Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000208
S. Hashmi, K. Rai, F. Tanwir, Vikash, I. Ahmed, H. Tayyab, N. Rashid, S.L. Sharif, Sabihuddin Ahmed, Manahil Jeoffrey
Background: Sexually transmitted infections are an ever growing concern in developing countries. In Pakistan it has been an estimated 97,000 (0.1%) reported cases of HIV alone. Dearth of available information has made it difficult to assess the full extent of the STI problem. A reason for this shortage of data has been attributed to lack of awareness and research. This study aimed to evaluate the sexual practices of students in Karachi. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at four colleges in Karachi, Pakistan. College students were included without any restriction of age and gender. Ethical approval was obtained from all institutions. Self-administered questionnaire was used to access the knowledge and practices of students regarding Sexually transmitted diseases. Frequencies and percentage were calculated for each variable. Results: In total 890 university students participated in this study with a response rate of 89%. Overall male participants were 515, while 375 females participated in the study. Almost 30% of the male and 49.6% of the female students knew that there is a vaccine for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) with Male/Female Odds ratio of 0.42( 95% C.I: 1.34-28). However 22.9% of male and 76.5% of female students (M/F OR: 0.29, 95% C.I: 0.34-0.7) believed that the oral sex is as threatening and unsafe as vaginal or anal sex. The most preferred method of contraceptive recognized by the students was condoms (males 14.7 % and females 8.6%, with M/F OR: 1.70, 95% C.I: 0.29-0.67) followed by oral contraceptive pills (males 6.2 %, females 7.7%, M/F OR: 0.80, 95% C.I: 0.72-24.3). Conclusion: Research needs to be undertaken to employ policies at an administrative level to introduce change in the curriculum and rectify related issues in order to conceive better sexual practices in adolescents.
{"title":"University Students Sexual Practices- An Insight Overview","authors":"S. Hashmi, K. Rai, F. Tanwir, Vikash, I. Ahmed, H. Tayyab, N. Rashid, S.L. Sharif, Sabihuddin Ahmed, Manahil Jeoffrey","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sexually transmitted infections are an ever growing concern in developing countries. In Pakistan it has been an estimated 97,000 (0.1%) reported cases of HIV alone. Dearth of available information has made it difficult to assess the full extent of the STI problem. A reason for this shortage of data has been attributed to lack of awareness and research. This study aimed to evaluate the sexual practices of students in Karachi. \u0000Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at four colleges in Karachi, Pakistan. College students were included without any restriction of age and gender. Ethical approval was obtained from all institutions. Self-administered questionnaire was used to access the knowledge and practices of students regarding Sexually transmitted diseases. Frequencies and percentage were calculated for each variable. \u0000Results: In total 890 university students participated in this study with a response rate of 89%. Overall male participants were 515, while 375 females participated in the study. Almost 30% of the male and 49.6% of the female students knew that there is a vaccine for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) with Male/Female Odds ratio of 0.42( 95% C.I: 1.34-28). However 22.9% of male and 76.5% of female students (M/F OR: 0.29, 95% C.I: 0.34-0.7) believed that the oral sex is as threatening and unsafe as vaginal or anal sex. The most preferred method of contraceptive recognized by the students was condoms (males 14.7 % and females 8.6%, with M/F OR: 1.70, 95% C.I: 0.29-0.67) followed by oral contraceptive pills (males 6.2 %, females 7.7%, M/F OR: 0.80, 95% C.I: 0.72-24.3). \u0000Conclusion: Research needs to be undertaken to employ policies at an administrative level to introduce change in the curriculum and rectify related issues in order to conceive better sexual practices in adolescents.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121315953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000200
I. Farooq
Peer review process is an important step, when it comes to publication of a manuscript and is directed towards facilitating the journal editor in making a decision. Unfortunately a delay in publication due to lengthy peer review processing times not only negatively affects the research potential of individual authors but also delays the publication of novel findings. Steps should be taken to make this process more efficient by taking measures to reduce long peer review times and to ensure well-timed publication of scientific research. *Correspondence regarding this article should be directed to: drimranfarooq@gmail.com
{"title":"Lengthy Peer Review Times: What should be Done?","authors":"I. Farooq","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000200","url":null,"abstract":"Peer review process is an important step, when it comes to publication of a manuscript and is directed towards facilitating the journal editor in making a decision. Unfortunately a delay in publication due to lengthy peer review processing times not only negatively affects the research potential of individual authors but also delays the publication of novel findings. Steps should be taken to make this process more efficient by taking measures to reduce long peer review times and to ensure well-timed publication of scientific research. *Correspondence regarding this article should be directed to: drimranfarooq@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125216001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000220
Emilio J. Compte, Florencia Duthu
Eating disorders (ED) are usually considered a feminine pathology (Darcy & Lin, 2012; Striegel-Moore & Bulik, 2007), where the prevalence of male cases is considerably lower (Hoek, 2006). However, in many cases, men with ED go undetected because their problem is unknown and assessment is not always properly performed.
