Pub Date : 2018-08-08DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0028
Alison Gerard
ABSTRACT:Largely by the use of allegory, Ayn Rand’s novel The Fountainhead repurposes and reinterprets the religious morality of Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus to espouse an Objectivist, rather than theist, view of salvation and damnation. The Faustian narrative no longer belongs to Faustus alone, but is read against itself in order to theorize that giving up one’s ego and independence, rather than giving up one’s membership to the societal collective, is the straightest road to perdition.
{"title":"Using the Master’s Tools to Dismantle the Master’s House: The Fountainhead Reads Doctor Faustus","authors":"Alison Gerard","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0028","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Largely by the use of allegory, Ayn Rand’s novel The Fountainhead repurposes and reinterprets the religious morality of Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus to espouse an Objectivist, rather than theist, view of salvation and damnation. The Faustian narrative no longer belongs to Faustus alone, but is read against itself in order to theorize that giving up one’s ego and independence, rather than giving up one’s membership to the societal collective, is the straightest road to perdition.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"28 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44888129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-08DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0055
Kathleen Touchstone
ABSTRACT:This article considers the meanings of “life” within Objectivist ethics. It distinguishes between life lived moment to moment (a flow concept) and life-as-a-whole (a stock concept). It examines life’s finality as related to life being the ultimate value. It questions whether one “lives to consume” or “consumes to live” from a desert island perspective. It discusses what one’s whole life entails within the context of decision making. It looks at decisions between competing values. Finally, it discusses the distinction between ethical and ethically neutral actions and suggests ways in which inquiries regarding these may be approached.
{"title":"On Life and Value within Objectivist Ethics","authors":"Kathleen Touchstone","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0055","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This article considers the meanings of “life” within Objectivist ethics. It distinguishes between life lived moment to moment (a flow concept) and life-as-a-whole (a stock concept). It examines life’s finality as related to life being the ultimate value. It questions whether one “lives to consume” or “consumes to live” from a desert island perspective. It discusses what one’s whole life entails within the context of decision making. It looks at decisions between competing values. Finally, it discusses the distinction between ethical and ethically neutral actions and suggests ways in which inquiries regarding these may be approached.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"55 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48852062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-08DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0084
Merlin Jetton
ABSTRACT:Ayn Rand was a strong and influential advocate of self-interest, of ethical egoism. What does her version of egoism mean in practical terms pertaining to interactions with other people generally other than not violating their rights and not committing fraud? This article explores that question with special attention to trust and cooperation. Ayn Rand said little about trust and cooperation in her ethics, but these are important aspects of living a productive life.
{"title":"Egoism and Others","authors":"Merlin Jetton","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0084","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Ayn Rand was a strong and influential advocate of self-interest, of ethical egoism. What does her version of egoism mean in practical terms pertaining to interactions with other people generally other than not violating their rights and not committing fraud? This article explores that question with special attention to trust and cooperation. Ayn Rand said little about trust and cooperation in her ethics, but these are important aspects of living a productive life.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"84 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41509265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-08DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0098
Roger E. Bissell
ABSTRACT:The author reprises his review of The DIM Hypothesis by arguing for an expansion and revision of Leonard Peikoff’s model to include not three, but four primary positions regarding integration (aka “DIM modes”): Integration, Disintegration, Abstract Misintegration, and Concrete Misintegration—and to include not just two mixtures of those primary positions, but twelve. He offers it as a work in progress and a remedy to the over-restrictiveness and resulting misrepresentations of various philosophers by Peikoff’s version of the model.
{"title":"Not Enough Primary Categories in Peikoff’s DIM? Salutary Eclecticism and an ACID Test","authors":"Roger E. Bissell","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0098","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The author reprises his review of The DIM Hypothesis by arguing for an expansion and revision of Leonard Peikoff’s model to include not three, but four primary positions regarding integration (aka “DIM modes”): Integration, Disintegration, Abstract Misintegration, and Concrete Misintegration—and to include not just two mixtures of those primary positions, but twelve. He offers it as a work in progress and a remedy to the over-restrictiveness and resulting misrepresentations of various philosophers by Peikoff’s version of the model.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"104 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43933062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-08DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0105
F. Seddon
ABSTRACT:This essay reviews a recent book in the Blackwell Companions to Philosophy series: A Companion to Ayn Rand, edited by Gregory Salmieri and the late Allan Gotthelf. The author expresses his discontent with the volume’s exclusion of many contributors who are not affiliated with the Ayn Rand Institute. He is displeased, as well, by the lack of any essays of a critical nature, which is a hallmark of other Companion-type works. His review focuses on six (out of eighteen) key essays in this volume: (1) Gregory Salmieri on both values and epistemology; (2) John David Lewis and Salmieri’s discussion of Rand’s political and cultural commentary; (3) Allan Gotthelf on the morality of life; (4) Harry Binswanger on aesthetics; (5) Jason Rheins on the Objectivist metaphysics; and (6) James Lennox on Rand’s view of the history of philosophy.
