T. Makazlieva, O. Vaskova, Aleksandra Nikolovska, V. Stefanovska
Background: The most common thyroid tumors originate from the epithelial follicular cells. Etiology involved in the development of thyroid carcinoma is multifactorial, including external influences and genetic predisposition. Aim: The objective of our study was to analyze the distribution of the histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma during 1999- 2015 year period, to evaluate papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio and to compare thyroid carcinoma types with the data from prior epidemiological study referring to the period from 1966 -1988. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed. The trend for thyroid carcinoma cases was evaluated in the time period of 50 years. Percentages of different histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma were presented and papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio was calculated for the two evaluated periods. Results: A total number of 422 thyroid carcinoma patients were diagnosed in the 1999-2015 year period vs. 323 patients in the period from 1966-1988. Analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma during 1999-2015 year period, but statistically significant difference was detected between the two analyzed periods with a significant increase of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio (from 3.1 to 7.3), and a significant reduction of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas cases in the more recent evaluated period (1999-2015). Conclusion: The analysis of the fifty-year-period in population of North Macedonia showed an increase in number of thyroid carcinoma cases, especially papillary and reduction of follicular thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas cases. Further, genetic profiling studies could be useful in evaluating possible mechanisms behind this shift in histopathology of the thyroid carcinomas.
{"title":"Distribution of histopathological types of thyroid tumors in 1999-2015 compared to 1966-1988 year period","authors":"T. Makazlieva, O. Vaskova, Aleksandra Nikolovska, V. Stefanovska","doi":"10.2298/aoo190402005m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/aoo190402005m","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most common thyroid tumors originate from the epithelial follicular cells. Etiology involved in the development of thyroid carcinoma is multifactorial, including external influences and genetic predisposition. Aim: The objective of our study was to analyze the distribution of the histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma during 1999- 2015 year period, to evaluate papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio and to compare thyroid carcinoma types with the data from prior epidemiological study referring to the period from 1966 -1988. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed. The trend for thyroid carcinoma cases was evaluated in the time period of 50 years. Percentages of different histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma were presented and papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio was calculated for the two evaluated periods. Results: A total number of 422 thyroid carcinoma patients were diagnosed in the 1999-2015 year period vs. 323 patients in the period from 1966-1988. Analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma during 1999-2015 year period, but statistically significant difference was detected between the two analyzed periods with a significant increase of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio (from 3.1 to 7.3), and a significant reduction of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas cases in the more recent evaluated period (1999-2015). Conclusion: The analysis of the fifty-year-period in population of North Macedonia showed an increase in number of thyroid carcinoma cases, especially papillary and reduction of follicular thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas cases. Further, genetic profiling studies could be useful in evaluating possible mechanisms behind this shift in histopathology of the thyroid carcinomas.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has become increasingly more used as a treatment modality for solid organ tumors. Nivolumab, anti-PD-1 and Ipilimumab, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies are checkpoint inhibitors with well described immune related toxicities. Immune specific neurotoxicity is rare and not well elucidated in literature. We present a case of severe autoimmune encephalitis in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with both Nivolumab and Ipilimumab. A 53-year-old man with metastatic renal cell carcinoma presented due to visual and auditory hallucinations of sudden onset, confusion and weakness. Initial imaging and diagnostic workup did not demonstrate a clear source. However, a neurological etiology was suspected. It was concluded that the patient had autoimmune encephalitis induced by dual check point inhibitor therapy. This was further strengthened by his rapid response to systemic corticosteroid therapy. We present a summary of this case and its management and a review of literature on dual checkpoint inhibitor induced neurological adverse effects.
