Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.52.58
Obiwuru Chidera Rex
This very article is essentially geared towards evaluating the performance of the EFCC as an antigraft agency in Nigeria. The benchmark for this evaluation is a few selected functions of the agency as enumerated in the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (Establishment) Act 2004 (section 6). Based on the sensitivity of the topic, secondary analysis is strictly used. The data generated for the study are both quantitative and quantitative. The study revealed, with pictorial evidence as well as names of culprits and properties confiscated, that the EFCC is actually carrying out its functions as mandated by the parliamentary Act of its establishment. However contrariwise, the findings revealed that the commission is yet to be fully independent in the discharge of its assignment. It is also yet to effectively reduce crime rate in the country. The study recommended among other things that the independence of the Commission should not be compromised; that is, it should not be used by any government in power as a ridiculing, incapacitating machine against the opposition.
{"title":"The Performance of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) in the Fight against Corruption in Nigeria: A Critical Appraisal","authors":"Obiwuru Chidera Rex","doi":"10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.52.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.52.58","url":null,"abstract":"This very article is essentially geared towards evaluating the performance of the EFCC as an antigraft agency in Nigeria. The benchmark for this evaluation is a few selected functions of the agency as enumerated in the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (Establishment) Act 2004 (section 6). Based on the sensitivity of the topic, secondary analysis is strictly used. The data generated for the study are both quantitative and quantitative. The study revealed, with pictorial evidence as well as names of culprits and properties confiscated, that the EFCC is actually carrying out its functions as mandated by the parliamentary Act of its establishment. However contrariwise, the findings revealed that the commission is yet to be fully independent in the discharge of its assignment. It is also yet to effectively reduce crime rate in the country. The study recommended among other things that the independence of the Commission should not be compromised; that is, it should not be used by any government in power as a ridiculing, incapacitating machine against the opposition.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84698950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.78.86
Isiwu George Duhu, Azike Lawrence Chike, N. Chukwuemeka
Achieving price stability has continued to be one of the major macroeconomic policy objectives of successive governments in Nigeria. This is because, inflation rate, as measured by changes in consumers price index (CPI), has continued to be on the increase despite the implementation of monetary policy measures to control it. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of monetary policy changes on inflationary pressure in Nigeria. This is to identify whether inflationary pressure in Nigeria is a monetary phenomenon or not. Annual time series data on changes in inflation rate, broad money supply, net domestic credit, monetary policy rate, real GDP growth rate (real output) and exchange rate were collected from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, 2018 issue. To analyze the data, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, applying bounds test, was adopted. The empirical results show that monetary variables (broad money supply, net domestic credit, monetary policy rate) have insignificant impact on inflation both in the short run and long run respectively. Real output has the expected negative sign and its impact on inflation is significant both in the short run and long run. This implies that inflation in Nigeria is more of output than monetary phenomenon. It is recommended that Nigeria should invest more in agricultural sector since more output is sourced from the sector. This will help to reduce food (price) inflation in the country.
{"title":"Monetary Policy Changes and Inflationary Pressure in Nigeria","authors":"Isiwu George Duhu, Azike Lawrence Chike, N. Chukwuemeka","doi":"10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.78.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.78.86","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving price stability has continued to be one of the major macroeconomic policy objectives of successive governments in Nigeria. This is because, inflation rate, as measured by changes in consumers price index (CPI), has continued to be on the increase despite the implementation of monetary policy measures to control it. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of monetary policy changes on inflationary pressure in Nigeria. This is to identify whether inflationary pressure in Nigeria is a monetary phenomenon or not. Annual time series data on changes in inflation rate, broad money supply, net domestic credit, monetary policy rate, real GDP growth rate (real output) and exchange rate were collected from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, 2018 issue. To analyze the data, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, applying bounds test, was adopted. The empirical results show that monetary variables (broad money supply, net domestic credit, monetary policy rate) have insignificant impact on inflation both in the short run and long run respectively. Real output has the expected negative sign and its impact on inflation is significant both in the short run and long run. This implies that inflation in Nigeria is more of output than monetary phenomenon. It is recommended that Nigeria should invest more in agricultural sector since more output is sourced from the sector. This will help to reduce food (price) inflation in the country.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84430532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.69.77
A. Ezekiel, Abu Prince Oshoke
This study empirically examines the influence of demographic factors on investment behaviour of individual investors using Edo state, Nigeria as its case study. Using the maximum likelihood method of estimation to estimate four multinomial logit equations, the results showed that educational level, occupation and marital status are the main demographic determinants of individual investors’ behaviour. Also, age and gender have strong influences on individual investor’s risk preference. Therefore, we recommend that it is pertinent that macroeconomic policies aimed at boosting investment should consider the expansionary effect of targeting civil servants and those in professional practice by providing them with investment incentives as these categories of persons have a much higher affinity for risk for investment purposes.
