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Becoming an LGBTQ+ storyteller: Collecting and using data on gender, sex, and sexual orientation 成为一名LGBTQ+故事讲述者:收集和使用关于性别、性和性取向的数据
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20518
D. Felt, Esrea Pérez-Bill, Megan M. Ruprecht, Michael Petillo, L. Beach, Erik Elías Glenn, Gregory Phillips
LGBTQ+ stories and histories have long been silenced as part of deliberate work by those in power to erase our identities and experiences. As evaluators, we contribute to the process of either silencing or uplifting LGBTQ+ stories. This aspect of our work begs a number of vital questions that each of us must reckon with when we approach an evaluation: What data are necessary to allow us to tell a story? What story will we tell with the data we have collected? And, most importantly, who does the telling of certain stories benefit, who might it harm, and what is our responsibility as evaluators to protect peoples’ stories? Proceeding from these questions, this chapter has three distinct parts. In Part One, we establish a common language. By integrating perspectives from the social sciences and LGBTQ+ community scholarship, we provide an overview of the complex and contextually specific nature of sex, sexual orientation, and gender, and discuss the implications of these complexities on how we approach collecting LGBTQ+ data. In Part Two, we consider the power of the stories we tell to impact the lives of LGBTQ+ people, and the frameworks, theories, and ethical imperatives which may help us to contribute to a narrative of LGBTQ+ liberation through our work. Finally, in Part Three, we offer an example tool for readers to use as they consider how they would approach this work in their own practices.
LGBTQ+的故事和历史长期以来一直被沉默,这是当权者蓄意抹杀我们身份和经历的一部分。作为评估者,我们为LGBTQ+故事的沉默或提升做出了贡献。我们工作的这一方面引出了一些至关重要的问题,我们每个人在进行评估时都必须考虑到这些问题:我们需要哪些数据来讲述一个故事?我们将用收集到的数据讲述什么故事?最重要的是,讲述某些故事对谁有益,对谁有害,作为评估者,我们有什么责任保护人们的故事?从这些问题出发,本章分为三个不同的部分。在第一部分中,我们建立了一种通用语言。通过整合社会科学和LGBTQ+社区学术的观点,我们概述了性、性取向和性别的复杂性和背景特殊性,并讨论了这些复杂性对我们如何收集LGBTQ+数据的影响。在第二部分中,我们将考虑我们讲述的故事对LGBTQ+人群生活的影响,以及我们通过工作为LGBTQ+解放的叙事做出贡献的框架、理论和道德要求。最后,在第三部分中,我们提供了一个示例工具,供读者在考虑如何在自己的实践中处理这项工作时使用。
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引用次数: 1
Perspectives from LGBTQ+ serving CBO leaders on equitable community‐academic partnerships in evaluation LGBTQ+在职CBO领导人对评估中公平的社区-学术伙伴关系的看法
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20516
LaSaia Wade, Stephanie Skora, Erik Elías Glenn
In the United States, human service, public health, and healthcare organizations are dedicated to improving health equity among our society's most vulnerable. A wealth of literature highlights the importance of targeting root causes of inequity, however, intervention‐based attempts to improve health outcomes and reduce disparities have varied in their success. Too frequently, public health interventions fail to center community priorities and challenge oppressive regimes. At the same time, calls grow to pilot and evaluate new systems of care and service to replace antiquated, patchwork systems that depend on power imbalances and resource hoarding. The authors of this article, as current and recent leaders of Black‐led, LGBTQ+ organizations, engage in a conversation, in which we reflect on the power dynamics and pitfalls associated with community‐academic partnerships. Through our dialogue, we invite readers to internalize our testimony and re‐envision the role of the evaluator as a champion of liberation. Only through disrupting the status quo can evaluation hope to stand in community with “priority populations” and join the fight to achieve health equity. As members of the communities we serve, we transgress traditional means of how power and stature are allocated by being present in this special issue. We speak bluntly to honor our truth and inform evaluators in the process of fostering partnerships.