{"title":"Dual checkpoint inhibitor induced autoimmune encephalitis","authors":"Natalie Elkayam, Shaurya Sharma","doi":"10.2298/AOO181230003E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO181230003E","url":null,"abstract":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has become increasingly more used as a treatment modality for solid organ tumors. Nivolumab, anti-PD-1 and Ipilimumab, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies are checkpoint inhibitors with well described immune related toxicities. Immune specific neurotoxicity is rare and not well elucidated in literature. We present a case of severe autoimmune encephalitis in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with both Nivolumab and Ipilimumab. A 53-year-old man with metastatic renal cell carcinoma presented due to visual and auditory hallucinations of sudden onset, confusion and weakness. Initial imaging and diagnostic workup did not demonstrate a clear source. However, a neurological etiology was suspected. It was concluded that the patient had autoimmune encephalitis induced by dual check point inhibitor therapy. This was further strengthened by his rapid response to systemic corticosteroid therapy. We present a summary of this case and its management and a review of literature on dual checkpoint inhibitor induced neurological adverse effects.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68403015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Groover, R. Kaul, E. S. Johnston, D. Zhao, A. Karippot, P. Thirunavukarasu
Objectives: Serum carcinoembryonic antigen is a tumor marker often found to be elevated in colorectal cancer patients. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen has been strongly associated with poor prognosis. However, little is known about the patient and tumor characteristics between carcinoembryonic antigen-secreting and non-secreting tumors. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients (N=164,187) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2014. All patients were designated as having either positive/elevated (C1) or negative/normal (C0) pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen level. Results: Of the 164,187 patients, 68,833 (57.0%) had available carcinoembryonic antigen information, and 33,412 (48.5%) had positive/elevated (C1) antigen levels. Median age was 65 years, and 36,464 (53.0%) were male. Patients with C1 cancers were more likely to be female (Odds ratio 1.06), black (Odds ratio 1.62), separated or never married (Odds ratios 1.50 and 1.49, respectively), higher grade (Odds ratios 1.35, 1.64, and 1.72 of moderately, poorly, and undifferentiated cancers, respectively), and of signet ring cell histology (Odds ratio 1.47) compared to males, whites, married participants, well differentiated grade, and adenocarcinoma histology respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that non-Caucasian race, female gender, unmarried status, distal to sigmoid colon location, increasing tumor invasion beyond muscular layer, increasing nodal involvement, and presence of metastases were independent factors associated with the C1 diagnosis. Conclusions: About half of all colorectal adenocarcinomas are associated with elevated pre-treatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Our study is the first nationwide population-based study quantifying the prevalence of serum carcinoembryonic antigen elevation in the colorectal cancer population, and identifying patient and tumor characteristics associated with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen.
{"title":"Characteristics of carcinoembryonic antigen-producing colorectal cancers: A population based study","authors":"Sarah Groover, R. Kaul, E. S. Johnston, D. Zhao, A. Karippot, P. Thirunavukarasu","doi":"10.2298/AOO181029007G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO181029007G","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Serum carcinoembryonic antigen is a tumor marker often found to be elevated in colorectal cancer patients. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen has been strongly associated with poor prognosis. However, little is known about the patient and tumor characteristics between carcinoembryonic antigen-secreting and non-secreting tumors. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients (N=164,187) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma from 2010 to 2014. All patients were designated as having either positive/elevated (C1) or negative/normal (C0) pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen level. Results: Of the 164,187 patients, 68,833 (57.0%) had available carcinoembryonic antigen information, and 33,412 (48.5%) had positive/elevated (C1) antigen levels. Median age was 65 years, and 36,464 (53.0%) were male. Patients with C1 cancers were more likely to be female (Odds ratio 1.06), black (Odds ratio 1.62), separated or never married (Odds ratios 1.50 and 1.49, respectively), higher grade (Odds ratios 1.35, 1.64, and 1.72 of moderately, poorly, and undifferentiated cancers, respectively), and of signet ring cell histology (Odds ratio 1.47) compared to males, whites, married participants, well differentiated grade, and adenocarcinoma histology respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that non-Caucasian race, female gender, unmarried status, distal to sigmoid colon location, increasing tumor invasion beyond muscular layer, increasing nodal involvement, and presence of metastases were independent factors associated with the C1 diagnosis. Conclusions: About half of all colorectal adenocarcinomas are associated with elevated pre-treatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Our study is the first nationwide population-based study quantifying the prevalence of serum carcinoembryonic antigen elevation in the colorectal cancer population, and identifying patient and tumor characteristics associated with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Agarwal, P. Pandey, M. Ralli, V. Chaturvedi, K. Mittal, Shailendra Singh
Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is frequently administered to patients with breast carcinoma. Response to chemotherapeutic regime can be assessed clinically as well as by pathological examination of the breast tissue. It is essential to accurately categorize the patients with residual disease according to the standard guidelines for pathological evaluation of breast specimens after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The present study was undertaken to assess the histomorphological changes in mastectomy specimens and axillary lymphatic nodes of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, grade the pathological response using Sataloff system and to compare the clinical and pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Present prospective study included a total of 31 patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma, diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified on biopsy specimen and subsequently treated with 2 to 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was assessed in breast and axillary lymphatic nodes according to Sataloff criteria. Results: Clinical response observed was complete (cCR) in four cases (12.9%), partial response (cPR) in 24 cases (77.4%), and no response (cNR) in three cases (9.7%). Based on tumor response, breast and lymph nodes were graded as pathological complete response (pCR), pathological partial response (pPR), and pathological no response (pNR) in five (16.1%), 18 (58.1%) and eight (25.8%) cases respectively using Sataloff criteria. Ductal carcinoma in situ and lymphovascular invasion were seen in 11 (35.4%) and 16 cases (51.6%), respectively. Conclusion: The pathological assessment of tumor response remains the gold standard, as neither the clinical nor the radiological responses are sensitive predictors of tumor response after treatment. However pathological examination is quite challenging and demands sufficient experience along with detailed clinical and radiological data of pre- and postoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy for precise response evaluation.
{"title":"Assessment of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast carcinoma using Sataloff system","authors":"S. Agarwal, P. Pandey, M. Ralli, V. Chaturvedi, K. Mittal, Shailendra Singh","doi":"10.2298/AOO190128001A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO190128001A","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is frequently administered to patients with breast carcinoma. Response to chemotherapeutic regime can be assessed clinically as well as by pathological examination of the breast tissue. It is essential to accurately categorize the patients with residual disease according to the standard guidelines for pathological evaluation of breast specimens after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The present study was undertaken to assess the histomorphological changes in mastectomy specimens and axillary lymphatic nodes of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, grade the pathological response using Sataloff system and to compare the clinical and pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Present prospective study included a total of 31 patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma, diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified on biopsy specimen and subsequently treated with 2 to 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was assessed in breast and axillary lymphatic nodes according to Sataloff criteria. Results: Clinical response observed was complete (cCR) in four cases (12.9%), partial response (cPR) in 24 cases (77.4%), and no response (cNR) in three cases (9.7%). Based on tumor response, breast and lymph nodes were graded as pathological complete response (pCR), pathological partial response (pPR), and pathological no response (pNR) in five (16.1%), 18 (58.1%) and eight (25.8%) cases respectively using Sataloff criteria. Ductal carcinoma in situ and lymphovascular invasion were seen in 11 (35.4%) and 16 cases (51.6%), respectively. Conclusion: The pathological assessment of tumor response remains the gold standard, as neither the clinical nor the radiological responses are sensitive predictors of tumor response after treatment. However pathological examination is quite challenging and demands sufficient experience along with detailed clinical and radiological data of pre- and postoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy for precise response evaluation.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68403057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Selaković, M. Ranisavljevic, Z. Radovanovic, F. Vicko, D. Lukić, Mladen Ðuric
Purpose: Purpose of this study was to evaluate early complications and risk factors associated with nipple sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. Methods: This retrospective study was made using data from 246 breast cancer patients treated at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina in the period from January 2010 to December 2015. In all patients nipple sparing mastectomy was performed along with primary breast reconstruction. Results: The mean indication for nipple sparing mastectomy was multicentricity of the tumor (114 patients; 46.3%). The majority of surgically treated patients were in stage II of the disease. The total percentage of local relapses after the nipple sparing mastectomy was 1.6% (4 patients). Total percentage of early complications was 15% (37 patients). Median follow-up after nipple sparing mastectomy was 260 weeks (ranging from 417 to 104 weeks). Conclusion: Primary reconstruction of the breasts using heterologous implants is standard surgical procedure for breast cancer that does not lead to increased number of complications, nor to increased percentage of the local recurrence.
