Lucilla Vieira Carneiro Gomes, Hemílio Fernandes Campos Coêlho, J. Sampaio, Vitória Polliany de Oliveira Silva, Kerle Dayana Tavares de Lucena, Cecília Danielle Bezerra Oliveira
Introdução: a violência doméstica é caracterizada como um problema crescente de saúde pública que gera grandes consequências, além da violação aos direitos humanos das mulheres que se encontram em situação de violencia. Objetivo: descrever a construção e validação de conteúdo de um instrumento visando identificar a violência doméstica contra a mulher na perspectiva da aplicabilidade de um modelo de decisão. Método: trata-se de um estudo metodológico composto de duas fases: a primeira foi a elaboração do instrumento, a partir de revisão integrativa da literatura; a segunda, de validação de conteúdo, mediante a avaliação do instrumento por dez especialistas, com expertise na área de violência doméstica contra a mulher. Para análise, calculou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC≥0,80). Resultados: dos 23 itens submetidos inicialmente à validação, 65,2% (n = 15) alcançaram IVC igual ou maior que (0,80) e 34,8% (n = 8) obtiveram IVC inferior a (0,80). Após realizar as alterações sugeridas pelas especialistas na primeira rodada foi construída uma segunda versão do instrumento e reenviada às juízas participantes, ajustando-se os itens propostos. Nesta segunda rodada de avaliação, os itens ajustados e acrescentados alcançaram IVC igual ou maior que 0.90. Conclusão: o instrumento foi considerado válido e adequado para identificar a violência doméstica contra a mulher, servindo como fonte para a construção de indicadores de saúde e para o enfrentamento dessa problemática.
{"title":"Violência doméstica contra a mulher: construção e validação de conteúdo para aplicabilidade de um modelo de decisão","authors":"Lucilla Vieira Carneiro Gomes, Hemílio Fernandes Campos Coêlho, J. Sampaio, Vitória Polliany de Oliveira Silva, Kerle Dayana Tavares de Lucena, Cecília Danielle Bezerra Oliveira","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14450","url":null,"abstract":"Introdução: a violência doméstica é caracterizada como um problema crescente de saúde pública que gera grandes consequências, além da violação aos direitos humanos das mulheres que se encontram em situação de violencia.\u0000Objetivo: descrever a construção e validação de conteúdo de um instrumento visando identificar a violência doméstica contra a mulher na perspectiva da aplicabilidade de um modelo de decisão.\u0000Método: trata-se de um estudo metodológico composto de duas fases: a primeira foi a elaboração do instrumento, a partir de revisão integrativa da literatura; a segunda, de validação de conteúdo, mediante a avaliação do instrumento por dez especialistas, com expertise na área de violência doméstica contra a mulher. Para análise, calculou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC≥0,80).\u0000Resultados: dos 23 itens submetidos inicialmente à validação, 65,2% (n = 15) alcançaram IVC igual ou maior que (0,80) e 34,8% (n = 8) obtiveram IVC inferior a (0,80). Após realizar as alterações sugeridas pelas especialistas na primeira rodada foi construída uma segunda versão do instrumento e reenviada às juízas participantes, ajustando-se os itens propostos. Nesta segunda rodada de avaliação, os itens ajustados e acrescentados alcançaram IVC igual ou maior que 0.90.\u0000Conclusão: o instrumento foi considerado válido e adequado para identificar a violência doméstica contra a mulher, servindo como fonte para a construção de indicadores de saúde e para o enfrentamento dessa problemática.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erika Aparecida Silveira, Amanda Maria de Sousa Romeiro, Anaïs Junger, Adriana Cristina Fiaschi Ramos, Polissandro Mortoza Alves, Matias Noll, Cesar de Oliveira, Priscilla Rayanne E. Silva Noll
Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on mortality and several adverse health outcomes. It has also affected education as schools and universities had to adapt to remote learning due to social isolation strategies. Objective: to analyze the pandemic’s impact on medical education including undergraduate and graduate students and lecturers, as follow: i) teaching methods adopted by education institutes during shutdown, ii) students and lecturers’ perceptions and iii) impacts on students’ mental health. Methods: this systematic review includes the following study designs: cross-sectional, surveys, case-control, cohort, and clinical trials. The literature search was performed in four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and SciELO . The risk of bias and the quality of the evidence were evaluated. Results: a total of 1,576 articles were identified through searching databases, and 40 articles were included. We found the use of several teaching methods such as virtual platforms and social media, pre-recorded videos, discussion forums and others. Student’s challenges related to interference during online study such as family distractions, lack of a study room, challenges with internet connectivity, difficulties in communication between students and lecturers, gaps encountered during clinical skills learning. Lecturers’ challenges were difficulty in grasping students’ progress and learning outcomes and the lack of experience in online teaching. Only five studies explored mental health issues of medical students and found the occurrence of depression, anxiety, and stress. However, their prevalence was not comparable due to the use of different diagnostic instruments. Conclusion: there has been a wide range of teaching methods implemented for distance learning of medical students globally. The perceptions of medical students about these methods and their impact were also varied. Infrastructure, family, and curriculum problems represented the greatest difficulties in adherence and satisfaction with distance learning. However, the flexibility of digital learning was one of the factors that helped reduce these problems. Regarding mental health, the occurrence of anxiety, depression, and stress was reported.