{"title":"The Influence of Demographic Factors on Investment Behaviour of Individual Investors: A Case Study of Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ezekiel, Abu Prince Oshoke","doi":"10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.69.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.69.77","url":null,"abstract":"This study empirically examines the influence of demographic factors on investment behaviour of individual investors using Edo state, Nigeria as its case study. Using the maximum likelihood method of estimation to estimate four multinomial logit equations, the results showed that educational level, occupation and marital status are the main demographic determinants of individual investors’ behaviour. Also, age and gender have strong influences on individual investor’s risk preference. Therefore, we recommend that it is pertinent that macroeconomic policies aimed at boosting investment should consider the expansionary effect of targeting civil servants and those in professional practice by providing them with investment incentives as these categories of persons have a much higher affinity for risk for investment purposes.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"33 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89589061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.11.18
C. W. Kalansooriya, W. Gunasekara, P. Jayarathne
Assuring food security is one of the challenges in low and middle-income countries with their rapid urbanization. The role of women has been identified as a key to food security in rural societies, however, yet to make conclusions in an urban setting. Hence this study tries to analyse the role of women in urban households while addressing the context-specific social and cultural differences of women’s role in Asia. The study uses data from Sri Lanka Household Income and Expenditure Survey-2016 and estimates the impact of women's role using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The relative status of food security of each household is measured using the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS). The study finds a higher level of food security is associated with a higher level of female education. Similarly, households are more food secure when women are more responsible for household income. Further, it reveals that the economic burden on women being the single income earner has not affected on changing the level of food security in their households. empirical to the on the of urban societies using data from an Asian context.
{"title":"Food Security in Urban Households: The Role of Women in an Asian Context","authors":"C. W. Kalansooriya, W. Gunasekara, P. Jayarathne","doi":"10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.11.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.11.18","url":null,"abstract":"Assuring food security is one of the challenges in low and middle-income countries with their rapid urbanization. The role of women has been identified as a key to food security in rural societies, however, yet to make conclusions in an urban setting. Hence this study tries to analyse the role of women in urban households while addressing the context-specific social and cultural differences of women’s role in Asia. The study uses data from Sri Lanka Household Income and Expenditure Survey-2016 and estimates the impact of women's role using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The relative status of food security of each household is measured using the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS). The study finds a higher level of food security is associated with a higher level of female education. Similarly, households are more food secure when women are more responsible for household income. Further, it reveals that the economic burden on women being the single income earner has not affected on changing the level of food security in their households. empirical to the on the of urban societies using data from an Asian context.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83402332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.59.68
Smita Nath
This paper attempts to examine the relationship among debt servicing, exports and GDP for India during 1970 – 2018 using co-integration test, error correction model and Granger causality test. In the bi-variate model with constant trend specification GDP and exports seem to have no long-term relationship. However, change in GDP Granger causes change in exports. For the restricted constant trend specification, in the short run, GDP affects exports positively and significantly. GDP and debt services seem to have a positive and significant long-term relationship in the bivariate model. The tri-variate model including GDP, Exports and debt service reveals a long term relationship among the variables where both exports and debt services affect GDP positively and significantly. GDP, exports and debt stocks do not have any long term relationship with constant trend specification, but change in GDP is found to Granger cause change in exports. For the restricted constant trend specification, however, there seems to be a long term relationship among them. In the short run GDP affects exports positively and significantly. In general, results indicate a positive and significant impact of GDP on exports. A significant positive long run impact of external debt on economic growth is also observed when debt service is the indicator of external debt. The short run impacts of external debt in terms of both debt servicing and debt stocks, however, produce diverse and insignificant results. This study contributes to exiting literature by examining the relationship among debt servicing, exports and GDP for India during 1970 – 2018 using co-integration test, error correction model and Granger causality test.
