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Speculations, fabulations, incantations: Science fiction, contemporary futurology and how to change the world 推测、虚构、咒语:科幻小说、当代未来学和如何改变世界
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00079_1
Julia Grillmayr
After giving a short insight into the ambivalent relationship between science fiction (SF) and futurology, this article sheds light on the current trend of what can be called science-fictional scenario writing, focusing on the publications of the Center for Science and the Imagination at the Arizona State University. The stories published in projects, such as Hieroglyph, the Climate Fiction short story contest Everything Change or the Tomorrow Project, are indistinguishable from conventional SF short stories. However, the frameworks of these projects share a certain futurological ambition. Also, they seek to enable the readers and writers of these stories to actively shape possible futures. In search for a label for this specific text form, Rebecca Wilbanks aptly coined the term ‘incantatory fictions’. This article explores the nature, the self-understanding und the practices of these speculations, fabulations and incantations by considering the metatexts of the afore-mentioned publications and by talking to people who work at the interface between SF and futurology.
在简要了解了科幻小说(SF)和未来学之间的矛盾关系后,本文以亚利桑那州立大学科学与想象中心的出版物为重点,揭示了所谓科幻场景写作的当前趋势。在Hieroglyph、气候小说短篇小说竞赛Everything Change或Tomorrow Project等项目中发表的故事与传统的SF短篇小说无法区分。然而,这些项目的框架具有一定的未来学野心。此外,他们试图让这些故事的读者和作者积极塑造可能的未来。为了寻找这种特定文本形式的标签,丽贝卡·威尔班克斯恰当地创造了“咒语小说”一词。本文通过考虑上述出版物的元文本,并通过与从事SF和未来学接口工作的人交谈,探讨了这些推测、虚构和咒语的性质、自我理解和实践。
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引用次数: 0
Gutter politics: Graphic novels in the age of Trump 肮脏的政治:特朗普时代的漫画小说
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00070_1
Oliver Gruner
This article explores the ways in which US graphic novels have responded to, narrated and politically framed the Trump presidency. Analysing a generically diverse range of texts from non-fiction to science fiction, I argue that comics artists were quick to mobilize the medium’s unique qualities in the service of ideological critique. The article offers a detailed account of how publications such as Sabrina (2018), The Hard Tomorrow (2019), LaGuardia (2019) and Welcome to the New World (2020) were developed, shaped and reshaped against the backdrop of Donald Trump’s election victory and presidential term. Through an assortment of formal and stylistic devices ‐ spatial and temporal jumps and juxtapositions afforded by panel arrangement, a weaving together of historical and contemporaneous iconography, the interplay of various textual cues and registers ‐ these graphic novels offered complex portrayals of the impact of Trump and ‘Trumpism’ on various individuals, groups and communities. In different ways, they evidence the medium’s ability to intervene in wider political discourse, construct challenging historical and speculative narratives and offer fresh, resonant engagements with pressing issues of the day.
本文探讨了美国平面小说对特朗普总统任期的回应、叙述和政治框架。通过分析从非小说到科幻小说的各种文本,我认为漫画艺术家很快就调动了媒介的独特品质,为意识形态批判服务。这篇文章详细描述了《萨布丽娜》(2018)、《艰难的明天》(2019)、《拉瓜迪亚》(2019年)和《欢迎来到新世界》(2020年)等出版物是如何在唐纳德·特朗普赢得大选和总统任期的背景下发展、塑造和重塑的。通过各种形式和风格的手段——面板排列提供的空间和时间跳跃以及并置,历史和同时代图像学的交织,各种文本线索和语域的相互作用——这些图形小说提供了特朗普和“特朗普主义”对各种个人、群体和社区影响的复杂描绘。它们以不同的方式证明了媒体有能力干预更广泛的政治话语,构建具有挑战性的历史和推测性叙事,并对当今的紧迫问题提供新的、有共鸣的参与。
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引用次数: 0
Swedish-American Borderlands: New Histories of Transatlantic Relations, Dag Blanck and Adam Hjorthén (eds) (2021) 《瑞典-美国边境:跨大西洋关系的新历史》,达格·布兰克和亚当·霍瑟姆(编辑)(2021)
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00073_5
R. Johnsen
Review of: Swedish-American Borderlands: New Histories of Transatlantic Relations, Dag Blanck and Adam Hjorthén (eds) (2021)Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 363 pp.,ISBN 978-1-51790-751-8, h/bk, $120ISBN 978-1-51790-858-4, p/bk, $30
评论:《瑞典-美国边境:跨大西洋关系的新历史》,Dag Blank和Adam Hjorthén(编辑)(2021),明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯:明尼苏达大学出版社,363页,ISBN 978-1-51790-751-8,h/bk,$120ISBN 978-1-51790-858-4,p/bk,$30
