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Optimality conditions in multiobjective programming models with semi-infinite constraints using generalized (h,φ)-G-type I functions 使用广义 (h,φ)-G-type I 函数的具有半无限约束条件的多目标程序设计模型中的最优性条件
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100395
Tareq Saeed , Vinay Singh , Savin Treanţă , Solomon Lalmalsawma

In this paper, we introduce a new class of generalized (h,φ)-G-type I vector-valued functions, by combining the notions of (h,φ)-differentiable functions, G-invex functions, and type I functions. By using these new concepts, we formulate and prove the sufficient optimality conditions for the considered problem (GMP)h,φ. In addition, we investigate a dual problem of Mond–Weir type, called (GMWD)h,φ, and establish several duality results.

本文结合(h,φ)可微函数、G-凸函数和 I 型函数的概念,引入了一类新的广义(h,φ)-G-I 型向量值函数。利用这些新概念,我们提出并证明了所考虑问题 (GMP)h,φ 的充分最优条件。此外,我们还研究了蒙德-韦尔类型的对偶问题,即 (GMWD)h,φ,并建立了几个对偶性结果。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of optimal working vacation service rate for retrial priority G-queue with immediate Bernoulli feedback 检测具有即时伯努利反馈的重审优先 G 队列的最佳工作假期服务率
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100397
Divya Agarwal, Radhika Agarwal, Shweta Upadhyaya

The idea behind the proposed queueing model is its adequacy in daily existent workplaces like hospitals, banks, and multinational companies where the service quality of computer networks and telecommunication systems are to be improved. The study consists of an MX/G/1 retrial G-queue with preemptive priority arrivals where the service provider takes a working vacation and the vacation may get interrupted. The novelty of the proposed model lies as it anticipates state-dependent arrivals wherein unsatisfied clients may come up with immediate Bernoulli feedback. Also, the concept of preemptive priority is included which can be seen in various service systems of day-to-day life. The supplementary variable technique (SVT) is used to unfold the model and obtain the system performance indices and reliability measures. In continuation, the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is used to obtain the optimal working vacation service rate and retrial rate under two scalar optimization problems where the system works under minimal cost and minimal awaiting time respectively. Lastly, the Pareto optimal solution of a bi-objective problem is also presented.

所提出的队列模型背后的理念是,该模型适用于医院、银行和跨国公司等日常工作场所,在这些场所中,计算机网络和电信系统的服务质量有待提高。该研究包括一个具有抢先到达优先权的 MX/G/1 重审 G 型队列,在该队列中,服务提供商需要工作休假,而休假可能会被中断。所提模型的新颖之处在于它预测了与状态有关的到达,其中不满意的客户可能会立即提出伯努利反馈。此外,它还包含了抢先优先的概念,这在日常生活中的各种服务系统中都可以看到。补充变量技术(SVT)用于展开模型并获得系统性能指标和可靠性指标。接着,灰狼优化(GWO)算法被用来在两个标量优化问题下获得最佳工作假期服务率和重审率,这两个问题分别是系统在最小成本和最小等待时间下工作。最后,还提出了一个双目标问题的帕累托最优解。
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引用次数: 0
Graphical approach to the study of fixed point results involving hybrid contractions 用图形方法研究涉及混合收缩的定点结果
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100394
Jamilu Abubakar Jiddah , Mohammed Shehu Shagari

In this work, a new class of general contractive mappings, with the name Jaggi-Suzuki-type hybrid (K-α-ϕ)-contractive mapping is discussed in metric space equipped with a graph and new criteria for which the mapping is a Picard operator are studied. The superiority of this type of contractive mapping lies in the fact that its contractive inequality can be fixed in different ways, depending on the specified constants. Substantial illustrations are furnished to validate the axioms of our obtained ideas and to show their difference from the existing concepts. Supplementarily, some corollaries which collapse our obtained notion to recently propounded results in the literature are brought out and analysed.

