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How do COVID-19 lockdown practices relate to sustainable well-being? Lessons from Oslo and Geneva COVID-19封锁措施与可持续福祉有何关系?奥斯陆和日内瓦的经验教训
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-07 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2051350
Orlane Moynat, Johannes Volden, M. Sahakian
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in everyday lives through restrictions that resulted in lockdown practices in the home, whereby practices were reassessed, changed, renewed, or newly established. Based on a qualitative study of lockdown practices following the first wave of the pandemic in two European cities with high living standards, Oslo and Geneva, we studied how changes in practices led to need (non)satisfaction and (un)sustainable consumption, demonstrating the significance of social interactions in how practices were coordinated. We then highlight the practice elements that favored or impeded need satisfaction, recognizing what material arrangements, skills, and competencies were necessary. Finally, we discuss the “normative accountability” of lockdown practices in discourse, in that the mutual accountability of various practices during the lockdown revealed the need for coordination between people sharing the same space. We find that social interactions are critical toward understanding how the lockdown practices were coordinated in given space-time configurations. Need satisfaction required grappling with social differentiation, as people with strong social relations, generous indoor spaces, and access to outdoor natural environments experienced higher levels of well-being. This situation has implications for policy making in terms of how societies can be reorganized to ensure “sustainable well-being” as a normative aim.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行通过限制导致家庭封锁措施,从而重新评估、改变、更新或新建立了日常生活的变化。在对奥斯陆和日内瓦这两个生活水平较高的欧洲城市第一波大流行后的封锁做法进行定性研究的基础上,我们研究了做法的变化如何导致需求(非)满足和(非)可持续消费,证明了社会互动在协调做法方面的重要性。然后,我们强调支持或阻碍需求满足的实践元素,认识到什么物质安排、技能和能力是必要的。最后,我们在话语中讨论了封锁实践的“规范性问责”,因为封锁期间各种实践的相互问责揭示了共享同一空间的人们之间需要协调。我们发现,社会互动对于理解在给定时空配置下如何协调封锁措施至关重要。满足需求需要克服社会差异,因为拥有强大的社会关系、宽敞的室内空间和室外自然环境的人体验到更高水平的幸福感。这种情况对如何重新组织社会以确保“可持续福祉”作为规范目标的政策制定产生了影响。
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引用次数: 6
Taking sustainable eating practices from niche to mainstream: the perspectives of Swedish food-provisioning actors on barriers and potentials 将可持续饮食实践从利基到主流:瑞典食品供应参与者对障碍和潜力的看法
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2044197
Vishal Parekh, Åsa Svenfelt
Abstract The food system is a major driver of anthropogenic environmental impacts and in Sweden a sizeable proportion of the country’s relatively large per capita ecological footprint is attributable to food. In short, sustainable eating practices need to become mainstream. Actors within the food-provisioning system likely have valuable insights into how such a transition could be enabled. This article presents the results of a qualitative study that aimed to examine the perspectives of these individuals on such a transition in Sweden using a social practice framework to identify framings of barriers and potentials for mainstreaming sustainable eating practices. We found that conventional framings and models for explaining change and transitions dominate. These approaches center on providing alternative food products, with some attention devoted to normalizing sustainable eating through product design, communication, and marketing. However, exceptions to these strategies include calls for redefining business profitability in terms of human and planetary health and notions of a decentralized food-provisioning system consisting of small-scale actors and limited by the regional and seasonal supply of food. Our analysis suggests that interventions for mainstreaming sustainable eating practices need to move beyond a constrained recrafting of mainstream eating practices and toward systematic practice substitution that favors considerations regarding how eating practices connect to other practices that constitute people’s everyday lives. We conclude by discussing implications for the food-provisioning system and suggest directions for further research that could lead to the development of strategies for mainstreaming sustainable eating practices in Sweden and elsewhere.
