Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2023.2207960
H. Sperber
The term Ego-documents has different meanings in various disciplines like literature, linguistics, sociology, and history. 1 In the last few decades, using Ego-documents has become an important component of historical writing. 2 While previously Ego-documents were rejected as a dubious historical source because they were regarded as one sided and subjective, recently they are considered a valuable source. 3 The change is part and parcel of the new trend in historical writing emphasizing the individual rather than the collective. 4 This change
{"title":"The Usage of Ego-documents in Jewish Historical research","authors":"H. Sperber","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2023.2207960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2023.2207960","url":null,"abstract":"The term Ego-documents has different meanings in various disciplines like literature, linguistics, sociology, and history. 1 In the last few decades, using Ego-documents has become an important component of historical writing. 2 While previously Ego-documents were rejected as a dubious historical source because they were regarded as one sided and subjective, recently they are considered a valuable source. 3 The change is part and parcel of the new trend in historical writing emphasizing the individual rather than the collective. 4 This change","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"123 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48046152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169x.2023.2202085
Dóra Pataricza
ABSTRACT Szeged was the main deportation centre for Southern Hungary, in June 1944 three trains departed from here. The first train went to Auschwitz, where most people were killed upon arrival. The second train was uncoupled, half going to Auschwitz. The train’s second half and the third transport ended up in Strasshof near Vienna, where most people survived. The setup of these transports resulted in Szeged’s Jewry having an exceptionally high survival rate, including children and elderly. The current paper serves as a collection of ego-documents by Jewish children from Szeged, their lives in concentration camps, and their immediate post-war lives.
{"title":"“The first time I saw my father cry” – ego-documents by children from the Szeged region on the Holocaust","authors":"Dóra Pataricza","doi":"10.1080/1462169x.2023.2202085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169x.2023.2202085","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Szeged was the main deportation centre for Southern Hungary, in June 1944 three trains departed from here. The first train went to Auschwitz, where most people were killed upon arrival. The second train was uncoupled, half going to Auschwitz. The train’s second half and the third transport ended up in Strasshof near Vienna, where most people survived. The setup of these transports resulted in Szeged’s Jewry having an exceptionally high survival rate, including children and elderly. The current paper serves as a collection of ego-documents by Jewish children from Szeged, their lives in concentration camps, and their immediate post-war lives.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"277 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44726222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2023.2208405
A. Sepp, Annelies Augustyns
ABSTRACT The focus of this contribution is on the intricacies of the use of the Jewish diary as a genre and a source in Holocaust Studies. We will show how from a historical point of view, the diary can be seen as a factitious – albeit highly subjective – egodocument, whereas in Literary Studies, the textual and narrative structure as well as the identity construction of the writing subject are highlighted. In order to gauge the methodological tension between these two perspectives, special attention will be paid to German-Jewish Holocaust diaries, specifically those by Victor Klemperer in Dresden and Willy Cohn in Breslau.
{"title":"Jewish ego-documents in Holocaust studies: the use of the diary as a genre and a source","authors":"A. Sepp, Annelies Augustyns","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2023.2208405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2023.2208405","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The focus of this contribution is on the intricacies of the use of the Jewish diary as a genre and a source in Holocaust Studies. We will show how from a historical point of view, the diary can be seen as a factitious – albeit highly subjective – egodocument, whereas in Literary Studies, the textual and narrative structure as well as the identity construction of the writing subject are highlighted. In order to gauge the methodological tension between these two perspectives, special attention will be paid to German-Jewish Holocaust diaries, specifically those by Victor Klemperer in Dresden and Willy Cohn in Breslau.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"232 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45572208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2023.2202059
G. Zelenina
ABSTRACT The article, centered around a late Soviet Jewish diary, examines constituents of Soviet Jewish identity in autobiographical writing, asking how the modes and measures of Jewish identity expression are influenced by genre frameworks (memoirs vs. diaries), political climate, and principles of socialist subjectivity. Discovering Jewish roots in seemingly orthodox Soviet statements and, thus, substantiating the public anti-Zionist discourse of the late Soviet decades with a private diary, the article argues in favor of the idea of multiple dynamic identities, of which a dormant one might be invoked and replace a salient one, and vice-versa as more accurate than the rigid Soviet/Jewish dichotomy.
