Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2023-991-1-2-14
N.A. Bovshin
It was shown in the preceding articles, that the positions of permanent EPN / IGS stations, whose GNSS antennas are placed on buildings or other structures, can have non-geodynamical individual seasonal (with a period of one year), spontaneous (lasting from several days to several weeks) and diurnal variations. It was shown too, that they may be caused by an expanding-contracting effect of the buildings or other stuctures under influence of ambient temperature changes. Typical features of the mentioned effect were displayed through behaviour of some permanent EPN / IGS stations. This paper continues the investigating. A set of EPN stations affected by this effect was shown. Additional features of this effect were found that change the stations` behavior. New situations are revealed in which this effect manifests itself. A way to reduce temperature dependence of stations positions was noted.
{"title":"Investigating the ambient temperature influence on the positions of EPN/IGS stations located on buildings and other structures","authors":"N.A. Bovshin","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2023-991-1-2-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2023-991-1-2-14","url":null,"abstract":"It was shown in the preceding articles, that the positions of permanent EPN / IGS stations, whose GNSS antennas are placed on buildings or other structures, can have non-geodynamical individual seasonal (with a period of one year), spontaneous (lasting from several days to several weeks) and diurnal variations. It was shown too, that they may be caused by an expanding-contracting effect of the buildings or other stuctures under influence of ambient temperature changes. Typical features of the mentioned effect were displayed through behaviour of some permanent EPN / IGS stations. This paper continues the investigating. A set of EPN stations affected by this effect was shown. Additional features of this effect were found that change the stations` behavior. New situations are revealed in which this effect manifests itself. A way to reduce temperature dependence of stations positions was noted.","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134905346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-22-30
О.P. Yakimova, T.A. Teterin
Line generalization is an essential data processing operation in geographic information systems and cartography. Many point reduction and simplification algorithms have been developed for this purpose. In 2020 a multi-scale representation model of polyline based on a Fourier descriptor was proposed. The authors present a comparative study of such an algorithm and several simplification ones (Douglas – Peucker, Visvalingham – Whyatt, Li – Openshaw, sleeve-fitting), with different criteria for vertex elimination. A brief description of each method involved in the comparison and a more detailed one for that based on the Fourier descriptor is provided. Generalization quality evaluations characterizing the accuracy of the location and geographical plausibility of the line are discussed. Three coastlines of 1
线概化是地理信息系统和地图学中必不可少的数据处理操作。为此开发了许多点缩减和简化算法。2020年提出了一种基于傅里叶描述子的多尺度折线表示模型。作者给出了这种算法和几种简化算法(Douglas - Peucker, Visvalingham - Whyatt, Li - Openshaw，袖拟合)的比较研究，这些算法具有不同的顶点消除准则。简要介绍了比较中涉及的每种方法，并提供了基于傅里叶描述符的更详细的方法。讨论了线路定位精度和地理合理性的综合质量评价。3条海岸线
{"title":"A comparative study of an algorithm based on the Fourier descriptor with those on geometric criteria","authors":"О.P. Yakimova, T.A. Teterin","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-22-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-22-30","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Line generalization is an essential data processing operation in geographic information systems and cartography. Many point reduction and simplification algorithms have been developed for this purpose. In 2020 a multi-scale representation model of polyline based on a Fourier descriptor was proposed. The authors present a comparative study of such an algorithm and several simplification ones (Douglas – Peucker, Visvalingham – Whyatt, Li – Openshaw, sleeve-fitting), with different criteria for vertex elimination. A brief description of each method involved in the comparison and a more detailed one for that based on the Fourier descriptor is provided. Generalization quality evaluations characterizing the accuracy of the location and geographical plausibility of the line are discussed. Three coastlines of 1\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44653575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-31-39
A. Cherkasov, R. K. Makhmudov
The atlas information system "Population of the Stavropol Krai" was prepared by the research team of the North Caucasus Federal University Earth Sciences Institute as part of implementing fundamental scientific exploring of the Russian Science Foundation. The System was created to provide analytical support for making management decisions in the field of strategic and spatial planning of the territory and updating the programs of higher education. The main stages and features of the AIS preparation, including the choice of software, determining the scale of mapping, creating a database, determining the set of maps and GIS models to be prepared, its structure is also presented in the form of a conceptual diagram and described in detail in this article. The framework structurally consists of 5 thematic sections
{"title":"Atlas information system \"Population of the Stavropol Krai\"","authors":"A. Cherkasov, R. K. Makhmudov","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-31-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-31-39","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The atlas information system \"Population of the Stavropol Krai\" was prepared by the research team of the North Caucasus Federal University Earth Sciences Institute as part of implementing fundamental scientific exploring of the Russian Science Foundation. The System was created to provide analytical support for making management decisions in the field of strategic and spatial planning of the territory and updating the programs of higher education. The main stages and features of the AIS preparation, including the choice of software, determining the scale of mapping, creating a database, determining the set of maps and GIS models to be prepared, its structure is also presented in the form of a conceptual diagram and described in detail in this article. The framework structurally consists of 5 thematic sections\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47246162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-49-56
N. Vasiliev, M. Vagizov
Two ways of rendering a regular terrain elevation grid using WebGL are considered
考虑了使用WebGL呈现规则地形高程网格的两种方法
{"title":"Rendering a regular grid of terrain elevations using WebGL and natural triangulation","authors":"N. Vasiliev, M. Vagizov","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-49-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-49-56","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Two ways of rendering a regular terrain elevation grid using WebGL are considered\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43831842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-40-48
A. Belousov, V. Bogdanov
The article deals with the technology of creating a digital map of agricultural lands in QGIS in order to form an information base on their state in individual farms. As a result of the conducted research, the authors identified the main stages of creating a digital map, defined key tasks at the stage of spatial reference of raster images and proposed ways to solve them. We developed an algorithm for creating an attribute table using the Python programming language, which enables avoiding errors in the process of filling in the semantic part of the generated information base. The main tools for digitizing raster images are highlighted, and in order to identify mistakes in the process of forming its graphical part, a topological editing module is to be used. The obtained research results can be helpful for the executive authorities of the Russian Federation subjects, local self-government bodies to make decisions in the field of land and property management of a separate entity.
