EPPO Bulletin最新文献

Saissetia miranda (Cockerell & Parrott) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae), a soft scale insect found in tropical and subtropical regions, is reported from Algeria for the first time. It was found in surveys conducted in Bouira (northern Algeria) on fig trees (Ficus carica). Taxonomic illustrations and a key are provided to facilitate the identification of Saissetia species known to occur in North Africa.

Field surveys were carried out to deepen knowledge about the ambrosia beetle community in sweet chestnut-producing areas in north-west Italy. They were carried out in areas where Castanea sativa is the dominant species, using ethanol-baited black cross-vane traps, from March to October over a 2-year period (2023–2024). A total of 42 180 individuals including four genera and six species were trapped, with Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg) representing more than 90% of all the specimens. The other species found included: Anisandrus dispar (F.), Xyleborus monographus (F.), Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) and Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford). In addition to these species which were already known to be present in the surveyed area, Anisandrus maiche Kurentzov was collected for the first time. Although the ambrosia beetle community recorded in most cases did not raise particular concern among chestnut growers, a strong increase in their abundance was recorded in 2024. Specifically, while most species have more than doubled their presence, X. monographus and X. germanus have increased more than 10-fold. Owing to the economic and environmental value of chestnut and since ambrosia beetles are known to be significantly influenced by climatic factors, specific investigations are needed over time to evaluate whether their presence is actually increasing, particularly in the context of climate change.

The olive lace bug, Neoplerochila paliatseasi Duarte Rodrigues, 1982 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae), is recorded for the first time as an alien species in continental Europe from the district of Faro in southern Portugal. It was previously known from South Africa and Madeira Island (Portugal). The larva of this species is described for the first time. The species was found in large numbers on trees of Olea europaea Linnaeus, 1753 and observed to cause severe damage to the leaves. Phillyrea angustifolia Linnaeus, 1753 is recorded for the first time as a host plant of this species. A brief description of the distribution, bionomics and the damage caused by N. paliatseasi in Portugal are outlined.

In the European Union (EU), pesticides can only be used by farmers after an acceptable risk to consumers, operators, and the environment has been demonstrated. Plant protection products applied as seed treatments have several environmental advantages compared with foliar spray applications, especially lower use rates and less drift to off-crop habitats. Regulatory risk assessments for seed treatment products in the EU are routinely based on maximum ‘commonly used’ sowing rates. Such assessments may overestimate the true risk as sowing rate distributions can be skewed by atypically high sowing rates, which are often a result of localized conditions. To have a better view of realistic worst-case sowing rates for key field crops (cereals, maize, oilseed rape, sunflower, soybean and sugar beet) grown in the EU, a large-scale farmer survey was conducted in 2020 and 2021 across a representative range of EU countries, and the United Kingdom. The total number of farmers interviewed ranged from 112 (spring oilseed rape) to 14 479 (winter wheat). The number of countries from which farmers were interviewed ranged from three (spring oilseed rape) to 17 (winter wheat). Mean and 90th percentile values of sowing rates were calculated from the survey results per crop and are proposed as more representative worst-case values for use in seed treatment regulatory risk assessments.

This set continues the series of EPPO datasheets at present constituted by Quarantine Pests for Europe (2nd edition), the first supplementary set published in 1999 in the EPPO Bulletin issue 29, 459–506, the second supplementary set published in 2005 in issue 35, 361–475, the third supplementary set published in 2006 in issue 36, 1–9, the fourth supplementary set published in 2007 in issue 37, 223–245, the fifth, sixth and seventh supplementary sets published in 2008 in issue 38, 53–63, 161–166 and 439–449, respectively, the eighth and ninth supplementary sets published in issue 39, 41–64 and 487–499, the tenth supplementary set published in issue 40, 401–406, the eleventh supplementary set published in issue 41, 407–418, the twelfth and thirteenth supplementary sets published in issue 43, 139–143 and 195–196, the fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth supplementary sets published in issue 44, 5–10, 149–163 and 474–478, the seventeenth supplementary set published in issue 45, 2–13, the eighteenth supplementary set published in issue 46, 02–24, the nineteenth supplementary set published in issue 47, 524–548, the twentieth and twenty-first supplementary sets published in issue 49, 48–72 and 259–297, the twenty-second set published in issue 50, 156–169, the twenty-third set published in issue 50, 241–248, the 24th set published in issue 50, 526–548, the 25th set published in issue 52, 371–373, the 26th set published in issue 53, 100-107, the 27th set published in issue 53, 613–623, the 28th set published in issue 54, 25–40 and the 29th set published in issue 54, 343-360. It contains a further datasheet produced as part of the core work programme of EPPO datasheets.

As I reflect on my first few months as Director-General of EPPO, the challenges currently facing global media and scientific communities, particularly the substantial cuts to international funding, and its consequences cannot be ignored. During my recent participation in the 19th session of the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM-19), discussions took place on how plant health is intricately connected to human and environmental health. The One Health approach, which emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and plant health, is essential to our work moving forward. As I settle into my role at EPPO, I am deeply committed to advancing initiatives that support a sustainable and integrated approach to global health.

The content of the EPPO Bulletin highlights our ongoing efforts to maintain scientific integrity and optimize resources in plant protection. This issue includes EPPO Standards on Efficacy Evaluation of Plant Protection Products and EPPO Standards on Diagnostics as well as an EPPO Datasheet and several original articles. The EPPO Standards are recommendations that are addressed to the NPPOs of EPPO member countries, and this harmonized guidance helps our member countries in their work for the protection of plants and the environment.

Additionally, the EPPO Bulletin underscores our commitment to scientific collaboration and the ongoing publication of important information. Resources like the EPPO Datasheet on Chloridea virescens and the risk prioritization of bamboo species in the EPPO region serve as valuable tools for guiding policy and practice in pest management. The emergence of new pests, such as Euwallacea fornicatus in Spain and Eutetranychus orientalis in Sicily, reminds us of the evolving challenges in plant health. EPPO's ability to respond to the needs of our member countries by updating Standards and offering guidance on integrated pest management solutions highlights the importance of international collaboration. As global funding continues to shrink, it is more crucial than ever for us to unite and sustain our efforts to protect plant health. I am honoured to be part of this vital mission and look forward to the continued work we will do together.

A total of 54 species, representing two orders of insects, were found on imported cereal grains intercepted at the plant quarantine stations of South Korea from 1996 to 2023. These comprised 48 species (89%) of beetles (Coleoptera) belonging to 18 families and six species (11%) of moths (Lepidoptera) belonging to four families. A list of insect pests found on cereal grains is provided, along with their quarantine pest status in South Korea, total number of interceptions, host species of agricultural commodities, countries of origin and the year of interception. This review of the species of insect pests that have been intercepted on cereal grains in the past in South Korea will be informative to inspectors anywhere in the world who look at these commodities, in particular from these origins, in order to detect and prevent the introduction of stored grain pests.