Abstract A piston smoking machine is described in which the smoke is precipitated by coagulation in a capillary. The apparatus maintains a constant puff volume, can be adapted to any smoking condition, and is suitable for the successive smoking of a great number of cigarettes.
{"title":"The Capillary Press, a Smoking Machine for the Collection of Native Smoke Condensate: 1st Report / Die Kapillarpresse, eine Rauchmaschine zur Gewinnung von nativem Rauchkondensat: 1. Mitteilung","authors":"F. Seehofer, D. Hanssen","doi":"10.2478/CTTR-2013-0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/CTTR-2013-0083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A piston smoking machine is described in which the smoke is precipitated by coagulation in a capillary. The apparatus maintains a constant puff volume, can be adapted to any smoking condition, and is suitable for the successive smoking of a great number of cigarettes.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88527923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The influence of air permeability of cigarette paper on the yield of condensate and on its composition was examined. Total particulate matter and nicotine in the smoke decrease with increasing permeability of the paper. The decrease results from the smaller quantity of tobacco burnt in the mainstream. Higher combustion cannot be obtained by paper of greater permeability. The content of condensate of 3,4-benzopyrene is constant. Total particulate matter and nicotine in the smoke - measured in per cent of the tobacco smoked in the mainstream - are also constant.
{"title":"The Influence of Air Permeability of Cigarette Paper on the Yield of Condensate and its Composition / Einfluss der Luftdurchlässigkeit von Cigarettenpapier auf die Ausbeute und Zusammensetzung des Rauches","authors":"K. Müller, G. Neurath, H. Horstmann","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0080","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The influence of air permeability of cigarette paper on the yield of condensate and on its composition was examined. Total particulate matter and nicotine in the smoke decrease with increasing permeability of the paper. The decrease results from the smaller quantity of tobacco burnt in the mainstream. Higher combustion cannot be obtained by paper of greater permeability. The content of condensate of 3,4-benzopyrene is constant. Total particulate matter and nicotine in the smoke - measured in per cent of the tobacco smoked in the mainstream - are also constant.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89117620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract An analytical procedure for examining the components of the gas phase of each puff of a cigarette is described. The compounds in question have to be quantitatively detectable by gas chromatography. The relative acetaldehyde retention of four different cigarette filters is determined
{"title":"The Effect of Cigarette Filters on the Gas Phase Components. Examination of the Smoke Yields of each Puff of a Cigarette / Die Wirkung von Cigarettenfiltern auf die Bestandteile der Dampfphase: Untersuchungen des Rauches von verschiedenen aufeinanderfolgenden Zügen einer Cigarette","authors":"J. Williamson, D.R. Allman","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An analytical procedure for examining the components of the gas phase of each puff of a cigarette is described. The compounds in question have to be quantitatively detectable by gas chromatography. The relative acetaldehyde retention of four different cigarette filters is determined","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76321542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The present paper deals with a nomograph by which rapid calculations can be made for the determination of the different parameters used for the characterization of cigarette populations
{"title":"A Nomograph for the Calculation of Cigarette Weight Scattering / Nomogramm für die Berechnung der Streuung von Cigarettengewichten","authors":"J. Flesselles","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0077","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper deals with a nomograph by which rapid calculations can be made for the determination of the different parameters used for the characterization of cigarette populations","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89498282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This compilation of 93 aromatic hydrocarbons present in tobacco smoke refers to 117 references spread over the relevant literature
摘要本文整理了烟草烟雾中存在的93种芳烃，参考文献117篇
{"title":"Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Tobacco Smoke / Aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe im Tabakrauch","authors":"H. Elmenhorst, G. Reckzeh","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0072","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This compilation of 93 aromatic hydrocarbons present in tobacco smoke refers to 117 references spread over the relevant literature","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87055472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper reviews 1.the plant phenols occurring in tobacco leaves, and 2.the phenols of tobacco smoke. These constituents are summarized in 2 tables. The leaf contains mainly quinic acid esters of hydroxy-cinnamic acids (chlorogenic acids), flavonol-glycosides, and hydroxy-coumarins. Main constituents are chlorogenic acid and rutin. Tobacco smoke does not contain these compounds, but a number of simpler phenols and phenol ethers, and phenolic acids. Besides this paper describes the transformation of plant phenols by the curing of tobacco, such as the formation of brown complex products from chlorogenic acid and rutin. Furthermore, the biosynthesis of plant phenols, their importance for the quality of tobacco, their phytopathological importance, and the effect of phenols occurring in tobacco leaves and tobacco smoke on the human organism are shortly reviewed
{"title":"Phenols in Tobacco Leaves and Tobacco Smoke / Über die phenolischen Inhaltsstoffe des Tabaks und des Tabakrauches","authors":"K. Herrmann","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper reviews 1.the plant phenols occurring in tobacco leaves, and 2.the phenols of tobacco smoke. These constituents are summarized in 2 tables. The leaf contains mainly quinic acid esters of hydroxy-cinnamic acids (chlorogenic acids), flavonol-glycosides, and hydroxy-coumarins. Main constituents are chlorogenic acid and rutin. Tobacco smoke does not contain these compounds, but a number of simpler phenols and phenol ethers, and phenolic acids. Besides this paper describes the transformation of plant phenols by the curing of tobacco, such as the formation of brown complex products from chlorogenic acid and rutin. Furthermore, the biosynthesis of plant phenols, their importance for the quality of tobacco, their phytopathological importance, and the effect of phenols occurring in tobacco leaves and tobacco smoke on the human organism are shortly reviewed","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79842868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract 1. Air permeability 1.1 Porosity 1.2 Perforation 2. Coefficient o fair permability oft he paper 3. Degree of ventilation of cigarettes
抽象的1。透气性1.1孔隙度1.2射孔纸张的公平渗透系数3。香烟的通风程度
{"title":"Resolutions of the 5th tobacco colloquium 1963 regarding the nomenclature of air permeability of cigarette paper and related terms - Beschlüsse des 5. Tabak-Kolloquiums 1963 zur Nomenklatur der Luftdurchlässigkeit von Cigarettenpapier und verwandter Begriffe","authors":"G. Lipp","doi":"10.2478/CTTR-2013-0257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/CTTR-2013-0257","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract 1. Air permeability 1.1 Porosity 1.2 Perforation 2. Coefficient o fair permability oft he paper 3. Degree of ventilation of cigarettes","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72408235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Die Notwendigkeit der Gewichtskontrolle von Cigaretten ist in Fachkreisen bekannt. Die Hilfsmittel, mit denen solche Gewichtskontrollen durchgeführt werden, reichen von der Briefwaage bis zur schnell laufenden automatischen Waage mit selbständiger Registrierung der Ergebnisse. Mit der nachstehend beschriebenen Waage laesst sich die Gewichtsverteilung von Cigaretten schnell und einfach bestimmen. Die Waegegeschwindigkeit beträgt 420 Cigaretten pro Stunde.