{"title":"An Analysis of the Relationship among Economic Growth, External Debt and Exports in India (1970-2018)","authors":"Smita Nath","doi":"10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.59.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.59.68","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to examine the relationship among debt servicing, exports and GDP for India during 1970 – 2018 using co-integration test, error correction model and Granger causality test. In the bi-variate model with constant trend specification GDP and exports seem to have no long-term relationship. However, change in GDP Granger causes change in exports. For the restricted constant trend specification, in the short run, GDP affects exports positively and significantly. GDP and debt services seem to have a positive and significant long-term relationship in the bivariate model. The tri-variate model including GDP, Exports and debt service reveals a long term relationship among the variables where both exports and debt services affect GDP positively and significantly. GDP, exports and debt stocks do not have any long term relationship with constant trend specification, but change in GDP is found to Granger cause change in exports. For the restricted constant trend specification, however, there seems to be a long term relationship among them. In the short run GDP affects exports positively and significantly. In general, results indicate a positive and significant impact of GDP on exports. A significant positive long run impact of external debt on economic growth is also observed when debt service is the indicator of external debt. The short run impacts of external debt in terms of both debt servicing and debt stocks, however, produce diverse and insignificant results. This study contributes to exiting literature by examining the relationship among debt servicing, exports and GDP for India during 1970 – 2018 using co-integration test, error correction model and Granger causality test.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89184457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.25.35
K. Onyele, E. Ikwuagwu, Charity Onyekachi-Onyele
This study investigated the effect of macroeconomic policies on stock market liquidity in Nigeria using annual time series data that spanned from 1986 to 2018. Specifically, the paper analyzed how monetary and fiscal policies interactions affect stock market liquidity. Stock market liquidity was measured by stock turnover ratio. Unit root test confirmed that the variables were of mixed integration which necessitated the application of ARDL technique. The ARDL bounds testing revealed that a long-run relationship existed between fiscal and monetary policies instruments, and stock market turnover ratio. In the long-run, it was found that government debt had negative and significant effect on stock market turnover ratio while monetary policy variables such as monetary policy rate and cash reserve ratio had significant effect on stock market turnover, but only the policy rate was positive. In the short-run, all the explanatory variables were significant apart from monetary policy rate which was, though, significant after one period lag and liquidity ratio which was not significant at any level. The results of the ECM suggested that stock market liquidity was affected by the interactions of fiscal and monetary policies instruments in Nigeria. Consequently, the paper concluded that macroeconomic policies that would enforce sustainable and efficient financial market towards improving stock market liquidity be strictly implemented.
