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2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)最新文献

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Competence Based Worker Assignment and Impacts on Production Scheduling in Precast Construction 装配式施工中基于能力的工人分配及其对生产计划的影响
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488407
Zhaojing Wang, Hao Hu, J. Gong
Current precast production planning methodologies have limited applicability in practice owing to the neglect of human factors and the separate consideration of scheduling and worker assignment. This study systematically defines the employee competence involving the individual experience in each type of operation, learning rate, professional skills and operation specifications, to evaluate the impact of workers on the processing time of each operation. Further, a competence-based worker assignment model (CIWA_PP) is proposed to optimize the worker allocation from the short-term (time-oriented) and long-term (competence-oriented) views. Finally, the superior of the proposed model is validated by a real case study. The results indicate that the CIWA_PP model can achieve 58.3% and 56.2% time savings in these two scenarios respectively, compared with the traditional methods ignoring the impact of human factors in existing studies. The developed model fills the research gaps on the impact of human factors on production and enhances the long-term human resource development.
目前的预制件生产计划方法由于忽视人为因素和单独考虑调度和工人分配,在实践中的适用性有限。本研究系统定义员工胜任力,包括员工在各类作业中的个人经验、学习率、专业技能和作业规范,以评估员工对各项作业处理时间的影响。在此基础上,提出了基于能力的工人分配模型(CIWA_PP),从短期(时间导向)和长期(能力导向)两个角度对工人分配进行优化。最后,通过实际案例验证了该模型的优越性。结果表明,与现有研究中忽略人为因素影响的传统方法相比,CIWA_PP模型在这两种场景下分别可节省58.3%和56.2%的时间。该模型填补了人力要素对生产影响的研究空白,促进了人力资源的长期开发。
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引用次数: 3
Engineers as Entrepreneurs 作为企业家的工程师
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488415
Beth-Anne Schuelke-Leech
In recent years, there have been efforts to incorporate entrepreneurship into engineering. This paper looks at how engineers approach and discuss entrepreneurship, in comparison to general entrepreneurs and high tech entrepreneurs. The analysis uses text data analytics to analyze the discussions of online blogs and articles for specific domain communities. The results show that engineers emphasize the discovery and development of technologies, while other entrepreneurs put more focus on start-up issues and funding. These differences deserve further research
近年来,人们一直在努力将企业家精神融入工程领域。本文着眼于工程师如何对待和讨论企业家精神,与一般企业家和高科技企业家进行比较。该分析使用文本数据分析来分析针对特定领域社区的在线博客和文章的讨论。结果显示,工程师更重视技术的发现和发展,而其他企业家则更关注创业问题和资金。这些差异值得进一步研究
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引用次数: 0
Practical Application of a Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management System 平衡计分卡作为战略管理系统的实际应用
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488423
M. Wehde
A case study using a balanced scorecard approach to strategic management is described for an engineering development organization supporting a major academic healthcare center. While balanced scorecards are well described in the literature, this paper shows how one organization, the Mayo Clinic Division of Engineering, has applied these principles to develop an effective means of capturing and tracking the execution of tactics tied to our strategic plan. The challenges of developing a set of operational objectives and a framework for balancing the organization's strategic objectives, operational objectives, ongoing business processes, and project portfolio will be described.
本文描述了一个使用平衡计分卡方法进行战略管理的案例研究,该案例涉及一个支持主要学术医疗保健中心的工程开发组织。虽然平衡计分卡在文献中有很好的描述,但本文展示了一个组织,梅奥诊所工程部,如何应用这些原则来开发一种有效的方法来捕获和跟踪与我们的战略计划相关的战术的执行。将描述开发一组操作目标和框架以平衡组织的战略目标、操作目标、正在进行的业务过程和项目组合的挑战。
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引用次数: 2
Hybridizing Meta-RaPS with Machine Learning Algorithms 混合Meta-RaPS和机器学习算法
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488390
Fatemah Al-Duoli, G. Rabadi, M. Seck, Holly A. H. Handley
Merging a metaheuristic with machine learning algorithms is typically done to improve the machine learning algorithms. This work, however, takes the reverse approach and aims at utilizing machine learning algorithms to improve metaheuristics. The objective of this research is to demonstrate an effective approach to hybridize metaheuristics with machine learning. The metaheuristic of choice is Metaheuristic for Randomized Priority Search (Meta-RaPS) and the machine learning algorithms are Decision Trees (supervised learning) and Association Rules (unsupervised learning). Demonstrating the performance of the algorithms is done by solving the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). This paper starts by describing the Vehicle Routing Problem and then subsequent sections discuss the algorithms used and the computational experiments executed.
