{"title":"Sarcopenic obesity","authors":"Magdalini A. Nikolaou, Dimitris A. Nikolaou","doi":"10.22540/jrpms-06-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/jrpms-06-027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123040750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rohit M Sane, Maitreya Patil, Sunil H. Shetty, S. Bendre
{"title":"Rib enchondroma: A case report","authors":"Rohit M Sane, Maitreya Patil, Sunil H. Shetty, S. Bendre","doi":"10.22540/jrpms-05-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/jrpms-05-122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130993343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Butala, Jaykumar C. Parsania, Varun S. Agarwal, S. Mehra
{"title":"Evaluation of outcome of intramedullary K-wire fixation in Phalanx fractures","authors":"R. Butala, Jaykumar C. Parsania, Varun S. Agarwal, S. Mehra","doi":"10.22540/jrpms-05-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/jrpms-05-116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114373954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The contribution of finite element analysis (FEA) in the assessment of pharmacological therapy outcomes in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a literature review","authors":"Ilias Rotziokos","doi":"10.22540/jrpms-05-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/jrpms-05-126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123118705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of microRNAs in osteοporosis: A brief review","authors":"Despina Misiaka, G. Lambrou","doi":"10.22540/jrpms-05-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/jrpms-05-134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125292057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Additional tools for the estimation of fracture risk using DXA method","authors":"Laoura R. Vako","doi":"10.22540/jrpms-05-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/jrpms-05-140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"435 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126107240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
associated with reduced muscle strength and limited lower-limb joint range of motion as a result of physiological and neuromuscular changes 16-23 . In particular, sarcopenia is a well-described effect of aging, which is characterized by a muscle atrophy (a decrease in the cross-sectional area) along with a reduction Abstract The biomechanics of walking seems to be affected in the elderly compared to young adults. These adjustments are likely to be associated with an increase in the risk of falling. This review aims to investigate the effect of age on walking ability specifically focusing on studies that have assessed spatiotemporal, kinematics and kinetics variables using three-dimensional (3D) analysis. A systematic review of the research literature was applied until January 2019 across Pubmed electronic database. A targeted search strategy traced full papers that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eleven of 214 articles met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Differences between older and young adults were found in the most parameters which were evaluated. Changes in the lower-limb walking kinematics in elderly during walking may compromise the quality of gait. However, there is a bibliographic gap, as there are no articles that assess the risk of falling taking into account joint kinematic and kinetic parameters.
{"title":"Effects of aging on biomechanical gait parameters in the healthy elderly and the risk of falling","authors":"P. Morfis, M. Gkaraveli","doi":"10.22540/JRPMS-05-059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/JRPMS-05-059","url":null,"abstract":"associated with reduced muscle strength and limited lower-limb joint range of motion as a result of physiological and neuromuscular changes 16-23 . In particular, sarcopenia is a well-described effect of aging, which is characterized by a muscle atrophy (a decrease in the cross-sectional area) along with a reduction Abstract The biomechanics of walking seems to be affected in the elderly compared to young adults. These adjustments are likely to be associated with an increase in the risk of falling. This review aims to investigate the effect of age on walking ability specifically focusing on studies that have assessed spatiotemporal, kinematics and kinetics variables using three-dimensional (3D) analysis. A systematic review of the research literature was applied until January 2019 across Pubmed electronic database. A targeted search strategy traced full papers that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eleven of 214 articles met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Differences between older and young adults were found in the most parameters which were evaluated. Changes in the lower-limb walking kinematics in elderly during walking may compromise the quality of gait. However, there is a bibliographic gap, as there are no articles that assess the risk of falling taking into account joint kinematic and kinetic parameters.","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116882446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic metabolic skeletal disease in which bone mass loss and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue occurs, leading to a reduction of bone strength and increased risk of fractures. This disease can be classified as primary or secondary due to a variety of causes, and has been shown to represent a major public health problem. Diagnosis of osteoporosis focuses on the assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). It is considered to be the “gold standard” method of diagnosis and assesses bone mineral content (grams of hydroxyapatite) per area (cm) at prespecified sites of the axial and appendicular skeleton. As a result, the technique provides a two-dimensional image that is affected by the size of the bones, and does not provide a true (“volumetric”, mg/cm) density, since the relation between area and volume is non-linear. DXA is preferably performed on skeletal sites such as the lumbar spine, proximal femur, and distal forearms, where fracture risk is the highest. The measures provided by DXA are bone mineral content (BMC; in gr), bone area (in cm) and areal BMD (in gr/ cm). To diagnose osteoporosis, the results of areal BMD measurements obtained with DXA, should be reported as the difference in standard deviations (SD’s) with the “peak” bone mass, ie the mean mass of young individuals, thus producing a T-score. For females, three general diagnostic categories have been proposed by WHO, for assessments done with DEXA: normal (T-score -1 or above), low bone massosteopenia (T-score between -1 and -2.5) and osteoporosis (T-score -2.5 or below). BMD represents approximately 60-70% of bone strength of isolated bones in vitro and is used as a substitute measure of bone strength in fracture risk prediction.