在美国,人类服务、公共卫生和医疗保健组织致力于改善社会最弱势群体的健康公平。大量文献强调了针对不平等根源的重要性,然而,基于干预的改善健康结果和减少差异的尝试在成功方面各不相同。公共卫生干预措施往往未能以社区优先事项为中心,并挑战压迫性政权。与此同时,越来越多的人呼吁试点和评估新的护理和服务系统,以取代依赖权力失衡和资源囤积的陈旧、拼凑的系统。这篇文章的作者,作为黑人领导的LGBTQ+组织的现任和近期领导人,参与了一场对话,我们在对话中反思了与社区-学术伙伴关系相关的权力动态和陷阱。通过我们的对话,我们邀请读者内化我们的证词,并重新设想评估者作为解放斗士的角色。只有打破现状,评估才能希望与“优先人群”站在一起,加入实现健康公平的斗争。作为我们所服务的社区的成员,我们出现在这期特刊中,违反了权力和地位分配的传统方式。我们直言不讳是为了尊重我们的真相,并在培养伙伴关系的过程中告知评估人员。
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引用次数: 0
Identity as a compass when navigating uncharted equitable spaces: Our queer evaluation practices 在未知的公平空间中航行时作为指南针的身份:我们奇怪的评估实践
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20514
Andrew Hartman, Brian Hoessler, Vincent Tom, C. Camman
Alternative approaches within evaluation increasingly allow space for evaluators to bring themselves to their work. As queers, we are gifted‐partially as a necessity for our survival‐with deeper understandings of and navigational capacities to work within complexity. Furthermore, existing as queer empowers us to think and operate outside what is the norm, known, familiar and comfortable, and thus enables us to challenge normative systems for purposes of social change. Our chapter offers situated insight into what queer evaluation practices look like and empowers us to practice bringing ourselves into different contexts, including uncharted spaces. We illustrate principles of queer evaluation through cases of our unique identities, contexts, landscapes, and evaluation experiences, within a process that is iterative, dialogic, and relational. We argue that the exploration of ourselves is critical as evaluators and invite readers to wander alongside us while actively searching their identities. Rather than hiding these biases and perspectives, we believe in the importance of knowing oneself and our connections to the histories of those who came before, which serve as our guides. Only from this point can we begin to unravel the unknown into the known and transform the inequitable into the equitable that has yet to exist. We argue that by embracing our identities we are better able to navigate the complexities that exist in our work and deepen our understanding of the contexts around us.
评价中的替代方法越来越多地为评价人员提供了投入工作的空间。作为酷儿,我们的天赋——部分是我们生存的必需品——对复杂性有着更深刻的理解和驾驭能力。此外,以酷儿的身份存在使我们能够在已知、熟悉和舒适的规范之外思考和操作,从而使我们能够为社会变革的目的挑战规范体系。我们的章节提供了对酷儿评价实践的情境洞察,并使我们能够练习将自己带入不同的环境,包括未知的空间。在一个迭代、对话和关系的过程中,我们通过我们独特的身份、背景、风景和评价经历的案例来说明酷儿评价的原则。我们认为,作为评估者,对自己的探索至关重要,并邀请读者与我们一起漫步,同时积极寻找他们的身份。我们没有隐藏这些偏见和观点,而是相信了解自己的重要性,以及我们与前人历史的联系,这些历史是我们的指南。只有从这一点上,我们才能开始将未知分解为已知,并将不公平转化为尚未存在的公平。我们认为,通过拥抱我们的身份,我们能够更好地驾驭工作中存在的复杂性,并加深我们对周围环境的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the inclusivity of the national CLAS standards enhancement initiative of bisexual identities 评估双性恋身份的国家CLAS标准增强计划的包容性
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20515
C. Pavão, K. McLeroy, Y. Lincoln, J. Burdine, E. Wright
This chapter reports on the evaluation of state and local level National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care (aka CLAS Standards), specifically those standards addressing the health needs of sexual minority individuals, with an emphasis on the inclusion of bisexual+ communities and the implications of bisexual+ (non)inclusion in CLAS standards. At the state and local levels, bisexual identity is rarely recognized as distinct from other sexual identities. This lack of representation raises an essential issue of how local communities, states, and the federal government struggle with sexual minority data classification and prioritizing health benchmarks for sexual minority populations and subpopulations. We also found that the CLAS cultural competency policy definition at the federal level lacks an appropriate degree of bi‐inclusivity. The findings from this study reveal that the five states in our sample implemented CLAS Standards in ways that demonstrated bi‐erasure. Specifically, states defined gender and sexual minorities through exclusionary categories that place emphasis on the “Other”. LGBTQ+ evaluators can rely on the Principles of LGBTQ+ Evaluation to create strategies that demonstrate how to effectively address the intersecting ramifications of bi‐erasure at the policy level.
