The interjection was recognised as a part of speech by the Latin grammarians, replacing the lack of the article class in the Greek system and maintaining the eight parts of speech. However, it is noteworthy that the definition of interjection among the different scholars and grammarians is not stable and wavers between the need to identify its role as a part of speech – whether it was an adverb or not – and its pragmatic function, identifying to what extent it was connected to emotions. The scholarly discussion over the interjection entangled and disentangled itself during the centuries, and its theoretical status has been verified in the present paper, which shows how the classical and non-classical evidence reconnects this part of speech to its most rhetorical function. This paper delves into this debate, focusing on the interjection heu and providing a history of the interjection, covering the classical period and the Middle Ages, according to the linguistic perspective and highlighting how Latin grammarians considered it in their linguistic framework.
{"title":"Expressing pain from the Antiquities to the Middle Ages: Heu as a part of speech","authors":"Francesca Cotugno","doi":"10.1556/068.2023.00068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2023.00068","url":null,"abstract":"The interjection was recognised as a part of speech by the Latin grammarians, replacing the lack of the article class in the Greek system and maintaining the eight parts of speech. However, it is noteworthy that the definition of interjection among the different scholars and grammarians is not stable and wavers between the need to identify its role as a part of speech – whether it was an adverb or not – and its pragmatic function, identifying to what extent it was connected to emotions. The scholarly discussion over the interjection entangled and disentangled itself during the centuries, and its theoretical status has been verified in the present paper, which shows how the classical and non-classical evidence reconnects this part of speech to its most rhetorical function. This paper delves into this debate, focusing on the interjection heu and providing a history of the interjection, covering the classical period and the Middle Ages, according to the linguistic perspective and highlighting how Latin grammarians considered it in their linguistic framework.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47338129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vorwort","authors":"László Horváth","doi":"10.1556/068.2023.00079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2023.00079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136316215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geleitwort","authors":"Peter Schreiner","doi":"10.1556/068.2023.00083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2023.00083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the stratigraphic analysis of MS Vat. Gr. 2072, the oldest manuscript of the hagiographical works of the Jerusalem patriarch Orestes (the Life of Sabas the Younger and the Lives of Christopher and Macarius), this article focuses on the complex genesis of these hagiographies in the context of Orestes' biography, as well as in the broader framework of the relationship between Constantinople, the Caliphate, the Papacy, and Ottonian Rome in the 10th and 11th centuries.
{"title":"La Vie de Sabas le Jeune et la Vie de Christophe et Macaire par Oreste de Jérusalem •","authors":"Annick Peters-Custot, Filippo Ronconi","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00071","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the stratigraphic analysis of MS Vat. Gr. 2072, the oldest manuscript of the hagiographical works of the Jerusalem patriarch Orestes (the Life of Sabas the Younger and the Lives of Christopher and Macarius), this article focuses on the complex genesis of these hagiographies in the context of Orestes' biography, as well as in the broader framework of the relationship between Constantinople, the Caliphate, the Papacy, and Ottonian Rome in the 10th and 11th centuries.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45062601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study analyzes the transformation of the vowel system and especially the process of vowel mergers based on the Latin inscriptions of the Gallic and Germanic provinces. With the help of the Computerized Historical Linguistic Database of the Latin Inscriptions of the Imperial Age (http://lldb.elte.hu/), it tries to draw and then compare the phonological profiles of the selected provinces and to describe the dialectal position of Gaul and the Germanic provinces regarding vocalism in three periods (AD 1–300, 301–500 and 501–700). The analysis, which also covers comparisons with certain provinces of Italy, Spain and Dalmatia, is carried out considering four aspects: the ratio of vocalic versus consonantal changes, the ratio of vowel mergers compared to vocalic changes, the ratio of e-i and o-u mergers compared to each other, and the ratio of vowel mergers by stressed and unstressed syllable. As a result of the present study, it was revealed that Gallic provinces cannot be treated as a unit or as clearly separate from the other areas studied according to either aspect of the study, especially not in the early, pre-Christian period. Gallic provinces appear to behave in the same or a levelled manner at most in the later and/or latest periods. The Germanic provinces, especially Germania Superior, have, albeit with some delay, adapted to the Gallic provinces in their late development. The present study, which continued József Herman's research, managed to explore the hitherto little-known linguistic and dialectological features of Latin in the Gallic and Germanic provinces.
