice husk ash (RHA), agricultural waste products, and cement are industrial products in this present study. The general objective of study was to examine the effects of poor subgrade soil stabilization using the mixture of MD, RHA and cement to enhance sub-standard soil engineering properties to be used as subgrade materials. Moisture content, Atterberg limits, grain size analysis, soil classification, free swell index, basic gravity, compaction (maximum dry density, optimum moisture content) and CBR value test have been calculated in this analysis. The design of the analysis followed by the experimental method of study were adopted, which started with sample selection. A disturbed samples was collected from the pit at a depth of 1.5 m to 2m from ground level in order to avoid the inclusion of organic matter by considering the free swell index value and observation was considered. The chemical analysis of MD and RHA was conducted in laboratory and the main oxides are (SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3) were 70.13% for RHA and 42.43% for MD. The RHA chemical properties satisfy the requirement, while MD did not meet the requirement of ASTM C 618. The Gomata Teachers’ Condominium (GTC) soil sample laboratory result have 42.72% plastic index (PI), 85% free swell index and its CBR value of 2.265%. The Millennium Secondary school (MSS) soil sample has a 48.79% PI, 87% free swell index and 2.121% CBR value. Therefore this soil samples are highly expansive were checked before any stabilizations process based on their plasticity index and CBR value based on standard specification requirement , then stabilization was achieved by stabilization by proposed (0,8MD,6MD+2C,4MD+4C,2MD+6C,8C,6MD+2RHA, 4MD+4RHA, 2MD+6RHA,8RHA,6RHA+2C,4RHA+4C,2RHA+6C,2MD+2RHA+4C,4MD+2RHA+2C, 2MD+4RHA+2C) proportion. Then LL, PI, OMC, and CBR decreased as the cement ratio increased, while PL, MDD and CBR value increases instead of MD and RHA i","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124074737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.3975.2021
Md. Belal Hossain, M. Roknuzzaman, Md. Asib Biswas, Motaharul Islam
Soft cohesive soils have low strength, high plasticity, and a large expansion ratio making them unsuitable as a road subgrade. This study aims to evaluate the potential of power plant waste (fly ash) from the Barapukuria Thermal Power Plant, Dinajpur, Bangladesh to improve the characteristics of such soft cohesive soil. X-ray fluorescence test conducted to classify the power plant fly ash and the type was identified as “Class F” according to “American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials” and "American Society for Testing and Materials". Laboratory tests were conducted on clay soil obtained from Dinajpur region modified by the collected power plant waste. As the Class F fly ash has low cementing property, 3% cement was added with it. Cement mixed soil was modified with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% fly ash respectively. Specific Gravity, Atterberg limits, Modified Proctor Compaction, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were conducted. The study reveals that there is a decrease in specific gravity, dry density, and plasticity index with the addition of power plant waste. On the other hand, there is an increase in optimum moisture content, UCS, and CBR value. UCS and CBR values were found to be improved remarkably. Soaked CBR value of soil is found to be improved from 2.79% to 92.59% when treated with 5% fly ash and 3% cement. The UCS value of this modified soil was 560.36 kPa. The stabilized soil thus obtained meets the requirements for subgrade as specified by the Local Government Engineering Department (LGED)’s design manual (2005), Bangladesh. Since there is a possibility of leaching by dumping a large quantity of fly ash in the pond, the use of fly ash from the power plants to improve soft cohesive soils for road subgrade may be an environment-friendly alternative to its disposal in the ponds.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF THERMAL POWER PLANT WASTE FOR SUBGRADE TREATMENT","authors":"Md. Belal Hossain, M. Roknuzzaman, Md. Asib Biswas, Motaharul Islam","doi":"10.33736/jcest.3975.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3975.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Soft cohesive soils have low strength, high plasticity, and a large expansion ratio making them unsuitable as a road subgrade. This study aims to evaluate the potential of power plant waste (fly ash) from the Barapukuria Thermal Power Plant, Dinajpur, Bangladesh to improve the characteristics of such soft cohesive soil. X-ray fluorescence test conducted to classify the power plant fly ash and the type was identified as “Class F” according to “American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials” and \"American Society for Testing and Materials\". Laboratory tests were conducted on clay soil obtained from Dinajpur region modified by the collected power plant waste. As the Class F fly ash has low cementing property, 3% cement was added with it. Cement mixed soil was modified with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% fly ash respectively. Specific Gravity, Atterberg limits, Modified Proctor Compaction, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were conducted. The study reveals that there is a decrease in specific gravity, dry density, and plasticity index with the addition of power plant waste. On the other hand, there is an increase in optimum moisture content, UCS, and CBR value. UCS and CBR values were found to be improved remarkably. Soaked CBR value of soil is found to be improved from 2.79% to 92.59% when treated with 5% fly ash and 3% cement. The UCS value of this modified soil was 560.36 kPa. The stabilized soil thus obtained meets the requirements for subgrade as specified by the Local Government Engineering Department (LGED)’s design manual (2005), Bangladesh. Since there is a possibility of leaching by dumping a large quantity of fly ash in the pond, the use of fly ash from the power plants to improve soft cohesive soils for road subgrade may be an environment-friendly alternative to its disposal in the ponds.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121948512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.3981.2021