本章报告了对州和地方一级国家卫生保健文化和语言适当服务标准(即CLAS标准)的评估,特别是那些解决性少数群体个人健康需求的标准,重点是纳入双性恋+社区以及双性恋+(不)纳入CLAS标准的影响。在州和地方层面,双性恋身份很少被认为与其他性别身份不同。这种代表性的缺乏提出了一个重要问题,即地方社区、州和联邦政府如何努力对性少数群体的数据进行分类,并优先考虑性少数群体和亚群体的健康基准。我们还发现,联邦层面的CLAS文化能力政策定义缺乏适当程度的双包容性。本研究的结果表明,我们样本中的五个州以双擦除的方式实施了CLAS标准。具体来说,各州通过强调“他者”的排他性分类来定义性别和性少数群体。LGBTQ+评估者可以依靠《LGBTQ+评估原则》来制定策略,展示如何在政策层面有效地解决双性恋消除的交叉后果。
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引用次数: 0
Principles of LGBTQ+ Evaluation LGBTQ+评估原则
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20519
Gregory Phillips, D. Felt, Esrea Pérez-Bill, Megan M. Ruprecht, Erik Elías Glenn
The time is long overdue for the field of evaluation to critically reckon with how we have failed to appropriately consider the needs and experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ+) people. Perhaps even more importantly, there is a dire need for work that moves us forward in new directions which are more affirming and inclusive of LGBTQ+ people. To achieve this idealistic change in LGBTQ+ Evaluation will require a genuine, transformative paradigm shift within the evaluation field, encompassing everything from pedagogy to practice and all activities in between. As a first step toward a unified paradigm of LGBTQ+ Evaluation, this chapter proposes eight Principles of LGBTQ+ Evaluation to guide evaluators’ work in partnership with and in service of LGBTQ+ communities, organizations, and individuals. Here we are not seeking to provide a script or a rigid framework but rather to create guiding signposts that light the way for evaluators new to LGBTQ+ Evaluation.
早就该让评估领域批判性地思考我们如何未能适当考虑女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者、酷儿和其他性少数群体和性别少数群体(LGBTQ+)的需求和经历了。也许更重要的是,迫切需要推动我们朝着更肯定和包容LGBTQ+人群的新方向前进。要在LGBTQ+评估中实现这一理想主义变革,需要在评估领域进行真正的变革性范式转变,包括从教育学到实践以及其间的所有活动。作为建立LGBTQ+评估统一范式的第一步,本章提出了LGBTQ+Evaluation的八项原则,以指导评估人员与LGBTQ++社区、组织和个人合作并为其服务。在这里,我们并不寻求提供一个脚本或一个刚性的框架,而是为LGBTQ+评估的新手创建指导路标。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation policy and organizational evaluation capacity building: A study of international aid agency evaluation policies 评价政策和组织评价能力建设:国际援助机构评价政策研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20494
Hind Al Hudib, J. Cousins
Research and theory on evaluation capacity building (ECB) and organizational evaluation capacity have been developing at a good pace over the past decade. On the other hand, there is a paucity of research on the nature and consequences of organizational evaluation policy. Evaluation policies are developed and implemented ultimately to inform and shape evaluation practice and its consequences. It is therefore natural to consider the interface between evaluation policy and ECB. The present exploratory descriptive study examines 52 evaluation policies from bilateral and multilateral aid agencies to explore connections between evaluation policy content and ECB principles and considerations. The results shed light on some interesting relationships; they are discussed in terms of evaluation use, evaluation purposes, and organizational leadership. The study also resulted in a revision of Trochim's (2009) definition of evaluation policy and a refinement and expansion of his eight‐category taxonomy. Implications for ongoing inquiry are considered and practical implications are offered to organization members and evaluation policy developers.