{"title":"Between “wretched antisemitism” and “disgusting Zionism”: Pain and hope in a Jewish old Bolshevik’s diary","authors":"G. Zelenina","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2023.2202059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2023.2202059","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article, centered around a late Soviet Jewish diary, examines constituents of Soviet Jewish identity in autobiographical writing, asking how the modes and measures of Jewish identity expression are influenced by genre frameworks (memoirs vs. diaries), political climate, and principles of socialist subjectivity. Discovering Jewish roots in seemingly orthodox Soviet statements and, thus, substantiating the public anti-Zionist discourse of the late Soviet decades with a private diary, the article argues in favor of the idea of multiple dynamic identities, of which a dormant one might be invoked and replace a salient one, and vice-versa as more accurate than the rigid Soviet/Jewish dichotomy.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"251 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46613966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2023.2198874
Zuzanna Kołodziejska-Smagała
ABSTRACT The article focuses on methodological questions in the research on memoirs, recollections, diaries and correspondence written in Polish by Jewish women between the late 1880s and 1918. It seeks to show the benefits for Jewish studies of analyzing discourses on body and sexuality in Polish-Jewish ego-documents. It asks the question of benefits and challenges for the study of Jewish and Polish social histories that such sources evoke. Adapting methodology used in anthropology, the article discusses the impact of the researcher on the interpretation of the analyzed sources.
{"title":"Reflection on the female body in Polish-Jewish ego-documents of the late 19th and early 20th centuries – challenges and opportunities","authors":"Zuzanna Kołodziejska-Smagała","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2023.2198874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2023.2198874","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article focuses on methodological questions in the research on memoirs, recollections, diaries and correspondence written in Polish by Jewish women between the late 1880s and 1918. It seeks to show the benefits for Jewish studies of analyzing discourses on body and sexuality in Polish-Jewish ego-documents. It asks the question of benefits and challenges for the study of Jewish and Polish social histories that such sources evoke. Adapting methodology used in anthropology, the article discusses the impact of the researcher on the interpretation of the analyzed sources.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"157 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48950863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2023.2192639
J. Schwartzmann
ABSTRACT The article deals with the maskilic autobiography written in 1886 by a little-known Hungarian rabbi, Mózes Salamon (1837–1912). The autobiography, entitled The Days of My Life, was written in Hebrew in rhymed prose as a tribute to the medieval maqama. The bitter-sweet story of the author’s eventful youth is imbued with biblical expressions and connotations. Like other members of the Haskalah movement, the author stresses the vital importance of general education, while criticizing the religious educational system of his time and those who stand in the way of acquiring knowledge.
{"title":"The Days of My Life: A little-known autobiography of a 19th century Hungarian Rabbi","authors":"J. Schwartzmann","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2023.2192639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2023.2192639","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article deals with the maskilic autobiography written in 1886 by a little-known Hungarian rabbi, Mózes Salamon (1837–1912). The autobiography, entitled The Days of My Life, was written in Hebrew in rhymed prose as a tribute to the medieval maqama. The bitter-sweet story of the author’s eventful youth is imbued with biblical expressions and connotations. Like other members of the Haskalah movement, the author stresses the vital importance of general education, while criticizing the religious educational system of his time and those who stand in the way of acquiring knowledge.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"128 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47935004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2023.2192638
Barnabas Balint
ABSTRACT This article highlights a specific type of ego-document, where the personal and institutional are deeply intertwined and can only be understood together. It analyses a collection of letters sent between the head of the Jewish Scouts in France, Robert Gamzon, and his wife and children in hiding during the Second World War. These letters held a dual purpose: to emotionally connect a family and to pass secret encoded details about maquis activity. Decoding the letters to reveal their true meaning, this article offers a vivid window into the daily life of the resistance and the ways that Jews experienced it.