{"title":"Early postoperative complications and local relapses after nipple sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using silicone implants","authors":"V. Selaković, M. Ranisavljevic, Z. Radovanovic, F. Vicko, D. Lukić, Mladen Ðuric","doi":"10.2298/AOO180701008S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO180701008S","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Purpose of this study was to evaluate early complications and risk factors associated with nipple sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. Methods: This retrospective study was made using data from 246 breast cancer patients treated at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina in the period from January 2010 to December 2015. In all patients nipple sparing mastectomy was performed along with primary breast reconstruction. Results: The mean indication for nipple sparing mastectomy was multicentricity of the tumor (114 patients; 46.3%). The majority of surgically treated patients were in stage II of the disease. The total percentage of local relapses after the nipple sparing mastectomy was 1.6% (4 patients). Total percentage of early complications was 15% (37 patients). Median follow-up after nipple sparing mastectomy was 260 weeks (ranging from 417 to 104 weeks). Conclusion: Primary reconstruction of the breasts using heterologous implants is standard surgical procedure for breast cancer that does not lead to increased number of complications, nor to increased percentage of the local recurrence.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"213 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glynn Buchanan Dale, Mohamed Gamieldien Yasin, S. Tredoux, A. Uys, Nicolaas Swanepoel Jacobus
For the treatment of head and neck cancers radiotherapy is frequently and successfully performed by medical specialists. However, a number of complications may occur following such therapy. Many of these complications are diagnosed and treated primarily by dental practitioners and specialists. Whilst some are easily managed, others, such as osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, may be very difficult to treat and have a significant impact on a patient?s quality of life. The following report documents a case where several complications occurred following radiotherapy. Comprehensive dental assessment and treatment prior to, during and after radiotherapy may lead to a reduction of complications. Greater cooperation and understanding between medical and dental professionals is required during radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients.
{"title":"Complications of head and neck radiotherapy: A dental perspective","authors":"Glynn Buchanan Dale, Mohamed Gamieldien Yasin, S. Tredoux, A. Uys, Nicolaas Swanepoel Jacobus","doi":"10.2298/AOO190320002B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO190320002B","url":null,"abstract":"For the treatment of head and neck cancers radiotherapy is frequently and successfully performed by medical specialists. However, a number of complications may occur following such therapy. Many of these complications are diagnosed and treated primarily by dental practitioners and specialists. Whilst some are easily managed, others, such as osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, may be very difficult to treat and have a significant impact on a patient?s quality of life. The following report documents a case where several complications occurred following radiotherapy. Comprehensive dental assessment and treatment prior to, during and after radiotherapy may lead to a reduction of complications. Greater cooperation and understanding between medical and dental professionals is required during radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68403079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Vahedian, Mohammad Babaei Reza, Alireza Zare', A. Almasi, Seyyed Ahmadi Amir, Omid Hadizadeh
Cholangiocarcinoma, malignant tumor of epithelial cells of bile ducts has poor overall survival and prognosis. We report a case of non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma with a 57-month survival after incomplete R2 surgical margin resection of the tumor. A 52-year old man with generalized itching, jaundice, brownish urine, mild abdominal pain and weight loss of 8 kg in last two months presented. Imaging and surgical workups showed hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor). Along with incomplete R2 margin resection we performed stent embedding and post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy. Based on current literature data there is no superiority of adjuvant chemotherapy after complete R0 resection compared to incomplete R2 resection. However, it seems that partial resection along with stent embedding and applied adjuvant chemotherapy in cases of locally advanced non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma may increase survival rate.