{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Education: a Systematic Review of Distance Learning, Student’s Perceptions, and Mental Health","authors":"Erika Aparecida Silveira, Amanda Maria de Sousa Romeiro, Anaïs Junger, Adriana Cristina Fiaschi Ramos, Polissandro Mortoza Alves, Matias Noll, Cesar de Oliveira, Priscilla Rayanne E. Silva Noll","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14647","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on mortality and several adverse health outcomes. It has also affected education as schools and universities had to adapt to remote learning due to social isolation strategies.\u0000Objective: to analyze the pandemic’s impact on medical education including undergraduate and graduate students and lecturers, as follow: i) teaching methods adopted by education institutes during shutdown, ii) students and lecturers’ perceptions and iii) impacts on students’ mental health.\u0000Methods: this systematic review includes the following study designs: cross-sectional, surveys, case-control, cohort, and clinical trials. The literature search was performed in four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and SciELO . The risk of bias and the quality of the evidence were evaluated.\u0000Results: a total of 1,576 articles were identified through searching databases, and 40 articles were included. We found the use of several teaching methods such as virtual platforms and social media, pre-recorded videos, discussion forums and others. Student’s challenges related to interference during online study such as family distractions, lack of a study room, challenges with internet connectivity, difficulties in communication between students and lecturers, gaps encountered during clinical skills learning. Lecturers’ challenges were difficulty in grasping students’ progress and learning outcomes and the lack of experience in online teaching. Only five studies explored mental health issues of medical students and found the occurrence of depression, anxiety, and stress. However, their prevalence was not comparable due to the use of different diagnostic instruments.\u0000Conclusion: there has been a wide range of teaching methods implemented for distance learning of medical students globally. The perceptions of medical students about these methods and their impact were also varied. Infrastructure, family, and curriculum problems represented the greatest difficulties in adherence and satisfaction with distance learning. However, the flexibility of digital learning was one of the factors that helped reduce these problems. Regarding mental health, the occurrence of anxiety, depression, and stress was reported.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":"595 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139019518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellem Nara Tananta Dantas, Yandra Alves Prestes, Johrdy Amilton Da Costa Braga, Anna Quialheiro, Elisa Brosina de Leon, Hércules Lázaro Morais Campos
Introduction: the aging that happens in the world is already a reality in remote and fast areas of the interior of Amazonas; with the population increasing each day more longevous, it is necessary to understand the aging process in these regions where the practice of physical activity is a reality, it was described the presence of life purpose in a group of older people who practice physical activity in the community. Objective: we investigated the presence of life purpose in older people who practiced physical activity before and during the covid-19 pandemic in the interior of Amazonas. Methods: this longitudinal study was conducted with 63 older people who practiced physical activity in a group before and during the covid 19 pandemic in the countryside of Amazonas. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were assessed, as well as well-being and life direction, through the life purpose questionnaire. Results: the elderly in this study have been followed since 2019; before the covid 19 pandemic struck the world, they practiced regular physical activity and had to temporarily suspend their training during the critical period of the pandemic. The group is composed mainly of older adults between the ages of 60 and 79; most are illiterate, have an income of not even one minimum wage, report living with someone, and say their vision as the regular or poor yet still present presence of life purpose and life direction. Conclusion: during the Covid-19 pandemic and social isolation, the elderly had a reduced perception of purpose in life, although they reported joy and satisfaction with life.