将元启发式算法与机器学习算法合并通常是为了改进机器学习算法。然而,这项工作采取了相反的方法,旨在利用机器学习算法来改进元启发式。本研究的目的是展示一种将元启发式与机器学习相结合的有效方法。选择的元启发式是随机优先搜索的元启发式(Meta-RaPS),机器学习算法是决策树(监督学习)和关联规则(无监督学习)。通过求解车辆路径问题(Vehicle Routing Problem, VRP)来验证算法的性能。本文首先描述车辆路线问题,然后讨论所使用的算法和执行的计算实验。
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引用次数: 5
Robust Project Planning under Resource Constraints 资源约束下的稳健项目规划
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488454
Izack Cohen, Noemie Balouka
This paper deals with the stochastic multimode resource constrained project scheduling problem (MRCPSP). Stochasticity is manifested by uncertain activity durations. The objective is to find a minimal duration robust project plan that determines activity modes and schedules. Robustness ensures that the plan is feasible for any activity duration realization within an uncertainty set. We formulate the robust MRCPSP and develop an analytical solution approach.
研究了随机多模资源约束项目调度问题。随机性表现为活动持续时间的不确定性。目标是找到确定活动模式和进度的最小持续时间健壮的项目计划。鲁棒性确保计划在不确定性集合内的任何活动持续时间实现都是可行的。我们制定了稳健的MRCPSP并开发了一种分析解决方法。
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引用次数: 0
A computing model: the closed-loop optimal control for large-scale one-of-a-kind production based on multilevel hierarchical PERT-Petri net 基于多层次PERT-Petri网的大规模单一性生产闭环最优控制计算模型
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488428
Ying Mei, Jiawei Ye, Zhigang Zeng
Although research on large-scale one-of-a-kind production (OKP) control have been carried out for many decades, there is still a gap between research and application. Large-scale OKP challenges real-time production dynamic control. The difficulty lies in two aspects. First, large-scale OKP is generally characterized by product design uncertainty and changes in resource availability. Second, specific types of large-scale OKP provides discrete production with complicated structures. There is the complicated work breakdown structure (WBS) of top-down & simple-to-complex refinement. Moreover, the production task relation structure in WBS, which consists of tandem structure, parallel structure and double-level-nested parallel structure, is complex. Indeed, many large-scale OKP enterprises do not have an effective method to both control and plan adjustment for dealing with the progress of OKP operations under different workforce allocation and working time scenarios. We propose a cost dynamic control and optimization method based on the multilevel hierarchical PERT-Petri net (MLHPP) to achieve a closed-loop production dynamic control structure in OKP. The proposed modeling method and algorithms, through an industrial implementation in shipbuilding interim production (e.g., a ship block building), demonstrate a computing model for structuring and controlling large-scale OKP.
虽然大规模单件生产(OKP)控制的研究已经进行了几十年,但研究与应用之间仍然存在差距。大规模OKP对生产的实时动态控制提出了挑战。困难在于两个方面。首先,大规模OKP通常具有产品设计不确定性和资源可用性变化的特征。第二,特定类型的大规模OKP提供了结构复杂的离散生产。一种是复杂的工作分解结构(WBS),即自上而下和从简单到复杂的细化。WBS中的生产任务关系结构复杂,包括串联结构、并行结构和双层嵌套并行结构。事实上,许多大型OKP企业并没有一种有效的方法来控制和计划调整,以处理不同劳动力分配和工作时间情景下的OKP操作进度。提出了一种基于多层次PERT-Petri网(MLHPP)的成本动态控制与优化方法,以实现闭环生产动态控制结构。所提出的建模方法和算法,通过在造船中期生产(如船舶砌块建造)中的工业实现,证明了构建和控制大规模OKP的计算模型。
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引用次数: 3
Towards Financial Inclusion-based Monetization Model for Startups Drive 创业驱动下基于金融包容性的货币化模式
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488445
Jean Marie Tshimula, A. Togashi, Numfor Solange Ayuni
More and more, we see an increase in demonstrated interests on startups in Africa, with brilliant business ideas, massive startups germinating, striving to survive in a complex African context. Factors such as low network coverage, limited credit card usage are the major pitfalls rendering startups penetration and survival a dilemma. Telecoms have been the buttress of network penetration so far, with innovative technologies like mobile money services not fully utilized but which can provide a breakthrough to e-commerce penetration grapple, for startups success. This paper, therefore, investigates the state of startup activities, drawbacks and hence provide a breakthrough solution through model formulation involving active players, to awaken and redirect focus to tapping existing and available resources and technologies, facilitating penetration and startups propelling.
