Abstract The influence of Nd3+ A site charge unbalanced substitution on the microwave properties and crystal structure of (Pb0.48Ca0.52)(Fe0.5Nb0.5 )O3 ceramics has been investigated. For Nd3+ content x ≤ 2 mol-%, specimens can be produced with a single phase of perovskite structure. Other specimens with Nd3+ content x > 2 mol-% possessed PbO–Nb2O5 pyrochlore phase, with linearly increasing content with increasing x. Permittivity first increased and then gradually decreased as Nd3+ content increased to 20 mol-%. The unloaded quality factor Qf reached a maximum of 5210 GHz when Nd3+ content reached 5 mol-%. At higher Nd3+ content, the relative content of pyrochlore phase began to exceed 14.5%, and Qf degenerated. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequencies could be effectively controlled from 37.8 to 0.9 ppm K-1. A small value of 7.8 ppm K-1 was obtained in the [(Pb0.48Ca0.52)1-x Ndx](Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 system when x = 0.05 and the permittivity and Qf value were 87.9 and 5210 GHz respectively. The relationship between microwave dielectric properties and crystal structure is also discussed.
{"title":"Microwave dielectric properties of (PbCa)(FeNb)O3 ceramics with A site Nd3+ substitution","authors":"D. Zhou, M. Hu, Shaohu Jiang, J. Huang, H. Gu","doi":"10.1179/096797804X929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804X929","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The influence of Nd3+ A site charge unbalanced substitution on the microwave properties and crystal structure of (Pb0.48Ca0.52)(Fe0.5Nb0.5 )O3 ceramics has been investigated. For Nd3+ content x ≤ 2 mol-%, specimens can be produced with a single phase of perovskite structure. Other specimens with Nd3+ content x > 2 mol-% possessed PbO–Nb2O5 pyrochlore phase, with linearly increasing content with increasing x. Permittivity first increased and then gradually decreased as Nd3+ content increased to 20 mol-%. The unloaded quality factor Qf reached a maximum of 5210 GHz when Nd3+ content reached 5 mol-%. At higher Nd3+ content, the relative content of pyrochlore phase began to exceed 14.5%, and Qf degenerated. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequencies could be effectively controlled from 37.8 to 0.9 ppm K-1. A small value of 7.8 ppm K-1 was obtained in the [(Pb0.48Ca0.52)1-x Ndx](Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 system when x = 0.05 and the permittivity and Qf value were 87.9 and 5210 GHz respectively. The relationship between microwave dielectric properties and crystal structure is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126815192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The influence of Cr2O3, TiO2 and ZrO2 on the sintering, crystallisation and machinability of SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–K2O–B2O3–F glasses was investigated. Optimum fluoromica glass ceramic compositions with desirable sintering behaviour and machinability were obtained by addition of titanium and chromium oxides to the base glass. Texture and relative intensity of mica phase Imica/ISi were determined by XRD analysis and the particle size distribution of chips was studied by drilling. Microhardness and bending strength were also investigated. The relative intensity of mica phase and microhardness were found to be compatible with the experimental results.
{"title":"Influence of TiO2, Cr2O3 and ZrO2 on sintering and machinability of fluorophlogopite glass ceramics","authors":"B. Eftekhari Yekta, S. Hasheminia, P. Alizadeh","doi":"10.1179/096797804X938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804X938","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The influence of Cr2O3, TiO2 and ZrO2 on the sintering, crystallisation and machinability of SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–K2O–B2O3–F glasses was investigated. Optimum fluoromica glass ceramic compositions with desirable sintering behaviour and machinability were obtained by addition of titanium and chromium oxides to the base glass. Texture and relative intensity of mica phase Imica/ISi were determined by XRD analysis and the particle size distribution of chips was studied by drilling. Microhardness and bending strength were also investigated. The relative intensity of mica phase and microhardness were found to be compatible with the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125469437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-01DOI: 10.1179/096797804225018633
A. Shaula, V. Kharton, F. Marques, A. Kovalevsky, A. P. Viskup, E. N. Naumovich
Abstract The oxygen permeability of oxide composite membranes containing similar volume fractions of the components, including (La0.9 Sr0.1)0.98 Ga0.8 Mg0.2 O3-δ(LSGM)–La0.8 Sr0.2Fe0.8Co0.2O3-δ (LSFC), LSGM–La2Ni0.8Cu0.2O4+δ (LNC), SrCoO3-δ–Sr2Fe3O6.5 ±δ, Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ (CGO)–LSFC and CGO–La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-δ (LSM), was studied at 973–1223 K. In most cases, oxygen transport is substantially affected by component interaction, decreasing ionic conductivity due to cation interdiffusion, and formation of intermediate phases and/or blocking layers at grain boundaries. This interaction is maximised in systems where the phase components have similar structure and thus may form continuous solid solutions, for example LSGM–LSFC, or intermediate compounds such as Roddlesden–Popper phases in LSGM–LNC composites. The results show that, in addition to knowledge of the transport properties and volume fractions of percolating phases, analysis of ionic conduction in oxide composite materials requires assessment of phase interaction and grain boundary processes.