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引用次数: 1
Queering the South on Screen, Tison Pugh (ed.) (2020) 《银幕上的南方》,蒂森·皮尤(编著)(2020)
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00072_5
Sabrina Mittermeier
Review of: Queering the South on Screen, Tison Pugh (ed.) (2020)Athens: University of Georgia Press, 302 pp.,ISBN 9-780-82035-672-3, h/bk, $99.95ISBN 9-780-82035-672-3, p/bk, $34.95
评论:《在屏幕上寻找南方》,Tison Pugh(编辑)(2020)雅典:佐治亚大学出版社,302页,ISBN 9-780-82035-672-3,h/bk,$99.95 ISBN 9-780-82035-672-2,p/bk,$34.95
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引用次数: 0
Exit stage right: Neo-liberalism, cable news and the persistence of Trumpism 退出舞台右:新自由主义、有线电视新闻与特朗普主义的持续
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00067_1
Liane Tanguay
In the wake of the 2020 election, commentators noted that while Trump himself would eventually leave office, ‘Trumpism’ would likely remain. ‘Trumpism’, however, has not been clearly defined, beyond a vague reference to some blend of populism and nativism that pre-existed his presidential bid, coming eventually to coalesce around him as a cult figure and subsequently acquiring a name of its own. But it seems insufficient to reduce Trumpism to mere populism or even to the so-called ‘alt-right’. ‘Fascism’ has offered a tempting comparison in light of both Republican policies under the Trump administration and the White nationalist base whose support he never disavowed, but most specialists have stopped short of equating the two. This article examines Trumpism in the specific context of what I have previously called a ‘neoliberal mediascape’ structured by financialization and characterized by hypercommercialism and updates Walter Benjamin’s thesis on the ‘aestheticization of politics’ to accommodate a neo-liberal convergence of capital and technology that he himself could scarcely have imagined. Ultimately it defines ‘Trumpism’ in its historical specificity as a primarily affective disposition that is both a product of the neo-liberal mediascape and a phenomenon it has been singularly unable to contain.
2020年大选后,评论人士指出,虽然特朗普本人最终会离任,但“特朗普主义”可能会继续存在然而,“特朗普主义”并没有得到明确的定义,只是模糊地提到了民粹主义和本土主义的融合,这些融合在他竞选总统之前就已经存在,最终以邪教人物的身份团结在他周围,并随后获得了自己的名字。但这似乎不足以将特朗普主义简化为民粹主义,甚至所谓的“另类右翼”鉴于特朗普政府时期的共和党政策和他从未否认支持的白人民族主义基础,法西斯主义提供了一个诱人的比较,但大多数专家都没有将两者等同起来。这篇文章在我之前所说的以金融化为结构、以超商业主义为特征的“新自由主义媒体景观”的特定背景下审视了特朗普主义,并更新了沃尔特·本杰明关于“政治审美化”的论文,以适应他自己几乎无法想象的资本和技术的新自由主义融合。最终,它将“特朗普主义”定义为一种主要的情感倾向,它既是新自由主义媒体景观的产物,也是它无法遏制的现象。
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引用次数: 0
Nixon, Trump and Washington Behind Closed Doors: Fictionalizing Watergate and the prescience of the historical miniseries 尼克松、特朗普和关起门来的华盛顿:虚构的水门事件和历史迷你剧的先见之明
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00068_1
K. McNally
The development of the miniseries as a TV genre during the 1970s became central to American television’s dramatization of the nation’s history through stories that combined fact and fiction to relate the past to contemporary US culture. Rarely considered, however, is the ways in which increasing slippages between the screen and real-world events might work to presage the culture and politics of the future, illuminating historical connections that move beyond a television drama’s moment of production. This article explores the 1977 ABC miniseries Washington Behind Closed Doors, an adaptation of John Ehrlichman’s novel The Company and its fictional tale of a Nixon-like president, drawing on the author’s experiences as part of the Nixon administration. Emerging in the contexts of the historical miniseries and various screen depictions of Watergate, the show became part of a blurring of the boundaries between fiction and non-fiction in the re-telling of Richard Nixon’s doomed tenure as president. At the same time, the article contends, the explicit fictionalization of the nation’s recent political history in Washington Behind Closed Doors provides a space in which to read the show as a prescient imagining of the United States’ political future later realized in the presidency of Donald Trump.
