Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427322x16532053914713
L. Usher
In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, millions of people experienced travel disruptions and tourism destinations felt the economic sting of low visitor numbers. Using online interviews, this study followed 29 surfers over the course of 6 months to explore their experiences of the pandemic as travelers and hosts within tourism destinations in the U.S., Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Australia, the Caribbean, and Latin America. It examines the effect of the pandemic on their travel plans, travel experiences, and tourism destinations where they lived. Many participants experienced travel disruptions and had to go through different decision-making and behavioral processes when they did travel. They also had conflicting feelings about decreased numbers of tourists at the beginning of the pandemic and when tourists began to return. The results have implications for travel companies to maintain flexible policies and the need to diversify coastal economies and possibly implement more separation between tourists and residents.
{"title":"Hosts and guests: Surfers’ experiences of travel and tourism in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"L. Usher","doi":"10.3727/154427322x16532053914713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427322x16532053914713","url":null,"abstract":"In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, millions of people experienced travel disruptions and tourism destinations felt the economic sting of low visitor numbers. Using online interviews, this study followed 29 surfers over the course of 6 months to explore their experiences of the pandemic as travelers and hosts within tourism destinations in the U.S., Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Australia, the Caribbean, and Latin America. It examines the effect of the pandemic on their travel plans, travel experiences, and tourism destinations where they lived. Many participants experienced travel disruptions and had to go through different decision-making and behavioral processes when they did travel. They also had conflicting feelings about decreased numbers of tourists at the beginning of the pandemic and when tourists began to return. The results have implications for travel companies to maintain flexible policies and the need to diversify coastal economies and possibly implement more separation between tourists and residents.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-16DOI: 10.3727/154427321X16101028725332
J. Ziegler, G. Araujo, Jessica Labaja, Sally J. Snow, A. Ponzo, Rick B. Rollins, P. Dearden
Wildlife tourism can act as an incentive for the conservation of marine species and habitats. One of the most important outcomes can be a change in the views of participants towards target species and their habitats that may promote more conservation-oriented actions. While a handful of studies have documented the wildlife value orientations (WVOs) of tourists participating in marine wildlife tourism, no studies have explored the WVOs of locals working in tourism. However, it is equally important to understand the WVOs of locals working in community-based tourism, and whether these are linked with changes in locals' attitudes and behaviors towards marine wildlife and the ocean. This article assesses the WVOs of locals working in community-based whale shark tourism at four sites in the Philippines, and explores the relationship between WVOs and conservation attitudes and behaviors using a mixed methods approach with a total of 114 structured interviews. Three WVO groups were identified (mixed utilitarian–protectionist, moderate protectionist, and high protectionist), suggesting a WVO continuum. Those respondents with more protectionist views reported more conservation outcomes, including changes in attitudes and behaviors to protect whale sharks. Further, respondents who worked in tourism had more protectionist views than those from a failed tourism site, indicating that tourism can change communities by helping locals value their marine resources and incentivizing protection of those resources.