{"title":"The transformation of the vowel system in Gallic Latin as evidenced in inscriptions and the problem of dialectal positioning of Roman Gaul","authors":"B. Adamik","doi":"10.1556/068.2023.00059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2023.00059","url":null,"abstract":"The present study analyzes the transformation of the vowel system and especially the process of vowel mergers based on the Latin inscriptions of the Gallic and Germanic provinces. With the help of the Computerized Historical Linguistic Database of the Latin Inscriptions of the Imperial Age (http://lldb.elte.hu/), it tries to draw and then compare the phonological profiles of the selected provinces and to describe the dialectal position of Gaul and the Germanic provinces regarding vocalism in three periods (AD 1–300, 301–500 and 501–700). The analysis, which also covers comparisons with certain provinces of Italy, Spain and Dalmatia, is carried out considering four aspects: the ratio of vocalic versus consonantal changes, the ratio of vowel mergers compared to vocalic changes, the ratio of e-i and o-u mergers compared to each other, and the ratio of vowel mergers by stressed and unstressed syllable. As a result of the present study, it was revealed that Gallic provinces cannot be treated as a unit or as clearly separate from the other areas studied according to either aspect of the study, especially not in the early, pre-Christian period. Gallic provinces appear to behave in the same or a levelled manner at most in the later and/or latest periods. The Germanic provinces, especially Germania Superior, have, albeit with some delay, adapted to the Gallic provinces in their late development. The present study, which continued József Herman's research, managed to explore the hitherto little-known linguistic and dialectological features of Latin in the Gallic and Germanic provinces.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44080135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main goal of this paper is to provide a preliminary examination of the vulgar Latin grammatical gender system. The inscriptional evidence is studied closely to achieve this goal, this way the broad structure of the loss of the neuter can be observed and previously unknown dialectical differences can be discovered. Having done this groundwork further studies can investigate this material more thoroughly, and with a better understanding of the general features.
{"title":"Preliminary examination of the Latin neuter on inscriptions","authors":"Béla Szlovicsák","doi":"10.1556/068.2023.00078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2023.00078","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this paper is to provide a preliminary examination of the vulgar Latin grammatical gender system. The inscriptional evidence is studied closely to achieve this goal, this way the broad structure of the loss of the neuter can be observed and previously unknown dialectical differences can be discovered. Having done this groundwork further studies can investigate this material more thoroughly, and with a better understanding of the general features.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49656268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the aberrant usages of grapheme in the Latin inscriptions of the province Hispania. The analyzed corpus includes cases in which both upsilon is replaced by means of , or and cases in which, conversely, replaces , or other spellings within either Hellenic or non-Hellenic words. The situation attested in the Iberian Peninsula is in line with the general situation of the Roman Empire, with Hispania belonging to the group of provinces in which I-spellings prevailed over V-spellings already in the Early Period (1st–3rd c. AD).
{"title":"Upsilon in the Latin inscriptions of Hispania","authors":"Silvia Tantimonaco","doi":"10.1556/068.2023.00064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2023.00064","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the aberrant usages of grapheme in the Latin inscriptions of the province Hispania. The analyzed corpus includes cases in which both upsilon is replaced by means of , or and cases in which, conversely, replaces , or other spellings within either Hellenic or non-Hellenic words. The situation attested in the Iberian Peninsula is in line with the general situation of the Roman Empire, with Hispania belonging to the group of provinces in which I-spellings prevailed over V-spellings already in the Early Period (1st–3rd c. AD).","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44252029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amor plays a curious and complicated role in the Augustan regime, and especially in Augustus's secret plans to create a monarchy, for on the one hand the princeps wished to regulate love for all citizens – allegedly for the common weal – but on the other hand he had little success in forcing his relatives to love and marry one another with often disastrous and adulterous consequences that threw overboard several plans for the succession. Augustus compelled Tiberius to divorce Vipsania Minor to marry Julia with the allure of the throne, and Tiberius sold his soul for power. But Tiberius found it impossible to love Julia and after their only child died, he separated from her. In contrast, Drusus must have refused to divorce Antonia but still turned out to be Augustus's preferred step-son, not to mention the hero of the nation.The Senate voted to build the Ara Pacis Augustae on 4 July 13 BC in the consulship of Tiberius and Varus, and the inauguration proclaiming the successes of the Augustan regime in restoring peace and prosperity to the Roman people, occurred on 30 Jan. 9 BC in the consulship of Drusus and Quinctius Crispinus. Although several married couples appear on the Ara Pacis together, it is Drusus and Antonia who show the love between husband and wife, which Augustus later tried very hard to legislate, not that of Julia and Agrippa nor of Tiberius and Vipsania, and certainly not of Augustus and Livia, who appear separately. Val. Max. 4.3.3 says that Drusus loved his wife so much he never had sex with other women! This already famous story prompted the sculptors of the Ara Pacis to place Drusus and Antonia facing one another, not only as a role model and in deference to Augustus's natalism program, but also to add a touch of humanity to the frieze and to honor the daughter of Octavia and her husband, in whose consular year of office the monument opened.
