I. Katayama, Kimio Matsumoto, Kenta Noda, Noboru Kawanishi
An index for quantitative evaluation of the color discrimination property of sunglass lenses was calculated as the ratio of the color gamut area formed by the eight CIE-1974 test-color samples for the general color rendering index on the CIECAM02 colorfulness plane under the standard illuminant D65 after passing through the sunglass lenses under test to the gamut area formed by the samples on the plane under the illuminant D65. The index was validated by a very high simple correlation coef fi cient between the visual evaluation results and the indices of the color discrimination property. Furthermore, it was shown that blocking the spectral component around 565 nm effectively improves the color discrimination property and that a spectral transmittance factor that blocks wavelength components in a 500-nm area effectively improves color discrimination and enhances colorfulness for the color yellow simultaneously.
{"title":"Design of Spectral Transmittance Factor for Sunglasses Using CIECAM02","authors":"I. Katayama, Kimio Matsumoto, Kenta Noda, Noboru Kawanishi","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.101.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.75","url":null,"abstract":"An index for quantitative evaluation of the color discrimination property of sunglass lenses was calculated as the ratio of the color gamut area formed by the eight CIE-1974 test-color samples for the general color rendering index on the CIECAM02 colorfulness plane under the standard illuminant D65 after passing through the sunglass lenses under test to the gamut area formed by the samples on the plane under the illuminant D65. The index was validated by a very high simple correlation coef fi cient between the visual evaluation results and the indices of the color discrimination property. Furthermore, it was shown that blocking the spectral component around 565 nm effectively improves the color discrimination property and that a spectral transmittance factor that blocks wavelength components in a 500-nm area effectively improves color discrimination and enhances colorfulness for the color yellow simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.101.75","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"美術館・博物館の資料保護に向けた光曝露量の評価方法―染色布を事例に","authors":"翔 黄川田, 直人 吉田, 千絵 佐野","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.100.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.74","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of High Luminance on Disappearance of Balls in Stadiums","authors":"Hirokuni Higashi, Jun Sasaki, Shota Koga, Yumi Hanyuda","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.100.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.234","url":null,"abstract":"東京オリンピック・パラリンピック競技大会が開催される2020 年が近づくにつれ,年々スポーツ競技に対する関心が高まってい るが,競技が行われる施設では,省エネルギーへの取り組みとし て,既存の照明器具から LED 照明器具に置き換わりつつある. しかしその一方,小さい発光面積から光が照射される白色 LED を光源とした LED 照明器具は,輝度が高いという特徴を持つた め,既存の照明器具からの単純な置き換えには注意が必要との声 もある. 高い輝度はグレアを生じやすくするため,近年,グレアを評価 する指標の研究が盛んに行われているが,オフィス,街路,道路, 自動車のヘッドライトを対象にしている研究が多く,スポー ツ施設における研究はあまり行われていない.上述したようにス ポーツ施設にも LED 照明器具が導入され始めており,スポーツ 競技でのグレア対策は必須である.そのため,スポーツ施設向け のグレア評価指標の開発は重要な研究課題といえる. 現在,スポーツ施設におけるグレアは GR(Glare Rating)を指 標にして評価される.しかし GR は競技者の視線方向が俯角 2°のときの不快グレアの指標であるため,様々な方向に視線を 向けるスポーツ競技においては十分な評価指標とはいえない.特 に視線方向を頻繁に変える球技においては,視界に照明器具の発 光面が入ると,ボールの見え方を妨げられてしまうことがあるが, この現象は GR では評価できない.このような背景から筆者らは, 球技を行うスポーツ施設における照明器具の発光面に視線を向け たときのグレア評価指標のあり方について着目した. 球技において重要なことはボールの見え方である.そこで, “照 明にボールが重なると消えて見えなくなる”という実際の球場で 起こる現象に着目してグレア評価指標の研究を進めることにし た.この現象は輝度が高い照明器具を新設したことにより生じた 可能性が高い.そこで本稿は,研究の第一段階として,照明器具 の発光面にボールが重なると消えて見えなくなる現象(以下,ボー ル消失現象)を引き起こす輝度の閾値(以下,輝度閾値)を明ら かにするため,野球経験者を被験者として球場で行ったボールの 見え方に関する実験について報告する.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68757856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koki Motosugi, Tomohiro Yamaguchi, Yoshio Watanabe
The optimum specifi cations of an LED operation circuit based on a Cockcroft-Walton circuit were investigated. It was found that the fourtimes-circuit with an LED operating voltage set to about 50 % of the non-load output voltage is preferable, since the number of elements in the circuit and the capacitance of each capacitor could be minimized. Then, the cost of the LED operation circuit could be minimized by using a four-times-circuit. The input power factor is maximum when the LED operating voltage was set to about 80 % of the non-load output voltage, and the maximum value of the input power factor increases with increasing step-up voltage of the circuit. It was also found that the eight-times-circuit could satisfy the harmonics regulation regarding the input current of electronic equipment by adjusting the LED operation voltage and capacitance ratio.