{"title":"Choosing the site to estimate bone mineral density with DXA method","authors":"T. Themeli, I. Triantafyllopoulos","doi":"10.22540/JRPMS-05-079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/JRPMS-05-079","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic metabolic skeletal disease in which bone mass loss and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue occurs, leading to a reduction of bone strength and increased risk of fractures. This disease can be classified as primary or secondary due to a variety of causes, and has been shown to represent a major public health problem. Diagnosis of osteoporosis focuses on the assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). It is considered to be the “gold standard” method of diagnosis and assesses bone mineral content (grams of hydroxyapatite) per area (cm) at prespecified sites of the axial and appendicular skeleton. As a result, the technique provides a two-dimensional image that is affected by the size of the bones, and does not provide a true (“volumetric”, mg/cm) density, since the relation between area and volume is non-linear. DXA is preferably performed on skeletal sites such as the lumbar spine, proximal femur, and distal forearms, where fracture risk is the highest. The measures provided by DXA are bone mineral content (BMC; in gr), bone area (in cm) and areal BMD (in gr/ cm). To diagnose osteoporosis, the results of areal BMD measurements obtained with DXA, should be reported as the difference in standard deviations (SD’s) with the “peak” bone mass, ie the mean mass of young individuals, thus producing a T-score. For females, three general diagnostic categories have been proposed by WHO, for assessments done with DEXA: normal (T-score -1 or above), low bone massosteopenia (T-score between -1 and -2.5) and osteoporosis (T-score -2.5 or below). BMD represents approximately 60-70% of bone strength of isolated bones in vitro and is used as a substitute measure of bone strength in fracture risk prediction.","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128267510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis that ultimately leads to hip joint destruction. In the international scientific literature ONFH is also referred as avascular (AVNFH) or aseptic (ANFH) necrosis of the femoral head. The main feature of the disease is the reduction of vascular circulation, which results in the gradual destruction to the subchondral bone and then of the articular surface of the femoral head. On a yearly basis 20.000-30.000 of new incidents of ONFH are diagnosed.The majority of patients are men between 35 and 45 years of age and their quality of life and career are increasingly compromised. It is therefore of major interest for the health systems as well.The target of ONFH treatment aims to the prevention of further deterioration of the joint. Patients, who remain untreated, will experience severe pain and movement limitation during the development of the disease. The main therapeutic interventions of ONFH are distinguished in operative (surgical) and non-operative (conservative) treatment. Surgical methods include: core decompression (CD), osteotomy, bone transplantation and joint replacement. Conservative methods include: medication, weight bearing restriction and physical therapy. The main goals of nonoperative treatment are relief of symptoms, prevention of disease progression and improvement of functionality. This type of treatment can be selected under specific circumstances such as early stages and small lesions of ONFH or among patients for whom surgical management is contraindicated. However, the outcome depends on the stage, volume, classification of necrosis as well as the age of the patient and the etiology of the disease. This paper will review the current literature evidence of non-invasive methods in the early stages of ONFH with special focus on the effects of physiotherapeutic interventions. Abstract Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a progressively destructive disease of multifactorial origin. The etiology and pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head are not yet clear. Management alternatives for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head consist of non-operative and operative treatment. The efficacy of non-operative treatment alone is the subject of heated debate in the literature. The purpose of this article is to review, update and summarize the non-operative treatment, particularly physical therapy modalities in patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head in early stages. According to current literature these methods mainly include restriction techniques, electromagnetic stimulation, shockwave, immobilization-traction and rehabilitation training. Despite the evidence that these modalities when applied alone improve motor-function, pain relief and delay disease progression mainly through angiogenesis, osteogenesis and tissue regeneration, there is need for more research to elucidate their role and duration in early s