我们越来越多地看到,人们对非洲创业公司的兴趣在增加,有很多优秀的商业想法,大量的创业公司正在萌芽,努力在复杂的非洲环境中生存。网络覆盖率低、信用卡使用有限等因素是初创公司渗透和生存困境的主要陷阱。到目前为止,电信一直是网络渗透的支柱,移动支付服务等创新技术尚未得到充分利用,但可以为电子商务渗透提供突破,为创业公司的成功提供帮助。因此,本文研究了创业活动的现状和缺陷,并通过积极参与者的模型构建提供了一个突破性的解决方案,以唤醒和重新将焦点转向利用现有和可用的资源和技术,促进渗透和创业推动。
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引用次数: 2
Assessment of biotechnologies: a therapeutic monoclonal antibody emerging score 生物技术评估:治疗性单克隆抗体新兴评分
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488437
C. G. Pereira, J. Lavoie, Edwin Garces, Marina Dabic, G. Porto, T. Daim
This paper focuses on quantifying critical factors using expert's opinions to develop an emergence score to select/rank promising therapeutic mAbs on a patent-level using hierarchical decision model. Six attributes related to each factor concerning the patent status, patent owner's profile and the mAbs medical relevance were analyzed. Our data shows the medical relevance as the most important factor for a mAb to be considered emerging. And, among the six attributes, the most important under the patent status were geographic coverage and patent scope; for the assignee's profile, were strategic alliances and preexistence of approved drugs; and for medical relevance, the clinical phase performance and the mAb cellular mechanism were the most relevant. The results will provide enough information to rank any patent related to the field according to the emergence score defined by the attributes importance. Our data can be associated with forecasting tools such as patent analysis to improve the identification and anticipation of future innovations pathways in this sector
本文的重点是利用专家的意见量化关键因素,开发一个涌现评分,以在专利水平上使用分层决策模型选择/排名有前途的治疗性单克隆抗体。分析了与专利状态、专利权人概况和单克隆抗体医学相关性相关的每个因素的六个属性。我们的数据显示,医学相关性是考虑出现单抗的最重要因素。在6个属性中,地理覆盖范围和专利范围对专利状态影响最大;对于受让人的简介,是战略联盟和已批准药物的预先存在;在医学相关性方面,临床阶段表现和单抗细胞机制最相关。结果将提供足够的信息,根据属性重要性定义的出现分数对与该领域相关的任何专利进行排名。我们的数据可以与专利分析等预测工具相关联,以提高对该领域未来创新途径的识别和预测
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引用次数: 1
How to Identify Spurious Transportation Public-Private Partnership Projects 如何识别虚假的交通公私合作项目
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488438
Qingxue Liang, Hao Hu
Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is effective in delivering infrastructure projects. In China, PPP has been widely adopted in project finance ever since the government has permitted private sectors to get involved in the urban infrastructure investment and operation. However, there seems to be many spurious PPP projects emerging in the market, which may bring about losses to the stakeholders and lead PPP away from orderly and standardized development. This paper attempts to address this issue by investigating two infrastructure PPP projects and analyzing the characteristics of genuine and spurious PPP projects. An evaluation framework for PPP is established and then suggestions for better promotion of PPP in developing countries are proposed. Recommendations for mass implementation of PPP and ways of identifying spurious PPP projects are summarized to guide the regulation of infrastructure PPP projects. The paper also provides a reference for project selection and policy-making in the future.
公私伙伴关系(PPP)在提供基础设施项目方面是有效的。在中国,自从政府允许私营部门参与城市基础设施投资和运营以来,PPP模式在项目融资中被广泛采用。然而,市场上似乎出现了许多虚假的PPP项目,这可能会给利益相关者带来损失,并导致PPP远离有序和规范的发展。本文试图通过对两个基础设施PPP项目的考察,分析真假PPP项目的特点,来解决这一问题。建立了PPP的评估框架,并提出了在发展中国家更好地推广PPP的建议。总结了大规模实施PPP的建议和甄别虚假PPP项目的方法,以指导基础设施PPP项目的监管。为今后的项目选择和决策提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
An Innovation Paradigm in a Learning Community 学习型社区中的创新范式
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488419
P. Frijns, Robert E. Bierwolf, F. van Leeuwen
Project Management offers the opportunity to continuously learn as clearly pointed to by such activities as project evaluations or retrospectives. However, it does require a conscious decision to do so, thus reserving time and space and effort. The article presents and concludes, from the context and practice in the Dutch Government, that consciously embedding a learning perspective as part of any typical high risk and large project or program can be a major contributing factor towards the (perception of) success thereof. To-date a community of over 450 peer and trained reviewers have come to grow supporting the path through combining the controlling, efficient and learning perspectives towards a performing organization. The article concludes that this where the Senior Responsible Owner of the project plays a key role to determine the balance with all the control measures to be selected and to be deployed, as well as the drive for efficiency in running the project.
项目管理提供了通过项目评估或回顾等活动明确指出的持续学习的机会。然而,它确实需要有意识地决定这样做,从而保留时间、空间和精力。本文从荷兰政府的背景和实践中提出并得出结论,有意识地将学习视角作为任何典型的高风险大型项目或计划的一部分,可以成为其成功(感知)的主要因素。到目前为止,一个由450多名同行和训练有素的审稿人组成的社区已经通过将控制、高效和学习的观点结合到一个执行组织中来支持这条道路。文章的结论是,项目的高级负责人在决定所有要选择和部署的控制措施之间的平衡以及项目运行效率的驱动方面起着关键作用。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)
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