20世纪70年代,迷你剧作为一种电视类型的发展,通过将事实和虚构相结合的故事,将过去与当代美国文化联系起来,成为美国电视剧对国家历史戏剧化的核心。然而,很少考虑的是,屏幕和现实世界事件之间越来越多的失误可能预示着未来的文化和政治,揭示了超越电视剧制作时刻的历史联系。本文探讨了1977年美国广播公司的迷你剧《闭门的华盛顿》,该剧改编自约翰·埃利希曼的小说《公司》及其虚构的尼克松式总统故事,借鉴了作者在尼克松政府时期的经历。该剧出现在历史迷你剧和水门事件的各种屏幕描述的背景下,在讲述理查德·尼克松注定失败的总统任期时,成为小说和非小说之间界限模糊的一部分。与此同时,文章认为,《华盛顿闭门》对美国最近政治史的明确虚构提供了一个空间,可以将该剧解读为对美国政治未来的先见之明的想象,后来在唐纳德·特朗普的总统任期内实现了这一想象。
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引用次数: 0
The new normal: Activist handmaids and cosplay choreographies in Trump’s America 新常态:在特朗普的美国,激进主义使女和角色扮演编舞
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00071_1
J. Atkins
Though in production before Trump’s election, streaming service Hulu’s serial adaption of The Handmaid’s Tale premiered to acclaim in April 2017. Audiences denoted parallels between ultra-conservative, fictional Gilead and the United States’ own political climate. In response to women’s issues in particular, international groups utilized the central Handmaid’s Tale image as their costume ‐ a crimson robe, a white ‘wing’ bonnet ‐ then occupied public spaces to protest silently. WIRED dubbed the garb the ‘Viral Protest Uniform of 2019’, while online lifestyle/culture magazine Quartz named it the ‘ultimate symbol of women’s rights’. The activists’ presence is critical to their work. Mirroring their fictional handmaid counterparts, cosplay activists employ a bowed head, a slow steady gait and equidistant spacing to evoke the harrowing restrictions Gilead’s women face ‐ what ideologically fervent aunts call Gilead’s ‘new normal’. Activists’ physicality generates a doubleness: as they perform submissiveness and literally fall into line, they also craft solidarity via resistance. Likewise, the fiction hints at revolution, which may be why, in the #MeToo and Time’s Up era, the emancipatory potential of cosplay choreographies steeped in popular culture offer their own ‘new normal’, disrupting patriarchal paradigms modelled by the Trump administration while offering feminist fan activism as strategies that promote creative, inclusive political action.
尽管是在特朗普当选之前制作的,但流媒体服务Hulu的《使女的故事》系列改编版在2017年4月首播时就获得了好评。观众指出了极端保守、虚构的吉利德与美国自身的政治气候之间的相似之处。作为对妇女问题的回应,国际组织利用《使女的故事》的中心形象作为他们的服装——一件深红色的长袍,一顶白色的“翅膀”帽——然后占领公共场所,默默地抗议。《连线》杂志将这件衣服称为“2019年病毒式抗议制服”,而在线生活方式/文化杂志Quartz则将其称为“女权的终极象征”。活动人士的存在对他们的工作至关重要。与他们虚构的女仆同行一样,cosplay活动人士采用低着头、缓慢稳定的步态和等距间隔的方式来唤起吉利德女性面临的悲惨限制——意识形态狂热的阿姨们称之为吉利德的“新常态”。积极分子的身体产生了一种双重性:当他们表现出顺从和字面上的排队时,他们也通过抵抗来制造团结。同样,小说暗示了革命,这可能就是为什么,在#MeToo和Time ' s Up时代,沉浸在流行文化中的角色扮演编舞的解放潜力提供了自己的“新常态”,打破了特朗普政府塑造的父权范式,同时为女权主义粉丝行动主义提供了促进创造性、包容性政治行动的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Sounds like money? Stock music, television and Donald Trump 听起来像钱?股票音乐,电视和唐纳德·特朗普
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00069_1
Toby Huelin, J. Durand
Library music (also known as ‘stock’ or ‘production’ music) plays an important role in the depiction of Donald Trump in media productions, be it to cast him as a bold political hero, a glamorous millionaire, an authoritarian ruler or a clownish character. The various facets of Trump’s public brand are reflected in library music catalogues: tracks tagged with the keyword ‘Trump’ highlight, for example, his notoriety as business tycoon and host of reality show The Apprentice, or his candidacy and mandate as the 45th US president. In this article, we draw together original qualitative library music data with a close reading of specific television case studies to examine two main research areas. Firstly, how is Trump represented in library music catalogues, and what does this reveal about popular perceptions of him? Secondly, which library music tracks are used in media content about Trump? Where are the ‘Trump’-tagged tracks used in television, and what other kinds of library music are used in series about this president? This article explores the musical strategies which were deployed to depict Trump’s mandate and its political upheavals, and, more broadly, reappraises library music as a vital ‐ yet underexplored ‐ element in the construction of audio-visual meaning.