{"title":"Phase interaction and oxygen transport in oxide composite materials","authors":"A. Shaula, V. Kharton, F. Marques, A. Kovalevsky, A. P. Viskup, E. N. Naumovich","doi":"10.1179/096797804225018633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804225018633","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The oxygen permeability of oxide composite membranes containing similar volume fractions of the components, including (La0.9 Sr0.1)0.98 Ga0.8 Mg0.2 O3-δ(LSGM)–La0.8 Sr0.2Fe0.8Co0.2O3-δ (LSFC), LSGM–La2Ni0.8Cu0.2O4+δ (LNC), SrCoO3-δ–Sr2Fe3O6.5 ±δ, Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ (CGO)–LSFC and CGO–La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-δ (LSM), was studied at 973–1223 K. In most cases, oxygen transport is substantially affected by component interaction, decreasing ionic conductivity due to cation interdiffusion, and formation of intermediate phases and/or blocking layers at grain boundaries. This interaction is maximised in systems where the phase components have similar structure and thus may form continuous solid solutions, for example LSGM–LSFC, or intermediate compounds such as Roddlesden–Popper phases in LSGM–LNC composites. The results show that, in addition to knowledge of the transport properties and volume fractions of percolating phases, analysis of ionic conduction in oxide composite materials requires assessment of phase interaction and grain boundary processes.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128525253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-10-01DOI: 10.1179/096797804225018705
N. Khalil, M. Zawrah
Abstract Six batches consisting of different percentages of barite, kaolin and calcined alumina were sintered at 1500–1600°C for 3 h to produce self-formed mullite containing barium silicate cements. The compositions of the cement mixes were investigated using X-ray diffraction. Physicomechanical, sintering and refractory properties were tested according to standard specifications. Each of the mixes, composed mainly of varying proportions of mullite and dibarium silicate minerals, showed different behaviour. The best compromise between cementing, sintering and refractory properties was provided by the mix prepared from 60 wt-% barite, 25 wt-% kaolin and 15 wt-% calcined alumina, consisting of about 54 wt-% dibarium silicate and 33 wt-% mullite. Self-formed mullite containing castable prepared from 15 wt-% of a fine powder of the chosen mix as the cement and 85 wt-% of graded aggregate of the same mix showed good volume stability, high mechanical properties, high thermal shock resistance as well as high loadbearing capacity.
{"title":"Self-formed mullite containing refractory barium silicate cements and their castable applications","authors":"N. Khalil, M. Zawrah","doi":"10.1179/096797804225018705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804225018705","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Six batches consisting of different percentages of barite, kaolin and calcined alumina were sintered at 1500–1600°C for 3 h to produce self-formed mullite containing barium silicate cements. The compositions of the cement mixes were investigated using X-ray diffraction. Physicomechanical, sintering and refractory properties were tested according to standard specifications. Each of the mixes, composed mainly of varying proportions of mullite and dibarium silicate minerals, showed different behaviour. The best compromise between cementing, sintering and refractory properties was provided by the mix prepared from 60 wt-% barite, 25 wt-% kaolin and 15 wt-% calcined alumina, consisting of about 54 wt-% dibarium silicate and 33 wt-% mullite. Self-formed mullite containing castable prepared from 15 wt-% of a fine powder of the chosen mix as the cement and 85 wt-% of graded aggregate of the same mix showed good volume stability, high mechanical properties, high thermal shock resistance as well as high loadbearing capacity.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123830173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. L. Vyshnyakova, L. Pereselentseva, Z. G. Cambaz, G. Yushin, Y. Gogotsi
Abstract Whiskers of β-SiC have been produced on the surfaces of polycrystalline SiC fibres by carbothermal synthesis. The growth of whiskers occurred simultaneously with siliconisation of the carbon fibres. The chemical composition, structure and morphology of the whiskers were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman microspectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the presence of silica on the surface of initially carbonised fibres was essential for whiskerisation. Nucleation and growth of the whiskers followed the vapour–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism. The diameter of the whiskers produced ranged from 100 to 300 nm and the average aspect ratio was about 300. Owing to the small size of the whiskers, they are expected to provide more efficient reinforcement in composites than conventional whiskers of larger diameter.