Ajay Krishnan, A. S, Manishankar G, Upendra K, Kabilan A, P. Muralidhar
In India, Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is in practice as a tool for prioritizing and managing real estate projects in construction organizations. But due to insufficient funding, improper judgment of experts during the crisis situation, the selection of optimal project portfolio prototype can be viewed as a risk based decision making process involving various risk factors. The objective of this study is to analyze the importance of project portfolio management and the risks associated with it in the construction industry taking into account the impact of novel corona virus COVID 19. This research identifies the adoption of more consistent project governance, risk management techniques and way more careful project portfolio management as the core area of study. A conceptual framework for Project Portfolio Management is also designed after analyzing various parameters of Project Portfolio Management of construction industry with the help of Bayesian framework. The key motive for undertaking this part of examination on real estate sector of Indian construction industry in southern part of India to reduce the impacts and increase the return on investment from the projects by mitigating the effect of risk factors associated in the projects. Project Portfolio Management tools and techniques are very useful for managing multiple construction projects.
{"title":"IMPACT OF COVID 19 PANDEMIC ON PROJECT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT-A CASE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN SOUTHERN INDIA","authors":"Ajay Krishnan, A. S, Manishankar G, Upendra K, Kabilan A, P. Muralidhar","doi":"10.33736/jcest.3981.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3981.2021","url":null,"abstract":"In India, Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is in practice as a tool for prioritizing and managing real estate projects in construction organizations. But due to insufficient funding, improper judgment of experts during the crisis situation, the selection of optimal project portfolio prototype can be viewed as a risk based decision making process involving various risk factors. The objective of this study is to analyze the importance of project portfolio management and the risks associated with it in the construction industry taking into account the impact of novel corona virus COVID 19. This research identifies the adoption of more consistent project governance, risk management techniques and way more careful project portfolio management as the core area of study. A conceptual framework for Project Portfolio Management is also designed after analyzing various parameters of Project Portfolio Management of construction industry with the help of Bayesian framework. The key motive for undertaking this part of examination on real estate sector of Indian construction industry in southern part of India to reduce the impacts and increase the return on investment from the projects by mitigating the effect of risk factors associated in the projects. Project Portfolio Management tools and techniques are very useful for managing multiple construction projects.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133450230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.3343.2021
R. Abd Rahman, N. Sakim, W. M. Lim, M. M. Mohd Masirin, M. F. Hassan
This study provides the behaviour of university students using smartphone on daily basis and while driving, and exploring their perception towards the road safety of such habits. World Health Organisation states that distracted driving due to smartphone usage has been the uprising cause of road traffic injuries especially among young drivers. This study will provide knowledge in enforcing the right mitigation measures in preventing such behaviour from growing. The results from this study can also be integrated in intelligent transportation system in traffic accident prevention programme. This survey is conducted at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia with a sample size of 371 respondents with majority of them aged 21 to 25 (86.6%) who own smartphone (100%) and private vehicle (59.1%). Results found that university student are dependent of their smartphone on daily basis for alarm (94.3%), communication and socialisation (73.9%). They tend to use their smartphone while driving, at traffic light (68.4%) and during traffic congestion (61.0%), often for maps navigations (69.8%) and to make call (57.4%) in hands-free mode. Despite knowing the danger of this behaviour (97.3%), they ignored the risks and committed such offenses. Hence, the need for education and enforcement are significant and relevant among university students to prevent such behaviours from growing.