在这项研究中,我们讨论了在配有图形的度量空间中的一类新的广义收缩映射,其名称为 Jaggi-Suzuki 型混合(K-α-j)收缩映射,并研究了映射是皮卡尔算子的新标准。这类收缩映射的优越性在于它的收缩不等式可以根据指定常数以不同方式固定。我们还提供了大量例证,以验证我们所获观点的公理,并说明它们与现有概念的区别。此外,我们还提出并分析了一些推论,这些推论将我们获得的概念与最近在文献中提出的结果进行了折叠。
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引用次数: 0
QUBO formulations for a system of linear equations 线性方程组的 QUBO 公式
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100380
Kyungtaek Jun

With the advent of quantum computers, many quantum computing algorithms are being developed. Solving linear systems is one of the most fundamental problems in modern science and engineering. The Harrow Hassidim-Lloyd algorithm, a monumental quantum algorithm for solving linear systems on gate model quantum computers, was invented and several advanced variations have been developed. The algorithm was difficult to apply to general linear equations because it required various conditions for the matrix. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm that can be applied to all linear systems. For a given general square matrix ARn×n and a vector bRn, we will find quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) models for a vector xRn that satisfies Ax=b. To formulate QUBO models for solving linear systems, we made use of a linear least-square problem with binary representation of the solution. We validated those QUBO models on the d-Wave system and discussed the results. For a simple system, we provide a Python code to calculate the matrix characterizing the relationship between the variables, and to print the test code that can be used directly in the d-Wave system.

随着量子计算机的出现,许多量子计算算法正在被开发出来。求解线性系统是现代科学和工程中最基本的问题之一。哈罗-哈西迪姆-劳埃德算法是在门模型量子计算机上求解线性方程组的一种不朽的量子算法。该算法很难应用于一般线性方程,因为它需要矩阵的各种条件。在本文中,我们介绍了一种可应用于所有线性系统的新算法。对于给定的一般正方形矩阵 A∈Rn×n 和向量 b→∈Rn,我们将为满足 Ax→=b→ 的向量 x→∈Rn 寻找二次无约束二元优化(QUBO)模型。为了建立求解线性系统的 QUBO 模型,我们利用了线性最小二乘法问题的二进制解。我们在 d-Wave 系统上验证了这些 QUBO 模型,并对结果进行了讨论。对于一个简单的系统,我们提供了一个 Python 代码,用于计算表征变量之间关系的矩阵,并打印可直接用于 d-Wave 系统的测试代码。
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引用次数: 0
Analysing spectral parameters of decane—A graph theoretical perspective 分析癸烷的光谱参数--图论视角
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100392
B.I. Andrew, A. Anuradha

Hydrocarbons are one of the subclasses of organic compounds that comprise exactly of hydrogen and carbon. Alkanes are one of the types of hydrocarbons that have chemical formula CnH2n+2. Isomers are molecules with identical chemical formula but different structural arrangements, leading to variations in their spectral properties as their corresponding molecular graphs also differ in structure. This exploration is motivated by the understanding that variations in structural configurations manifest as differences in spectral properties, as evidenced by alterations in their respective molecular graphs. Alkanes with ten carbon atoms are called decanes. Our study employs a multifaceted approach, encompassing the determination of spectral properties and the calculation of eigenvalue-based entropy for the C10H22 decane isomers. This analysis is undertaken with the goal of unravelling the intricate relationships between structural variations and corresponding spectral bounds. Notably, our investigation extends beyond the realm of molecular structures to draw connections with physico-chemical properties. Through meticulous comparison of the obtained spectral data with the known characteristics of C10H22 isomers, we unveil interesting correlations among the characteristics. We establish that the spectral gap, a key parameter in our study, intriguingly exhibits a maximal correlation with the refractive index of the isomers. This finding not only enhances our understanding of the spectral intricacies of decane isomers but also underscores the practical implications of such research. The correlation between spectral gap and refractive index opens avenues for predicting and manipulating the optical properties of hydrocarbons, offering potential applications in diverse fields, from materials science to optics. In essence, this study bridges the gap between molecular structure and macroscopic properties, shedding light on the intricate interplay between isomeric variations and their consequential effects on spectral characteristics.

