Electricity Journal最新文献

Role of pumped hydro storage in China’s power system decarbonization 抽水蓄能在中国电力系统脱碳中的作用

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107487

Liqun Peng , Gang He , Jiang Lin

China has pledged to peak its carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. Decarbonizing the power system is key to achieving these targets. Pumped hydro storage (PHS) can play a crucial role in power system decarbonization by providing both short- and long-term energy storage, facilitating the integration of variable renewable energy and maintaining grid stability. However, there is a lack of systematic assessment of how much PHS is needed to support the stability and reliability of a zero-carbon power system. Here we use a high-resolution power system planning model to investigate the role of PHS. Our findings indicate that building excessive PHS may not be the most cost-effective path to achieve zero-carbon power system, if there is no major cost reduction of PHS. A planned capacity of 120 GW of PHS is already sufficient to balance electricity supply and demand by 2050, since battery storage capacity is projected to substantially increase between 2025 and 2050 and is emerging as a more economical solution to address the variability of renewable energy and accommodate demand growth. Our results suggest that over-investment in PHS could lead to unnecessary electricity price inflation. Further improvement of business models for energy storage in China’s evolving electricity market is critical to facilitating the rapid and sustainable development of energy storage in a decarbonizing China’s power system.

中国承诺到2030年达到碳排放峰值，到2060年实现碳中和。使电力系统脱碳是实现这些目标的关键。抽水蓄能通过提供短期和长期的蓄能，促进可变可再生能源的整合，维护电网的稳定，在电力系统脱碳中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，对于需要多少小灵通来支持零碳电力系统的稳定性和可靠性，缺乏系统的评估。在这里，我们使用高分辨率的电力系统规划模型来研究小灵通的作用。我们的研究结果表明，如果没有大幅降低小灵通的成本，建设过多的小灵通可能不是实现零碳电力系统最具成本效益的途径。由于电池储能容量预计将在2025年至2050年之间大幅增加，并且正在成为解决可再生能源可变性和适应需求增长的更经济的解决方案，因此，计划中的120 GW PHS容量已经足以在2050年之前平衡电力供需。我们的研究结果表明，对小灵通的过度投资可能导致不必要的电价通胀。在中国不断发展的电力市场中，进一步完善储能商业模式对于促进中国电力系统脱碳中储能的快速可持续发展至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Contracts and constraints: How long-term power purchase agreements undermine carbon pricing in India’s electricity sector 合同与约束：长期购电协议如何破坏印度电力部门的碳定价

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107495

Shefali Khanna

Market-based instruments like carbon pricing are increasingly being adopted in developing countries to mitigate carbon emissions. However, institutional features such as long-term electricity contracts and regulated tariffs may mute their effectiveness. I explore this question in the context of the electric power sector in India, where electricity is transacted primarily via long-term bilateral contracts and state-owned distribution utilities self-schedule contracted power plants to meet their demand. The absence of a centralized and dynamic market-based economic dispatch mechanism generates short-run misallocation in electricity dispatch and distorts long-run investment decisions, such as the incentive to invest in flexible generation capacity and energy storage to complement renewable-based capacity. Using panel data on coal price schedules and monthly plant-level operations from 2012 to 2020, I construct a predicted delivered coal price index to estimate the elasticity of plant utilization with respect to fuel prices. I find that the demand for electricity from coal-fired power plants with a higher share of capacity allocated under long-term bilateral contract(s) is less sensitive to changes in coal prices, implying that the existing market design could erode some of the environmental benefits of carbon pricing.