食品系统是人为环境影响的主要驱动因素,在瑞典,该国相对较大的人均生态足迹中有相当大的比例可归因于食品。简而言之,可持续饮食习惯需要成为主流。食品供应系统内的参与者可能对如何实现这种转变有宝贵的见解。本文介绍了一项定性研究的结果,旨在研究这些人对瑞典这种过渡的看法,使用社会实践框架来确定可持续饮食实践主流化的障碍和潜力框架。我们发现,解释变化和过渡的传统框架和模型占主导地位。这些方法以提供替代食品为中心,并通过产品设计、沟通和营销来规范可持续饮食。然而,这些战略的例外情况包括要求根据人类和地球健康重新定义商业盈利能力,以及由小规模行为者组成并受区域和季节性粮食供应限制的分散粮食供应系统的概念。我们的分析表明,将可持续饮食习惯主流化的干预措施需要超越对主流饮食习惯的有限重塑,而是朝着系统的实践替代的方向发展,这种替代有利于考虑饮食习惯与构成人们日常生活的其他做法之间的联系。最后,我们讨论了对食物供应系统的影响,并提出了进一步研究的方向,这可能会导致瑞典和其他地方可持续饮食实践主流化战略的发展。
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引用次数: 1
Disrupting the status quo: a sustainability transitions analysis of the fashion system 打破现状:时尚系统的可持续转型分析
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2040231
Sophie Buchel, A. Hebinck, M. Lavanga, D. Loorbach
Abstract The fashion industry has developed into a complex global system with persistent social and environmental sustainability challenges. Private, public, and civil society actors have condemned these persistent problems and called for system change toward sustainable fashion. While alternative practices and industry collaborations have emerged throughout the system, they have not added up to a sustainability transition. Instead, the system shows signs of being locked into unsustainability. The aim of this article is to examine the state of transition of the fashion industry through a multi-level perspective system analysis, based on a co-creative research project with the former C&A Foundation, which became the Laudes Foundation in 2020. This transition analysis shows that the fashion system is locked into a state of disconnection, uncontrollability, extraction, growth-focus, and disposability. We build from analysis and present a set of strategic transition pathways that can be pursued today throughout the fashion system to accelerate the transition to sustainable fashion.
时尚产业已经发展成为一个复杂的全球系统,持续面临着社会和环境可持续性的挑战。私人、公共和民间社会的参与者谴责了这些持续存在的问题,并呼吁对可持续时尚进行制度改革。虽然在整个系统中出现了替代实践和行业合作,但它们并没有形成可持续性过渡。相反,该体系显示出陷入不可持续状态的迹象。本文旨在通过与原C&A基金会(于2020年更名为Laudes基金会)的共同创意研究项目,通过多层次视角系统分析来审视时尚产业的转型状态。这种转变分析表明,时尚系统被锁定在一种断开、不可控、提取、增长聚焦和可丢弃的状态中。我们从分析中建立并提出了一套战略转型途径,可以在整个时尚系统中进行,以加速向可持续时尚的过渡。
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引用次数: 11
Flying less, mobility practices, and well-being: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway 减少飞行、机动性实践和福祉:来自挪威2019冠状病毒病大流行的教训
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2043682
Mònica Guillen-Royo
Abstract This article uses a mixed-methods design to study flight-intensive practices in Norway. It explores how practices changed as a consequence of the travel restrictions implemented to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications for people’s well-being. Norway is one of the European countries where people take the most flights per capita and the expectation is for air traffic to increase by approximately 4% annually from pre-pandemic levels. Notwithstanding the industry’s goal of becoming fossil-free by 2050, the rapid reduction of emissions to keep global warming at 1.5°C below pre-industrial levels is unlikely to happen without restrictions in air travel. The article draws on social practice and well-being perspectives to investigate the possibility of flying less in post-pandemic times. Using survey data and regression analysis, the study analyzes the infrastructures, norms, values, resources, and competencies associated with reductions in pre-pandemic air travel. Engaging in walking and cycling and taking collective transport for short-distance travel were found to correlate with flying less for long distances. In-depth interviews with domestic travelers suggest that flying less for work might be a synergic satisfier as it contributes to more than one human need without hampering any others. This has implications for the well-being of people who engage in flight-intensive practices for work as it will likely be enhanced if work-related travel is significantly reduced when the COVID-19 pandemic is over.
