Psychiatria Hungarica最新文献

The situation of people with different sexual orientations and gender identities varies worldwide depending on the legal and social situation despite a formal depathologization in the medical classification systems DSM 1973 and ICD 1991. The spectrum ranges from equality to discrimination and exclusion to social ostracism, sometimes combined with legal persecution, in some countries even with the threat of a death penalty. On the basis of a historical overview of the medical-social discourse, it will be shown which scientific and societal advances make depathologization possible, although even in today's times a consistent and sustainable effect of this depathologization appears to be increasingly difficult in some countries, and in some cases even a societal re-pathologization is taking place. Aspects of persistent medical and societal stigma on the health of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) people are highlighted. Scientific models that empirically explain the increased risk of mental illness among LGBT people as a result of various forms of stigma and guidelines for psychotherapeutic treatment are presented. In an outlook, the continuing precarious situation of sexual minorities worldwide is pointed out and the importance of medical, social and political destig matization as a prerequisite for the mental health of LGBT people is emphasized. Non-discriminatory legislation is an important element in addition to medical statements and medical guidelines for treatment.

Psycho-physiological studies suggest that social rejection leads to social distress and favours impulsivity. We therefore investigated changes in behavioural impulsivity after exposure to social rejection by taking into account impulsive personality traits and changes to affective states. 30 university students were recruited. The Go/No-go task assessed behavioural impulsivity, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale measured impulsive personality traits, and Likert scales measured affective states. A video clip and a writing exercise were used to induce stress. We found that impulsive error responses increased significantly after exposure. Decreased level of excitement and of loneliness were reported after stress. Distress caused by social rejection increased impulsive behaviour, but the degree of this change could not be associated with trait impulsivity, and was reported subjectively.

Today mental health services face various challenges for which they are barely or not at all prepared under current structural, functional and financial circumstances, while the mental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are yet to be fully recognized. In Hungary, health and social services provide mental health services collectively, although simul taneously: in many cases, vertical and horizontal cooperation tends to be incidental or completely lacking among treatment types and stages, causing perplexing patient journeys, significant regional disparities, and deficiencies in the necessary multidisciplinary approach. In our thesis, first we start from the definition of health by WHO, which brings well-being to the forefront, then we attempt to present a comprehensive assessment of the current situation of the Hungarian social and health care system regarding mental health, introducing international and domestic statistics along with foreign national public policy programmes. Finally, with particular attention to the recommendations of various professional programmes, we present a proposal for the reform and development of integrated social and health care systems. Along with delivering a keynote address, we hope to attract the critical attention of a wide range of mental health professionals with our proposed programme.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Sex and gender are essential, inalienable characteristics of the human being permeating the biological, psychological, interpersonal, social, transcendental aspects of our existence. Human sexual development takes place in the context of physical, emotional, cognitive, and social development, beginning at conception and continuing throughout life. It is influenced by biological maturation and complex interactions of psychological, interpersonal, cultural factors and (physical) environmental conditions. Using a developmental-psychopathology approach, we summarise our under standing of the life course-specific features of sexual development, placing them in the broader context of development. We will address gender differences, the development of gender-related concepts, sexual orientation, gender identity, and the development of sexual behaviour at different stages of life. In the field of sexual development and gender, science is often pushed to its limits. It is important that professionals express their opinions and make their decisions with due caution and objectivity.

Background and aims: Separation from parents and finding an identity are among the most important tasks of adolescence. To successfully solve these tasks parental and family support are essential. Parental socialization goals are a set of values that offers adolescents to identify with on the one hand and affects the parent-child relationship on the other hand. Through identification and relational processes, parental socialization goals could be related to adolescents' satisfaction with life. In our study, we investigated the organization of parental socialization goals in parents of adolescents. On the other hand, we wanted to reveal the potential link between parental socialization goals and adolescents' satisfaction with life.

Method: Ninety-eight families with two biological parents and adolescents (51 boys and 47 girls) participated in our study. Both parents completed a questionnaire on parental socialization goals. We also used a questionnaire to have adolescents report their satisfaction with life.

