Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used as the cleanest light source in the world because they have benefi cial features such as lower power consumption, high luminescence effi ciency, and a prolonged emission lifetime. However, a serious issue must be confronted:these commercially available fl uorescence materials contain rare metals. In order to overcome such an issue, we have developed phosphorus (P)doped silicon (Si) composite microparticles (P/Si-MPs) as novel fl uorescence materials. The MPs have excellent advantages, such as higheffi ciency fl uorescence and long-term photostability;surface oxidation can also control the fl uorescence color. In this paper, we suggest a new synthetic approach and discuss the fl uorescence properties of P/Si-MPs.
{"title":"Fluorescence Properties of P-doped Si Composite Microparticles","authors":"Masayuki Suzuki, Keisuke Sato, K. Hirakuri","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.170000565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.170000565","url":null,"abstract":"Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used as the cleanest light source in the world because they have benefi cial features such as lower power consumption, high luminescence effi ciency, and a prolonged emission lifetime. However, a serious issue must be confronted:these commercially available fl uorescence materials contain rare metals. In order to overcome such an issue, we have developed phosphorus (P)doped silicon (Si) composite microparticles (P/Si-MPs) as novel fl uorescence materials. The MPs have excellent advantages, such as higheffi ciency fl uorescence and long-term photostability;surface oxidation can also control the fl uorescence color. In this paper, we suggest a new synthetic approach and discuss the fl uorescence properties of P/Si-MPs.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41328190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masaya Kudo, Keisuke Sato, H. Sukegawa, K. Hirakuri
Magneto - fl uorescent microparticles are novel biomedical materials because they can diagnostically trace disease sites with fl uorescence imaging while performing hyperthermia therapy with magnetic materials. Reducing production costs and simplifying manufacturing processes are absolutely critical for such microparticles. We investigate a simplified procedure for synthesizing magneto - fluorescent microparticles by combining fl uorescent ammonium silicon fl uoride ((NH 4 ) 2 SiF 6 ) and magnetic iron oxides (Fe 3 O 4 ) have been investigated. Furthermore, we discuss the magnetic and fl uorescent behaviors of the microparticles.
{"title":"Optical and Magnetic Properties of Fluorescent Ammonium Silicon Fluoride Microparticles with Magnetic Function","authors":"Masaya Kudo, Keisuke Sato, H. Sukegawa, K. Hirakuri","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.170000566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.170000566","url":null,"abstract":"Magneto - fl uorescent microparticles are novel biomedical materials because they can diagnostically trace disease sites with fl uorescence imaging while performing hyperthermia therapy with magnetic materials. Reducing production costs and simplifying manufacturing processes are absolutely critical for such microparticles. We investigate a simplified procedure for synthesizing magneto - fluorescent microparticles by combining fl uorescent ammonium silicon fl uoride ((NH 4 ) 2 SiF 6 ) and magnetic iron oxides (Fe 3 O 4 ) have been investigated. Furthermore, we discuss the magnetic and fl uorescent behaviors of the microparticles.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43557020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"シリーズレギュレータ方式を用いた LED ランプ点灯回路の研究","authors":"秀将 新岡, 健史 橋本, 康正 坂本, 陽一 田村","doi":"10.2150/jieij.160000557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/jieij.160000557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"102 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/jieij.160000557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46225138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"景観法に基づく「景観計画」における照明に係る景観形成基準の分析","authors":"原田 昌幸, 横江 彩","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.170000560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.170000560","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"102 1","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.170000560","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48465458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"実装密度が異なる白色 LED 光源の明るさ評価","authors":"知範 田代, 岩田 三千子, 阿山 みよし","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.101.469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.469","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"101 1","pages":"469-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45763132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2014年に我が国の科学者がノーベル賞を受賞した青色 InGaN 系 LED の発明により,LED は高効率長寿命の照明光源として 普及している.現経済産業省の主導で2003年度まで実施された「高 効率電光変換化合物半導体開発」プロジェクトにおいては, InGaN 系 LED のエネルギー効率 WPE が14~40%以上にまで向上 し,今日では国を挙げて LED 照明の普及が推進されている.照 明用 LED 光源の性能は,今日まで高い発光効率と自然光に近い 演色性と色度の実現に注力した開発が行われてきた。現在,照明 用 LED 光源には青色 LED チップの青色光と YAG:Ce 系蛍光体 の黄色光との混色による擬似白色の高効率白色 LEDが主に用い られている. 白色 LED には赤・緑・青・黄橙色の LED チップを搭載したマ ルチチップタイプも開発されているが,発光スペクトルが狭く欠 落波長域が広いことに起因して演色性が低いので,照明光源には 不向きと考えられてきた.しかし,各色を細かく制御すること でフルカラー発光が可能になるため,赤・緑・青の RGB 色 LED のマルチチップタイプ白色 LED や各色 LED を個別搭載したモ ジュールが,LCD のバックライト用光源や LED ディスプレイ, 道路表示板などの表示装置に多用されている. 本稿では,RGB 色 LED を用いた照明の照射光の下においては, 焦点調節できる最短の視距離である近点距離を短縮する効果が得 られることを,実験結果により報告する.近点距離は老視によっ て伸長するので,高齢化社会においては RGB 色 LED を用いた照 明の活用が有効であると考えられる.また,近点距離の短縮要因 についてはいまだ明解な答えが得られてはいないが,解析を試み た結果について報告する.