{"title":"Macroeconomic Policies and Stock Market Liquidity: Evidence from Nigeria","authors":"K. Onyele, E. Ikwuagwu, Charity Onyekachi-Onyele","doi":"10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.25.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.502.2020.71.25.35","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of macroeconomic policies on stock market liquidity in Nigeria using annual time series data that spanned from 1986 to 2018. Specifically, the paper analyzed how monetary and fiscal policies interactions affect stock market liquidity. Stock market liquidity was measured by stock turnover ratio. Unit root test confirmed that the variables were of mixed integration which necessitated the application of ARDL technique. The ARDL bounds testing revealed that a long-run relationship existed between fiscal and monetary policies instruments, and stock market turnover ratio. In the long-run, it was found that government debt had negative and significant effect on stock market turnover ratio while monetary policy variables such as monetary policy rate and cash reserve ratio had significant effect on stock market turnover, but only the policy rate was positive. In the short-run, all the explanatory variables were significant apart from monetary policy rate which was, though, significant after one period lag and liquidity ratio which was not significant at any level. The results of the ECM suggested that stock market liquidity was affected by the interactions of fiscal and monetary policies instruments in Nigeria. Consequently, the paper concluded that macroeconomic policies that would enforce sustainable and efficient financial market towards improving stock market liquidity be strictly implemented.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"315 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79699709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.20448/journal.502.2020.72.110.118
Shoaib Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Naveed, Abubakar Khaliq
This study would determine how external governance structure improves the performance of listed banks in Pakistan with the return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS) and dividend payout ratio (DPR) estimates. The study concerned external corporate governance with the presence of foreign ownership as a moderator. The sample design of the study is listed banks in Pakistan stock exchange (PSX) from 2009 to 2018 with the availability of foreign ownership data. The data are gathered from financial statements, shareholding trends, and the credit rating agencies Pakistan (PACRA). The panel data approach (fixed and random effect model) was reversed to serve a different research objective and the study goals. The results showed that the external mechanism of governance performs an important part in the transparency and efficiency of the banking sectors. The banks could also increase foreign investment if they get better external governance mechanisms. This work will help commercial banks resolve the issues and improve compliance with the corporate governance code, and devise strategies for better functioning. This research is inconsistent as none defined the governance of the external system with the moderator presence in Pakistan.
{"title":"Does an External Governance Framework Enhance the Performance of Pakistan's Banking Sectors? Foreign Ownership as Moderator","authors":"Shoaib Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Naveed, Abubakar Khaliq","doi":"10.20448/journal.502.2020.72.110.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.502.2020.72.110.118","url":null,"abstract":"This study would determine how external governance structure improves the performance of listed banks in Pakistan with the return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS) and dividend payout ratio (DPR) estimates. The study concerned external corporate governance with the presence of foreign ownership as a moderator. The sample design of the study is listed banks in Pakistan stock exchange (PSX) from 2009 to 2018 with the availability of foreign ownership data. The data are gathered from financial statements, shareholding trends, and the credit rating agencies Pakistan (PACRA). The panel data approach (fixed and random effect model) was reversed to serve a different research objective and the study goals. The results showed that the external mechanism of governance performs an important part in the transparency and efficiency of the banking sectors. The banks could also increase foreign investment if they get better external governance mechanisms. This work will help commercial banks resolve the issues and improve compliance with the corporate governance code, and devise strategies for better functioning. This research is inconsistent as none defined the governance of the external system with the moderator presence in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85272939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.18778/1733-3180.29.01
Paulina Kurzyk
Koniec ubiegłego stulecia to dla Polski okres szeroko rozumianych przemian ekonomiczno-społecznych. Wprowadziły one nowe regulacje prawne dotyczące m.in. rolnictwa, które przez niemal 40 lat podzielone było na sferę prywatną i państwową. Państwowe Gospodarstwa Rolne (PGR) były reprezentantem wprowadzonego ustroju socjalistycznego w aspekcie gospodarowania terenami wiejskim. W wyniku zmian dokonanych po 1989 roku a także przyczyn obiektywnych (jak np. złej lokalizacji w stosunku do bazy surowcowej) i subiektywnych (związanych ze złym lub biernym zarządzaniem) uległy one likwidacji. Głównym celem artykułu jest ukazanie przemian w zagospodarowaniu obszarów rolnictwa państwowego w województwie łódzkim opierając się na studium przypadku. Artykuł obrazuje ponadto, rozmieszczenie i specjalizację PGRów, tym samym stanowi pierwszą, całościową identyfikację tych jednostek w badanym województwie. Metody badawcze, które użyto w pracy pozwoliły na dogłębne spojrzenie na poruszany problem. W znaczącej części analiza oparta jest o inwentaryzację terenową oraz wywiady swobodne prowadzone na wybranych obszarach. Niezbędnym materiałem badawczym okazały się dokumenty, które pozyskano z archiwum Krajowego Ośrodka Wsparcia Rolnictwa (KOWR, niegdyś, Agencja Własności Rolnej Skarbu Państwa, AWRSP). W świetle przeprowadzonych badań wykazano iż niemal 50% zasobu przejętego z terenów popegeerowskich z województwa łódzkiego, zostało trwale rozdysponowane (głównie poprzez sprzedaż). Przemiany, które zidentyfikowano mają bardziej charakter odnowy i adaptacji do funkcji wcześniej istniejących na tych obszarach.