发展中国家越来越多地采用碳定价等基于市场的工具来减少碳排放。然而，长期电力合同和管制关税等制度特征可能会削弱其有效性。我在印度电力部门的背景下探讨了这个问题，在印度，电力交易主要通过长期双边合同和国有配电公司自行安排合同电厂来满足他们的需求。缺乏集中的、动态的、基于市场的经济调度机制，会导致电力调度中的短期错配，并扭曲长期投资决策，例如投资灵活发电能力和储能以补充可再生能源能力的激励。利用2012年至2020年煤炭价格时间表和月度工厂级运营的面板数据，我构建了一个预测交付煤炭价格指数，以估计工厂利用相对于燃料价格的弹性。我发现，在长期双边合同下分配容量份额较高的燃煤电厂的电力需求对煤炭价格的变化不太敏感，这意味着现有的市场设计可能会削弱碳定价的一些环境效益。

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引用次数: 0

Administering energy aid: State approaches to low income home energy assistance program implementation 管理能源援助：国家对低收入家庭能源援助计划实施的方法

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107521

Ryan Anthony, Michelle Graff

As climate change accelerates, energy affordability has become an increasingly urgent challenge, particularly for low-income households. The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), the United States’ primary mechanism for delivering energy assistance to low-income households, increasingly faces constrained capacity and an uncertain future. This paper investigates how state-level variations in LIHEAP implementation affects program participation. Drawing on LIHEAP State and Territory Plans, we examine variation across three key dimensions: (1) timing and duration of assistance relative to shifting seasonal energy needs; (2) the type of administering state agency and the degree of coordination across the social safety net; and (3) outreach strategies. Using 2016–2022 linear regression estimates, we find that states where LIHEAP is administered by community service agencies are associated with higher participation rates, while administration by welfare agencies is associated with higher total participation. LIHEAP programs that coordinate application processes with other social programs are associated with reaching a larger share of eligible households, whereas passive outreach methods show limited effectiveness. Cooling degree days are not statistically associated with participation, suggesting a lag between evolving climate conditions and program adaptation. Finally, relying on 2024 data, we observe descriptive evidence of misalignment between state weather trends and funding periods. Together, these findings highlight the importance of program design and implementation in shaping access to energy assistance. We offer state-specific insights to improve LIHEAP’s responsiveness and enhance the program’s capacity to support low-income American households amid a changing climate.

随着气候变化的加速，能源负担能力已成为日益紧迫的挑战，尤其是对低收入家庭而言。低收入家庭能源援助计划（LIHEAP）是美国向低收入家庭提供能源援助的主要机制，但它日益面临能力受限和未来不确定的问题。本文研究了LIHEAP实施中的州级差异如何影响项目参与。根据LIHEAP州和地区计划，我们研究了三个关键维度的变化：(1)与季节性能源需求变化相关的援助时间和持续时间；(2)管理国家机构的类型和整个社会保障网络的协调程度；(3)拓展策略。使用2016-2022年线性回归估计，我们发现LIHEAP由社区服务机构管理的州具有较高的参与率，而由福利机构管理的州具有较高的总参与率。LIHEAP项目将申请过程与其他社会项目相协调，能够帮助更多符合条件的家庭，而被动的推广方法效果有限。从统计上看，降温度日与参与率没有关联，这表明气候条件的演变与项目适应之间存在滞后。最后，根据2024年的数据，我们观察到各州天气趋势与资助期之间不一致的描述性证据。综上所述，这些发现突出了项目设计和实施在塑造能源援助获取渠道方面的重要性。我们提供针对各州的见解，以提高LIHEAP的响应能力，并增强该项目在气候变化中支持低收入美国家庭的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Rethinking the hidden energy poverty indicator: Using electricity consumption quartiles to identify vulnerable households in South-Central Chile” [Electr. J. (2025), 107499] “重新思考隐藏的能源贫困指标：使用电力消费四分位数来识别智利中南部的弱势家庭”[电力]。J. (2025), 107499]

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107504

Susana Clavijo-Núñez , Alexis Pérez-Fargallo , David Bienvenido-Huertas , Sergio Contreras-Espinoza

引用次数: 0

Energy transition: Are Indian DisComs prepared? 能源转型：印度DisComs准备好了吗？

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107522

Sapan Thapar

India is the third largest consumer of energy as well greenhouse gas emitter. It has been taking several initiatives towards energy transition. With a fifth of energy consumed as electricity and half of the total emissions attributed to the power sector, it becomes vital to assess the readiness of Indian power distribution utilities in the era of transition. The study conceptualizes energy transition index for Indian states/ DisComs, on four broad themes- socio-economic, commercial, technical and technological. These are sub-divided into ten parameters- economic growth, per capita consumption, tariff differential, renewables, T&D loss, infrastructure, impact of new loads (ACs, EVs) as well as supply competition (solar, open access). Scoring depicts wide variation among states, which are categorised into four groups. Key findings include ARR & ACoS gap impacting tariffs, importance of firm renewables, agriculture load shift and T&D loss monetization. Opportunity exists for exchange of best practices and learnings among states, helping them prepare better for transition.