{"title":"Life purpose before and during the covid-19 pandemic in elderly physical activity practitioners in the interior of Amazonas state: a longitudinal study","authors":"Ellem Nara Tananta Dantas, Yandra Alves Prestes, Johrdy Amilton Da Costa Braga, Anna Quialheiro, Elisa Brosina de Leon, Hércules Lázaro Morais Campos","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14268","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the aging that happens in the world is already a reality in remote and fast areas of the interior of Amazonas; with the population increasing each day more longevous, it is necessary to understand the aging process in these regions where the practice of physical activity is a reality, it was described the presence of life purpose in a group of older people who practice physical activity in the community.\u0000Objective: we investigated the presence of life purpose in older people who practiced physical activity before and during the covid-19 pandemic in the interior of Amazonas.\u0000Methods: this longitudinal study was conducted with 63 older people who practiced physical activity in a group before and during the covid 19 pandemic in the countryside of Amazonas. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were assessed, as well as well-being and life direction, through the life purpose questionnaire.\u0000Results: the elderly in this study have been followed since 2019; before the covid 19 pandemic struck the world, they practiced regular physical activity and had to temporarily suspend their training during the critical period of the pandemic. The group is composed mainly of older adults between the ages of 60 and 79; most are illiterate, have an income of not even one minimum wage, report living with someone, and say their vision as the regular or poor yet still present presence of life purpose and life direction.\u0000Conclusion: during the Covid-19 pandemic and social isolation, the elderly had a reduced perception of purpose in life, although they reported joy and satisfaction with life.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":"86 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriella Lima Santos, Tassiane Cristina Morais, João Batista Francalino da Rocha, Leonardo Gomes da Silva, Edna Do Nascimento Moratti, Sidnei Anastácio Sampaio, Luiz Carlos de Abreu
Introduction: the progression of SARS-CoV-2 highlighted the Americas region for the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. In Brazil, the Southeast region was one of the most affected, especially the state of Rio de Janeiro, due to its cosmopolitan characteristics. Objective: to analyze temporal variations in the incidence, mortality and lethality of COVID-19 in the state of Rio de Janeiro from January 2020 to December 2022. Methods: ecological time-series study with publicly available data on COVID-19 cases and deaths. Crude incidence, mortality, and fatality rates, and estimates of percent daily change (DPC) were analyzed using Prais-Winsten linear regression. With calculation of crude rates were performed using Microsoft Excel 2019, and DPC estimates were performed using STATA MP 17.0 software. Results: 2.5 million cases and 76 thousand COVID-19 deaths were confirmed in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2020 to 2022, with lethality declining from 4.89% to 0.60%. The highest lethality occurred in May 2020 (11.59%), October 2021 (9.13%) and March 2022 (6.78%), showing a stationary trend. In 2020, incidence and mortality rates peaked in December (797.76 per 100,000 inhabitants) and May (43.96 per 100,000 inhabitants), respectively, followed by subsequent declines. Incidence trend was increasing in 2020 and stationary in 2022, while mortality decreased in 2021 and 2022 after stability in 2020. Conclusion: The incidence of COVID-19 peaked in 2020 and subsequently declined, suggesting partial transmission control. Mortality stabilized after 2020, indicating evolution in health care. Lethality showed a stationary trend, indicating an improvement in hospital capacity. The divergent behavior of the epidemiological indicators reflected the complex dynamics of the pandemic in the analyzed state. There were 790 thousand deaths from COVID-19 in the State of Rio de Janeiro in the period from 2020 to 2022.