本文采用混合方法设计来研究挪威的飞行密集型实践。它探讨了为限制COVID-19大流行传播而实施的旅行限制如何改变了做法,以及对人们福祉的影响。挪威是人均飞行次数最多的欧洲国家之一,预计空中交通量将在大流行前的水平上每年增加约4%。尽管航空业的目标是到2050年实现无化石燃料,但如果不限制航空旅行,快速减少排放以使全球变暖低于工业化前水平1.5°C是不可能实现的。本文借鉴社会实践和福祉的观点,探讨在大流行后时期减少飞行的可能性。本研究利用调查数据和回归分析,分析了与减少大流行前航空旅行相关的基础设施、规范、价值观、资源和能力。研究发现,短途旅行中步行、骑自行车和乘坐集体交通工具与长途飞行次数减少有关。对国内旅行者的深入采访表明,减少乘坐飞机上班可能是一种协同满足感,因为它在不妨碍任何其他需求的情况下满足了不止一种需求。这对从事飞行密集型工作的人的福祉产生了影响,因为如果在COVID-19大流行结束后大幅减少与工作有关的旅行,他们的福祉可能会得到改善。
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引用次数: 4
(Un-)sustainable transformations: everyday food practices in Italy during COVID-19 (非)可持续转型:2019冠状病毒病期间意大利的日常饮食实践
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2037341
Francesca Forno, M. Laamanen, S. Wahlen
Abstract In this article, we study how the global pandemic has affected food practices. We underscore how time, space, and modality as key facets of the everyday intersect with understandings, procedures, and engagements as components of practice, and how food practices in the pandemic context are transforming, at least temporarily, toward more sustainability. Our mixed-methods data were collected from participants in a local food initiative established in Trento during the first Italian lockdown in Spring 2020, which aimed to connect local producers to consumers more directly. We analyze data from a panel survey conducted with 55 participants of this initiative followed by ten in-depth interviews six months after the lockdown. The findings illustrate that the lockdown encouraged different people to search for “good food” through the food initiative. Sustainable food practices included more planning and less waste, but in some cases initial interest in the initiative changed back to prevailing industrial supply via supermarkets. Thus, not all food practices of our respondents were transformed to be more sustainable or permanent. We conclude that everyday food practices, when disrupted and if accompanied with well-functioning socio-technical innovations, can foster a transformation toward a more diversified and sustainable food system.