印度是第三大能源消费国和温室气体排放国。中国在能源转型方面采取了若干举措。由于电力消耗了五分之一的能源，电力部门占总排放量的一半，因此评估印度配电公用事业在转型时代的准备情况变得至关重要。该研究将印度各邦/ discom的能源转型指数概念化，涉及四个广泛的主题-社会经济、商业、技术和技术。这些指标被细分为10个参数——经济增长、人均消费、关税差异、可再生能源、输配电损失、基础设施、新负荷的影响（交流电、电动汽车）以及供应竞争（太阳能、开放接入）。评分显示了各州之间的巨大差异，这些州被分为四组。主要发现包括ARR和ACoS差距影响关税、企业可再生能源的重要性、农业负荷转移和t&d损失货币化。各国之间有机会交流最佳做法和经验，帮助它们更好地为过渡做好准备。

引用次数: 0

Modernizing India’s electricity market: Opportunities for market-based PPAs, contracts for difference, and revenue-sharing contracts 印度电力市场现代化：基于市场的购电协议、差价合同和收入分成合同的机会

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107505

Gaurav Gupta, Anoop Singh

India’s power sector has transitioned from a regulated framework to a more market-driven structure. These changes have contributed to improved energy access and grid reliability, although progress remains uneven across regions. However, challenges such as price volatility and rigid procurement mechanisms persist. Traditional long-term Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), with fixed tariffs and inflexible terms, limit market adaptability. As India expands its renewable energy capacity and competitive electricity markets, modernizing procurement mechanisms is essential. Market-based PPAs enhance flexibility through dynamic pricing and real-time market alignment, while Contracts for Difference (CfDs) provide revenue stability for generators and allow utilities to benefit from market fluctuations. Revenue-sharing Contracts (RSC) create a risk-reward balance by linking revenues to market conditions and generation performance, thereby incentivizing efficiency and investment in renewables. By integrating these market-based mechanisms, India can develop a more resilient and sustainable electricity market that supports its renewable energy and decarbonization goals. Innovative financial contracts are key to managing price volatility, ensuring economic security, and fostering long-term investments in the evolving power sector.

印度电力行业已经从一个受监管的框架过渡到一个更加市场化的结构。这些变化有助于改善能源获取和电网可靠性，尽管各地区的进展仍不平衡。然而，价格波动和僵化的采购机制等挑战依然存在。传统的长期购电协议（PPAs）具有固定的电价和不灵活的条款，限制了市场适应性。随着印度扩大其可再生能源容量和竞争性电力市场，现代化采购机制至关重要。基于市场的购电协议通过动态定价和实时市场调整提高了灵活性，而差价合约（cfd）为发电商提供了稳定的收入，并允许公用事业公司从市场波动中受益。收入共享合同（RSC）通过将收入与市场条件和发电绩效联系起来，从而实现风险回报平衡，从而激励可再生能源的效率和投资。通过整合这些基于市场的机制，印度可以发展一个更具弹性和可持续性的电力市场，以支持其可再生能源和脱碳目标。创新的金融合约是管理价格波动、确保经济安全以及促进对不断发展的电力行业进行长期投资的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Social vulnerability to long-duration power outages: A Survey of households in Colorado and Minnesota 长期停电的社会脆弱性：对科罗拉多州和明尼苏达州家庭的调查