{"title":"Whiskerisation of polycrystalline SiC fibres during synthesis","authors":"K. L. Vyshnyakova, L. Pereselentseva, Z. G. Cambaz, G. Yushin, Y. Gogotsi","doi":"10.1179/096797804X4556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804X4556","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Whiskers of β-SiC have been produced on the surfaces of polycrystalline SiC fibres by carbothermal synthesis. The growth of whiskers occurred simultaneously with siliconisation of the carbon fibres. The chemical composition, structure and morphology of the whiskers were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman microspectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the presence of silica on the surface of initially carbonised fibres was essential for whiskerisation. Nucleation and growth of the whiskers followed the vapour–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism. The diameter of the whiskers produced ranged from 100 to 300 nm and the average aspect ratio was about 300. Owing to the small size of the whiskers, they are expected to provide more efficient reinforcement in composites than conventional whiskers of larger diameter.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115725900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1179/096797804225018732
G. Ren, P. Hogg, D. Woolstencroft
Abstract Low cost ceramic moulding composites (CMCs) are composed of inorganic metal silicates, fillers and different types of chopped fibre reinforcements such as glass fibres (AR50/1 or AR62/2). The impact properties of CMCs were investigated by instrumented falling weight impact testing. Variations in impact energy absorption were examined as a function of fibre length and volume fraction. Processing and moulding conditions were also studied, revealing differences in interfacial shear strength between matrix and reinforcement when different moulding temperatures were used. This in turn induced differences in energy absorption during impact testing.
{"title":"Low cost ceramic moulding composites: impact properties","authors":"G. Ren, P. Hogg, D. Woolstencroft","doi":"10.1179/096797804225018732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804225018732","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Low cost ceramic moulding composites (CMCs) are composed of inorganic metal silicates, fillers and different types of chopped fibre reinforcements such as glass fibres (AR50/1 or AR62/2). The impact properties of CMCs were investigated by instrumented falling weight impact testing. Variations in impact energy absorption were examined as a function of fibre length and volume fraction. Processing and moulding conditions were also studied, revealing differences in interfacial shear strength between matrix and reinforcement when different moulding temperatures were used. This in turn induced differences in energy absorption during impact testing.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123299449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1179/096797804225018714
J. Otero, F. Blanco, M. P. García, J. Ayala
Abstract One of the residues or byproducts generated in coal burning power plants that consume pulverised solid fuels is fly ash. Owing to its morphological characteristics, physicochemical properties and pozzolanic activity, this residue has potential for use in the production of refractory insulating bricks in combination with clays, a binder (sodium silicate) and a foaming agent (hydrogen peroxide 50%). The bricks thus obtained present the appropriate characteristics of mechanical resistance, porosity and thermal conductivity.
{"title":"Manufacture of refractory insulating bricks using fly ash and clay","authors":"J. Otero, F. Blanco, M. P. García, J. Ayala","doi":"10.1179/096797804225018714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804225018714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the residues or byproducts generated in coal burning power plants that consume pulverised solid fuels is fly ash. Owing to its morphological characteristics, physicochemical properties and pozzolanic activity, this residue has potential for use in the production of refractory insulating bricks in combination with clays, a binder (sodium silicate) and a foaming agent (hydrogen peroxide 50%). The bricks thus obtained present the appropriate characteristics of mechanical resistance, porosity and thermal conductivity.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"330 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122744301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1179/096797804225018679
H. I. Saleh
Abstract Zinc oxide samples with different contents of Sb2O3 with or without Cr2O3 and CoO have been prepared by conventional ceramic processing for use as varistors. Reaction sintering was performed at 1200 and 1300°C. X-ray studies indicate that the mixtures contained mainly zincite phase together with two different chemical formulas of spinel-like structure, β-Zn7Sb2O12 and Zn2.33Sb0.67O4, at 1200 and 1300°C respectively. ZnCr2O4 and CoCr2O4 were also formed as spinel-like structures besides Zn2.33Sb0.67O4 and zincite phase in the mixtures doped with Cr2O3 and CoO at 1200 and 1300°C. Variation in current–voltage (I–V) characteristics is discussed in terms of microstructural and crystallographic changes in the varistors. The addition of Cr2O3 and CoO to the ZnO varistors containing Sb2O3 has been confirmed to be effective in enhancing non-linear behaviour.