{"title":"COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a perspective on epidemiological events","authors":"Gabriella Lima Santos, Tassiane Cristina Morais, João Batista Francalino da Rocha, Leonardo Gomes da Silva, Edna Do Nascimento Moratti, Sidnei Anastácio Sampaio, Luiz Carlos de Abreu","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.15286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.15286","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the progression of SARS-CoV-2 highlighted the Americas region for the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. In Brazil, the Southeast region was one of the most affected, especially the state of Rio de Janeiro, due to its cosmopolitan characteristics.\u0000Objective: to analyze temporal variations in the incidence, mortality and lethality of COVID-19 in the state of Rio de Janeiro from January 2020 to December 2022.\u0000Methods: ecological time-series study with publicly available data on COVID-19 cases and deaths. Crude incidence, mortality, and fatality rates, and estimates of percent daily change (DPC) were analyzed using Prais-Winsten linear regression. With calculation of crude rates were performed using Microsoft Excel 2019, and DPC estimates were performed using STATA MP 17.0 software.\u0000Results: 2.5 million cases and 76 thousand COVID-19 deaths were confirmed in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2020 to 2022, with lethality declining from 4.89% to 0.60%. The highest lethality occurred in May 2020 (11.59%), October 2021 (9.13%) and March 2022 (6.78%), showing a stationary trend. In 2020, incidence and mortality rates peaked in December (797.76 per 100,000 inhabitants) and May (43.96 per 100,000 inhabitants), respectively, followed by subsequent declines. Incidence trend was increasing in 2020 and stationary in 2022, while mortality decreased in 2021 and 2022 after stability in 2020.\u0000Conclusion: The incidence of COVID-19 peaked in 2020 and subsequently declined, suggesting partial transmission control. Mortality stabilized after 2020, indicating evolution in health care. Lethality showed a stationary trend, indicating an improvement in hospital capacity. The divergent behavior of the epidemiological indicators reflected the complex dynamics of the pandemic in the analyzed state. There were 790 thousand deaths from COVID-19 in the State of Rio de Janeiro in the period from 2020 to 2022.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139024667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica Vaz Gonçalves, Rodrigo Miranda Groberio, Ramon Da Silva Pereira, Lucas Rodrigues Nascimento, Walter Gomes da Silva, Hellen Siler Vasconcellos, Carla Bernardo Louzada, Larissa Cunha Silva Santos Ramos, Thais Da Silva Rodrigues, Hanna Souza de Almeida, Fernando Zanela da Silva Arêas
Introduction: traumatic brain injury is a global public health problem due to its severity and high rates of morbimortality worldwide. Identifying predictors associated with increased mortality and unfavorable functional outcomes after the traumatic brain injury event is crucial for minimizing morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, this study aims to establish a protocol to investigate the predictors of mortality and functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury in Brazil. Methods: The study will include all patients admitted for severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 8) at the State Hospital of Urgency and Emergency, which is the referral trauma hospital of Espirito Santo. The outcomes of interest are hospital mortality and functional recovery 24 months after hospital discharge. Subjects will be followed up at seventy-two hours, three months, six months, twelve months, and twenty-four months after the trauma. Morbidity will be determined by assessing: 1) the level of motor and cognitive disability, 2) functional impairment and quality of life, and 3) aspects of rehabilitation treatment. Additionally, the traumatic brain injury load, estimated by the years of life lost, will be calculated. Discussion: the results of this study will help identify variables that can predict morbidity and mortality, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Furthermore, the findings will have practical implications for: 1) the development of public policies, 2) investments in hospital infrastructure 3) understanding the socioeconomic impact of functional loss in the individuals. Study registration: the study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Espirito Santo under protocol number 4.222.002 on August 18, 2020.
{"title":"Predictors of Mortality and Functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury: protocol for a prospective cohort study","authors":"Jessica Vaz Gonçalves, Rodrigo Miranda Groberio, Ramon Da Silva Pereira, Lucas Rodrigues Nascimento, Walter Gomes da Silva, Hellen Siler Vasconcellos, Carla Bernardo Louzada, Larissa Cunha Silva Santos Ramos, Thais Da Silva Rodrigues, Hanna Souza de Almeida, Fernando Zanela da Silva Arêas","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14929","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: traumatic brain injury is a global public health problem due to its severity and high rates of morbimortality worldwide. Identifying predictors associated with increased mortality and unfavorable functional outcomes after the traumatic brain injury event is crucial for minimizing morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, this study aims to establish a protocol to investigate the predictors of mortality and functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury in Brazil. \u0000Methods: The study will include all patients admitted for severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 8) at the State Hospital of Urgency and Emergency, which is the referral trauma hospital of Espirito Santo. The outcomes of interest are hospital mortality and functional recovery 24 months after hospital discharge. Subjects will be followed up at seventy-two hours, three months, six months, twelve months, and twenty-four months after the trauma. Morbidity will be determined by assessing: 1) the level of motor and cognitive disability, 2) functional impairment and quality of life, and 3) aspects of rehabilitation treatment. Additionally, the traumatic brain injury load, estimated by the years of life lost, will be calculated. \u0000Discussion: the results of this study will help identify variables that can predict morbidity and mortality, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Furthermore, the findings will have practical implications for: 1) the development of public policies, 2) investments in hospital infrastructure 3) understanding the socioeconomic impact of functional loss in the individuals.