Results: Maternal and paternal socialization goals with regard to interdependence formed two components. The two components were labelled obedience-oriented parenting goals and other-oriented parenting goals. Maternal and paternal socialization goals with regard to independence formed two components based on the person of the parent. We labelled these components maternal identity-oriented parenting goals and paternal identity-oriented parenting goals. Adolescents' satisfaction with life positively correlated with obedience-oriented parenting goals.

Conclusions: Results are discussed with regard to age-relevant characteristics of the relationship between adolescents and their families. The unexpected positive link between obedience-oriented parenting goals and adolescents' satis faction with life can be solved with a focus on concepts relevant to adolescence (identity development), parenting (parenting practices), and family (family relational schemata).

Objectives: A nationwide survey in Hungary found that 22 out of 58 psychiatric units performed ECT in 2014. Shortly after identifying the first COVID cases, strict control measures were introduced, and the hospital system was fundamentally transformed in the country that affected ECT provision as well. The aim of the current study was to survey the changes in ECT use in Hungary during the four waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: All the psychiatric units that indicated they had performed ECT in 2014 were sent a semi-structured question naire requesting information about changes in ECT practice and the treatment profile of the unit. If there was no reply, a follow-up telephone call was made.

Results: There were only 3 centers where ECT was performed throughout all four waves of COVID. In nine centers (47%) ECT was suspended in all four waves. The main reason why ECT was halted during COVID was the restructuring of psychiatric inpatient care: six centers were fully transformed into general COVID units, and in the remaining 13 the number of psychiatric beds was reduced in favor of general COVID care. Staff shortage constituted another barrier to the provision of ECT. The number of infected patients in a wave of COVID-19 showed a significant negative correlation with the number of active ECT centers (p=0.05). No COVID-infected patient received ECT in Hungary.

Conclusions: During the COVID pandemic in Hungary, nearly half of the ECT services were suspended and thus a number of patients missed out on receiving an effective treatment.

Background: The World Wide Web along with online social media has significantly changed the dynamics of communication. Information is easier and faster to access, but at the same time the relevance of the content often remains questionable, often confronting users with half-truths and untruths. Information consumption patterns have also changed a lot, allowing more room for the emergence of deviant, provocative behaviors through anonymity. The latter form of behavior can have different effects depending on its intensity and content, including, the polarization of opinions or the negative influence on users 'psychological wellbeing'. In our current article the literature on the pheno menon known as trolling in Internet slang was reviewed in order to better understand its nature and its possible effects.

Method: Our systematic literature review was based on a computer search of the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases framed by the PRISMA guideline. The following keywords were used: "Internet" OR "Facebook" OR "Twitter" OR "Instagram" AND "troll" OR "trolling".

Result: Based on the mentioned methon, a total number of 4575 articles were identified. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria 24 articles were included in the final sample. The results and experiences of the published papers were presented according to the subgroups formed on the basis of the purpose of the studies.

Conclusion: Included articles focused primarily on understanding the motivation of trolling behavior and their impact on online behavior. However, the possible impact of trolls on individuals was left out of focus, leaving many open questions behind.

The presenile dermatozoic delusion, subsequently referred to as Ekbom's syndrome and delusional parasitosis is a rare chronic condition, having an undetermined etiology and rising challenging treatment approaches. The diagnosis of delusional parasitosis can be presumed on the basis of the clinical history, but it is important to thoroughly assess the existence of an underlying systemic disorder or unrecognized skin disorder. A skin examination must be performed to rule out an infestation or a skin disorder. We present a 63-year-old diabetic woman with a high level of resilience towards the psychiatric treatment for whom we successfully offered outpatient psychiatric and dermatological assistance during the pandemic COVID-19. The trigger for a successful treatment scheme in outpatient care in a case of delusional parasitosis was the close and trustful relationship between the patient and the doctor. Different pharmacological treatments were approached and adjusted according to the patient adherence and the objective result (quetiapine XR, duloxetine, risperidone, olanzapine, and lamotrigine along with chronic disease treatment and wound management). Having a mutual agreed objective criteria for the treatment outcome, and creating a throughout examination scheme with frequent medical checks, increased the patient adherence to the treatment.