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107506

Jesse Dugan , Salman Mohagheghi

Long-duration power outages cause devastating impacts to society, which will only worsen as climate change increases the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events and natural disasters. However, few existing studies quantify the social impacts of power outages or investigate household-level social vulnerability specific to these events. Through a survey of 1050 households in Colorado and Minnesota, we examined patterns related to: (1) power outage exposure and household impacts, including negative health outcomes, (2) power outage preparedness, and (3) evacuation capacity due to a long-duration power outage. We analyze the survey data using statistical methods, including correlation tests, analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and association rule mining. Our results indicate that electricity-dependence is a key indicator of negative outcomes due to a power outage; that income, age, household size, and home size and type are indicators of power outage preparedness; and that gender, fear of looting, and presence of children, pets, and livestock are all factors that influence evacuation intention and means. Our results provide household-level insights into social vulnerability to long-duration power outages, which can inform equity-centered planning and operational decisions aimed at enhancing power grid resilience.

长时间停电对社会造成了毁灭性的影响，随着气候变化增加极端天气事件和自然灾害的频率和强度，这种影响只会加剧。然而，很少有现有的研究量化停电的社会影响或调查家庭层面的社会脆弱性具体到这些事件。通过对科罗拉多州和明尼苏达州1050户家庭的调查，我们研究了以下相关模式：(1)停电暴露和家庭影响，包括负面健康结果；(2)停电准备；(3)长时间停电造成的疏散能力。我们使用统计方法分析调查数据，包括相关检验、方差分析、Kruskal-Wallis检验和关联规则挖掘。我们的研究结果表明，电力依赖是停电负面结果的关键指标；收入、年龄、家庭规模、房屋大小和类型是停电准备的指标；性别、对抢劫的恐惧、儿童、宠物和牲畜的存在都是影响疏散意图和方式的因素。我们的研究结果提供了家庭层面对长期停电的社会脆弱性的见解，这可以为旨在增强电网弹性的以股权为中心的规划和运营决策提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Rethinking the hidden energy poverty indicator: Using electricity consumption quartiles to identify vulnerable households in South-Central Chile 重新思考隐藏的能源贫困指标：利用电力消费四分位数来识别智利中南部的弱势家庭

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107499

Susana Clavijo-Núñez , Alexis Pérez-Fargallo , David Bienvenido-Huertas , Sergio Contreras-Espinoza

Energy poverty is a complex and multidimensional problem that has been widely studied in countries of the global North, especially in the European Union. The methodologies and indicators developed in these countries are difficult to adapt to contexts as disparate as those of Latin America and the Caribbean. The objective of the article is to analyse whether simple indicators based on electricity consumption, such as the Hidden Energy Poverty Indicator, allow to measure energy poverty in this region. An intentional case study is taken as a set of households in South-Central Chile that have been identified as being in a situation of energy poverty by the Social Register of Households in Chile. New ranges are proposed to categorise households in energy poverty and vulnerability, analysing the indicators on monthly and annual time scales. The results show how by including new study ranges, such as the third quartile of electricity expenditure distribution of the household sample, it is possible to categorize impoverished homes more effectively in the study territory. It is hoped that this will facilitate the identification of vulnerable housing at a local level by the different actors working in energy policies.

能源贫困是一个复杂和多方面的问题，在全球北方国家，特别是在欧洲联盟，已得到广泛研究。在这些国家制定的方法和指标很难适应像拉丁美洲和加勒比那样完全不同的情况。本文的目的是分析基于用电量的简单指标，如隐性能源贫困指标，是否能够衡量该地区的能源贫困。一个有意的案例研究是对智利中南部的一组家庭进行的，这些家庭已被智利家庭社会登记册确定为处于能源贫困状况。提出了新的范围，对能源贫困和脆弱的家庭进行分类，分析每月和每年的时间尺度指标。结果表明，通过纳入新的研究范围，例如家庭样本的电力支出分布的第三个四分位数，可以更有效地对研究区域内的贫困家庭进行分类。希望这将有助于制订能源政策的不同行动者在地方一级查明易受伤害的住房。

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引用次数: 0

Deep de-carbonization and its implications for regional equity: An Indian case study 深度脱碳及其对区域公平的影响：以印度为例

