Psychiatria Hungarica最新文献

According to French clinicians, Auguste Rodin's mother suffered from haptephobia: her phobia concluded in avoiding to touch her son. This physical and emotional deprivation was a traumatic experience for the young Rodin, and both facilitated his artistic formation and lead to the birth of several artworks. 'Body' and 'touch' emerged to a central motif of his art, and into a sublimation process what we tend to interpret as the result of the maternal coldness. This psychobiographic study aims to examine the imprints of this development in the oeuvre, leaning on parallel analysis of artworks and biographical details.

The psychological characteristics of artistic activity emerge along the spontaneity-awareness dimension. Artistic development proceeds from spontaneous manifestations to conscious planning. At each step of this process, the effects of attractive and repulsive reference predecessors appear until the individual voice, style and creative inventions are formed. This development may be completed by the establishment of the artistic identity and conscious image creation. A certain group of artists - naive, autodidactic artists, psychiatric patients - stay in the state of spontaneity; or they get stuck halfway in the development, and thus their works of art have some self-healing nature as among the confessional poets. Regressive states (emerging due to effects of chemicals or old-age dementia etc.) might re-call spontaneity. The spontaneous manifestations of some artists might be overwritten by conscious image building. Based on the characteristic features of artistic socialization, the following categories of artists can be set up: experienceoriented, ability-oriented, child, citizen/scholar, and psychiatric patient artist types.

Anne Sexton began writing poetry during psychiatric treatment following a severe episode of depression, on the advice of her psychiatrist, and went on to become one of the most celebrated among the so-called confessional poets. Her oeuvre offers insight into the emotional struggles of a middle-class woman living in 1950s and 1960s Ame - rica, with poems exploring previously scandalous themes such as female sexuality, domestic violence and mental ill - ness. The latter is the focus of this paper. Anne Sexton suffered from mental problems, more specifically bipolar disorder, which was accompanied by addiction to alcohol and various medicines. She was unable to come to terms with the trauma she may have suffered in childhood, and she herself abused her children later on. Her inner struggles are reflected in her poetry, which she began to write as a therapeutic acticity. Her poems give us a glimpse into the more intimate struggles of her being, which she was unable to resolve in this way - and so she ended her life.

Background and aims: Our primary goal was to determine and compare the anger expression strategies used by players of the two most popular online games, League of Legends and Fortnite Battle Royale, as well as those used by non-gamers.

Methods: The study sample was comprised of 450 subjects, of whom 338 were males and 112 females. The sample was further divided into four groups: 1. Non-gamers; 2. League of Legends gamers; 3. Fortnite gamers; and 4. League of Legends and Fortnite gamers. Anger attributes were measured using the validated Hungarian version of the 20-item Anger Expression Scale (Oláh 1987; Spielberger, 1985). Multinomial Logistic Regression was used to analyze the role of age and gender of the subjects to predict whether subjects were non-gamers or gamers. Subjects were further assessed by employing the Anger Expression Scale, which determines Anger-In (turning anger inwards or suppressing anger) and Anger-Out (expressing anger outwardly) profiles of individuals. The Anger-In and Anger-Out variables were added to the model.

Results: Compared to League of Legends gamers, Fortnite gamers had a more passive (Anger-In) anger expression strategy. Fortnite and League of Legends gamers possessed a more passive anger expression strategy relative to nongamers.

Discussion and conclusion: Further research is needed to determine whether the games themselves have a determining influence on the gamers anger expression strategy, or whether the gamers personality and anger expression strategy predisposed them to choose one game over the other.

No abstract available.

The aim of this paper is to present the theoretical foundations of the network approach to psychopathology and to give an overview of what it promises to deliver, and also to summarize some of the key critiques it has received. According to this approach, mental disorders cannot be mapped with traditional modeling approaches, as they are multifactorial phenomena that are maintained by the complex interplay of various biological, psychological, and social factors. It is expected that new avenues of research may open up through network modeling, however, some have pointed out that a strong distinction between network and common cause models is not well supported. Critics of the network approach claim that network models of mental disorders do not replicate well, while others have found encouraging results in this regard. Although at the moment, the network approach to psychopathology faces signifi - cant challenges, it may facilitate the study of mechanisms involved in the formation and maintenance of mental dis - orders by grasping and intuitively visualizing their complex and dynamic nature, and ultimately may even contribute to the development of personalized treatment planning.