{"title":"Shortening Effect in Near Point Distance by Using RGB Color LED Lighting","authors":"Y. Sano, Taihua Li","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.101.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.239","url":null,"abstract":"2014年に我が国の科学者がノーベル賞を受賞した青色 InGaN 系 LED の発明により,LED は高効率長寿命の照明光源として 普及している.現経済産業省の主導で2003年度まで実施された「高 効率電光変換化合物半導体開発」プロジェクトにおいては, InGaN 系 LED のエネルギー効率 WPE が14~40%以上にまで向上 し,今日では国を挙げて LED 照明の普及が推進されている.照 明用 LED 光源の性能は,今日まで高い発光効率と自然光に近い 演色性と色度の実現に注力した開発が行われてきた。現在,照明 用 LED 光源には青色 LED チップの青色光と YAG:Ce 系蛍光体 の黄色光との混色による擬似白色の高効率白色 LEDが主に用い られている. 白色 LED には赤・緑・青・黄橙色の LED チップを搭載したマ ルチチップタイプも開発されているが,発光スペクトルが狭く欠 落波長域が広いことに起因して演色性が低いので,照明光源には 不向きと考えられてきた.しかし,各色を細かく制御すること でフルカラー発光が可能になるため,赤・緑・青の RGB 色 LED のマルチチップタイプ白色 LED や各色 LED を個別搭載したモ ジュールが,LCD のバックライト用光源や LED ディスプレイ, 道路表示板などの表示装置に多用されている. 本稿では,RGB 色 LED を用いた照明の照射光の下においては, 焦点調節できる最短の視距離である近点距離を短縮する効果が得 られることを,実験結果により報告する.近点距離は老視によっ て伸長するので,高齢化社会においては RGB 色 LED を用いた照 明の活用が有効であると考えられる.また,近点距離の短縮要因 についてはいまだ明解な答えが得られてはいないが,解析を試み た結果について報告する.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"101 1","pages":"239-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47057360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Tashiro, S. Kawanobe, T. Kimura-Minoda, S. Kohko, Tomoharu Ishikawa, M. Ayama
To examine the quantitative relationship between the degree of discomfort glare and a number of photometric quantities, experiments were conducted using red LED lamps for automotive lighting devices. Illuminance at the observer’s eye and effective glare luminance proposed by Tashiro et al. were employed as photometric quantities. The results show that the illuminance at the observer’s eye denotes the same tendency as the results of previous study. However, the results of effective glare luminance show different trends. Using a discomfort glare evaluation formula with effective glare luminance, the results of this study and Tashiro’s study were compared. The results showed a strong correlation between the evaluation and estimation values of discomfort glare. This means that the discomfort glare rating for any LED sources can be satisfactorily estimated.