{"title":"Physical therapy intervention in early-stage femoral head osteonecrosis","authors":"Angelos Konstantonis","doi":"10.22540/JRPMS-05-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/JRPMS-05-020","url":null,"abstract":"Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis that ultimately leads to hip joint destruction. In the international scientific literature ONFH is also referred as avascular (AVNFH) or aseptic (ANFH) necrosis of the femoral head. The main feature of the disease is the reduction of vascular circulation, which results in the gradual destruction to the subchondral bone and then of the articular surface of the femoral head. On a yearly basis 20.000-30.000 of new incidents of ONFH are diagnosed.The majority of patients are men between 35 and 45 years of age and their quality of life and career are increasingly compromised. It is therefore of major interest for the health systems as well.The target of ONFH treatment aims to the prevention of further deterioration of the joint. Patients, who remain untreated, will experience severe pain and movement limitation during the development of the disease. The main therapeutic interventions of ONFH are distinguished in operative (surgical) and non-operative (conservative) treatment. Surgical methods include: core decompression (CD), osteotomy, bone transplantation and joint replacement. Conservative methods include: medication, weight bearing restriction and physical therapy. The main goals of nonoperative treatment are relief of symptoms, prevention of disease progression and improvement of functionality. This type of treatment can be selected under specific circumstances such as early stages and small lesions of ONFH or among patients for whom surgical management is contraindicated. However, the outcome depends on the stage, volume, classification of necrosis as well as the age of the patient and the etiology of the disease. This paper will review the current literature evidence of non-invasive methods in the early stages of ONFH with special focus on the effects of physiotherapeutic interventions. Abstract Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a progressively destructive disease of multifactorial origin. The etiology and pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head are not yet clear. Management alternatives for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head consist of non-operative and operative treatment. The efficacy of non-operative treatment alone is the subject of heated debate in the literature. The purpose of this article is to review, update and summarize the non-operative treatment, particularly physical therapy modalities in patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head in early stages. According to current literature these methods mainly include restriction techniques, electromagnetic stimulation, shockwave, immobilization-traction and rehabilitation training. Despite the evidence that these modalities when applied alone improve motor-function, pain relief and delay disease progression mainly through angiogenesis, osteogenesis and tissue regeneration, there is need for more research to elucidate their role and duration in early s","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121514870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Galanis, A. Kyriakou, Ioannis Delniotis, J. Inklebarger, P. Papadopoulos, E. Tsiridis, F. Sayegh
Dressings that are applied to surgical wounds at the time of surgery can either be removed early, changed regularly, or retained until the removal of sutures. Frequent dressing changes may lead to damage of the skin barrier which protects the body against infection. Additionally, this may cause an increased risk of complications due to the increased frequency of wound exposure. Dressing change has been reported as the most painful procedure associated with wounds. Pain contributes to stress and anxiety, consequently leading to potentially delayed healing. Moreover, dressing change, which may sometimes be traumatic and time consuming, seems to have great impact on patients’ quality of life. Moreover, the economic burden that arises from frequent dressing changes is not to be overlooked. Costeffective care practices and reduced expenditure on wound dressings are mandatory. Despite the importance of this issue regarding the frequency of the dressing change in surgical wounds, data in literature are limited. It has been reported that there were no significant differences between the early and delayed dressing removal group in the proportion of people who developed superficial surgical site infection. Additionally, a 7-day interval between changes of the negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is acceptable as compared to a 3-day one. However, there is no clear indication in literature about what the optimal time interval for dressing changes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is. To address this issue, a pilot, clinical trial was designed to compare two different