{"title":"“I am now their father too”: the multi-layered meanings of family letters from the Jewish Maquis in France during the second world war","authors":"Barnabas Balint","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2023.2192638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2023.2192638","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article highlights a specific type of ego-document, where the personal and institutional are deeply intertwined and can only be understood together. It analyses a collection of letters sent between the head of the Jewish Scouts in France, Robert Gamzon, and his wife and children in hiding during the Second World War. These letters held a dual purpose: to emotionally connect a family and to pass secret encoded details about maquis activity. Decoding the letters to reveal their true meaning, this article offers a vivid window into the daily life of the resistance and the ways that Jews experienced it.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"193 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41458902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-05DOI: 10.1080/1462169x.2023.2185356
M. Keren
ABSTRACT In this article I uncover formerly undisclosed ego-documents by Baruch Gurevitz, a young soldier who served in the Jewish Legions formed in the British army in the First World War. Gurevitz recorded in his notebook conversations with Jewish legionnaires from different countries and varied backgrounds. These documents reveal how crucial the tales of individuals are for an understanding of the sources of Jewish nationalism shown here to relate to tiny sparks of consciousness rather than to the rhetoric of national leaders and ideologues. The documents also highlight an important, if sometimes forgotten, component of life writing: the art of listening.
{"title":"The art of listening: a soldier’s life writing in the Jewish Legions","authors":"M. Keren","doi":"10.1080/1462169x.2023.2185356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169x.2023.2185356","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article I uncover formerly undisclosed ego-documents by Baruch Gurevitz, a young soldier who served in the Jewish Legions formed in the British army in the First World War. Gurevitz recorded in his notebook conversations with Jewish legionnaires from different countries and varied backgrounds. These documents reveal how crucial the tales of individuals are for an understanding of the sources of Jewish nationalism shown here to relate to tiny sparks of consciousness rather than to the rhetoric of national leaders and ideologues. The documents also highlight an important, if sometimes forgotten, component of life writing: the art of listening.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"180 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48279643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1080/1462169x.2023.2184077
Daniel Stern
ABSTRACT This article explores the diary of Shulamit Pilitovski, a young Jewish woman from the small town of Lazdiaji, Lithuania, who studied at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem between 1936 and 1939. The diary was written in Yiddish and later in Hebrew and dealt with the political, social, and personal affairs of that period. After graduating, she went back home for a family visit on the eve of The Second World War and could not return. She was murdered in the Vilna Ghetto in 1941. The diary, which survived in Jerusalem and had been buried in an archive for decades, is written in beautiful poetic language and in a sincere manner reflecting the events of the time from a uniquely personal viewpoint.
{"title":"“What will the next five years bring me?”: Shulamit Pilitovski’s personal diary, Lithuania–Jerusalem, 1936–1939","authors":"Daniel Stern","doi":"10.1080/1462169x.2023.2184077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169x.2023.2184077","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores the diary of Shulamit Pilitovski, a young Jewish woman from the small town of Lazdiaji, Lithuania, who studied at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem between 1936 and 1939. The diary was written in Yiddish and later in Hebrew and dealt with the political, social, and personal affairs of that period. After graduating, she went back home for a family visit on the eve of The Second World War and could not return. She was murdered in the Vilna Ghetto in 1941. The diary, which survived in Jerusalem and had been buried in an archive for decades, is written in beautiful poetic language and in a sincere manner reflecting the events of the time from a uniquely personal viewpoint.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"140 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46508341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2023.2164981
Maja Hultman, Benito Peix Geldart, A. Houltz