{"title":"Ayn Rand’s Companions","authors":"F. Seddon","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This essay reviews a recent book in the Blackwell Companions to Philosophy series: A Companion to Ayn Rand, edited by Gregory Salmieri and the late Allan Gotthelf. The author expresses his discontent with the volume’s exclusion of many contributors who are not affiliated with the Ayn Rand Institute. He is displeased, as well, by the lack of any essays of a critical nature, which is a hallmark of other Companion-type works. His review focuses on six (out of eighteen) key essays in this volume: (1) Gregory Salmieri on both values and epistemology; (2) John David Lewis and Salmieri’s discussion of Rand’s political and cultural commentary; (3) Allan Gotthelf on the morality of life; (4) Harry Binswanger on aesthetics; (5) Jason Rheins on the Objectivist metaphysics; and (6) James Lennox on Rand’s view of the history of philosophy.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"105 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41616775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-08DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0118
R. Campbell
ABSTRACT:How We Know is intended as a summary (and a modest extension) of Objectivist epistemology. Binswanger’s treatment of a wide range of epistemological issues is examined. Because his theory of propositions is inadequate and his philosophy of mind is an extreme form of dualism, Binswanger has added little to previous efforts by “official” Objectivists. As a work of epistemology in the broad sense, Binswanger’s effort is fatally impaired. It is undone by his bifurcation between consciousness and the physics of the brain, which, if accepted, would largely deprive psychology and even computer science of their subject matter.
{"title":"What Do We Need to Know?","authors":"R. Campbell","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.18.1.0118","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:How We Know is intended as a summary (and a modest extension) of Objectivist epistemology. Binswanger’s treatment of a wide range of epistemological issues is examined. Because his theory of propositions is inadequate and his philosophy of mind is an extreme form of dualism, Binswanger has added little to previous efforts by “official” Objectivists. As a work of epistemology in the broad sense, Binswanger’s effort is fatally impaired. It is undone by his bifurcation between consciousness and the physics of the brain, which, if accepted, would largely deprive psychology and even computer science of their subject matter.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"118 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44667713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-02DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0275
A. Grigorovskaya
ABSTRACT:This article examines the new type of hero created by Ayn Rand and finds its roots in Chernyshevsky's "new human." Rand's characters share such features as extremism, asceticism, escapism, and the desire to transform the world. Moreover, Rand's heroes exhibit the self-building and "wholeness" traits of the "superhuman" as found in myths and in Renaissance and Masonic ideas.
{"title":"The New Type of Hero in Ayn Rand's Novels and Its Historical Roots","authors":"A. Grigorovskaya","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0275","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This article examines the new type of hero created by Ayn Rand and finds its roots in Chernyshevsky's \"new human.\" Rand's characters share such features as extremism, asceticism, escapism, and the desire to transform the world. Moreover, Rand's heroes exhibit the self-building and \"wholeness\" traits of the \"superhuman\" as found in myths and in Renaissance and Masonic ideas.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"275 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-02DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0227
Arnold Baise
ABSTRACT:The term "objective" has both a metaphysical and an epistemological meaning, and each of these meanings gives rise to a corresponding objective-subjective dichotomy. A formal definition of (epistemological) objectivity is given, and this clarifies the nature of the epistemological dichotomy. These dichotomies are represented by classes of existents, and a Venn-type diagram is used to illustrate the relationship between them. It is shown that the class of all existents can be partitioned into three mutually exclusive and exhaustive classes, which correspond to Rand's intrinsic-subjective-objective trichotomy.
{"title":"The Objective-Subjective Dichotomy and Rand's Trichotomy","authors":"Arnold Baise","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0227","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The term \"objective\" has both a metaphysical and an epistemological meaning, and each of these meanings gives rise to a corresponding objective-subjective dichotomy. A formal definition of (epistemological) objectivity is given, and this clarifies the nature of the epistemological dichotomy. These dichotomies are represented by classes of existents, and a Venn-type diagram is used to illustrate the relationship between them. It is shown that the class of all existents can be partitioned into three mutually exclusive and exhaustive classes, which correspond to Rand's intrinsic-subjective-objective trichotomy.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"227 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44970696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-02DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0201
Robert White
ABSTRACT:One of the grounds on which profit maximization has been morally condemned is the claim that businessmen are led by the logic of profit maximization to prioritize profit above all other values, including human life. Thus, while business critics claim that they object to profit maximization, what, at least some of them, in fact object to is profit prioritization. Drawing upon Ayn Rand's distinction between the intrinsic and objective theories of value, this article unpackages profit maximization and profit prioritization, arguing that businessmen can maximize profit without having to prioritize profit above all other values.
{"title":"Profit Maximization Does Not Necessitate Profit Prioritization","authors":"Robert White","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:One of the grounds on which profit maximization has been morally condemned is the claim that businessmen are led by the logic of profit maximization to prioritize profit above all other values, including human life. Thus, while business critics claim that they object to profit maximization, what, at least some of them, in fact object to is profit prioritization. Drawing upon Ayn Rand's distinction between the intrinsic and objective theories of value, this article unpackages profit maximization and profit prioritization, arguing that businessmen can maximize profit without having to prioritize profit above all other values.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"201 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43919730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-02DOI: 10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0238
Kathleen Touchstone
ABSTRACT:The author addresses speech restrictions on campuses, the axiom "A is A" as it applies to men and women, Roe v. Wade and its effect on examining the definition of personhood, and how this examination may have contributed to the anti-conceptual mentality that was already under way on campuses and elsewhere.
{"title":"When \"A Is Not A\": Reflections on a Conversation","authors":"Kathleen Touchstone","doi":"10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/JAYNRANDSTUD.17.2.0238","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The author addresses speech restrictions on campuses, the axiom \"A is A\" as it applies to men and women, Roe v. Wade and its effect on examining the definition of personhood, and how this examination may have contributed to the anti-conceptual mentality that was already under way on campuses and elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":35149,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"238 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49319410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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