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107519

Rohit Chandra, Sanjay Mitra

India’s ambitious targets call for a deep de-carbonization of the electricity sector through an accelerated deployment of renewable energy and reduced use of coal. This could exacerbate existing regional inequalities, between the states in the west and the south and those in the north and east. While variable renewable energy (VRE) sources namely, solar and wind are concentrated in a few states in the western and southern parts of the country, coal reserves occur mainly in the eastern part of the country which also happens to have the lowest VRE endowments. As the share of VRE in electricity production and consumption rises, these locational characteristics and the dominant role of state ownership in the electricity sector together will play into the finances of the VRE-poor states through higher expenditure on renewable energy and lower revenues from coal mining. This paper presents an assessment of the nature and extent of the fiscal impact of the mitigation policies centred on deep decarbonization of India’s electricity sector through deployment of renewable energy. Specifically, it looks at the impacts on the budget deficits of states with relatively low endowments of solar and wind resources. The impact could be quite substantial, adding 8.66 % to the combined deficits of the VRE-poor states under fairly conservative assumptions. The impact is most severe on the three coal-rich states of Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh. Absent an acceptable framework for an equitable sharing of costs and benefits across the states and with the Union government, these developments could impede the realization of the national goals for climate change mitigation.

印度雄心勃勃的目标要求通过加快可再生能源的部署和减少煤炭的使用，实现电力部门的深度脱碳。这可能会加剧西部和南部各州与北部和东部各州之间现有的地区不平等。可变可再生能源（VRE），即太阳能和风能集中在该国西部和南部的几个州，而煤炭储量主要集中在该国东部，而东部恰好也是可变可再生能源禀赋最低的地区。随着VRE在电力生产和消费中所占份额的上升，这些位置特征和国有在电力部门的主导作用，将通过增加可再生能源支出和减少煤炭开采收入，共同影响VRE贫困州的财政状况。本文评估了以通过部署可再生能源实现印度电力部门深度脱碳为中心的减缓政策的财政影响的性质和程度。具体来说，它着眼于对太阳能和风能资源禀赋相对较低的州的预算赤字的影响。影响可能相当大，在相当保守的假设下，vre贫困州的总赤字将增加8.66 %。这对贾坎德邦、奥里萨邦和恰蒂斯加尔邦这三个煤炭资源丰富的邦的影响最为严重。如果没有一个可接受的框架来在各州之间以及与联邦政府公平分担成本和收益，这些事态发展可能会阻碍实现国家减缓气候变化目标。

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引用次数: 0

Flexibility forward: A survey of smart tariffs optimising electric vehicles and heat pumps in Europe 灵活性向前：智能关税的调查优化电动汽车和热泵在欧洲

IF 2.2 Q1 Social Sciences

Electricity Journal

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tej.2025.107520

Jaap Burger , Jan Rosenow

Europe's energy system increasingly requires flexibility to integrate renewables, enhance resilience, and cut costs, with smart electrification of transport and heating offering significant potential. This study surveyed 480 smart tariffs across Europe and found a threefold increase since 2021/2022. The analysis revealed a complex relationship between the availability of smart tariffs and the market penetration of electric vehicles (EVs), heat pumps, and smart metres. High EV adoption strongly correlates with more tariffs, but the relationship with heat pumps and smart metres is less direct. Dynamic pricing prevails in the market, with 304 tariffs, while local grid signals are underused, appearing in just 34 tariffs.

欧洲能源系统越来越需要灵活性，以整合可再生能源、增强弹性和降低成本，交通和供暖的智能电气化提供了巨大的潜力。这项研究调查了欧洲480项智能关税，发现自2021/2022年以来，智能关税增长了三倍。分析显示，智能电价的可用性与电动汽车（ev）、热泵和智能电表的市场渗透率之间存在复杂关系。电动汽车的高采用率与更高的关税密切相关，但与热泵和智能电表的关系不那么直接。动态定价在市场上盛行，有304个资费，而本地电网信号未得到充分利用，仅出现在34个资费中。

引用次数: 0