{"title":"Przemiany w zagospodarowaniu terenów popegeerowskich województwa łódzkiego – studium przypadku","authors":"Paulina Kurzyk","doi":"10.18778/1733-3180.29.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-3180.29.01","url":null,"abstract":"Koniec ubiegłego stulecia to dla Polski okres szeroko rozumianych przemian ekonomiczno-społecznych. Wprowadziły one nowe regulacje prawne dotyczące m.in. rolnictwa, które przez niemal 40 lat podzielone było na sferę prywatną i państwową. Państwowe Gospodarstwa Rolne (PGR) były reprezentantem wprowadzonego ustroju socjalistycznego w aspekcie gospodarowania terenami wiejskim. W wyniku zmian dokonanych po 1989 roku a także przyczyn obiektywnych (jak np. złej lokalizacji w stosunku do bazy surowcowej) i subiektywnych (związanych ze złym lub biernym zarządzaniem) uległy one likwidacji. Głównym celem artykułu jest ukazanie przemian w zagospodarowaniu obszarów rolnictwa państwowego w województwie łódzkim opierając się na studium przypadku. Artykuł obrazuje ponadto, rozmieszczenie i specjalizację PGRów, tym samym stanowi pierwszą, całościową identyfikację tych jednostek w badanym województwie. Metody badawcze, które użyto w pracy pozwoliły na dogłębne spojrzenie na poruszany problem. W znaczącej części analiza oparta jest o inwentaryzację terenową oraz wywiady swobodne prowadzone na wybranych obszarach. Niezbędnym materiałem badawczym okazały się dokumenty, które pozyskano z archiwum Krajowego Ośrodka Wsparcia Rolnictwa (KOWR, niegdyś, Agencja Własności Rolnej Skarbu Państwa, AWRSP). W świetle przeprowadzonych badań wykazano iż niemal 50% zasobu przejętego z terenów popegeerowskich z województwa łódzkiego, zostało trwale rozdysponowane (głównie poprzez sprzedaż). Przemiany, które zidentyfikowano mają bardziej charakter odnowy i adaptacji do funkcji wcześniej istniejących na tych obszarach.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82870410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.18778/1733-3180.29.03
Anna Janiszewska
Mieszkańcy miast w Polsce stanowią ponad 60% ludności kraju. W systemie osadniczym naszego kraju występuje wykształcona, kilkustopniowa struktura hierarchiczna miast, a stolica kraju odznacza się niewielką, na tle innych krajów europejskich, przewagą nad innymi ośrodkami regionalnymi. Rozmieszczenie miast, zwłaszcza małych i średniej wielkości, jest równomierne w przestrzeni. Te cechy systemu osadniczego wskazują, że jest to system policentryczny. Obserwowane od kilkudziesięciu lat przemiany demograficzne w Polsce, w tym także starzenie się ludności, dotyczą mieszkańców miast zarówno dużych, średnich, jak i małych. Jednak poziom starzenia się mieszkańców miast różnej wielkości, a także dynamika tego procesu są zróżnicowane przestrzennie. Głównym celem opracowania jest określenie poziomu i dynamiki starzenia się mieszkańców miast małych, średnich oraz dużych w Polsce.
