EPPO Bulletin最新文献

A study of soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae) was conducted on a wide range of plants between May 2021 and September 2024 along the north-west coast of Morocco, covering 110 sites across 10 provinces. This led to morphological and molecular identification of hemispherical scale, Saissetia coffeae (Walker), from Moroccan specimens. Although this species had previously been reported from Morocco, based on morphological characters, the present study documents the occurrence of this species on various host plants in Morocco for the first time, including citrus (Citrus spp.), avocado (Persea americana Mill.), edible fig (Ficus carica L.), strangler fig (Ficus retusa L.) and sago palm (Cycas revoluta Thunb.), at eight locations across the country. The research also highlights the crucial role of natural enemies in the natural regulation of S. coffeae populations. Three species of endoparasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) were identified: Metaphycus flavus and Coccophagus sp. (Encyrtidae) and Scutellista caerulea (Pteromalidae). In addition, seven species of predators were found: Chilocorus renipustulatus (L.), Scymnus syriacus (Marseul), Stethorus pusillus (Herbst) and Exochomus flavipes (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Eublemma scitula (Rambur) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).

The EPPO Panel on Diagnostics in Nematology agreed to add the three recently described species (X. babaii, X. persicum and X. purpureum), which have not been reported to vector plant viruses, to the polytomous key tables in the EPPO Standard PM 7/95 (2) Xiphinema americanum sensu lato. This implies minor updates to the key (Tables 2 and 4) and Appendix 1.

The new lines to be added to Tables 2 and 4 and to the Table of Appendix 1 are shown in bold below.

PM 7/110 (2) Xanthomonas spp. (Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria, Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans, Xanthomonas vesicatoria) causing bacterial spot of tomato and sweet pepper. EPPO Bulletin, 53, 558–579 (2023). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12960

In EPPO Standard PM 7/110 (2), the EPPO Code given for Xanthomonas vesicatoria in the identity section was incorrect. The correct EPPO Code for Xanthomonas vesicatoria is XANTVE.

We apologize for this error.

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is a vital crop for Türkiye's economy, occupying over 420 000 ha, primarily in south-eastern Anatolia. In 2023, severe symptoms, such as curling, chlorosis and needle-like leaf deformation, were observed on pistachio trees in Şanlıurfa Province. This prompted a molecular study of phytoplasma pathogens. A real-time PCR targeting the 16SrDNA gene was used to analyse DNA from eight symptomatic and two asymptomatic trees. A phytoplasma was found in two symptomatic samples but not in asymptomatic controls. Positive samples were further analysed using nested PCR. One sequence with 99% identity to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii’ (16SrVI-A subgroup) was found by bidirectional sequencing of PCR products. The identification of the phytoplasma was confirmed by a phylogenetic analysis showing the clustering of the UP 1 isolate with ‘Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii’ reference strain and by a virtual RFLP analysis using 17 restrictions enzymes. This first report of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii’ in pistachio in Türkiye highlights the presence of this phytoplasma in a key agricultural sector. Although no yield losses have been observed to date, broader surveys and monitoring of leafhopper vectors are necessary to assess the potential risk and implement timely management strategies.