{"title":"Exploring the Wildlife Value Orientations of Locals Working in Community-Based Marine Wildlife Tourism in the Philippines","authors":"J. Ziegler, G. Araujo, Jessica Labaja, Sally J. Snow, A. Ponzo, Rick B. Rollins, P. Dearden","doi":"10.3727/154427321X16101028725332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321X16101028725332","url":null,"abstract":"Wildlife tourism can act as an incentive for the conservation of marine species and habitats. One of the most important outcomes can be a change in the views of participants towards target species and their habitats that may promote more conservation-oriented actions. While a handful\u0000 of studies have documented the wildlife value orientations (WVOs) of tourists participating in marine wildlife tourism, no studies have explored the WVOs of locals working in tourism. However, it is equally important to understand the WVOs of locals working in community-based tourism, and\u0000 whether these are linked with changes in locals' attitudes and behaviors towards marine wildlife and the ocean. This article assesses the WVOs of locals working in community-based whale shark tourism at four sites in the Philippines, and explores the relationship between WVOs and conservation\u0000 attitudes and behaviors using a mixed methods approach with a total of 114 structured interviews. Three WVO groups were identified (mixed utilitarian–protectionist, moderate protectionist, and high protectionist), suggesting a WVO continuum. Those respondents with more protectionist\u0000 views reported more conservation outcomes, including changes in attitudes and behaviors to protect whale sharks. Further, respondents who worked in tourism had more protectionist views than those from a failed tourism site, indicating that tourism can change communities by helping locals value\u0000 their marine resources and incentivizing protection of those resources.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"16 1","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42006844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-16DOI: 10.3727/154427321X16116554968649
J. Wilks
{"title":"Customer Care in Marine Environments for the New Normal","authors":"J. Wilks","doi":"10.3727/154427321X16116554968649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321X16116554968649","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"16 1","pages":"59-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49637700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427321x16232408301759
Melissa Weber, J. Dawson, E. Stewart, A. Orawiec
There is limited data on marine tourism traffic (cruise ships and pleasure craft) and on-shore locations visited by cruise ships in the Canadian Arctic. Marine tourism vessels represent 11.8% of all vessel voyages transiting within the Canadian Arctic, which is significant as these vessels "go off the beaten path" seeking out natural and cultural experiences. Given the vast landscape of the Canadian Arctic, as well as the fact that not all on-shore sites require a permit to visit, there is uncertainty as to where marine tourism vessels are disembarking passengers onto land. This research utilizes databases with information on marine tourism voyages (i.e. ship traffic) from 1990-2019 and shore locations from 2008-2019 to better understand the current scale and scope of the sector. Data on marine tourism voyages was acquired from the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Archive and shore location information were compiled from planned publicly available cruise ship itineraries. The results show that marine tourism vessels and related shore activities have been steadily increasing over time, while also illustrating and highlighting the infancy of the Canadian Arctic marine tourism industry as a total of 150 unique on-shore locations have been advertised to tourists from 2008 to 2019 with a minimum of 44 different on-shore locations advertised each season. This paper advances and improves our understanding of the marine tourism industry and is vital for the management and planning of a sustainable tourism industry that ensures both respect of the northern ecosystems and environment and the rights and traditions of Indigenous northerners.
{"title":"AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF PLANNED CRUISE SHIP ITINERARIES AND VOYAGES IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC","authors":"Melissa Weber, J. Dawson, E. Stewart, A. Orawiec","doi":"10.3727/154427321x16232408301759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321x16232408301759","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited data on marine tourism traffic (cruise ships and pleasure craft) and on-shore locations visited by cruise ships in the Canadian Arctic. Marine tourism vessels represent 11.8% of all vessel voyages transiting within the Canadian Arctic, which is significant as these vessels \"go off the beaten path\" seeking out natural and cultural experiences. Given the vast landscape of the Canadian Arctic, as well as the fact that not all on-shore sites require a permit to visit, there is uncertainty as to where marine tourism vessels are disembarking passengers onto land. This research utilizes databases with information on marine tourism voyages (i.e. ship traffic) from 1990-2019 and shore locations from 2008-2019 to better understand the current scale and scope of the sector. Data on marine tourism voyages was acquired from the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Archive and shore location information were compiled from planned publicly available cruise ship itineraries. The results show that marine tourism vessels and related shore activities have been steadily increasing over time, while also illustrating and highlighting the infancy of the Canadian Arctic marine tourism industry as a total of 150 unique on-shore locations have been advertised to tourists from 2008 to 2019 with a minimum of 44 different on-shore locations advertised each season. This paper advances and improves our understanding of the marine tourism industry and is vital for the management and planning of a sustainable tourism industry that ensures both respect of the northern ecosystems and environment and the rights and traditions of Indigenous northerners.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427321x16273677029902
C. D. Pagel
Commercial in-water interactions (IWIs) with wildlife may hold potential risks for their participants. Precautionary mechanisms for mitigating such risk factors are crucial for safe human-wildlife encounters. One of those tools is the provision of skilled in-water guides, yet across the industry, it is not a standard practice. This paper communicates the relevance of in water guides for the safety and wellbeing of tour participants, substantiated by semi-structured interview data obtained in three case study locations in the South Pacific. Participants interacting with humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) and bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) reported various benefits from the presence of in-water guides, including anxiety relief, elevated confidence and perception of safety, and obtainment of information on animal behaviour. Apart from tourist safety, a deployment of in-water guides would also constitute an effective way of managing inappropriate tourist behaviour. Hence, the results of this study strongly suggest the inclusion of in-water guides in commercial operations for tourist safety and management in future licensing schemes.