{"title":"Love and Politics 13–9 BC: The Loves of Tiberius and of Drusus and their Wives on the Ara Pacis Augustae","authors":"Gaius Stern","doi":"10.1556/068.2023.00038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2023.00038","url":null,"abstract":"Amor plays a curious and complicated role in the Augustan regime, and especially in Augustus's secret plans to create a monarchy, for on the one hand the princeps wished to regulate love for all citizens – allegedly for the common weal – but on the other hand he had little success in forcing his relatives to love and marry one another with often disastrous and adulterous consequences that threw overboard several plans for the succession. Augustus compelled Tiberius to divorce Vipsania Minor to marry Julia with the allure of the throne, and Tiberius sold his soul for power. But Tiberius found it impossible to love Julia and after their only child died, he separated from her. In contrast, Drusus must have refused to divorce Antonia but still turned out to be Augustus's preferred step-son, not to mention the hero of the nation.The Senate voted to build the Ara Pacis Augustae on 4 July 13 BC in the consulship of Tiberius and Varus, and the inauguration proclaiming the successes of the Augustan regime in restoring peace and prosperity to the Roman people, occurred on 30 Jan. 9 BC in the consulship of Drusus and Quinctius Crispinus. Although several married couples appear on the Ara Pacis together, it is Drusus and Antonia who show the love between husband and wife, which Augustus later tried very hard to legislate, not that of Julia and Agrippa nor of Tiberius and Vipsania, and certainly not of Augustus and Livia, who appear separately. Val. Max. 4.3.3 says that Drusus loved his wife so much he never had sex with other women! This already famous story prompted the sculptors of the Ara Pacis to place Drusus and Antonia facing one another, not only as a role model and in deference to Augustus's natalism program, but also to add a touch of humanity to the frieze and to honor the daughter of Octavia and her husband, in whose consular year of office the monument opened.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48865327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes an analysis of the reasons and circumstances that led Charles I of Anjou, after the conquest of the Kingdom of Sicily, to also acquire lands beyond the Adriatic, in Epirus and Albania, and how these territories were managed under the Angevin rule. The initiative in the Balkans aimed to ensure greater security and stability in the Kingdom of Sicily and to recover the legacy of the predecessors of the new King. The study of archival sources, produced by the administration of the Kingdom, offers a distinctly different point of view from literary sources and allows such an interpretation of the facts.
{"title":"Acquisire e amministrare oltreadriatico: l’Epiro e l’Albania angioini sotto Carlo I d’Angiò","authors":"Gian Luca Borghese","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00052","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an analysis of the reasons and circumstances that led Charles I of Anjou, after the conquest of the Kingdom of Sicily, to also acquire lands beyond the Adriatic, in Epirus and Albania, and how these territories were managed under the Angevin rule. The initiative in the Balkans aimed to ensure greater security and stability in the Kingdom of Sicily and to recover the legacy of the predecessors of the new King. The study of archival sources, produced by the administration of the Kingdom, offers a distinctly different point of view from literary sources and allows such an interpretation of the facts.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49551397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the first, mostly fictitious part of his Myreur des histors Jean d’Outremeuse tells the story of the origins of the Franks combining the two traditional narratives, that of the Chronicle of Pseudo-Fredegarius, and that of the Liber historiae francorum. In his text Gaulois and Sicambrins, both descending from Trojan refugees, are united after some conflict as the same people, ancestors of the French. Instead of locating Sicambria to Hungary as some of his comtemporaries do, he is attributing to a secondary but significant role to Hungary as a colony and rival of Danemark, another important kingdom in his narrative. The article argues that it might be a kind of compensation of putting apart Hungary from the story of Sicambria, and also a consequence of the phonetic closeness of Hongrie (Hungary) and the city of Tongres, which is in the center of the narrative before the foundation of Liège.
{"title":"Sicambria et la Hongrie dans Li Myreur des histors de Jean d’Outremeuse","authors":"Levente Seláf","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00061","url":null,"abstract":"In the first, mostly fictitious part of his Myreur des histors Jean d’Outremeuse tells the story of the origins of the Franks combining the two traditional narratives, that of the Chronicle of Pseudo-Fredegarius, and that of the Liber historiae francorum. In his text Gaulois and Sicambrins, both descending from Trojan refugees, are united after some conflict as the same people, ancestors of the French. Instead of locating Sicambria to Hungary as some of his comtemporaries do, he is attributing to a secondary but significant role to Hungary as a colony and rival of Danemark, another important kingdom in his narrative. The article argues that it might be a kind of compensation of putting apart Hungary from the story of Sicambria, and also a consequence of the phonetic closeness of Hongrie (Hungary) and the city of Tongres, which is in the center of the narrative before the foundation of Liège.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46237708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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