{"title":"Technology for creating a digital map of cultivated land in the territory of agricultural enterprises of the Leningrad oblast using QGIS","authors":"A. Belousov, V. Bogdanov","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-40-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-40-48","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The article deals with the technology of creating a digital map of agricultural lands in QGIS in order to form an information base on their state in individual farms. As a result of the conducted research, the authors identified the main stages of creating a digital map, defined key tasks at the stage of spatial reference of raster images and proposed ways to solve them. We developed an algorithm for creating an attribute table using the Python programming language, which enables avoiding errors in the process of filling in the semantic part of the generated information base. The main tools for digitizing raster images are highlighted, and in order to identify mistakes in the process of forming its graphical part, a topological editing module is to be used. The obtained research results can be helpful for the executive authorities of the Russian Federation subjects, local self-government bodies to make decisions in the field of land and property management of a separate entity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47342189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-2-11
A. Astapovich
The author analyzes the most commonly practiced methods of measuring horizontal angles. Based on the regularity of affecting the results of equalizing calculations at the station by systematic errors, a new method of measuring horizontal angles in all combinations over the entire horizon is justified and proposed. It eliminates constant mistakes and enables presenting the results in the form of independent equally accurate directions amount. The method is of great practical importance for solving a wide range of scientific and practical tasks in all combinations over the entire horizon. In particular it is for metrological testing angle measuring devices in the field; development of high-precision special multipurpose geodetic networks; for designing measurement software with high-precision electronic total stations and theodolites and some other tasks.
{"title":"A method of infallible angular measurements representing the results of independent equally accurate directions` number","authors":"A. Astapovich","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-2-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-2-11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The author analyzes the most commonly practiced methods of measuring horizontal angles. Based on the regularity of affecting the results of equalizing calculations at the station by systematic errors, a new method of measuring horizontal angles in all combinations over the entire horizon is justified and proposed. It eliminates constant mistakes and enables presenting the results in the form of independent equally accurate directions amount. The method is of great practical importance for solving a wide range of scientific and practical tasks in all combinations over the entire horizon. In particular it is for metrological testing angle measuring devices in the field; development of high-precision special multipurpose geodetic networks; for designing measurement software with high-precision electronic total stations and theodolites and some other tasks.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45459859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-57-64
O. Gvozdev, A. Materuhin, A. A. Maiorov
The purpose of the study, the results of which are described in the article, was to improve solving the matter of the geo-fields’ values restoring based on processing high-intensity spatial-temporal data streams received from a highly mobile geo-sensors network. Previously, the authors proposed an original approach to solving this task, which means applying the kernel smoothing methods, the nuclear function for which is determined automatically, using discrete stochastic optimization, in particular, the annealing simulation method. The idea of a new approach proposed by the authors is as follows
{"title":"Restoring the values of geo-fields using a combination of kernel smoothing methods and artificial neural networks models","authors":"O. Gvozdev, A. Materuhin, A. A. Maiorov","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-57-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-57-64","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The purpose of the study, the results of which are described in the article, was to improve solving the matter of the geo-fields’ values restoring based on processing high-intensity spatial-temporal data streams received from a highly mobile geo-sensors network. Previously, the authors proposed an original approach to solving this task, which means applying the kernel smoothing methods, the nuclear function for which is determined automatically, using discrete stochastic optimization, in particular, the annealing simulation method. The idea of a new approach proposed by the authors is as follows\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46597057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-12-21
E. Mazurova, A. Petrov
This is the second of the two articles on the Sagnac effect, one of the main relativistic effects. Its idea is retarding (advancing) signals propagating in opposite directions throughout the perimeter of a rotating disc. In the first article its theoretical substantiation was presented. These calculations make the basis for this paper to be used for describing the effect under real conditions on the surface of the rotating Earth. An optical fiber is to distribute the signal. A relativistic equation is written for a wave propagating in an optical fiber, which is used on the Earth`s surface to synchronize high-precision frequency standards. This formula is analyzed, the level of contributions of various relativistic effects is estimated, and the Sagnac’s is singled out as the main one. A joint consideration of the theoretical foundations and the influence of the phenomenon in applied tasks will be good for solving the matter of synchronizing high-precision frequency standards in a complex way.