在本文中,我们研究了全球大流行如何影响食品实践。我们强调时间、空间和方式作为日常生活的关键方面如何与作为实践组成部分的理解、程序和参与相互交叉,以及疫情背景下的食品实践如何转变,至少暂时转变为更具可持续性。我们的混合方法数据是从2020年春季意大利第一次封锁期间在特伦托建立的当地食品倡议的参与者那里收集的,该倡议旨在更直接地将当地生产者与消费者联系起来。我们分析了在封锁六个月后对该倡议的55名参与者进行的小组调查的数据,随后进行了10次深度访谈。研究结果表明,封锁鼓励不同的人通过食品倡议寻找“好食物”。可持续食品实践包括更多的规划和更少的浪费,但在某些情况下,最初对该倡议的兴趣又回到了通过超市普遍存在的工业供应。因此,并非所有受访者的饮食习惯都转变为更具可持续性或永久性。我们的结论是,日常的食物实践,如果被打破,并与运作良好的社会技术创新相结合,可以促进向更多样化和可持续的粮食系统转变。
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引用次数: 6
A value-driven business ecosystem for industrial transformation: the case of the EU’s H2020 “Textile and Clothing Business Labs” 面向产业转型的价值驱动型商业生态系统:以欧盟H2020“纺织服装商业实验室”为例
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2039491
Jesse Marsh, Ista Boszhard, Athanase Contargyris, J. Cullen, K. Junge, F. Molinari, Michele Osella, C. Raspanti
Abstract This article reports on the experiences and results of the European Union-funded Horizon 2020 project TCBL which has been successful in creating a European network of Textile and Clothing Business Labs aimed at the sustainable transformation of one of the most problematic industries in both social and environmental terms. The approach followed by the project was based on the diffused creation of value by and for all stakeholders, including consumers. This, in turn, implies a systemic transformation of business models, brought about by all players in the sector engaging in the experimentation of new processes and transaction patterns. In this way, all stakeholders were able to reap the benefits of innovation, and the lever of competitive advantage shifted from price to knowledge, collaboration, and shared values. In the meantime, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating effect on the business models of the luxury and fast-fashion brands for which TCBL has aimed to offer an alternative path, also loosely in line with the provisions of the European Green Deal and the United Nations 2030 Agenda. Given the results attained, a two-pronged strategy for the constitution of a sustainable post-project TCBL ecosystem is now being implemented.
本文报告了欧盟资助的地平线2020项目TCBL的经验和结果,该项目成功地创建了一个欧洲纺织和服装商业实验室网络,旨在实现社会和环境方面最具问题的行业之一的可持续转型。该项目遵循的方法是基于所有利益相关者(包括消费者)的价值的分散创造。反过来,这意味着商业模式的系统性转变,这是由该部门参与新流程和交易模式实验的所有参与者带来的。通过这种方式,所有利益相关者都能从创新中获益,竞争优势的杠杆也从价格转向了知识、合作和共享价值。与此同时,2019冠状病毒病大流行对奢侈品和快时尚品牌的商业模式造成了毁灭性影响,TCBL旨在为这些品牌提供另一种选择,这种选择也大致符合《欧洲绿色协议》和联合国2030年议程的规定。鉴于所取得的成果,目前正在实施一项双管齐下的战略,以建立一个可持续的项目后TCBL生态系统。
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引用次数: 2
Consumption and shifting temporalities of daily life in times of disruption: undoing and reassembling household practices during the COVID-19 pandemic 混乱时期日常生活的消费和时间性变化:在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间取消和重组家庭习俗
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2037903
M. Greene, A. Hansen, C. Hoolohan, Elisabeth Süßbauer, L. Domaneschi
Abstract The way in which time is produced and consumed during everyday life has crucial implications for sustainable consumption. Social practice approaches in particular have directed attention to the intersection of personal and collective temporalities as important for the patterning of everyday consumption. This article examines the temporal dynamics of daily practice-arrangement bundles experienced in “locked down” households in Germany, Ireland, Italy, Norway, and the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on 97 in-depth interviews with participants in all five countries, we investigate quotidian experiences of the breaking and (re-)making of daily routines in response to the pandemic. In doing so, we explore and document the temporal processes by which daily practice-arrangement bundles become undone, reassembled, and reconfigured. Our analysis reveals the institutional ordering of temporal relations between practices in terms of how they hang together, synchronize, or compete for householders’ time. Giving particular attention to socially differentiated lockdown experiences, we analyze how disruption-induced changes to social institutions and systems of provision impact the hanging together of daily practice-arrangement bundles and the strategies employed to restructure and rebundle them in unequal ways. We further consider varied experiences in temporal reorganizations of daily life that support sustainable consumption of food and mobility and reflect on the implications of the analysis for sustainability governance.