{"title":"The relevance of skilled in-water guides in swim-with wildlife tours","authors":"C. D. Pagel","doi":"10.3727/154427321x16273677029902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321x16273677029902","url":null,"abstract":"Commercial in-water interactions (IWIs) with wildlife may hold potential risks for their participants. Precautionary mechanisms for mitigating such risk factors are crucial for safe human-wildlife encounters. One of those tools is the provision of skilled in-water guides, yet across the industry, it is not a standard practice. This paper communicates the relevance of in water guides for the safety and wellbeing of tour participants, substantiated by semi-structured interview data obtained in three case study locations in the South Pacific. Participants interacting with humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) and bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) reported various benefits from the presence of in-water guides, including anxiety relief, elevated confidence and perception of safety, and obtainment of information on animal behaviour. Apart from tourist safety, a deployment of in-water guides would also constitute an effective way of managing inappropriate tourist behaviour. Hence, the results of this study strongly suggest the inclusion of in-water guides in commercial operations for tourist safety and management in future licensing schemes.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427321X16170954575551
Ishmael Mensah
Visitors' perception of beach quality is an important input in the effective management of beaches. This study examines the factors that influence visitors' perceptions of the quality of a popular beach in Ghana, Kokrobite beach. A survey involving 497 visitors was undertaken. The results of the study indicate that even though visitors place a premium on sanitation and security in their evaluation of beach quality, the levels of sanitation and security at the beach were perceived to be poor. Also, nationality, frequency of visit, and reason for the choice of the beach were found to significantly influence the perception of beach quality. The article recommends that sanitation and security on the beach should be improved through the collaboration of stakeholders.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Visitors' Perceptions of Beach Quality at the Kokrobite Beach in Ghana","authors":"Ishmael Mensah","doi":"10.3727/154427321X16170954575551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321X16170954575551","url":null,"abstract":"Visitors' perception of beach quality is an important input in the effective management of beaches. This study examines the factors that influence visitors' perceptions of the quality of a popular beach in Ghana, Kokrobite beach. A survey involving 497 visitors was undertaken. The results of the study indicate that even though visitors place a premium on sanitation and security in their evaluation of beach quality, the levels of sanitation and security at the beach were perceived to be poor. Also, nationality, frequency of visit, and reason for the choice of the beach were found to significantly influence the perception of beach quality. The article recommends that sanitation and security on the beach should be improved through the collaboration of stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427321x16278990072460
Kendra A. Moore, R. Burnham, D. Duffus, P. Wells
The interactions between wildlife tourism operators and the animals that they rely on are complex. For commercial whale watching, the recognition of the potential disturbance from the vessels generates uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of management strategies for it to remain a ‘no-take’ practice. This warrants further evaluation. In this study, we analysed the activities of the whale watching fleet in Tofino, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, to evaluate industry sustainability and its ability to meet legislated conservation objectives. Visual observations gave context to an analysis of the communications of the fleet, made using Very High Frequency (VHF) marine radio. Transcription of these communications demonstrated three main themes; whale location, whale ‘transfers’ between operators, and encounter or ‘show’ quality. Cumulative encounter times from the fleet far exceeded the 30-minute limit recommended in the whale watching guidelines. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) were subject to the longest periods of vessel presence, with an average time spent in active encounters of 4.21 ±1.96 hours. This extended to almost the full operating day if whales remained within a feasible travelling distance of Tofino. Humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) and gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) encounters also exceeded the suggested time limit by 2.40 ± 1.73 hours and 1.31 ±1.07 hours, respectively. Increased education and the addition of spatial and temporal restrictions in management regimes could address the shortcomings of the current system to minimize potential disturbance to whales from commercial whale watching encounters and facilitate sustainable industry practices.