\u0000Study registration: the study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Espirito Santo under protocol number 4.222.002 on August 18, 2020.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48172836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabela G. Murbach, Vitória F. M. Martins, Milena M. Cristófalo, Érika T. Fukunaga, José M. Aldrighi
Objectives: to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to assess whether hormone therapy (HT) increases weight in women in the menopausal transition and after menopause. Method: this article proposes an update to the systematic review published in 2005 by the Cochrane Library (Kongnyuy EJ et al 2005) with reference to studies assessing weight changes in women receiving HT from 1986 to 2005. Following PRISMA recommendations, we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ) from May 2005 onwards from Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Two authors independently assessed the risk of biases in the selected studies. Results: ten RCTs were included, totaling 2,588 HT users and 764 non-users. Different regimens, dosages, and routes of administration in HT users were analyzed and compared to non-users. The results did not show statistically significant differences for most of the HT regimens evaluated. There was significant weight gain only in patients using EEC alone at dosages of 0.45 mg/day and 0.3 mg/day when compared to placebo (p 0.01); as well as in patients receiving esto-progestative combinations of 0.5 mg/day 17-beta-estradiol (E2) + 100 mg/day progesterone, with a 0.7 kg weight increase (p 0.032). On the other hand, the combinations of 1 mg/day estradiol valerate + 3 mg/day drospirenone showed a -1.0 kg reduction (p = 0.04), whereas a -0.2 kg reduction (p = 0.001) was identified in patients using 1 mg /day estradiol (E) + 0.5 mg norethisterone acetate (NETA). Tibolone therapy showed no statistically significant changes in weight. After performing a meta-analysis, the comparative results between users and non-users showed that there was a slight weight increase (+0.279 kg ; CI -1.71 to 2.27) in patients using 0.625 mg/day conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) + 2.5 mg/day medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). As for the patients receiving 2.5 mg/day Tibolone, weight gain (+0.670 kg; CI from -1.14 to 2.48) was also observed in them. However, these increases were not significant when compared to non-HT users. Conclusions: most regimens studied showed that patients using HT in the menopausal transition and after menopause did not show significant weight gain. The only combination that showed weight gain was 0.5 mg/day 17-beta-estradiol (E2) + 100 mg/day progesterone observed, while there was weight reduction in patients using 1 mg/day estradiol valerate + 3 mg/day drospirenone and 1 mg/day estradiol (E) + norethisterone acetate.
{"title":"Association Between Hormone Therapy and Weight Gain in the Menopause Transition and After Menopause: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Isabela G. Murbach, Vitória F. M. Martins, Milena M. Cristófalo, Érika T. Fukunaga, José M. Aldrighi","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14764","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to assess whether hormone therapy (HT) increases weight in women in the menopausal transition and after menopause.\u0000Method: this article proposes an update to the systematic review published in 2005 by the Cochrane Library (Kongnyuy EJ et al 2005) with reference to studies assessing weight changes in women receiving HT from 1986 to 2005. Following PRISMA recommendations, we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ) from May 2005 onwards from Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Two authors independently assessed the risk of biases in the selected studies.\u0000Results: ten RCTs were included, totaling 2,588 HT users and 764 non-users. Different regimens, dosages, and routes of administration in HT users were analyzed and compared to non-users. The results did not show statistically significant differences for most of the HT regimens evaluated. There was significant weight gain only in patients using EEC alone at dosages of 0.45 mg/day and 0.3 mg/day when compared to placebo (p 0.01); as well as in patients receiving esto-progestative combinations of 0.5 mg/day 17-beta-estradiol (E2) + 100 mg/day progesterone, with a 0.7 kg weight increase (p 0.032). On the other hand, the combinations of 1 mg/day estradiol valerate + 3 mg/day drospirenone showed a -1.0 kg reduction (p = 0.04), whereas a -0.2 kg reduction (p = 0.001) was identified in patients using 1 mg /day estradiol (E) + 0.5 mg norethisterone acetate (NETA). Tibolone therapy showed no statistically significant changes in weight. After performing a meta-analysis, the comparative results between users and non-users showed that there was a slight weight increase (+0.279 kg ; CI -1.71 to 2.27) in patients using 0.625 mg/day conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) + 2.5 mg/day medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). As for the patients receiving 2.5 mg/day Tibolone, weight gain (+0.670 kg; CI from -1.14 to 2.48) was also observed in them. However, these increases were not significant when compared to non-HT users.\u0000Conclusions: most regimens studied showed that patients using HT in the menopausal transition and after menopause did not show significant weight gain. The only combination that showed weight gain was 0.5 mg/day 17-beta-estradiol (E2) + 100 mg/day progesterone observed, while there was weight reduction in patients using 1 mg/day estradiol valerate + 3 mg/day drospirenone and 1 mg/day estradiol (E) + norethisterone acetate.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46285020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitória Andrade Rodrigues Moreira, Luiz Carlos de Abreu, Janaína Paula Costa da Silva, Gabrielle Do Amaral Virginio Pereira, Norrayne Nascimento Lyrio Pereira, Ramona Dutra Uliana, Ruth Paganini Rodrigues, Míriam Carmo Rodrigues Barbosa, Tamires Dos Santos Vieira, Tassiane Cristina Morais