When entering the Jewish Museum in Stockholm, a large glass case at the end of the hallway will likely draw any visitor’s attention. In it, two colourful and extravagantly patterned shirts are positioned one above the other (figure 1). Their simple wraparound design appears in striking contrast to the exclusive fabric. The explanation to this contrast lies in the history and origin of the shirts; they were quickly sewn together to be used as hospital shirts during the 1808–1809 war between Sweden and Russia. Due to a lack of the simple, blue and white striped fabric normally used for military hospital garments, fashionable calico fabric had to be used instead, resulting in these blue and red shirts, lined with exquisite, printed patterns (Swedish: kattuntryck). The fabric came from the textile print factory Blecktornet in Stockholm, owned by the Jewish businessman Aron Moses Lamm (1756–1824). Although considered a member of the ‘Jewish nation’ in Sweden, and thus spatially, economically and socially regulated by the 1782 statute Judereglementet, which both manifested and limited the rights for Jews to make a living in Sweden, Lamm aided the Swedish cause by providing the fabric and thus contributed to the foreign affairs of the Swedish nation. The unique shirts displayed at the museum show the intrinsic relationship between Jewish businesses and cultural endeavours. Lamm and other Jewish producers were instrumental in the reintroduction of printed calico textiles to Sweden in the early decades of the nineteenth century, and their goods, characterized by new techniques and international patterns, soon made way into both fashion and regional vernacular costumes. Because of the Swedish–Russian war, Lamm’s calico fabric unexpectedly provided him with the opportunity to express his belonging to Sweden. The factory Blecktornet, set up to provide him and his family with financial means to live and thrive in a new country, entered the realm of cultural negotiations over Jewish existence and role in Sweden. Its textile products entered non-Jewish spaces of war and dressed nonJewish bodies fighting for the Swedish nation. On a larger temporal scale, Jewish businesses in the centuries to come were incorporated into the national market, thus serving both Swedish economy and national identity. At the same time, occupying positions from peddling to banking, Jews were constantly subjected to, and othered by, antisemitic tropes and discourses related to money. To make money and become successful was thus associated with cultural negotiations on national belonging. In other words, to own and run a business as a Jew in modern Sweden – and indeed Europe – was to enter the business of culture.
{"title":"Introduction: Jews, Europe, and the business of culture","authors":"Maja Hultman, Benito Peix Geldart, A. Houltz","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2023.2164981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2023.2164981","url":null,"abstract":"When entering the Jewish Museum in Stockholm, a large glass case at the end of the hallway will likely draw any visitor’s attention. In it, two colourful and extravagantly patterned shirts are positioned one above the other (figure 1). Their simple wraparound design appears in striking contrast to the exclusive fabric. The explanation to this contrast lies in the history and origin of the shirts; they were quickly sewn together to be used as hospital shirts during the 1808–1809 war between Sweden and Russia. Due to a lack of the simple, blue and white striped fabric normally used for military hospital garments, fashionable calico fabric had to be used instead, resulting in these blue and red shirts, lined with exquisite, printed patterns (Swedish: kattuntryck). The fabric came from the textile print factory Blecktornet in Stockholm, owned by the Jewish businessman Aron Moses Lamm (1756–1824). Although considered a member of the ‘Jewish nation’ in Sweden, and thus spatially, economically and socially regulated by the 1782 statute Judereglementet, which both manifested and limited the rights for Jews to make a living in Sweden, Lamm aided the Swedish cause by providing the fabric and thus contributed to the foreign affairs of the Swedish nation. The unique shirts displayed at the museum show the intrinsic relationship between Jewish businesses and cultural endeavours. Lamm and other Jewish producers were instrumental in the reintroduction of printed calico textiles to Sweden in the early decades of the nineteenth century, and their goods, characterized by new techniques and international patterns, soon made way into both fashion and regional vernacular costumes. Because of the Swedish–Russian war, Lamm’s calico fabric unexpectedly provided him with the opportunity to express his belonging to Sweden. The factory Blecktornet, set up to provide him and his family with financial means to live and thrive in a new country, entered the realm of cultural negotiations over Jewish existence and role in Sweden. Its textile products entered non-Jewish spaces of war and dressed nonJewish bodies fighting for the Swedish nation. On a larger temporal scale, Jewish businesses in the centuries to come were incorporated into the national market, thus serving both Swedish economy and national identity. At the same time, occupying positions from peddling to banking, Jews were constantly subjected to, and othered by, antisemitic tropes and discourses related to money. To make money and become successful was thus associated with cultural negotiations on national belonging. In other words, to own and run a business as a Jew in modern Sweden – and indeed Europe – was to enter the business of culture.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"24 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43443682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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