{"title":"Starzenie się ludności w polskich miastach","authors":"Anna Janiszewska","doi":"10.18778/1733-3180.29.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-3180.29.03","url":null,"abstract":"Mieszkańcy miast w Polsce stanowią ponad 60% ludności kraju. W systemie osadniczym naszego kraju występuje wykształcona, kilkustopniowa struktura hierarchiczna miast, a stolica kraju odznacza się niewielką, na tle innych krajów europejskich, przewagą nad innymi ośrodkami regionalnymi. Rozmieszczenie miast, zwłaszcza małych i średniej wielkości, jest równomierne w przestrzeni. Te cechy systemu osadniczego wskazują, że jest to system policentryczny. Obserwowane od kilkudziesięciu lat przemiany demograficzne w Polsce, w tym także starzenie się ludności, dotyczą mieszkańców miast zarówno dużych, średnich, jak i małych. Jednak poziom starzenia się mieszkańców miast różnej wielkości, a także dynamika tego procesu są zróżnicowane przestrzennie. Głównym celem opracowania jest określenie poziomu i dynamiki starzenia się mieszkańców miast małych, średnich oraz dużych w Polsce.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77159027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.18778/1733-3180.29.02
E. Kobojek, S. Kobojek
Powszechnie uważa się, że w Polsce Środkowej do elementów przyrodniczych przydatnych dla turystyki i rekreacji należą tylko doliny dużych rzek i sztuczne zbiorniki wodne. Zwykle pomijane są wydmy śródlądowe pokryte lasem. Celem artykułu jest analiza przyrodniczych walorów wydm śródlądowych oraz zagospodarowania turystycznego w nizinnej części Polski Środkowej w regionie łódzkim. Wskazano walory rekreacyjne i wypoczynkowe tych form terenu. Wydmy śródlądowe, o różnych kształtach i wysokościach względnych do 20–30 m, są ważnym elementem morfologicznym w obszarach równinnych Polski Środkowej. Rekreacji i wypoczynkowi, poza urozmaiconą rzeźbą, sprzyjają dobre warunki bioklimatyczne panujące w lasach sosnowych występujących na suchym, piaszczystym podłożu. Dodatkowym walorem w niektórych miejscowościach jest obecność w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie wydm, sztucznych zbiorników wodnych z piaszczystymi plażami. Te trzy elementy (urozmaicona rzeźba, las sosnowy i woda) tworzą wyjątkowo korzystne warunki wypoczynku w obszarach równinnych. To obszary wydmowe pokryte lasami sprzyjają od ponad 100 lat osadnictwu letniskowemu, wypoczynkowi weekendowemu i wakacyjnemu w pobliżu miejsca zamieszkania, a także lecznictwu sanatoryjnemu. Są przydatne dla turystyki nizinnej pieszej i rowerowej.
{"title":"Walory przyrodnicze i zagospodarowanie turystyczne wydm śródlądowych na przykładzie regionu łódzkiego","authors":"E. Kobojek, S. Kobojek","doi":"10.18778/1733-3180.29.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-3180.29.02","url":null,"abstract":"Powszechnie uważa się, że w Polsce Środkowej do elementów przyrodniczych przydatnych dla turystyki i rekreacji należą tylko doliny dużych rzek i sztuczne zbiorniki wodne. Zwykle pomijane są wydmy śródlądowe pokryte lasem. Celem artykułu jest analiza przyrodniczych walorów wydm śródlądowych oraz zagospodarowania turystycznego w nizinnej części Polski Środkowej w regionie łódzkim. Wskazano walory rekreacyjne i wypoczynkowe tych form terenu. Wydmy śródlądowe, o różnych kształtach i wysokościach względnych do 20–30 m, są ważnym elementem morfologicznym w obszarach równinnych Polski Środkowej. Rekreacji i wypoczynkowi, poza urozmaiconą rzeźbą, sprzyjają dobre warunki bioklimatyczne panujące w lasach sosnowych występujących na suchym, piaszczystym podłożu. Dodatkowym walorem w niektórych miejscowościach jest obecność w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie wydm, sztucznych zbiorników wodnych z piaszczystymi plażami. Te trzy elementy (urozmaicona rzeźba, las sosnowy i woda) tworzą wyjątkowo korzystne warunki wypoczynku w obszarach równinnych. To obszary wydmowe pokryte lasami sprzyjają od ponad 100 lat osadnictwu letniskowemu, wypoczynkowi weekendowemu i wakacyjnemu w pobliżu miejsca zamieszkania, a także lecznictwu sanatoryjnemu. Są przydatne dla turystyki nizinnej pieszej i rowerowej.","PeriodicalId":34801,"journal":{"name":"Space Society Economy","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84065798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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