{"title":"ROAD SAFETY AND TRAFFIC INJURIES DUE TO DISTRACTED DRIVING OF SMARTPHONE USAGE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS","authors":"R. Abd Rahman, N. Sakim, W. M. Lim, M. M. Mohd Masirin, M. F. Hassan","doi":"10.33736/jcest.3343.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3343.2021","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides the behaviour of university students using smartphone on daily basis and while driving, and exploring their perception towards the road safety of such habits. World Health Organisation states that distracted driving due to smartphone usage has been the uprising cause of road traffic injuries especially among young drivers. This study will provide knowledge in enforcing the right mitigation measures in preventing such behaviour from growing. The results from this study can also be integrated in intelligent transportation system in traffic accident prevention programme. This survey is conducted at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia with a sample size of 371 respondents with majority of them aged 21 to 25 (86.6%) who own smartphone (100%) and private vehicle (59.1%). Results found that university student are dependent of their smartphone on daily basis for alarm (94.3%), communication and socialisation (73.9%). They tend to use their smartphone while driving, at traffic light (68.4%) and during traffic congestion (61.0%), often for maps navigations (69.8%) and to make call (57.4%) in hands-free mode. Despite knowing the danger of this behaviour (97.3%), they ignored the risks and committed such offenses. Hence, the need for education and enforcement are significant and relevant among university students to prevent such behaviours from growing.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114933642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.3342.2021
Wesam Salah Alaloul, M. A. Musarat, M. S. Liew, A. H. Qureshi
Cost overrun is encountered in various construction projects and even with various advancement, the issue remains. When cost overrun occurs in any construction project, it not only affects the project also leaves marks on the construction industry as well. Machinery hire rates are important while finalizing the project budget and when the rates change annually it may result in project cost overrun. Due to these facts, this study investigates the effect of inflation rate on machinery hire rates. Inflation is a powerful influencing factor in deviating the prices and the rates which result in cost overrun. Statistical analysis was performed where the Spearman correlation was used as the data possess a nonlinear behaviour. The overall result came significant as the inflation rate showed a strong relationship with 9 machinery hire rates demonstrating that the inflation rate is the most prominent factor in deviating the rates. Three (3) machinery hire rates showed a moderate relationship, whereas 1 showed a weak relationship with the inflation rate. Therefore, a consideration of the inflation rate should be made in budget estimation.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF INFLATION RATE ON MACHINERY HIRE RATES IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY","authors":"Wesam Salah Alaloul, M. A. Musarat, M. S. Liew, A. H. Qureshi","doi":"10.33736/jcest.3342.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3342.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Cost overrun is encountered in various construction projects and even with various advancement, the issue remains. When cost overrun occurs in any construction project, it not only affects the project also leaves marks on the construction industry as well. Machinery hire rates are important while finalizing the project budget and when the rates change annually it may result in project cost overrun. Due to these facts, this study investigates the effect of inflation rate on machinery hire rates. Inflation is a powerful influencing factor in deviating the prices and the rates which result in cost overrun. Statistical analysis was performed where the Spearman correlation was used as the data possess a nonlinear behaviour. The overall result came significant as the inflation rate showed a strong relationship with 9 machinery hire rates demonstrating that the inflation rate is the most prominent factor in deviating the rates. Three (3) machinery hire rates showed a moderate relationship, whereas 1 showed a weak relationship with the inflation rate. Therefore, a consideration of the inflation rate should be made in budget estimation.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133135171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.3340.2021