{"title":"Preparation and characterisation of Sb2O3 with or without Cr2O3 and CoO containing ZnO varistors","authors":"H. I. Saleh","doi":"10.1179/096797804225018679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804225018679","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Zinc oxide samples with different contents of Sb2O3 with or without Cr2O3 and CoO have been prepared by conventional ceramic processing for use as varistors. Reaction sintering was performed at 1200 and 1300°C. X-ray studies indicate that the mixtures contained mainly zincite phase together with two different chemical formulas of spinel-like structure, β-Zn7Sb2O12 and Zn2.33Sb0.67O4, at 1200 and 1300°C respectively. ZnCr2O4 and CoCr2O4 were also formed as spinel-like structures besides Zn2.33Sb0.67O4 and zincite phase in the mixtures doped with Cr2O3 and CoO at 1200 and 1300°C. Variation in current–voltage (I–V) characteristics is discussed in terms of microstructural and crystallographic changes in the varistors. The addition of Cr2O3 and CoO to the ZnO varistors containing Sb2O3 has been confirmed to be effective in enhancing non-linear behaviour.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131019621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1179/096797804225018741
Hyoun-woo Kim, N. Kim, C. Lee
Abstract An investigation has been made into the structural and optical properties of gallium oxide Ga2O3 films grown on Si(111) substrates by the metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) technique, and annealed in the temperature range 750–1050°C. Post-deposition annealing of amorphous Ga2O3 was found to generate b phase grains. Photoluminescence spectra indicated that the annealed Ga2O3 films had a blue-green emission at 470 nm and an ultraviolet emission at 365 nm.
{"title":"Structural and optical properties of annealed Ga2O3 films on Si(111) substrates","authors":"Hyoun-woo Kim, N. Kim, C. Lee","doi":"10.1179/096797804225018741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804225018741","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An investigation has been made into the structural and optical properties of gallium oxide Ga2O3 films grown on Si(111) substrates by the metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) technique, and annealed in the temperature range 750–1050°C. Post-deposition annealing of amorphous Ga2O3 was found to generate b phase grains. Photoluminescence spectra indicated that the annealed Ga2O3 films had a blue-green emission at 470 nm and an ultraviolet emission at 365 nm.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114841987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1179/096797804225018651
S. Kumar, S. Das, P. K. Daspoddar
Abstract Refractory aggregates were synthesised from beneficiated fly ash by reaction sintering with calcined alumina at 1600°C, and 83% mullite yield was achieved. The aggregates had low porosity, low thermal expansion and good refractoriness. To study compatibility in castable refractories, the aggregates were used in high alumina cement based low cement castables and their thermomechanical behaviour was studied. Microstructural characterisation revealed that the emergence of new bond phases such as mullite and calcium hexa-aluminate had a beneficial effect on the hot modulus of rupture and creep resistance of castables. An attempt was made to establish a structure–property relationship.
{"title":"Synthesis of mullite aggregates from fly ash: effect on thermomechanical behaviour of low cement castables","authors":"S. Kumar, S. Das, P. K. Daspoddar","doi":"10.1179/096797804225018651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797804225018651","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Refractory aggregates were synthesised from beneficiated fly ash by reaction sintering with calcined alumina at 1600°C, and 83% mullite yield was achieved. The aggregates had low porosity, low thermal expansion and good refractoriness. To study compatibility in castable refractories, the aggregates were used in high alumina cement based low cement castables and their thermomechanical behaviour was studied. Microstructural characterisation revealed that the emergence of new bond phases such as mullite and calcium hexa-aluminate had a beneficial effect on the hot modulus of rupture and creep resistance of castables. An attempt was made to establish a structure–property relationship.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132807394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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