在日常生活中,时间的产生和消耗方式对可持续消费有着至关重要的影响。社会实践的方法尤其关注个人和集体的时间性的交叉点,因为这对日常消费的模式很重要。本文研究了在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,德国、爱尔兰、意大利、挪威和英国“封锁”家庭中日常实践安排捆绑的时间动态。通过对所有五个国家的参与者进行97次深入访谈,我们调查了为应对大流行而打破和(重新)制定日常生活习惯的日常经历。在此过程中,我们探索并记录了日常实践安排包被撤消、重新组装和重新配置的时间过程。我们的分析揭示了实践之间的时间关系的制度顺序,即它们如何在一起、同步或竞争住户的时间。特别关注社会差异化的封锁经验,我们分析了中断引起的社会制度和供应系统的变化如何影响日常实践安排捆绑在一起,以及以不平等的方式重组和重新捆绑它们所采用的策略。我们进一步考虑了日常生活中支持可持续食物消费和流动性的时间重组的各种经验,并反思了分析对可持续治理的影响。
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引用次数: 13
Exploring alternative economic pathways: a comparison of foundational economy and Doughnut economics 探索不同的经济路径:基础经济学和甜甜圈经济学的比较
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2030280
Madeleine Wahlund, Teis Hansen
Abstract A number of intersecting crises are currently ongoing at multiple scales, including increasing inequality, environmental degradation, and climate destabilization, as well as new surges of populism and mounting public health threats. These emergencies question our economic model of past decades and provoke a rethinking of the general approach to economic policy from a multi-scalar perspective. In this article, we compare two approaches aiming to rethink economic development policy: foundational economy and Doughnut economics, and consider if and how they complement each other. We conclude that the two approaches are potentially complementary, most prominently in their call for high-income countries to refocus from growth per se to purpose-driven economic strategies that prioritize public services and redistribute incomes. However, they differ in respect to their geographical focus, environmental concerns, and application. To properly address tradeoffs between social needs and environmental effects, foundational scholarship would benefit from deeper engagement with the socioenvironmental perspective presented in Doughnut economics, which stresses the need to consider human-nature interlinkages. In sum, combining different aspects of the two approaches promises to provide a more robust response to contemporary challenges, especially for local policy making.
当前,许多相互交叉的危机正在多个尺度上进行,包括不平等加剧、环境退化和气候不稳定,以及民粹主义的新浪潮和日益严重的公共卫生威胁。这些紧急情况对我们过去几十年的经济模式提出了质疑,并促使人们从多尺度的角度重新思考经济政策的一般方法。在本文中,我们比较了两种旨在重新思考经济发展政策的方法:基础经济学和甜甜圈经济学,并考虑它们是否以及如何相互补充。我们得出结论,这两种方法具有潜在的互补性,最突出的是它们都呼吁高收入国家将重点从增长本身转向以目标为导向的经济战略,优先考虑公共服务和收入再分配。然而,它们在地理重点、环境问题和应用方面有所不同。为了正确地处理社会需求和环境影响之间的权衡,基础学术将受益于与甜甜圈经济学中提出的社会环境观点的深入接触,该观点强调需要考虑人与自然的相互联系。总而言之,将两种方法的不同方面结合起来,有望为当前的挑战提供更有力的回应,特别是在地方政策制定方面。
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引用次数: 8
Traceability and transparency: enhancing sustainability and circularity in garment and footwear 可追溯性和透明度:提高服装和鞋类的可持续性和循环性
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2028454
F. Rinaldi, Claudia Di Bernardino, Virginia Cram-Martos, Maria Teresa Pisani
Abstract This Brief Report on the sustainability and circularity of global fashion-value chains discusses the content and potential impact of Recommendation No. 46, “Enhancing Traceability and Transparency of Sustainable Value Chains in Garment and Footwear” developed under the auspices and approved by the United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT) in April 2021. It is a key output from a project undertaken by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and currently being implemented by UN/CEFACT in collaboration with the International Trade Centre (ITC) and financed by the European Union. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the weakness of opaque garment- and footwear-value chains that lack traceability or transparency for brands, suppliers, and consumers. The public health crisis also increased consumer awareness of sustainability and the need for sustainability information. Recommendation No. 46 starts to set global standards for traceability and transparency and this Brief Report highlights its potential benefits on garment- and footwear-value chains that include nudging single consumer behaviors, supporting broader societal inclusiveness, helping manufacturers to implement circularity, and offering governmental bodies new tools for guiding the sustainable transition and verifying its effectiveness.