Wesam Salah Alaloul, M. A. Musarat, Hussain Mehmood, Muhammad Altaf
Road construction in Pakistan is booming because of China’s One Belt One Road program. Pakistan is in a developing stage and facing a lot of challenges in construction projects, primarily in labour productivity. This research focuses on the factors affecting labour productivity in road construction projects of Pakistan. A questionnaire was developed to observe the impact of critical factors on labour productivity. Based on the gathered responses, the factors were ranked using the Relative Importance Index (RII). The analysis shows that out of thirty (30) factors, the most important five (5) factors that affect labour productivity on road construction are unskilled workforce, payment delays to labour, tools and equipment shortages, poor communication of supervisor with labours and financial difficulties of owner/contractor. By focusing on these critical issues’ betterment can be made in labour productivity which will directly enhance the projects’ performance.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS OF PAKISTAN","authors":"Wesam Salah Alaloul, M. A. Musarat, Hussain Mehmood, Muhammad Altaf","doi":"10.33736/jcest.3340.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3340.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Road construction in Pakistan is booming because of China’s One Belt One Road program. Pakistan is in a developing stage and facing a lot of challenges in construction projects, primarily in labour productivity. This research focuses on the factors affecting labour productivity in road construction projects of Pakistan. A questionnaire was developed to observe the impact of critical factors on labour productivity. Based on the gathered responses, the factors were ranked using the Relative Importance Index (RII). The analysis shows that out of thirty (30) factors, the most important five (5) factors that affect labour productivity on road construction are unskilled workforce, payment delays to labour, tools and equipment shortages, poor communication of supervisor with labours and financial difficulties of owner/contractor. By focusing on these critical issues’ betterment can be made in labour productivity which will directly enhance the projects’ performance.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126793037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.3344.2021
R. Abd Rahman, H. A. Mazle, W. M. Lim, M. M. Mohd Masirin, M. F. Hassan
This descriptive study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of road safety among university students. The study was conducted among students in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia by means of questionnaire disseminated online via social media with shareable link to a Google form. The respondents were self-selected to participate in this study where their responses were self-administrated. Questionnaire consisted of 3 sections included demographic information, knowledge on road signs and road safety law, and road safety awareness. 371 students participated in this study, 66% of them age 23 to 27 years old, 61% were female, 92.5% of respondents have at least one type of license with majority agreed that occurrence of accidents resulted in an increase in road safety awareness. The study found that more than half of the participants could not recognise road sign like parking totally prohibited and speed limit ends here. While, 38% of them correctly identified posted speed limit for expressway. Overall, participants have fair understanding on road safety. Therefore, road safety programmes and education are still relevant to university students as young drivers on the road which is important to increase safety awareness.
