Psychiatria Hungarica最新文献

Global climate crisis is a phenomenon that not only affects the environment but also has an impact on every person on Earth, including their physical and mental well-being. This paper aims to provide an overview of the indirect mental impacts of the climate crisis by presenting the most discussed eco-emotions. Eco-emotions are affective phenomena related to global climate crisis, such as eco-anxiety, eco-grief, and eco-guilt. The study also summarizes the social groups that are most vulnerable to experiencing the negative mental effects of climate change. Additionally, the paper gives a brief summary of adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms for dealing with eco-emotions, as well as therapeutic considerations that experts should take into account when working with affected individuals.

Recent research indicates that the risk of suicide attempts in autism spectrum disorder is substantially higher than in the general population. Although a number of factors may play a role in suicide, in the present review we focused on the meta-analyses that examined self-injurious behavior and suicide attempts in autism due to the importance of these factors. Results to date suggest that the risk of self-harming behavior and suicide attempts in autism is approximately three-times higher than in the general population. Of concern, are findings that suggest that women with autism are 5-13 times more likely to complete suicide than women without autism. It is noteworthy that the high-functioning autistic group has a significantly higher risk of suicide than the low-functioning group. By contrast, the risk of death from somatic causes is higher in the low-functioning autistic group. The results of this systematic overview of the available meta-analyses may help health care professionals, decision-makers, affected persons and their relatives to recognize self-injurious behavior and suicide risk in time, thereby facilitating prevention.

The circumstances of the encounter of the Weöres-Károlyi couple, as well as some dynamic details of their marriage, have been surrounded by considerable literary and public interest during the past decades. This interest however largely focused on the poetic oeuvre of Sándor Weöres and on his struggle with alcohol. However, the impact of this legendary encounter on Amy Károlyi's art has been a subject of few analyses. The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding on the impact of this encounter with Sándor Weöres and the life- and creative fellowship with him had on Amy Károlyi's art and life, as well as what creative influences can be identified in the couple's oeuvre. The study identifies the most common beliefs ("legends") regarding the Weöres-Károlyi couple, as well as the most important literary imprints of their marital and creative community and their effects on Károlyi's poetry through an overview of Károlyi's confessional works. Based on the revealed biographical and artistic associations, it can be concluded that despite the fact, that Amy Károlyi's literary work was fulfilled in her marriage, and creative fellowship with Weöres, her figure still appears in literary memory as the support and "savior" of her husband, Weöres.

Lou Salomé (1861-1937) left her native Russia at the age of nineteen and began her university studies in Zurich. During her long life, the famous and less famous men who came into contact with her almost without exception came under her influence. Some had passionate love, some had platonic love, and some had a "more than" master and student relationship. Was she a muse or a femme fatale? An analysis of her special life path provides an answer to the question.

Virginia Woolf was one of the most talented and innovative writers of the 20th century. In our study, we review the family background of Virginia Woolf, affective spectrum disorders occuring in her family, as well as the genetic and psychosocial factors, such as the writer's childhood traumatization and coping strategies, which influenced the course and symptoms of her bipolar disorder. We summarize the data which are related to the supposed neuroprogressive processes and suicidal behaviour.

Two paintings by the Dutch-born painter Vincent van Gogh of his own and his friend Paul Gauguin's chair in Arles have had a major impact on twentieth and twenty-first century art, in the visual and photographic arts, literature and film. The literature interpreting the paintings, particularly art history, art psychology and psychiatry, agrees that the two paintings, painted in a psychotic state, can be seen as a coping response to van Gogh's fear of death, a kind of mourning. There is, however, another interpretation of the paintings, which emerges when the two paintings are seen as a unified whole. In this case, the picture refers to the relationship between artistic and emotional commitment, and conveys the message that the painter's artistic mission does not tolerate a partner, and that he must sacrifice his private life for his art. This concept is in line with the basic idea of the poem "Choice" by the Nobel Prize-winning Irish poet Samuel Butler Yeats. In some examples from the history of art, such as Csontváry, Gulácsy and Cézanne, creative and private life are indeed mutually exclusive, but in others, such as Leonardo da Vinci, Bach, Woolf and Joyce, artistic and emotional commitment have proved compatible.