Abstract Background: Data in the literature are limited concerning the impact of different time scheduling, in regards to dressing change frequency, on infectious complications at the surgical site attributable to the dressing procedure itself. Methods: A pilot, randomized trial was conducted to assess the safety of two different dressing removal protocols performed after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction for deficiency. Patients assigned to “standard” protocol underwent a dressing change on postoperative day 2, 4 and 6. Those assigned to the “revised” protocol underwent a change just on day 6. All patients’ surgical site skin was cultured at baseline and on postoperative day 6 immediately after dressing removal. Results: Forty patients were assigned to the “standard” protocol and forty to the “revised” one. The percentage of culture positive subjects was 2.5% (1/40) in the “standard” protocol group compared to 0% in the “revised” one. No significant differences were found in the number of positive culture subjects between methods. Conclusion: Changing dressing frequently doesn’t seem to provide any additional benefit to the patients, while retaining it doesn’t lead to any increased risk of infection. Moreover, the patient’s inconvenience and increased related cost caused by frequent dressing change suggest that the dressing should be retained for at least 6 da
{"title":"Dressing change frequency following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a pilot study","authors":"N. Galanis, A. Kyriakou, Ioannis Delniotis, J. Inklebarger, P. Papadopoulos, E. Tsiridis, F. Sayegh","doi":"10.22540/jrpms-04-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22540/jrpms-04-030","url":null,"abstract":"Dressings that are applied to surgical wounds at the time of surgery can either be removed early, changed regularly, or retained until the removal of sutures. Frequent dressing changes may lead to damage of the skin barrier which protects the body against infection. Additionally, this may cause an increased risk of complications due to the increased frequency of wound exposure. Dressing change has been reported as the most painful procedure associated with wounds. Pain contributes to stress and anxiety, consequently leading to potentially delayed healing. Moreover, dressing change, which may sometimes be traumatic and time consuming, seems to have great impact on patients’ quality of life. Moreover, the economic burden that arises from frequent dressing changes is not to be overlooked. Costeffective care practices and reduced expenditure on wound dressings are mandatory. Despite the importance of this issue regarding the frequency of the dressing change in surgical wounds, data in literature are limited. It has been reported that there were no significant differences between the early and delayed dressing removal group in the proportion of people who developed superficial surgical site infection. Additionally, a 7-day interval between changes of the negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is acceptable as compared to a 3-day one. However, there is no clear indication in literature about what the optimal time interval for dressing changes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is. To address this issue, a pilot, clinical trial was designed to compare two different Abstract Background: Data in the literature are limited concerning the impact of different time scheduling, in regards to dressing change frequency, on infectious complications at the surgical site attributable to the dressing procedure itself. Methods: A pilot, randomized trial was conducted to assess the safety of two different dressing removal protocols performed after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction for deficiency. Patients assigned to “standard” protocol underwent a dressing change on postoperative day 2, 4 and 6. Those assigned to the “revised” protocol underwent a change just on day 6. All patients’ surgical site skin was cultured at baseline and on postoperative day 6 immediately after dressing removal. Results: Forty patients were assigned to the “standard” protocol and forty to the “revised” one. The percentage of culture positive subjects was 2.5% (1/40) in the “standard” protocol group compared to 0% in the “revised” one. No significant differences were found in the number of positive culture subjects between methods. Conclusion: Changing dressing frequently doesn’t seem to provide any additional benefit to the patients, while retaining it doesn’t lead to any increased risk of infection. Moreover, the patient’s inconvenience and increased related cost caused by frequent dressing change suggest that the dressing should be retained for at least 6 da","PeriodicalId":348886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research and Practice on the Musculoskeletal System","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114264706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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