This essay presents two studies of Bertalan Petho's rich and diverse oeuvre. The first one (published in 1967) analyzed a schizophrenic composer-patient's composition created during the acute phase of schizophrenia and consi - dered the hiatus discursivitatis as one of the main characteristics of the pathology of expression in his musical works. The second study is the patients' catamnestic follow-up after 13 years. In that late, chronic, residual phase of schizophrenia with overwhelmingly negative symptoms, the mannieristic catatonia dominated the clinical feature, as well as the pathology of musical expression. These two studies build a bridge between music and psychopathology in a way unique in the literature and greatly demonstrate the utilization of musical expression in the phenomenological approach of schizophrenia. Due to Berta - lan Petho's high level of musical literacy, his knowledge of music theory and harmony, we have an insight through a specific window into the severe self-disturbance and alienisation determining the schizophrenic world of experience. Petho's approach is still relevant today: it fits conceptually to the most novel phenome-nological framework of the psychopathology of schizophrenia, i.e. to the ipseity-hyperreflexivity model, as well as to theories that draw a parallel between the schizophrenic reification and alienisation and the 20th-century modernism.

In 1985 Bertalan Petho enriched psychiatric literature by the description of a new delusion. The essence of chronophrenia is the delusion, that the patient has already lived through this life once. The phenomenon is a persis - tant delusion, that differs from the experi-ences of déja vu and déja vecu. The present article introduces the publication of Petho and interprets it in the light of research on time-sense in schizophrenia. The similarity of chrono-phrenia and the idea of Eternal Return by Nietzsche is also discussed.

In the case of a little preschool boy, I would like to show how traumatic environmental influences affect a child's development, coping strategies, as well as his symptomatic behavior, emotion and mood regulation, and social functioning. This little boy has also suffered many damaging environmental effects during his own life, losses, stressful situations, conflicts. In addition, the losses, traumas and injuries suffered by his parents also shaped his development, the development of his difficulties and symptoms. The range of early fractures was compounded by the trauma at Ákos, the loss of his biological mother giving up on him and adopting him. A few days after his birth, he was already adopted by his adoptive parents, whose own traumas as well as relationship difficulties prevented the child from developing optimally from the beginning. Paternal abusive behavior, which manifested itself in several forms, including partner abuse, as well as tension and inequalities in the relationship, also had a significant effect on the development of the child's emotional and social development and symptoms. Abuse is cross-generational. There are complex causes and patterns in the background of early relationship pathologies, which can lead to developmental disorders and developmental trauma of the child. It is important to map this network of connections in order to better understand what environmental effects the child is trying to respond to - classified as abnormal and difficult to tolerate, but - with his adaptive behavior, coping attempts and cries for help. I try to present the intricacies of this and the attempts made to solve the revealed phenomena in the case of Ákos.

Introduction: Even though mental disorders present significant health burden worldwide, most patients with mental disorders do not receive adequate healthcare. The possibility of telemental health service came into prominence in Hungary due to the restriciton of face-to-face doctor-patient meetings. The present review, based on the last 20 years' scientific literature, aims to summarize the feasability, efficacy and effectivity of telemedicine services in child and adolescent psychiatry.

Method: A review by Gloff et al (17) summarized telepsychiatry service in children and adolescents before 2015. A literature search was generated in order to summarize current knowledge based on 3 international databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews és Web of Science) for scientific publi - cations after 2015. Search words were telemental health, children, adolescent, and telepsychiatry.

Results: International literature showed similar feasability, efficacy and effectivity of evidence based diagnostic and therapeutic methods in tele- child and adolescent psychiatry as in face-to-face services.

Conclusion: The application of telemedicine in child and adolescent psychiatry is internationally accepted, feasible and effective. Its widespread use in Hungary would require a professional protocol which specifies the conditions and advices of telemental health services in this age group.