The primary aim of this paper is to provide an analysis of the psychological dimensions underlying Vivian Maier's self-portraits. It presents information about the life and relationships of the artist, who lived as a nanny and left behind a photographic oeuvre that has remained unknown for years, as well as the impressions that those who knew her formed of her, and the role of photography in Maier's life. This is followed by an examination of the self-portraits, both in terms of the content and the underlying psychological processes that are thought to be behind them. In addition to psychodynamic interpretation, theories and concepts from existential psychology will provide a framework. By exploring the psychological contexts embedded in the images, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of Vivian Maier as an artist and as a person.

The Dynamic Drawing Examination (DRV) is a method developed by István Hárdi, which holds a significant position in the history of the psychology of visual expression. Hárdi began to create this method in 1956 and developed it over 67 years. The DRV focuses on the dynamic process of clinical and drawing changes, distinguishing among various aspects including formal categories, content features, personality levels, and temporal changes. The method pays special attention to avoiding signes-fixed and prejudicial psychoanalytic interpretations. During the evaluation, participants are asked to create a human drawing, an animal drawing, and a free drawing, which are then assessed based on the principle of confrontation and comparative analysis. The DRV represented an important advancement in psychiatric and psychological diagnostics, as it was built on new perspectives instead of traditional approaches.

Backgrund: Bupropion (BUP) is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor frequently used in prisons. Although its positive effects on depression treatment are often presented, there are many questions about its approved use in prisons and similar facilities. In this context, this article aims to present two case reports of BUP XL unapproved use and a review of the mechanism of action, formulations, and the clinical profile of BUP.

Methods: Two case reports. The patients' data for the case reports were obtained from their medical records. A PubMed search was conducted using the terms BUP, inmates, and efficacy to identify randomized and non-randomized controlled trials and case reports to evaluate the possible effects of BUP in prison settings. Only approved medications were included.

Results: The positive effects of BUP XL on major depressive disorder treatment are well-reported, but few reports are on the pharmacokinetics of BUP XL in prisons. The exact mechanism of its effect on the central nervous system is predominantly connected with its unique pharmacokinetics.

Conclusions: This paper shows that BUP XL will continue to play an essential role in treating a major depressive disorder in adults in prisons and other related disorders, although a different treatment strategy should be preferred in patients with high addictive potential. Because of a similar mechanism of action, the most appropriate alternatives for BUP XL could be mirtazapine, agomelatine, aripiprazole, and quetiapine, although clinical trials are needed to confirm these alternatives.

Objectives: Mental health of university students has become a public health priority: approximately one quarter of them reported depression. Besides the classic risk factors, more studies are focusing on the phenomena of the digital world. As women are particularly at risk for depression, in the present study, we analyzed depressive symptoms in college girls exploring the role of online self-disclosure and social media addiction.

Methods: Data were collected using a self-reported online questionnaire shared on social networking sites. The study sample consisted of college girls aged 15-30 years (N=237; M= 23.2; SD=2.8 years). Our questionnaire package included the Beck Depression Inventory, the Revised Self-Disclosure Scale, and the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. In addition to descriptive statistics and calculations of correlation coefficients, the analysis focused on multivariate linear regression analysis.

Results: In the multivariate analysis, we found that a specific pattern of online self-disclosure in relation to depressive symptoms emerges: in terms of the content shared about themselves, college girls prone to depression tend to be more likely to disclose less (quantity: ß=-0.12, p< 0.05), but deeper/more intimate (depth: ß=0.22, p<0.001), and also more negative (positivity: ß=-0.34, p<0.001) and less honest (honesty: ß=-0.29, p<0.001) information. Social media addiction remained a significant predictor along with online self-disclosure variables, but its role decreased (ß=0.15, p<0.05).

Conclusions: The dangers of self-disclosure on social media platforms should be highlighted in prevention and treatment, especially because people with mental health problems tend to spend a lot of time online, which in many cases they find safer than face-to-face interactions.