在过去的十年里,关于评估能力建设和组织评估能力的研究和理论取得了良好的发展。另一方面,对组织评价政策的性质和后果的研究很少。制定和实施评价政策的最终目的是为评价实践及其后果提供信息并形成影响。因此,考虑评估政策和欧洲央行之间的接口是很自然的。本探索性描述性研究考察了双边和多边援助机构的52项评估政策,以探讨评估政策内容与欧洲央行原则和考虑因素之间的联系。研究结果揭示了一些有趣的关系;从评估用途、评估目的和组织领导等方面对其进行了讨论。该研究还修订了Trochim(2009)对评估政策的定义,并完善和扩展了他的八类分类法。考虑了对正在进行的调查的影响,并向组织成员和评估政策制定者提供了实际影响。
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引用次数: 3
Large-scale evaluation efforts and their implications for the field. 大规模评估工作及其对该领域的影响。
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20503
Tarek Azzam

The BUILD initiative is part of the Diversity Program Consortium, which the National Institutes of Health funded to increase diversity in biomedical research. This chapter aims to identify implications for the field from the multisite evaluation of BUILD initiative programs by reviewing the work undertaken by the authors of the other chapters in this issue. Given the complexities involved in multisite evaluations, innovative approaches and methods were used to balance the needs of each site with the overall objectives of the broader initiative. These approaches included a flexible orientation to the evaluation, mixed-methods designs that prioritized understanding the context before measuring it, and innovative analytic techniques (e.g., meta-analysis) to recognize the uniqueness of each site while providing insights about their cumulative impact. The BUILD initiative evaluation also offered many other valuable lessons about engaging stakeholders, focusing on use, and responding to changing priorities over time.

BUILD计划是多样性计划联盟的一部分,该联盟由美国国立卫生研究院资助,旨在增加生物医学研究的多样性。本章旨在通过回顾本期其他章节的作者所做的工作,从BUILD计划的多站点评估中确定该领域的含义。鉴于多场址评价所涉及的复杂性,采用了创新的办法和方法来平衡每个场址的需要和更广泛倡议的总目标。这些方法包括灵活的评估方向,在测量之前优先理解环境的混合方法设计,以及创新的分析技术(如荟萃分析),以识别每个站点的独特性,同时提供对其累积影响的见解。BUILD计划评估还提供了许多其他有价值的经验教训,包括吸引利益相关者、关注使用,以及随时间变化对优先级的响应。
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引用次数: 0
Learning agendas: Motivation, engagement, and potential 学习议程:动机、参与和潜力
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20495
K. Newcomer, K. Olejniczak, Nicholas R. Hart
In 2017, the U.S. Commission on Evidence‐Based Policymaking recommended that federal agencies produce strategic plans focused on research and evaluation, referred to as learning agendas. This requirement was later incorporated into the Foundations for Evidence‐Based Policymaking Act of 2018 (Evidence Act) for the 24 largest federal agencies. Prior to the Evidence Act, only a few federal agencies had experimented with learning agendas, a relatively new concept in the evaluation literature. Learning agendas hold potential for supporting organizational strategic planning that focuses on the generation of relevant knowledge for decision‐makers, organizational leaders, and stakeholders. An inclusively‐ and strategically‐developed learning agenda provides a list of important questions as well as plans for addressing the questions, balancing the interests, informational needs, and time horizons for different organizational decision‐makers. We draw upon the policy design and the evaluation capacity building literature, our analysis of existing learning agendas, and interviews with federal evaluation leaders who guided their development to describe how the process of developing a learning agenda can support intentional learning and impactful evaluation practice within public agencies. Our work should contribute to the development of both theory and practice regarding the implementation of the new expectation to produce learning agendas in federal agencies that contribute to the increased use of evaluation and evidence in policymaking.