{"title":"An assessment of commercial fleet applications of management measures in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia, Canada, aimed to mitigate whale watching impacts","authors":"Kendra A. Moore, R. Burnham, D. Duffus, P. Wells","doi":"10.3727/154427321x16278990072460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321x16278990072460","url":null,"abstract":"The interactions between wildlife tourism operators and the animals that they rely on are complex. For commercial whale watching, the recognition of the potential disturbance from the vessels generates uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of management strategies for it to remain a ‘no-take’ practice. This warrants further evaluation. In this study, we analysed the activities of the whale watching fleet in Tofino, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, to evaluate industry sustainability and its ability to meet legislated conservation objectives. Visual observations gave context to an analysis of the communications of the fleet, made using Very High Frequency (VHF) marine radio. Transcription of these communications demonstrated three main themes; whale location, whale ‘transfers’ between operators, and encounter or ‘show’ quality. Cumulative encounter times from the fleet far exceeded the 30-minute limit recommended in the whale watching guidelines. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) were subject to the longest periods of vessel presence, with an average time spent in active encounters of 4.21 ±1.96 hours. This extended to almost the full operating day if whales remained within a feasible travelling distance of Tofino. Humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) and gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) encounters also exceeded the suggested time limit by 2.40 ± 1.73 hours and 1.31 ±1.07 hours, respectively. Increased education and the addition of spatial and temporal restrictions in management regimes could address the shortcomings of the current system to minimize potential disturbance to whales from commercial whale watching encounters and facilitate sustainable industry practices.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427321x16268695372998
Aaron Tkaczynski
Satisfying tourists whilst also adhering to environmental regulations represents a continuous challenge for whale watching operators. Satisfaction is often conceptualised differently by academics and practitioners, and both the level of operator whale watching experience and government regulations at destinations can vary. This research seeks to identify how satisfaction significantly influences tourists’ socio-demographics, repurchase intentions and positive word-of-mouth (WOM) communication intentions at two Australian whale watching destinations that differ in their level of expertise in offering whale watching experiences. Multiple regression determined that most tourists were very satisfied with their whale watching experience and exhibited high repurchase and positive WOM communication intentions. At both destinations, individual satisfaction items predicted the most variance in repurchase intentions and positive WOM communication intentions, suggesting a holistic approach to satisfaction is not warranted when evaluating a whale watching experience. T-tests, chi-square tests and analysis of variance determined that tourists at each destination varied significantly in their age, education and origin. To provide a satisfying tourist experience and facilitate environment protection, these personnel must continue to offer high-quality services that guarantee whale sightings within a designated time period whilst also adhering to environmental regulations.
{"title":"I CAN’T GET NO SATISFACTION: OR CAN I? SATISFYING AUSTRALIAN WHALE WATCHING TOURISTS","authors":"Aaron Tkaczynski","doi":"10.3727/154427321x16268695372998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321x16268695372998","url":null,"abstract":"Satisfying tourists whilst also adhering to environmental regulations represents a continuous challenge for whale watching operators. Satisfaction is often conceptualised differently by academics and practitioners, and both the level of operator whale watching experience and government regulations at destinations can vary. This research seeks to identify how satisfaction significantly influences tourists’ socio-demographics, repurchase intentions and positive word-of-mouth (WOM) communication intentions at two Australian whale watching destinations that differ in their level of expertise in offering whale watching experiences. Multiple regression determined that most tourists were very satisfied with their whale watching experience and exhibited high repurchase and positive WOM communication intentions. At both destinations, individual satisfaction items predicted the most variance in repurchase intentions and positive WOM communication intentions, suggesting a holistic approach to satisfaction is not warranted when evaluating a whale watching experience. T-tests, chi-square tests and analysis of variance determined that tourists at each destination varied significantly in their age, education and origin. To provide a satisfying tourist experience and facilitate environment protection, these personnel must continue to offer high-quality services that guarantee whale sightings within a designated time period whilst also adhering to environmental regulations.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427321x16342876434256
G. Bertella
The perception of activities that may harm whales and their co-existence with whale tourism can be problematic for a destination’s attractiveness and its potential role in setting good standards for the sector and educating tourists. This research note investigates the online debate about the legitimacy of a research project on wild whales in Norway. In particular, it investigates the local tourism actors’ engagement in such debate, and how the two sides of the debate argue for the legitimacy of different logics of whale protection and conservation. The findings derived from a thematic and discourse analysis show that the local tourism sector and academia minimally engage in the debate and that the debate presents elements of different logics relating to the traditional and compassionate conservation paradigms. This note considers the tourism actors’ non-engagement in the aforementioned debate as a missed opportunity, and concludes by inviting the reader to reflect on the collaboration between the tourism sector and academia, in particular its desirability, motivations and consequences.