{"title":"Estimation of Discomfort Glare Rating for Automotive Red LED Lamps","authors":"T. Tashiro, S. Kawanobe, T. Kimura-Minoda, S. Kohko, Tomoharu Ishikawa, M. Ayama","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.101.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.223","url":null,"abstract":"To examine the quantitative relationship between the degree of discomfort glare and a number of photometric quantities, experiments were conducted using red LED lamps for automotive lighting devices. Illuminance at the observer’s eye and effective glare luminance proposed by Tashiro et al. were employed as photometric quantities. The results show that the illuminance at the observer’s eye denotes the same tendency as the results of previous study. However, the results of effective glare luminance show different trends. Using a discomfort glare evaluation formula with effective glare luminance, the results of this study and Tashiro’s study were compared. The results showed a strong correlation between the evaluation and estimation values of discomfort glare. This means that the discomfort glare rating for any LED sources can be satisfactorily estimated.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"101 1","pages":"223-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44234117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Linearity measurement of array spectroradiometer is of great importance in the fi elds of photometry, radiometry, and thermometry. An accurate linearity measurement system with the flux addition method has been developed to evaluate linearity characteristics of array spectroradiometer. A nonlinear behavior of 4 % for an array spectroradiometer in the visible light was measured with reproducibility of less than 0.2 %. This result enables us to correct the nonlinear behavior of the array spectroradiometer and contributes to highly accurate optical measurements.
{"title":"Establishment of Highly Accurate Linearity Evaluation Method for Array Spectroradiometer Using Flux Addition Method","authors":"M. Tanabe, K. Godo","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.101.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.219","url":null,"abstract":"A Linearity measurement of array spectroradiometer is of great importance in the fi elds of photometry, radiometry, and thermometry. An accurate linearity measurement system with the flux addition method has been developed to evaluate linearity characteristics of array spectroradiometer. A nonlinear behavior of 4 % for an array spectroradiometer in the visible light was measured with reproducibility of less than 0.2 %. This result enables us to correct the nonlinear behavior of the array spectroradiometer and contributes to highly accurate optical measurements.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"101 1","pages":"219-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to explain as quantitatively as possible the readability of Japanese characters in terms of certain elements in the multidimensional, and rather qualitative, space of font design. Based on a review of previous studies, two main dimensions have been selected as the most infl uential on readability; the relative character size in the bounding box, which we call style, and the stroke width, which we call weight (when discussed in a categorical way). The Gothic fonts were chosen as the target because they are well known to be the most legible. Behavioral evaluations of readability were conducted instead of subjective judgments. In accordance with the reading acuity measurement MNREAD-J, short and easy-to-read sentences were presented to participants, and the time required to read them aloud was recorded along with any reading errors; this provided three readability indices. Sentences were rendered in one of 12 different fonts consisting of four kinds of style-Old, Standard, Modern, and UD-times three weight levels-Light, Regular, and Bold. Findings for the style suggest that the enlargement of relative size represents a tradeoff with narrowed inter-letter spacing. This means that good legibility of single letter design may not result in good readability of letters in sentences. However, the weight had a notable effect especially in small sizes. Two readability indices were predicted relatively well by participants’ acuity and stroke width. The effect of stroke width had a ceiling between 10 and 15 % of the letter size.
{"title":"The Effect of Style and Weight on the Readability of Japanese Fonts :: A Study of Reading Evaluations with Standard Off-the-shelf Fonts@@@―既存フォントを用いた読書評価による検討―","authors":"Madoka Ohnishi, K. Oda","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.101.474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.474","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explain as quantitatively as possible the readability of Japanese characters in terms of certain elements in the multidimensional, and rather qualitative, space of font design. Based on a review of previous studies, two main dimensions have been selected as the most infl uential on readability; the relative character size in the bounding box, which we call style, and the stroke width, which we call weight (when discussed in a categorical way). The Gothic fonts were chosen as the target because they are well known to be the most legible. Behavioral evaluations of readability were conducted instead of subjective judgments. In accordance with the reading acuity measurement MNREAD-J, short and easy-to-read sentences were presented to participants, and the time required to read them aloud was recorded along with any reading errors; this provided three readability indices. Sentences were rendered in one of 12 different fonts consisting of four kinds of style-Old, Standard, Modern, and UD-times three weight levels-Light, Regular, and Bold. Findings for the style suggest that the enlargement of relative size represents a tradeoff with narrowed inter-letter spacing. This means that good legibility of single letter design may not result in good readability of letters in sentences. However, the weight had a notable effect especially in small sizes. Two readability indices were predicted relatively well by participants’ acuity and stroke width. The effect of stroke width had a ceiling between 10 and 15 % of the letter size.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"101 1","pages":"474-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Low Illuminance Lighting Arrangement to Enhance the Natural Experience in a Resort Area","authors":"Shigeo Kobayashi, Yuho Nakamura, S. Hosoya","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.101.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.82","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":"101 1","pages":"82-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.82","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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