{"title":"ROAD SAFETY AWARENESS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: CASE STUDY AT MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA, JOHOR","authors":"R. Abd Rahman, H. A. Mazle, W. M. Lim, M. M. Mohd Masirin, M. F. Hassan","doi":"10.33736/jcest.3344.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3344.2021","url":null,"abstract":"This descriptive study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of road safety among university students. The study was conducted among students in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia by means of questionnaire disseminated online via social media with shareable link to a Google form. The respondents were self-selected to participate in this study where their responses were self-administrated. Questionnaire consisted of 3 sections included demographic information, knowledge on road signs and road safety law, and road safety awareness. 371 students participated in this study, 66% of them age 23 to 27 years old, 61% were female, 92.5% of respondents have at least one type of license with majority agreed that occurrence of accidents resulted in an increase in road safety awareness. The study found that more than half of the participants could not recognise road sign like parking totally prohibited and speed limit ends here. While, 38% of them correctly identified posted speed limit for expressway. Overall, participants have fair understanding on road safety. Therefore, road safety programmes and education are still relevant to university students as young drivers on the road which is important to increase safety awareness.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116277496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.33736/JCEST.3337.2021
L. Sang, T. Idowu, V. Okumu
Abstract — As the construction industry continues to evolve globally, there is a need to develop best practices geared towards achieving sustainable construction. Asphalt concrete’s demand has been increasing steadily with an estimated global demand of 122.5 million tons in 2019. This is driven primarily by the growth in construction activities in developing countries as each country works towards enhancing its transportation facilities to cater to the ever-expanding population. Hence, there are needs to develop newer and more efficient means of asphalt consumption. One of such is identifying cheaper or waste materials for use in Asphalt production. This study, therefore, examined the viability of waste marble dust (WMD), an industrial waste produced during the shaping and polishing of marble blocks and also during its extraction from the mines, as a mineral filler in Hot-mix asphalt (HMA) concrete. Engineering properties such as Marshall stability and flow, Void characteristics, Indirect tensile strength and Tensile strength ratio properties were examined. It was observed that the addition of WMD steadily increased the Marshall Stability and indirect tensile strength values and lowered the voids percentages. The study’s major finding is that waste marble dust is highly suitable as a mineral filler in HMA and a 3% by volume addition of WMD in HMA at 4.5% binder content produced the most optimal mix for use in road pavements.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF WASTE MARBLE DUST AS A MINERAL FILLER IN HOT-MIX ASPHALT CONCRETE","authors":"L. Sang, T. Idowu, V. Okumu","doi":"10.33736/JCEST.3337.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/JCEST.3337.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract — As the construction industry continues to evolve globally, there is a need to develop best practices geared towards achieving sustainable construction. Asphalt concrete’s demand has been increasing steadily with an estimated global demand of 122.5 million tons in 2019. This is driven primarily by the growth in construction activities in developing countries as each country works towards enhancing its transportation facilities to cater to the ever-expanding population. Hence, there are needs to develop newer and more efficient means of asphalt consumption. One of such is identifying cheaper or waste materials for use in Asphalt production. This study, therefore, examined the viability of waste marble dust (WMD), an industrial waste produced during the shaping and polishing of marble blocks and also during its extraction from the mines, as a mineral filler in Hot-mix asphalt (HMA) concrete. Engineering properties such as Marshall stability and flow, Void characteristics, Indirect tensile strength and Tensile strength ratio properties were examined. It was observed that the addition of WMD steadily increased the Marshall Stability and indirect tensile strength values and lowered the voids percentages. The study’s major finding is that waste marble dust is highly suitable as a mineral filler in HMA and a 3% by volume addition of WMD in HMA at 4.5% binder content produced the most optimal mix for use in road pavements.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133115034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.33736/jcest.2618.2020
Stefanus Barlian Soeryamassoeka, R. W. Triweko, D. Yudianto
Rainfall is a difficult parameter to measure, due to large spatial and temporal variations. Lack of data availability, data incompletely, less spreading of station, less observer, and manual data entry are other problems for rainfall predicting. To encourage these problems rainfall satellite can be used, because it has high temporal and spatial resolution, widely coverage, near real-time and fast accessibility. This research was conducted in the upper Kapuas River Basin, West Kalimantan, to determine how TRMM satellite-derived rainfall compares with ground-measured values and the possibility of using it to complement ground-measured rainfall. The statistical analyses and correction factor development for TRMM data are conducted to validate and correct the TRMM data on eleven sub basin in Kapuas River basin. Validation showed high correlation between TRMM and gauge data. Validation shows a high correlation and lowest RMSE between TRMM and gauge data in the sub basin adjacent to the gauge station (r= 0.76-0.8, RMSE 0,84-0,92). The results of the analysis also show that after correction, the corrected TRMM data errors were reduced for the eleven rainfall