{"title":"Design of LED Operation Circuit Based on Cockcroft-Walton Circuit","authors":"Koki Motosugi, Tomohiro Yamaguchi, Yoshio Watanabe","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.100.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.224","url":null,"abstract":"The optimum specifi cations of an LED operation circuit based on a Cockcroft-Walton circuit were investigated. It was found that the fourtimes-circuit with an LED operating voltage set to about 50 % of the non-load output voltage is preferable, since the number of elements in the circuit and the capacitance of each capacitor could be minimized. Then, the cost of the LED operation circuit could be minimized by using a four-times-circuit. The input power factor is maximum when the LED operating voltage was set to about 80 % of the non-load output voltage, and the maximum value of the input power factor increases with increasing step-up voltage of the circuit. It was also found that the eight-times-circuit could satisfy the harmonics regulation regarding the input current of electronic equipment by adjusting the LED operation voltage and capacitance ratio.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As variation of light sources such as Solid State Lighting (SSL) increases, it is becoming more important to evaluate luminous intensity distribution and total luminous fl ux with goniophotometry. To reduce uncertainty and increase effi ciency of total luminous fl ux evaluation with goniophotometry, we compare several existing calculation methods for total luminous fl ux evaluation. For the comparison, some incandescent lamps and LED lamps that differ with regard to luminous intensity distribution have been measured by a goniophotometer, and those total luminous fl ux values have been evaluated using the existing methods. The comparison results show that optimization for the angular measurement step taking into account not only beam spread angle but also details of luminous intensity distribution is required for reducing the measurement time and the measurement uncertainty simultaneously. To optimize the angular measurement step, modulation of the step in accordance with the 2nd derivative of the luminous intensity distribution is required.
{"title":"Investigation of Calculation Method for Total Luminous Flux with Goniophotometry","authors":"Yuri Nakazawa, K. Godo, T. Zama","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.100.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.67","url":null,"abstract":"As variation of light sources such as Solid State Lighting (SSL) increases, it is becoming more important to evaluate luminous intensity distribution and total luminous fl ux with goniophotometry. To reduce uncertainty and increase effi ciency of total luminous fl ux evaluation with goniophotometry, we compare several existing calculation methods for total luminous fl ux evaluation. For the comparison, some incandescent lamps and LED lamps that differ with regard to luminous intensity distribution have been measured by a goniophotometer, and those total luminous fl ux values have been evaluated using the existing methods. The comparison results show that optimization for the angular measurement step taking into account not only beam spread angle but also details of luminous intensity distribution is required for reducing the measurement time and the measurement uncertainty simultaneously. To optimize the angular measurement step, modulation of the step in accordance with the 2nd derivative of the luminous intensity distribution is required.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.67","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The previous study reported by some members of the Research Group for Glare Evaluation of Outdoor LED Light Sources established in the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan, showed that luminance based photometric quantities have a stronger correlation to discomfort glare evaluation than those based on equivalent veiling luminance or illuminance at the observer’s eye. They proposed the m_DGI as an index to assess the degree of discomfort glare. However, the test lights that cause strong discomfort glare were not examined there. In this study, we conducted a subjective evaluation experiment using seven types of LED streetlights including those of higher luminance in the outer environment similar to the previous study. The results revealed several fi ndings. First, discomfort glare is strongly felt when the positional relationship between the pedestrian and lighting fi xtures is in a certain range; second, light sources with spatially non-uniform luminance distribution cause a strong discomfort glare; third, GR for sports-fi eld lighting is not suited for discomfort glare evaluation of pedestrian zones; and fourth, the relation found in the previous study was confi rmed. In addition, we confi rmed the versatility of m_DGI from weak to strong discomfort glare evaluation. We proposed a new index m_GR calculated using equivalent veiling luminance. Correlation to the discomfort glare evaluation is worse than m_DGI, our data indicate that m_GR is applicable to estimate a degree of discomfort glare in practical situations.