碳氢化合物是有机化合物的一个亚类,由氢和碳组成。烷烃是碳氢化合物的一种,其化学式为 CnH2n+2。同分异构体是指化学式相同但结构排列不同的分子,由于其相应的分子图形在结构上也存在差异,从而导致其光谱特性的变化。结构构型的变化表现为光谱性质的不同,而各自分子图谱的变化则证明了这一点,因此我们进行了这一探索。具有十个碳原子的烷烃被称为癸烷。我们的研究采用了一种多方面的方法,包括确定 C10H22 癸烷异构体的光谱特性和计算基于特征值的熵。进行这一分析的目的是揭示结构变化与相应光谱边界之间错综复杂的关系。值得注意的是,我们的研究超越了分子结构的范畴,与物理化学性质建立了联系。通过将获得的光谱数据与 C10H22 异构体的已知特征进行细致比较,我们揭示了这些特征之间有趣的关联。我们发现,光谱间隙(我们研究中的一个关键参数)与异构体的折射率呈现出最大的相关性,这一点非常有趣。这一发现不仅加深了我们对癸烷异构体光谱复杂性的理解,还强调了此类研究的实际意义。光谱间隙与折射率之间的相关性为预测和操纵碳氢化合物的光学特性开辟了道路,为从材料科学到光学等不同领域提供了潜在的应用。从本质上讲,这项研究在分子结构和宏观特性之间架起了一座桥梁,揭示了异构体变化之间错综复杂的相互作用及其对光谱特性的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic algorithm based tuning of sliding mode controllers for a boost converter of PV system using internet of things environment 利用物联网环境,基于遗传算法调整光伏系统升压转换器的滑模控制器
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100389
Roberto Inomoto , Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho , José Roberto Monteiro , Eduardo C. Marques da Costa

This paper proposes a novel controller optimization of boost converter by tunning two controllers of voltage and current in PV (Photovoltaic) boost converters: Sliding Mode Control (SMC) or Sliding Mode plus Proportional-Integrative. Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization is applied in a Internet of Things (IoT) context, in which the server side consists of running the GA and thereafter used to tune the SMC and SMPIC of the PV plant boost converter. Communication between the IoT (PV plant) and cloud server comprises to the acquired currents and voltages from PV to the server and controllers parameters from server to IoT. Data from the IoT is applied to calculate the fitness function for a given solution, which learns the solar plant (machine learning). Experimental results using hardware are considered, in order to evaluate the performance, and results are compared between heuristic and deterministic parameters from SMC or SMPIC, proving the reduction of overshoot and settling time.

本文通过调整光伏升压转换器中的两个电压和电流控制器,提出了一种新型升压转换器控制器优化方法:滑动模式控制 (SMC) 或滑动模式加比例积分。遗传算法(GA)优化应用于物联网(IoT)环境,其中服务器端包括运行遗传算法,然后用于调整光伏电站升压转换器的 SMC 和 SMPIC。物联网(光伏电站)和云服务器之间的通信包括从光伏电站到服务器的电流和电压以及从服务器到物联网的控制器参数。来自物联网的数据用于计算给定解决方案的适应度函数,从而学习太阳能电站(机器学习)。为了评估性能,考虑了使用硬件的实验结果,并对启发式参数和来自 SMC 或 SMPIC 的确定性参数进行了比较,证明了过冲和稳定时间的减少。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical solution of nonlinear Hunter-Saxton equation, Benjamin-Bona Mahony equation, and Klein-Gordon equation using Hosoya polynomial method 使用细谷多项式方法数值求解非线性亨特-萨克斯顿方程、本杰明-博纳-马霍尼方程和克莱因-戈登方程
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100388
AN Nirmala, S. Kumbinarasaiah

Models of nonlinear partial differential equations are essential in the theoretical sciences, especially Physics and Mathematics. It is exceedingly challenging to arrive at an analytical solution. For this reason, scientists are constantly looking for new computational techniques. For specific nonlinear mathematical models, such as the extensively researched Hunter-Saxton equation (HSE), Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation (BBME), and Klein-Gordon equation (KGE), we are putting forth a novel and effective graph theoretic polynomial method named the Hosoya polynomial collocation method (HPCM). The orthonormalized Hosoya polynomials of the path graph and their operational matrices serve as the functional foundation for the new HPCM. The considered nonlinear models were transformed into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations using the operational matrix approximation and an appropriate collocation approach to reach the approximate solution. Six numerical examples verified the HPCM's productivity. Compared to the current numerical approaches in the literature, the results are significantly more efficient and almost match the analytical solution.