{"title":"Description of a Scale for the Selection of Cigarettes and for the Determination of Weight Proportions / Beschreibung einer Waage zur Selektion von Cigaretten und zur Bestimmung der Gewichtsverteilung","authors":"H. Lorenz, F. Seehofer","doi":"10.2478/CTTR-2013-0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/CTTR-2013-0068","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Die Notwendigkeit der Gewichtskontrolle von Cigaretten ist in Fachkreisen bekannt. Die Hilfsmittel, mit denen solche Gewichtskontrollen durchgeführt werden, reichen von der Briefwaage bis zur schnell laufenden automatischen Waage mit selbständiger Registrierung der Ergebnisse. Mit der nachstehend beschriebenen Waage laesst sich die Gewichtsverteilung von Cigaretten schnell und einfach bestimmen. Die Waegegeschwindigkeit beträgt 420 Cigaretten pro Stunde.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74993933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The author reviews known apparatusses and procedures for the detection of irregularities in the firmness of cigarettes and for the determination of the filling capacity of tobacco rag, and indicates results of the respective methods. Results obtained by different authors concerning the filling capacity of tobacco leaves are summarized. The following important conditions of measuring the filling capacity of cigarette tobacco are not yet fully satisfied: a)a method by which numerical and reproducible values can be obtained concerning the firmness of cigarettes. The sensibility of the method should be superior to the sense of touch of an experienced examiner, b)the possibility of producing cigarettes from small tobacco samples the qualities of which do not differ from those of mass produced cigarettes
{"title":"Measurement of Mechanical Properties of Tobacco and Cigarettes / Zur Messung mechanischer Eigenschaften von Tabak und Cigaretten","authors":"H. Lorenz, F. Seehofer","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0066","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The author reviews known apparatusses and procedures for the detection of irregularities in the firmness of cigarettes and for the determination of the filling capacity of tobacco rag, and indicates results of the respective methods. Results obtained by different authors concerning the filling capacity of tobacco leaves are summarized. The following important conditions of measuring the filling capacity of cigarette tobacco are not yet fully satisfied: a)a method by which numerical and reproducible values can be obtained concerning the firmness of cigarettes. The sensibility of the method should be superior to the sense of touch of an experienced examiner, b)the possibility of producing cigarettes from small tobacco samples the qualities of which do not differ from those of mass produced cigarettes","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84337164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A device for the simultaneous determination of main and sidestream smoke in two channels of a Cigarette Components smoking machine is described. It is used to show the whereabout of nicotine of a plain Blend cigarette. Benzopyrene and total phenols of main and sidestream smoke were determined. 10.5 % of the cigarette's total nicotine content were found in the mainstream smoke and 28.2 % in the sidestream smoke. The mainstream smoke contained 1.19 ppm and the sidestream smoke 2.51 ppm benzopyrene, both referred to dry condensate. The total phenol content of the mainstream smoke amounted to 228 µg/cig and that one of the sidestream smoke to 603 µg/cig.
{"title":"An Apparatus for the Determination of Sidestream Smoke / Apparatur zur Untersuchung des Nebenstromrauches","authors":"G. Neurath, H. Ehmke","doi":"10.2478/CTTR-2013-0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/CTTR-2013-0064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A device for the simultaneous determination of main and sidestream smoke in two channels of a Cigarette Components smoking machine is described. It is used to show the whereabout of nicotine of a plain Blend cigarette. Benzopyrene and total phenols of main and sidestream smoke were determined. 10.5 % of the cigarette's total nicotine content were found in the mainstream smoke and 28.2 % in the sidestream smoke. The mainstream smoke contained 1.19 ppm and the sidestream smoke 2.51 ppm benzopyrene, both referred to dry condensate. The total phenol content of the mainstream smoke amounted to 228 µg/cig and that one of the sidestream smoke to 603 µg/cig.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78268303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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