Introdução: evidências científicas enfatizam que disrupções cronobiológicas podem promover a obesidade por mecanismos envolvendo ação de importantes hormônios marcadores do ritmo circadiano: a melatonina e cortisol. Estes hormônios estão presentes no colostro humano e representam importante mecanismo de proteção materno infantil frente à obesidade e infecções infantis, devido à intensa interação entre mãe e filho durante a gravidez e amamentação. Assim, os hormônios melatonina e cortisol presentes no colostro humano representam promissores candidatos para fornecer resultados com capacidade de aplicação clínica e de embasamento de futuras estratégias de intervenção com enfoque na redução da obesidade e de infecções neonatais. Entretanto, são escassos os estudos na literatura sobre o tema. Objetivo: analisar as repercussões da obesidade materna sobre os níveis e as ações da melatonina e do cortisol no colostro e leite materno. Método: foi realizada uma revisão sistematizada da literatura científica seguindo as recomendações do protocolo Prisma. Foram pesquisados artigos originais, publicados em inglês, nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline, Lilacs e Scopus. Não houve restrição quanto ao ano de publicação. Resultados: foram identificados 37 artigos nas bases de dados pesquisados, 15 artigos foram excluídos por estarem duplicados, após aplicação do critério de inclusão e exclusão apenas 5 estudos tiveram relação ao tema, sendo 2 estudos abordando sobre melatonina e 3 pesquisas que analisaram o cortisol. Esta revisão mostrou que a melatonina está elevada em colostro de obesas e para este grupo ela possui potencial de restaurar atividade de fagócitos e de elevar a proliferação de linfócitos. Os estudos sobre o cortisol ilustraram que os níveis deste hormônio no leite materno não foram alterados pela obesidade materna. Conclusão: o aleitamento materno deve ser encorajado para todos os públicos, assim como mais pesquisas originais devem ser desenvolvidas para descrever os mecanismos protetores do colostro e leite materno.
{"title":"Obesidade materna e suas repercussões sobre melatonina e cortisol no leite materno e colostro humano","authors":"Vitória Andrade Rodrigues Moreira, Luiz Carlos de Abreu, Janaína Paula Costa da Silva, Gabrielle Do Amaral Virginio Pereira, Norrayne Nascimento Lyrio Pereira, Ramona Dutra Uliana, Ruth Paganini Rodrigues, Míriam Carmo Rodrigues Barbosa, Tamires Dos Santos Vieira, Tassiane Cristina Morais","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14580","url":null,"abstract":"Introdução: evidências científicas enfatizam que disrupções cronobiológicas podem promover a obesidade por mecanismos envolvendo ação de importantes hormônios marcadores do ritmo circadiano: a melatonina e cortisol. Estes hormônios estão presentes no colostro humano e representam importante mecanismo de proteção materno infantil frente à obesidade e infecções infantis, devido à intensa interação entre mãe e filho durante a gravidez e amamentação. Assim, os hormônios melatonina e cortisol presentes no colostro humano representam promissores candidatos para fornecer resultados com capacidade de aplicação clínica e de embasamento de futuras estratégias de intervenção com enfoque na redução da obesidade e de infecções neonatais. Entretanto, são escassos os estudos na literatura sobre o tema. \u0000Objetivo: analisar as repercussões da obesidade materna sobre os níveis e as ações da melatonina e do cortisol no colostro e leite materno. \u0000Método: foi realizada uma revisão sistematizada da literatura científica seguindo as recomendações do protocolo Prisma. Foram pesquisados artigos originais, publicados em inglês, nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline, Lilacs e Scopus. Não houve restrição quanto ao ano de publicação.\u0000Resultados: foram identificados 37 artigos nas bases de dados pesquisados, 15 artigos foram excluídos por estarem duplicados, após aplicação do critério de inclusão e exclusão apenas 5 estudos tiveram relação ao tema, sendo 2 estudos abordando sobre melatonina e 3 pesquisas que analisaram o cortisol. Esta revisão mostrou que a melatonina está elevada em colostro de obesas e para este grupo ela possui potencial de restaurar atividade de fagócitos e de elevar a proliferação de linfócitos. Os estudos sobre o cortisol ilustraram que os níveis deste hormônio no leite materno não foram alterados pela obesidade materna. \u0000Conclusão: o aleitamento materno deve ser encorajado para todos os públicos, assim como mais pesquisas originais devem ser desenvolvidas para descrever os mecanismos protetores do colostro e leite materno.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47434686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gilson Parra, Claudio Leone Jr, Renata M. M. Pimentel