图书馆音乐(也被称为“库存”或“制作”音乐)在媒体作品中对唐纳德·特朗普的描绘中发挥着重要作用,无论是将他塑造成一个大胆的政治英雄,一个迷人的百万富翁,一个专制统治者还是一个小丑角色。特朗普公众品牌的各个方面都反映在图书馆的音乐目录中:例如,以“特朗普”为关键词的歌曲,他作为商业大亨和真人秀节目《学徒》(The Apprentice)主持人的恶名,或者他作为美国第45任总统的候选人和授权。在本文中,我们将原始的定性图书馆音乐数据与具体电视案例研究的仔细阅读结合在一起,以检查两个主要研究领域。首先,特朗普在图书馆音乐目录中是如何呈现的,这揭示了公众对他的什么看法?其次,关于特朗普的媒体内容中使用了哪些图书馆音乐曲目?电视中使用的“特朗普”标签曲目在哪里?关于这位总统的系列节目中还使用了哪些图书馆音乐?本文探讨了用于描述特朗普的任务及其政治动荡的音乐策略,并且,更广泛地说,重新评估图书馆音乐作为视听意义构建中至关重要但未被充分探索的元素。
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引用次数: 0
Donald Trump, the presidency and the media 唐纳德·特朗普、总统和媒体
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00066_2
K. McNally
This introduction by the editor to the Special Issue on ‘Donald Trump, the Presidency and the Media’ outlines the issue’s theme and articles on the topics of the relationship between Trumpism and a ‘neo-liberal mediascape’, ABC’s 1977 historical miniseries Washington Behind Closed Doors as a prescient warning of the Trump presidency, the representation of Trump in the cataloguing and use of stock music, graphic novels’ depiction of Trump through form and style and cosplay activism drawing on Hulu’s The Handmaid’s Tale as a feminist response to the Trump presidency.
《唐纳德·特朗普、总统和媒体》特刊编辑的这篇介绍概述了特刊的主题和关于特朗普主义与“新自由主义媒体景观”之间关系的文章,美国广播公司1977年的历史迷你剧《闭门的华盛顿》是对特朗普总统任期的先见之明警告,特朗普在库存音乐的编目和使用中的表现,平面小说通过形式和风格对特朗普的描绘,以及利用Hulu的《使女的故事》作为对特朗普总统任期的女权主义回应的角色扮演激进主义。
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引用次数: 0
Contingent Figure: Chronic Pain and Queer Embodiment, M. D. Snediker (2021) 偶然性图:慢性疼痛和酷儿化身,m.d. Snediker (2021)
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1386/ejac_00074_5
Benedict Welch
Review of: Contingent Figure: Chronic Pain and Queer Embodiment, M. D. Snediker (2021)Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 259 pp.,ISBN 978-0-81669-190-6, p/bk, $27.00
回顾:偶然的数字:慢性疼痛和酷尔体现,m.d. Snediker(2021)明尼阿波利斯,明尼苏达州:明尼苏达大学出版社,259页,ISBN 978-0-81669-190-6, p/bk, $27.00
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引用次数: 0
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European Journal of American Culture
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