非线性偏微分方程模型是理论科学,尤其是物理学和数学中必不可少的。要获得解析解,难度极大。因此,科学家们一直在寻找新的计算技术。针对特定的非线性数学模型,如研究广泛的亨特-萨克斯顿方程(HSE)、本杰明-博纳-马霍尼方程(BBME)和克莱因-戈登方程(KGE),我们提出了一种新颖有效的图论多项式方法,即细谷多项式配位法(HPCM)。路径图的正规范化细谷多项式及其运算矩阵是新 HPCM 的函数基础。利用运算矩阵近似法和适当的配位法,将所考虑的非线性模型转化为非线性代数方程系统,从而得到近似解。六个数值实例验证了 HPCM 的生产力。与目前文献中的数值方法相比,其结果明显更有效,几乎与分析解相吻合。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing LQR controllers: A comparative study 优化 LQR 控制器:比较研究
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100387
Sanjay Joseph Chacko , Neeraj P.C. , Rajesh Joseph Abraham

Linear Quadratic Regulator is one of the most common ways to control a linear system. Despite Linear Quadratic Regulator’s (LQR) strong performance and solid resilience, developing these controllers have been challenging, largely because there is no reliable way to choose the Q and R weighing matrices. In this regard a deterministic method is used for choosing them in this paper, providing the designers a precise control over performance variables. An Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimisation is also used to find the sub-optimal gain matrices along with an analytical approach based on neural networks. A comparative study of the three approaches is performed using MATLAB simulations. These three approaches are applied on an inverted pendulum–cart system due to its complexity and dexterity. The results show that all the three methods show comparable performances with the proposed analytical method being slightly better in terms of transient characteristics.

线性二次调节器是控制线性系统最常用的方法之一。尽管线性二次调节器(LQR)具有强大的性能和稳固的弹性,但开发这些控制器一直是一项挑战,主要是因为没有可靠的方法来选择 Q 和 R 权重矩阵。为此,本文采用了一种确定性方法来选择它们,为设计人员提供了对性能变量的精确控制。人工蜂群(ABC)优化法和基于神经网络的分析方法也用于寻找次优增益矩阵。通过 MATLAB 仿真对这三种方法进行了比较研究。由于倒立摆-小车系统的复杂性和灵巧性,这三种方法都被应用于该系统。结果表明,这三种方法的性能相当,而所提出的分析方法在瞬态特性方面略胜一筹。
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引用次数: 0
Radon transform based malware classification in cyber-physical system using deep learning 利用深度学习在网络物理系统中进行基于 Radon 变换的恶意软件分类
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100382
Rasim Alguliyev, Ramiz Aliguliyev, Lyudmila Sukhostat

The development of cyber-physical systems entails the growth and diversity of malware, which increases the scale of cybersecurity threats. Attackers use malicious software to compromise various components of cyber-physical systems. Existing technologies make it possible to reduce the risk of malware infection using vulnerability and intrusion scanners, network analyzers, and other tools. However, there is no perfect protection against the increasingly sophisticated types of malware. The goal of this research is to solve this problem by combining different visual representations of malware and detection models based on transfer learning. This method considers two pre-trained deep neural network models (AlexNet and MobileNet) that are capable of differentiating various malware families using grayscale images. Radon transform is applied to the resulting grayscale malware images to improve the classification accuracy of the new malware binaries. The proposed model is evaluated using three datasets (Microsoft Malware Classification, IoT_Malware and MalNet-Image datasets). The results show the superiority of the proposed model based on transfer learning over other methods in terms of the efficiency of classifying malware families aimed at infecting cyber-physical systems.