Introduction: this study analysed the transmission of values between generations in groups of people in unfavourable economic and social conditions. It was carried out with grandparents, their children, and their grandchildren who are residents of a peripheral neighbourhood of the capital of São Paulo and live in restricted economic conditions and under the daily impact of violence. The study sought to determine how the passage of values between generations is processed, in view of the exposure to conditions of deprivation to which these people are subjected, while they carry the obligation to ensure the minimum for their children but do not have the necessary resources. This raises the question of how it is possible to affirm a notion of right and wrong within this social framework. The theoretical basis of this study was psychoanalysis, using the concepts of Identification, Ego Ideal, Ideal Ego, Oedipus, and the dynamics underlying the insertion of the father in the Oedipal triad. Methods: interviews were conducted through group meetings to discuss issues related to morals. These discussions involved the three generational components of three families. Different arrangements were made that involved the same generational group in an initial meeting and, in another meeting, the mixture of different generations and different families responding to pre-established themes that involved moral dilemmas focused on the daily cultural and social life of these families. Results: the grandfathers were ambiguous because they have a reference to a law of morals transcending space and time. Parents, realising the ambiguity of these grandparents in relation to reality, reformulate these moral questions, basing their convictions on a law that is established within the contingencies of everyday life and, therefore, changeable. The adolescent grandchildren perceive this ambiguity in the parents and in their speech. Conclusion: There is greater identification of moral standards among grandchildren and grandparents than between children and parents. The interviewed parents were ambiguous in the way they act and speak, with the transgenerational reproduction model being more guided between grandchildren and grandparents than in the sequential temporal generational sequence.
{"title":"Transmission of moral values between generations of families in conditions of social and economic vulnerability","authors":"Gilson Parra, Claudio Leone Jr, Renata M. M. Pimentel","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14752","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: this study analysed the transmission of values between generations in groups of people in unfavourable economic and social conditions. It was carried out with grandparents, their children, and their grandchildren who are residents of a peripheral neighbourhood of the capital of São Paulo and live in restricted economic conditions and under the daily impact of violence. The study sought to determine how the passage of values between generations is processed, in view of the exposure to conditions of deprivation to which these people are subjected, while they carry the obligation to ensure the minimum for their children but do not have the necessary resources. This raises the question of how it is possible to affirm a notion of right and wrong within this social framework. The theoretical basis of this study was psychoanalysis, using the concepts of Identification, Ego Ideal, Ideal Ego, Oedipus, and the dynamics underlying the insertion of the father in the Oedipal triad.\u0000Methods: interviews were conducted through group meetings to discuss issues related to morals. These discussions involved the three generational components of three families. Different arrangements were made that involved the same generational group in an initial meeting and, in another meeting, the mixture of different generations and different families responding to pre-established themes that involved moral dilemmas focused on the daily cultural and social life of these families.\u0000Results: the grandfathers were ambiguous because they have a reference to a law of morals transcending space and time. Parents, realising the ambiguity of these grandparents in relation to reality, reformulate these moral questions, basing their convictions on a law that is established within the contingencies of everyday life and, therefore, changeable. The adolescent grandchildren perceive this ambiguity in the parents and in their speech. \u0000Conclusion: There is greater identification of moral standards among grandchildren and grandparents than between children and parents. The interviewed parents were ambiguous in the way they act and speak, with the transgenerational reproduction model being more guided between grandchildren and grandparents than in the sequential temporal generational sequence.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44754683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dandara Dias Cavalcante Abreu, Janaina Paula Costa da Silva, L. da Silva Paiva, Francisco Winter dos Santos Figueiredo, Ricardo Peres do Souto
Introduction: the critical period in the lives of college adults implies lifestyle changes such as reducing physical activity and adopting unhealthy eating habits that can result in increased body fat. Thus, college students may represent a population at increased risk for Night Eating Syndrome. Objective: to analyze aspects of university students’ academic life, work and housing that could be associated with Night Eating Syndrome. Methods: cross-sectional study carried out with 900 students from Architecture, Engineering, Medicine and Psychology courses at a higher education institution located in Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brazil. Self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection: the Night Eating instrument Questionnaire (NEQ) to quantify Night Eating Syndrome (NCS) behaviors and a form for variables on demographic, health, academic life, work and housing aspects. Results: the prevalence of NES determined by the NEQ≥25 score was 16.8%. In the Engineering course, the prevalence of SCN was higher in women than in men, and in the Psychology course, it was higher in men than in women. Among students with a job and who lived at home, the prevalence of the syndrome was higher for those who worked in the afternoon and lower for those who worked at night. Conclusion: the prevalence of NES found among Brazilian university students was high (16.8%), particularly in two situations: (1) being enrolled in an undergraduate course with a predominance of students of the other sex; and (2) live with parents and work in the afternoon. These observations may be helpful in identifying subpopulations of students at increased risk for eating disorders.