{"title":"Long-term survival of a patient with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor): A case report and review on high level evidence","authors":"J. Vahedian, Mohammad Babaei Reza, Alireza Zare', A. Almasi, Seyyed Ahmadi Amir, Omid Hadizadeh","doi":"10.2298/AOO190220004V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO190220004V","url":null,"abstract":"Cholangiocarcinoma, malignant tumor of epithelial cells of bile ducts has poor overall survival and prognosis. We report a case of non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma with a 57-month survival after incomplete R2 surgical margin resection of the tumor. A 52-year old man with generalized itching, jaundice, brownish urine, mild abdominal pain and weight loss of 8 kg in last two months presented. Imaging and surgical workups showed hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor). Along with incomplete R2 margin resection we performed stent embedding and post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy. Based on current literature data there is no superiority of adjuvant chemotherapy after complete R0 resection compared to incomplete R2 resection. However, it seems that partial resection along with stent embedding and applied adjuvant chemotherapy in cases of locally advanced non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma may increase survival rate.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68403069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Tegeltija, Milorad Bijelović, G. Samardzija, Tijana Vasiljevic
that was successfully removed using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
通过视频胸腔镜手术成功摘除。
{"title":"Symptomatic pleural lipoma: Case report","authors":"D. Tegeltija, Milorad Bijelović, G. Samardzija, Tijana Vasiljevic","doi":"10.2298/aoo180617006t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/aoo180617006t","url":null,"abstract":"that was successfully removed using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"24 1","pages":"24-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2007. The patients were grouped into four age groups: 0-25, 25-50, 50-75 and above 75 years. Tumors were classified into grades I, II, III according to cellular differentiation which is equivalent to well, moderately and poorly differentiated tumors. Clinicopathological data as well as age, gender, areca nut and betel quid intake history and location were obtained in each case. of northern India.
{"title":"Cyclin D1 expression of different histological grades in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients from northern India","authors":"Manzoor Ahmad, Ayaz Mahmood","doi":"10.2298/AOO180312001G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO180312001G","url":null,"abstract":"2007. The patients were grouped into four age groups: 0-25, 25-50, 50-75 and above 75 years. Tumors were classified into grades I, II, III according to cellular differentiation which is equivalent to well, moderately and poorly differentiated tumors. Clinicopathological data as well as age, gender, areca nut and betel quid intake history and location were obtained in each case. of northern India.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"24 1","pages":"6-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Liubota, V. Cheshuk, O. Zotov, R. Vereshchako, M. Anikusko, I. Liubota, V. Gur'yanov
Received 2018-02-09 Accepted 2018-06-23 INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most spread cancers among women worldwide. In 2012 breast cancer incidence was 43.3 per 100 000 in female population, with 1 676 633 new registered cases along with 521 907 deaths from this disease in the world. This accounts for 25.2% of cases and 14.7% of deaths among all cancers in women (1). According to the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, in 2012 there were 17407 new breast cancer cases and 7727 deaths. This accounts for 19.6% of cases and 20.2% of deaths among all cancers in women in Ukraine. In Ukraine, breast cancer incidence increased from 38.6 cases per 100 000 in female population in 2006 to 41.4 cases in 2011. However, the death rate from breast cancer seems to have a tendency to decrease from 7826 cases in 2006 to 7727 in 2011, or 20.3% (2006) and 20.2% (2011) of the death cases among all cancers in the female population (2, 3). In 2005, in connection with the overall mortality rate the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) defined metabolic syndrome (MS) as one of the main problems of modern medicine. Prevalence of MS has reached pandemic proportions. In developed countries MS was found in 25-35% of the population and in all age groups. This value increased with age and reached 42-43.5% in the age group above 60 years old (4). A number of epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies proved that the metabolic abnormalities, associated with MS, increase the risk of breast cancer and worsen its prognosis. For example, in MS patients decreased sensitivity of the tumor to systemic anticancer therapy, increased rate of postoperative complications as well as reduced overall and disease-free survival compared to patients without MS was reported (5-8). In addition, some drugs that are used in systemic anticancer therapy of breast cancer increase insulin resistance the main pathogenetic link of MS. Specifically, dexamethasone, which is commonly used in breast cancer chemotherapy, causes hyperglycemia. In menopausal women with obesity tamoxifen reduced insulin sensitivity by almost seven fold and increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to women who did not intake tamoxifen (9,10). Experimental studies have found that anti-tumor effect of metformin is associated with activation of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), which plays a key role in the cell energy balance. Activation of AMPK leads to inhibition of anabolic processes depression of neoglucogenesis in hepatocytes and lipolysis in adipocytes, protein synthesis reduction by inhibiting mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), and launching of catabolic processes in the cell (increased glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation), arrest of the cell cycle in G0/G1-phase and the stimulation of the p53-dependent cell autophagy (11, 12). Furthermore, metformin can directly (without AMPK activation) block protein mTOR, which stimulates the biosynthesis of proteins and promotes cell growth an
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