2017年,美国循证政策制定委员会建议联邦机构制定以研究和评估为重点的战略计划,即学习议程。这一要求后来被纳入24个最大的联邦机构的《2018年循证决策基础法案》(简称《循证法案》)。在《证据法》之前,只有少数联邦机构尝试过学习议程,这是评估文献中一个相对较新的概念。学习议程具有支持组织战略规划的潜力,其重点是为决策者、组织领导者和利益相关者提供相关知识。一个包容性和战略性发展的学习议程提供了一个重要问题的列表,以及解决问题的计划,平衡不同组织决策者的利益,信息需求和时间范围。我们利用政策设计和评估能力建设文献,对现有学习议程的分析,以及对指导其发展的联邦评估领导者的访谈,来描述制定学习议程的过程如何支持公共机构内的有意学习和有效评估实践。我们的工作应该有助于理论和实践的发展,以实现新的期望,在联邦机构中制定学习议程,有助于在政策制定中更多地使用评估和证据。
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引用次数: 1
Describing engagement practices for the Enhance Diversity Study using principles of Tailored Panel Management. 运用“量身定制的小组管理”原则描述“增强多样性研究”的审计业务实践。
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20500
Karina D Ramirez, Cynthia J Joseph, Hansook Oh
The purpose of this chapter is to examine engagement strategies used in a large, multisite evaluation study through the lens of Estrada, Woodcock, and Schultz's (2014) tailored panel management. The evaluation, called the Enhance Diversity Study (EDS), is part of an effort funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to increase diversity in NIH‐funded research. The chapter discusses engagement with a large national cohort of student participants and outlines survey administration complexities, tailored engagement approaches, and annual survey response trends. It shows how the EDS expanded Estrada and colleagues’ concepts of credibility by integrating branding strategies that permeated all aspects of the study. The resulting practices, as modified over time, extend knowledge of how to increase survey response rates across a multisite, multiprogram, longitudinal evaluation. As data collection continues, subsequent analysis may provide more clarity on the impact of these strategies on retention. Future researchers should explore the impacts of incorporating fully developed branding strategies to enhance study commitment and cohort retention. While past research has guided surveys through phone, mail, and multimodal distribution, more research is needed to understand how to engage participants and retain them in an increasingly competitive and digital world.
本章的目的是通过Estrada、Woodcock和Schultz(2014)量身定制的小组管理来检查大型多站点评估研究中使用的敬业策略。这项评估被称为增强多样性研究(EDS),是由美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)资助的一项努力的一部分,目的是增加NIH资助研究的多样性。本章讨论了与大量全国学生参与者的接触,并概述了调查管理的复杂性、量身定制的接触方法和年度调查响应趋势。它展示了EDS如何通过整合渗透到研究各个方面的品牌策略来扩展Estrada及其同事的可信度概念。由此产生的实践,随着时间的推移,扩展了如何在多地点、多项目、纵向评估中提高调查回复率的知识。随着数据收集的继续,后续的分析可能会更清楚地说明这些策略对留存率的影响。未来的研究人员应该探索整合充分发展的品牌策略对提高研究承诺和队列保留的影响。虽然过去的研究指导了通过电话、邮件和多模式分发的调查,但需要更多的研究来了解如何在竞争日益激烈的数字世界中吸引参与者并留住他们。
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引用次数: 0
Putting it all together: The case of the U.S. Department of Labor's evidence‐building strategy 综上所述:美国劳工部的证据构建策略案例
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/ev.20489
M. Irwin, D. Nightingale
This chapter describes how and why the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) structured and implemented a comprehensive evidence‐building strategy in the years ahead of the federal legislation that now requires many of the same key components. In 2010, the Chief Evaluation Office was established in DOL at the departmental level to coordinate evaluation strategy and evidence building and to promote an organization‐wide culture of learning. This represented a new approach intended to elevate the priority on evidence, improve the scope and quality of evaluations and research, and expand the use of evidence. The DOL strategy included formalizing a departmental evaluation policy statement around key principles that govern high‐quality evaluations, developing a learning agenda process to strategically plan for evaluations and evidence‐building activities, and creating an evidence‐based clearinghouse to synthesize and share the results of rigorous evaluations. While each department is unique, DOL's experience highlights functions that were prioritized as well as challenges and limitations that had to be addressed in one department.
本章描述了美国劳工部(DOL)如何以及为什么在联邦立法之前的几年里构建和实施了一个全面的证据构建战略,现在需要许多相同的关键组成部分。2010年,教育部在部级设立了首席评估办公室,以协调评估战略和证据建设,并促进全组织的学习文化。这代表了一种新的方法,旨在提高证据的优先地位,改善评价和研究的范围和质量,扩大证据的使用。DOL战略包括围绕管理高质量评估的关键原则正式制定部门评估政策声明,制定学习议程过程,对评估和证据构建活动进行战略规划,并创建基于证据的信息交换中心,以综合和分享严格评估的结果。虽然每个部门都是独特的,但DOL的经验强调了优先考虑的功能以及必须在一个部门解决的挑战和限制。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
New Directions for Evaluation
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