{"title":"Discomfort Glare of White LED Lighting in Pedestrian Zones","authors":"S. Kohko, M. Ayama","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.100.449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.449","url":null,"abstract":"The previous study reported by some members of the Research Group for Glare Evaluation of Outdoor LED Light Sources established in the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan, showed that luminance based photometric quantities have a stronger correlation to discomfort glare evaluation than those based on equivalent veiling luminance or illuminance at the observer’s eye. They proposed the m_DGI as an index to assess the degree of discomfort glare. However, the test lights that cause strong discomfort glare were not examined there. In this study, we conducted a subjective evaluation experiment using seven types of LED streetlights including those of higher luminance in the outer environment similar to the previous study. The results revealed several fi ndings. First, discomfort glare is strongly felt when the positional relationship between the pedestrian and lighting fi xtures is in a certain range; second, light sources with spatially non-uniform luminance distribution cause a strong discomfort glare; third, GR for sports-fi eld lighting is not suited for discomfort glare evaluation of pedestrian zones; and fourth, the relation found in the previous study was confi rmed. In addition, we confi rmed the versatility of m_DGI from weak to strong discomfort glare evaluation. We proposed a new index m_GR calculated using equivalent veiling luminance. Correlation to the discomfort glare evaluation is worse than m_DGI, our data indicate that m_GR is applicable to estimate a degree of discomfort glare in practical situations.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.449","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68757916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect to SRDF of Integrating Sphere in BRDF of Integrating Sphere inside of Wall Reflective Material","authors":"K. Ohkubo, Y. Osawa","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.100.455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.455","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoko Harada, Haruhiko Yamamoto, K. Iwaya, Atsuko Yamakita, Kazuki Nomura
Exterior illumination in populated areas is part of the basic infrastructure used to secure relief from darkness and to ensure safety for social and economic activity at night. However, it can also be a source of light pollution. In wet rice cultivation, light pollution due to exterior illumination results in delayed fl owering (heading), which in turn leads to a reduced yield and to a low-inspection grade at the harvest stage. Therefore, the relationship between a delayed heading period and the light intensity or irradiation period needs to be studied. This study attempts to models the rice growth process in light pollution to propose lighting and cultivation management that will ensure pedestrian safety as much as possible while utilizing countermeasures against light pollution at effective and appropriate times.
{"title":"Estimation of the Heading Days Under the Effect of Light Pollution Using a Model for Predicting Developmental Process in Rice","authors":"Yoko Harada, Haruhiko Yamamoto, K. Iwaya, Atsuko Yamakita, Kazuki Nomura","doi":"10.2150/JIEIJ.100.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.229","url":null,"abstract":"Exterior illumination in populated areas is part of the basic infrastructure used to secure relief from darkness and to ensure safety for social and economic activity at night. However, it can also be a source of light pollution. In wet rice cultivation, light pollution due to exterior illumination results in delayed fl owering (heading), which in turn leads to a reduced yield and to a low-inspection grade at the harvest stage. Therefore, the relationship between a delayed heading period and the light intensity or irradiation period needs to be studied. This study attempts to models the rice growth process in light pollution to propose lighting and cultivation management that will ensure pedestrian safety as much as possible while utilizing countermeasures against light pollution at effective and appropriate times.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/JIEIJ.100.229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68758205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Satoshi Hirakawa, M. Hayakawa, M. Takenouchi, Nobuhiro Kyoto
Unlike more general structures, a tunnel is a space that has district particularities such as the need for lighting even in the daytime. It is necessary to install appropriate lighting equipment, especially ef fi cient lighting equipment, in tunnels. Light distribution of luminaire is a factor that affects the equipment scale. However, the relationship between light distribution and energy consumption has not yet been clari fi ed. Against this backdrop, we propose a light distribution design method for highly ef fi cient tunnel lighting that reduces energy consumption and a tunnel lighting design method that optimizes the features while ful fi lling lighting performance requirements based on the relationship between the light distribution of tunnel lighting and the illumination characteristics for tunnel luminance (symmetrical lighting method) used as existing tunnel luminance. We evaluated the effects of luminance on the light distribution by simulations in an actual tunnel and con fi rmed the effectiveness of the energy saving.
{"title":"Study of Luminous Distribution Design of Tunnel Base Lighting","authors":"Satoshi Hirakawa, M. Hayakawa, M. Takenouchi, Nobuhiro Kyoto","doi":"10.2150/jieij.100.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/jieij.100.217","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike more general structures, a tunnel is a space that has district particularities such as the need for lighting even in the daytime. It is necessary to install appropriate lighting equipment, especially ef fi cient lighting equipment, in tunnels. Light distribution of luminaire is a factor that affects the equipment scale. However, the relationship between light distribution and energy consumption has not yet been clari fi ed. Against this backdrop, we propose a light distribution design method for highly ef fi cient tunnel lighting that reduces energy consumption and a tunnel lighting design method that optimizes the features while ful fi lling lighting performance requirements based on the relationship between the light distribution of tunnel lighting and the illumination characteristics for tunnel luminance (symmetrical lighting method) used as existing tunnel luminance. We evaluated the effects of luminance on the light distribution by simulations in an actual tunnel and con fi rmed the effectiveness of the energy saving.","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2150/jieij.100.217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68757978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Chronological Table of Akari on the Nippon Kotoki Taikan(Research on Japanese Traditional Akari -light- Culture)","authors":"K. Kawamura, M. Maejima","doi":"10.2150/jieij.99.640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2150/jieij.99.640","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan (Shomei Gakkai Shi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67823962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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