{"title":"VALIDATION OF TROPICAL RAINFALL MEASURING MISSION (TRMM) DATA IN THE UPPER KAPUAS RIVER BASIN","authors":"Stefanus Barlian Soeryamassoeka, R. W. Triweko, D. Yudianto","doi":"10.33736/jcest.2618.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.2618.2020","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall is a difficult parameter to measure, due to large spatial and temporal variations. Lack of data availability, data incompletely, less spreading of station, less observer, and manual data entry are other problems for rainfall predicting. To encourage these problems rainfall satellite can be used, because it has high temporal and spatial resolution, widely coverage, near real-time and fast accessibility. This research was conducted in the upper Kapuas River Basin, West Kalimantan, to determine how TRMM satellite-derived rainfall compares with ground-measured values and the possibility of using it to complement ground-measured rainfall. The statistical analyses and correction factor development for TRMM data are conducted to validate and correct the TRMM data on eleven sub basin in Kapuas River basin. Validation showed high correlation between TRMM and gauge data. Validation shows a high correlation and lowest RMSE between TRMM and gauge data in the sub basin adjacent to the gauge station (r= 0.76-0.8, RMSE 0,84-0,92). The results of the analysis also show that after correction, the corrected TRMM data errors were reduced for the eleven rainfall","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123066511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction projects are getting progressively complex and their scales are getting sophisticated. Along these lines, it is getting more problematic to finish the projects inside planned cost limits. In Oromia public building construction projects these problems were raised as a typical challenge. Hence, evaluation of factors affecting the accuracy of cost estimation in public projects was the aim of this study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were utilized for information assortment. Relative Importance Index (RII) was utilized for information investigation. Totally sixty -two variables were investigated and the best five most significant were selected by this assessment based on the average view of respondents. These significant factors are; Material price/accessibility /source /quality /imports, Experience and ability of the consultant, Variability in the Economy of the country, and financial conditions of client. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (rho) investigation was conducted by the assistance of SPSS 20 version for a testing level of connections among respondents on the positioning of the factors affecting the accuracy of cost estimation. Spearman’s rank correlation results were 0.823 among Clients and Consultants, 0.813 among clients and contractors, and 0.802 among Consultants and Contractors. The outcome shows that the rate of the rank correlations was a high positive number, which implies there is a positive connection between them on the ranking of factors disturbing the accurateness of cost estimation in public building construction projects in western Oromia.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING ACCURACY OF COST ESTIMATION IN PUBLIC BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN WESTERN OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA","authors":"Jifara Chimdi, Sisay Girma, Alemu Mosisa, Degefe Mitiku","doi":"10.33736/jcest.2617.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcest.2617.2020","url":null,"abstract":"Construction projects are getting progressively complex and their scales are getting sophisticated. Along these lines, it is getting more problematic to finish the projects inside planned cost limits. In Oromia public building construction projects these problems were raised as a typical challenge. Hence, evaluation of factors affecting the accuracy of cost estimation in public projects was the aim of this study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were utilized for information assortment. Relative Importance Index (RII) was utilized for information investigation. Totally sixty -two variables were investigated and the best five most significant were selected by this assessment based on the average view of respondents. These significant factors are; Material price/accessibility /source /quality /imports, Experience and ability of the consultant, Variability in the Economy of the country, and financial conditions of client. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (rho) investigation was conducted by the assistance of SPSS 20 version for a testing level of connections among respondents on the positioning of the factors affecting the accuracy of cost estimation. Spearman’s rank correlation results were 0.823 among Clients and Consultants, 0.813 among clients and contractors, and 0.802 among Consultants and Contractors. The outcome shows that the rate of the rank correlations was a high positive number, which implies there is a positive connection between them on the ranking of factors disturbing the accurateness of cost estimation in public building construction projects in western Oromia.","PeriodicalId":346729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124269791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：