{"title":"Night eating syndrome among university students: are aspects of academic life associated with eating disorders?","authors":"Dandara Dias Cavalcante Abreu, Janaina Paula Costa da Silva, L. da Silva Paiva, Francisco Winter dos Santos Figueiredo, Ricardo Peres do Souto","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14933","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the critical period in the lives of college adults implies lifestyle changes such as reducing physical activity and adopting unhealthy eating habits that can result in increased body fat. Thus, college students may represent a population at increased risk for Night Eating Syndrome.\u0000Objective: to analyze aspects of university students’ academic life, work and housing that could be associated with Night Eating Syndrome.\u0000Methods: cross-sectional study carried out with 900 students from Architecture, Engineering, Medicine and Psychology courses at a higher education institution located in Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brazil. Self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection: the Night Eating instrument Questionnaire (NEQ) to quantify Night Eating Syndrome (NCS) behaviors and a form for variables on demographic, health, academic life, work and housing aspects.\u0000Results: the prevalence of NES determined by the NEQ≥25 score was 16.8%. In the Engineering course, the prevalence of SCN was higher in women than in men, and in the Psychology course, it was higher in men than in women. Among students with a job and who lived at home, the prevalence of the syndrome was higher for those who worked in the afternoon and lower for those who worked at night.\u0000Conclusion: the prevalence of NES found among Brazilian university students was high (16.8%), particularly in two situations: (1) being enrolled in an undergraduate course with a predominance of students of the other sex; and (2) live with parents and work in the afternoon. These observations may be helpful in identifying subpopulations of students at increased risk for eating disorders.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46777597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: whilst recent years have witnessed considerable research into infant categorisation, its development during the pre-school period has garnered far less interest and innovation. Objective: this paper documents the development of a valid and reliable new toolkit for measuring categorisation in children, designed to allow fine-grained differentiation through four short tasks. Methods: the paper outlines how a pilot study with 55 children reduced confounding variables, ruled out several explanations for performance variations and enabled procedural refinements. It then documents a study conducted with 190 children aged 30-60 months. Results: this more sophisticated testing mechanism challenges previously accepted developmental norms and suggests both sex and socio-economic status (and their interaction) influence categorisational abilities in pre-schoolers. Conclusion: the results indicate that preschool children’s ability to categorise varies markedly, with implications for their capacity to access formal education.
{"title":"Measuring categorisation in pre-school children: new toolkit, new insights","authors":"K. Owen, C. Barnes, Thomas Hunt, D. Sheffield","doi":"10.36311/jhgd.v33.14750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v33.14750","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: whilst recent years have witnessed considerable research into infant categorisation, its development during the pre-school period has garnered far less interest and innovation.\u0000Objective: this paper documents the development of a valid and reliable new toolkit for measuring categorisation in children, designed to allow fine-grained differentiation through four short tasks.\u0000Methods: the paper outlines how a pilot study with 55 children reduced confounding variables, ruled out several explanations for performance variations and enabled procedural refinements. It then documents a study conducted with 190 children aged 30-60 months.\u0000Results: this more sophisticated testing mechanism challenges previously accepted developmental norms and suggests both sex and socio-economic status (and their interaction) influence categorisational abilities in pre-schoolers.\u0000Conclusion: the results indicate that preschool children’s ability to categorise varies markedly, with implications for their capacity to access formal education.","PeriodicalId":35218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Growth and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47813630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：