{"title":"The Sagnac effect in optic fiber link synchronization of high-precision frequency standards","authors":"E. Mazurova, A. Petrov","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-12-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-990-12-12-21","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This is the second of the two articles on the Sagnac effect, one of the main relativistic effects. Its idea is retarding (advancing) signals propagating in opposite directions throughout the perimeter of a rotating disc. In the first article its theoretical substantiation was presented. These calculations make the basis for this paper to be used for describing the effect under real conditions on the surface of the rotating Earth. An optical fiber is to distribute the signal. A relativistic equation is written for a wave propagating in an optical fiber, which is used on the Earth`s surface to synchronize high-precision frequency standards. This formula is analyzed, the level of contributions of various relativistic effects is estimated, and the Sagnac’s is singled out as the main one. A joint consideration of the theoretical foundations and the influence of the phenomenon in applied tasks will be good for solving the matter of synchronizing high-precision frequency standards in a complex way.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41521627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-989-11-50-63
P. Ukrainsky, Z. Buryak, E. Terekhin
To identify geographical regularities in changing the structure of spatial point patterns, we proposed the use of cartographic visualization. Approaches to gathering initial data, mechanisms for calculating the characteristics of the spatial structure and ways of displaying them on the map are described. The process of mapping combines elements of geoinformatics, spatial statistics and cartography. The elements of the methodology were integrated using the R programming language and the spatstat package. A script was written in the R that enables automating the calculation of the spatial structure’s quantitative characteristics. Thirteen indicators were identified that can be used for cartographic visualization of the spatial point images structure features. The described approach was tested on the example of sparse woody vegetation areas found in the ravine-gully network of the Central Chernozem region.
{"title":"Mapping the structure of spatial point patterns on a regional scale","authors":"P. Ukrainsky, Z. Buryak, E. Terekhin","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-989-11-50-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-989-11-50-63","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000To identify geographical regularities in changing the structure of spatial point patterns, we proposed the use of cartographic visualization. Approaches to gathering initial data, mechanisms for calculating the characteristics of the spatial structure and ways of displaying them on the map are described. The process of mapping combines elements of geoinformatics, spatial statistics and cartography. The elements of the methodology were integrated using the R programming language and the spatstat package. A script was written in the R that enables automating the calculation of the spatial structure’s quantitative characteristics. Thirteen indicators were identified that can be used for cartographic visualization of the spatial point images structure features. The described approach was tested on the example of sparse woody vegetation areas found in the ravine-gully network of the Central Chernozem region.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43967950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2022-989-11-2-11
V. Gordeev, G.G. Shevshenko
The authors present the results of studying the accuracy of determining the horizontal displacements of the deformation mark through the polar method from a spot, whose position, in turn, is defined with a total station by an inverse angular serif or the same linear-angular one to the points of the reference network. The covariance matrices of the deformation mark’s coordinate vector and the surveying point for both serifs are obtained and their elements are studied both with and without taking the errors of the initial data into account. The mentioned point’s position errors obtained through the corresponding elements of the covariance matrix coincided with the control calculations performed using the known formulas of back serifs. At the same time, the value of the deformation mark’s position error is greater than the sum of those of surveying point’s and the polar serif on the deformation mark, due to the influence of errors of the initial directional angle.
{"title":"Investigating the accuracy of determining horizontal displacements at geodetic monitoring through the free stationing method","authors":"V. Gordeev, G.G. Shevshenko","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2022-989-11-2-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-989-11-2-11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The authors present the results of studying the accuracy of determining the horizontal displacements of the deformation mark through the polar method from a spot, whose position, in turn, is defined with a total station by an inverse angular serif or the same linear-angular one to the points of the reference network. The covariance matrices of the deformation mark’s coordinate vector and the surveying point for both serifs are obtained and their elements are studied both with and without taking the errors of the initial data into account. The mentioned point’s position errors obtained through the corresponding elements of the covariance matrix coincided with the control calculations performed using the known formulas of back serifs. At the same time, the value of the deformation mark’s position error is greater than the sum of those of surveying point’s and the polar serif on the deformation mark, due to the influence of errors of the initial directional angle.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35691,"journal":{"name":"Geodeziya i Kartografiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44164725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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