这份关于全球时尚价值链可持续性和循环性的简要报告讨论了第46号建议的内容和潜在影响,“提高服装和鞋类可持续价值链的可追溯性和透明度”,该建议是在联合国贸易便利化和电子商务中心(UN/CEFACT)的主持下制定的,并于2021年4月获得了批准。这是联合国欧洲经济委员会(欧洲经委会)进行的一个项目的主要产出,目前由联合国/欧洲经委会与国际贸易中心合作执行,并由欧洲联盟提供资金。2019冠状病毒病大流行凸显了不透明的服装和鞋类价值链的弱点,这些价值链对品牌、供应商和消费者缺乏可追溯性或透明度。公共卫生危机也提高了消费者对可持续性的认识和对可持续性信息的需求。第46号建议开始制定可追溯性和透明度的全球标准,本简要报告强调了其对服装和鞋类价值链的潜在好处,包括推动单一消费者行为,支持更广泛的社会包容性,帮助制造商实施循环,并为政府机构提供指导可持续转型和验证其有效性的新工具。
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引用次数: 5
Revisiting the experience of inconvenience and everyday life practices: the case of waste sorting 回顾不便的经验和日常生活的做法:以废物分类为例
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-02-11 DOI: 10.1080/15487733.2022.2031563
L. Katan
Abstract The growing waste volume is an acute issue on the circular economy agenda and consumers play a key role by sorting recyclable materials from residual waste. In the literature, the experience of inconvenience is recurrently identified as a main barrier to sorting. Modeling inconvenience as the effort required for sorting, these studies suggest adjustments to communication and material arrangements, making recycling easier. This article offers a reappraisal of the experience of inconvenience and its conditioning. Using ethnographic data, the analysis explores the incongruities between participants’ sayings and doings – their articulated agreement with sorting and reluctance to do so. Waste biographies indicate that instead of overt efforts implied in the performance of sorting, embodied perceptions of normal waste practice govern which performances of sorting are experienced as inconvenient. This pre-reflective structuring of perception is anchored in and maintained by the relation of waste practices to co-occurring practices. Proposing a conceptual distinction, this article suggests that waste practices are performed as “secondary practices” enabling “primary practices,” that orchestrate participants’ dispositions and their immediate discernments of what are dispensable and, thus, inconvenient performances of sorting. This perspective elaborates on the understanding of inconvenience and the transition inertia of everyday practices toward sustainability.
日益增长的废物量是循环经济议程上的一个尖锐问题,消费者在从剩余废物中分类可回收材料方面发挥着关键作用。在文献中,不便的体验经常被认为是分类的主要障碍。这些研究将不便建模为分类所需的努力,建议调整通信和材料安排,使回收更容易。这篇文章提供了对不便体验及其制约的重新评价。使用人种学数据,分析探讨了参与者的说法和行为之间的不一致性-他们明确同意分类和不愿意这样做。废物传记表明,不是在分类中隐含的明显努力,而是对正常废物实践的具体看法决定了哪些分类工作被认为是不方便的。这种感知的前反思结构是由废物实践与共同发生的实践的关系所锚定和维持的。这篇文章提出了一个概念上的区别,认为垃圾处理实践是作为“次要实践”来实现“主要实践”的,这协调了参与者的性格和他们对什么是可有可无的直接辨别,因此,不方便的分类行为。这个观点阐述了对不便的理解和日常实践向可持续发展的过渡惯性。
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引用次数: 1
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