{"title":"Tourism actors’ engagement and logics of whale protection and conservation in Norway","authors":"G. Bertella","doi":"10.3727/154427321x16342876434256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321x16342876434256","url":null,"abstract":"The perception of activities that may harm whales and their co-existence with whale tourism can be problematic for a destination’s attractiveness and its potential role in setting good standards for the sector and educating tourists. This research note investigates the online debate about the legitimacy of a research project on wild whales in Norway. In particular, it investigates the local tourism actors’ engagement in such debate, and how the two sides of the debate argue for the legitimacy of different logics of whale protection and conservation. The findings derived from a thematic and discourse analysis show that the local tourism sector and academia minimally engage in the debate and that the debate presents elements of different logics relating to the traditional and compassionate conservation paradigms. This note considers the tourism actors’ non-engagement in the aforementioned debate as a missed opportunity, and concludes by inviting the reader to reflect on the collaboration between the tourism sector and academia, in particular its desirability, motivations and consequences.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3727/154427321X16209087410599
J. Mcbride
Determining the fundamental causes of scuba diver contact with coral reefs is vitally important for the marine tourism sector. This information can provide management authorities and dive operators with methods to promote and demonstrate sustainable dive practices in order to reduce physical interaction by divers on coral reefs. This study provides an insight into what variables influence physical contact by scuba divers on coral reefs around Praslin Island, Seychelles. Underwater behavior was studied from 205 divers to identify what factors significantly influence contacts on coral reefs at dive sites. Male divers contacted the reef twice as much as female ones (0.25 ± 0.04 vs. 0.12 ± 0.02 contacts min–1). Photographers contacted the reef significantly more than those divers without cameras (0.30 ± 0.06 vs. 0.10 ± 0.02 contacts min–1), as did diving at midday versus in the morning (0.46 ± 0.13 vs. 0.16 ± 0.02 contacts min–1). Diver age had a significant effect on contact rates, with the 41–50 age category responsible for the highest amount contacts (0.31 ± 0.07 contacts min–1). Dive operators need to be extra vigilant with these high-risk divers, utilizing a combination of damage prevention methods for camera users, providing closer supervision for older divers and reminding divers about ecofriendly dive techniques who are completing more than one dive that day.
{"title":"Understanding the Variables That Influence Scuba Diver Behavior on Coral Reefs in Seychelles","authors":"J. Mcbride","doi":"10.3727/154427321X16209087410599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3727/154427321X16209087410599","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the fundamental causes of scuba diver contact with coral reefs is vitally important for the marine tourism sector. This information can provide management authorities and dive operators with methods to promote and demonstrate sustainable dive practices in order to reduce physical interaction by divers on coral reefs. This study provides an insight into what variables influence physical contact by scuba divers on coral reefs around Praslin Island, Seychelles. Underwater behavior was studied from 205 divers to identify what factors significantly influence contacts on coral reefs at dive sites. Male divers contacted the reef twice as much as female ones (0.25 ± 0.04 vs. 0.12 ± 0.02 contacts min–1). Photographers contacted the reef significantly more than those divers without cameras (0.30 ± 0.06 vs. 0.10 ± 0.02 contacts min–1), as did diving at midday versus in the morning (0.46 ± 0.13 vs. 0.16 ± 0.02 contacts min–1). Diver age had a significant effect on contact rates, with the 41–50 age category responsible for the highest amount contacts (0.31 ± 0.07 contacts min–1). Dive operators need to be extra vigilant with these high-risk divers, utilizing a combination of damage prevention methods for camera users, providing closer supervision for older divers and reminding divers about ecofriendly dive techniques who are completing more than one dive that day.","PeriodicalId":35146,"journal":{"name":"Tourism in Marine Environments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69754659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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