网络物理系统的发展带来了恶意软件的增长和多样性,从而扩大了网络安全威胁的规模。攻击者利用恶意软件破坏网络物理系统的各种组件。现有技术可以利用漏洞和入侵扫描仪、网络分析仪和其他工具降低恶意软件感染的风险。然而,面对日益复杂的恶意软件类型,并没有完美的防护措施。本研究的目标是通过结合不同的恶意软件可视化表示和基于迁移学习的检测模型来解决这一问题。该方法考虑了两个预先训练好的深度神经网络模型(AlexNet 和 MobileNet),它们能够利用灰度图像区分不同的恶意软件系列。对得到的灰度恶意软件图像进行 Radon 变换,以提高新恶意软件二进制的分类准确性。我们使用三个数据集(微软恶意软件分类、物联网恶意软件和 MalNet-Image 数据集)对所提出的模型进行了评估。结果表明,在对旨在感染网络物理系统的恶意软件系列进行分类的效率方面,基于迁移学习提出的模型优于其他方法。
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引用次数: 0
Priority-aware scheduling method based on linguistic interval type 2 fuzzy logic systems for dense industrial IoT networks employing soft computing 基于语言区间 2 型模糊逻辑系统的优先级感知调度方法,适用于采用软计算的密集型工业物联网网络
Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rico.2024.100391
Sudipta Roy , Duc-Phuc Vuong , Dipak Kumar Jana

The forthcoming era of industrialization is marked by intelligent production, with the manufacturing industry and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) driving the creation and innovation of new concepts and systems. One innovative solution addressing the demands of industrial settings is the time-slotted channel hopping (TSCH) protocol, known for its ultra-low power consumption and reliable communication. However, the scheduling mechanism at the core of TSCH requires substantial time for every node. In this study, we propose a sustainable scheduling method for Industrial IoT networks called Linguistic Interval Type 2 Fuzzy Logic System (LIT2FLS) based Priority Aware TSCH (LIT2FLPAS). The suggested method aims to promote service diversification to extend battery life and reduce delay. The significance of each node is determined by the LIT2FLS method, which allocates the required number of slots based on priority and the volume of generated traffic. We compare our proposed LIT2FLPAS algorithm with two state-of-the-art scheduling functions, Scheduling Function-Zero (SF0) and Low Latency Scheduling Function (LLSF). The results demonstrate that LIT2FLPAS exhibits superior adaptability compared to SF0 and LLSF. It provides collision-free communications and significantly enhances the duty cycle by 8%, battery life by 30.32%, and packet loss ratio by 95% while reducing latency by 75.69% and collisions by 91%. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the LIT2FLPAS algorithm in addressing the specific challenges of industrial IoT networks, offering improved performance metrics and robust communication in dynamic industrial environments. The proposed method presents a promising solution for achieving efficient and reliable communication in the evolving landscape of intelligent industrial production.

即将到来的工业化时代以智能生产为标志,制造业和工业物联网(IIoT)推动着新概念和新系统的创造与创新。解决工业环境需求的创新解决方案之一是时隙信道跳转(TSCH)协议,该协议以超低功耗和可靠通信而著称。然而,TSCH 核心的调度机制需要每个节点花费大量时间。在本研究中,我们为工业物联网网络提出了一种可持续的调度方法,称为基于优先级感知 TSCH(LIT2FLPAS)的语言区间 2 型模糊逻辑系统(LIT2FLS)。所建议的方法旨在促进服务多样化,以延长电池寿命并减少延迟。每个节点的重要性由 LIT2FLS 方法决定,该方法根据优先级和产生的流量分配所需的时隙数。我们将所提出的 LIT2FLPAS 算法与两种最先进的调度功能(调度功能-零(SF0)和低延迟调度功能(LLSF))进行了比较。结果表明,与 SF0 和 LLSF 相比,LIT2FLPAS 表现出更优越的适应性。它能提供无碰撞通信,将占空比显著提高了 8%,电池寿命提高了 30.32%,丢包率提高了 95%,同时将延迟降低了 75.69%,碰撞降低了 91%。这些研究结果表明,LIT2FLPAS 算法能有效解决工业物联网网络面临的具体挑战,在动态工业环境中提供更好的性能指标和稳健的通信。所提出的方法为在不断发展的智能工业生产环境中实现高效、可靠的通信提供了一种前景广阔的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
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Results in Control and Optimization
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