{"title":"Eating Disorders are Still Considered to be a FemalePsychopathology","authors":"Emilio J. Compte, Florencia Duthu","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000220","url":null,"abstract":"Eating disorders (ED) are usually considered a feminine pathology (Darcy & Lin, 2012; Striegel-Moore & Bulik, 2007), where the prevalence of male cases is considerably lower (Hoek, 2006). However, in many cases, men with ED go undetected because their problem is unknown and assessment is not always properly performed.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122390076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000377
Karan Chawla, M. Bell, B. Chawla
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess the difference of hospitalization rates when switching patients with schizophrenia from oral antipsychotics to Long Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medications. Methods: A single centre mirror image design study of 44 patients was conducted in a community centre hospital. Data surrounding hospitalization was collected 12 months before and 12 months after switching from oral to LAI. Results: There was a 91% reduction in ward admissions and an 80% reduction in ER visits when switched to LAI (p<0.001). Of the 44 patients, 32 were admitted at least once whilst on oral therapy; after switching to LAI, only 5 patients were admitted. The total number of days spent on the ward on oral therapy was 1347 days, versus 59 days on LAI. After switching to LAI from oral therapy, mean length of stay in hospital per patient decreased by 30 days (p<0.001). Cost benefit analysis showed a net savings of $805,798.80 for 44 patients over the course of one year. Conclusions: The data from this study suggests that long acting injectable therapy is strongly superior to oral antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia. A significant reduction in hospitalization rates and costs was seen.
{"title":"Long Acting Injectable versus Oral Antipsychotics in Reducing Hospitalization Outcomes in Schizophrenia: A Mirror-Image Study","authors":"Karan Chawla, M. Bell, B. Chawla","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000377","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess the difference of hospitalization rates when switching patients with schizophrenia from oral antipsychotics to Long Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medications. Methods: A single centre mirror image design study of 44 patients was conducted in a community centre hospital. Data surrounding hospitalization was collected 12 months before and 12 months after switching from oral to LAI. Results: There was a 91% reduction in ward admissions and an 80% reduction in ER visits when switched to LAI (p<0.001). Of the 44 patients, 32 were admitted at least once whilst on oral therapy; after switching to LAI, only 5 patients were admitted. The total number of days spent on the ward on oral therapy was 1347 days, versus 59 days on LAI. After switching to LAI from oral therapy, mean length of stay in hospital per patient decreased by 30 days (p<0.001). Cost benefit analysis showed a net savings of $805,798.80 for 44 patients over the course of one year. Conclusions: The data from this study suggests that long acting injectable therapy is strongly superior to oral antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia. A significant reduction in hospitalization rates and costs was seen.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122606247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000364
O. Levi, Yael Shoval-Zukerman
The Objective of this article was to describe in detail the protocol of continuance group intervention (CGI) and to present general efficacy of CGI based on interventions that were done by the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) with reserve units that fought in the 2006 Lebanon War. Fifty-one Israeli reserves soldiers exposed to traumatic events participated in the study. They were divided into 5 intervention groups led by five pairs of commanders and trained therapists from the Unit for the Treatment of Combat-related PTSD (UTC-PTSD). PTSD and depression symptoms and levels of functioning were taken at pre-intervention, end of intervention and 6 months after the intervention (follow-up assessment). Analyses found that CGI helped in reducing post-traumatic and depressive symptoms at the end of intervention and 6 months follow-up. It also showed that patients' functioning had significantly improved by the end of intervention and at 6 months followup. It seems that an intervention based on these protocols is suitable for organizations in which there exists a hierarchical structure that includes a managerial echelon and an executive echelon (fire fighters, police, etc.) which embrace a common event but follow-up randomized controlled trials to determine CGI efficacy are needed.
{"title":"Continuance Group Intervention Protocol (CGIP) for a Unique Intervention","authors":"O. Levi, Yael Shoval-Zukerman","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000364","url":null,"abstract":"The Objective of this article was to describe in detail the protocol of continuance \u0000 group intervention (CGI) and to present general efficacy of CGI based on interventions that were \u0000 done by the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) with reserve units that fought in the 2006 Lebanon War. \u0000 Fifty-one Israeli reserves soldiers exposed to traumatic events participated in the study. They were \u0000 divided into 5 intervention groups led by five pairs of commanders and trained therapists from the \u0000 Unit for the Treatment of Combat-related PTSD (UTC-PTSD). PTSD and depression symptoms \u0000 and levels of functioning were taken at pre-intervention, end of intervention and 6 months after the \u0000 intervention (follow-up assessment). Analyses found that CGI helped in reducing post-traumatic \u0000 and depressive symptoms at the end of intervention and 6 months follow-up. It also showed that \u0000 patients' functioning had significantly improved by the end of intervention and at 6 months followup. \u0000 It seems that an intervention based on these protocols is suitable for organizations in which there \u0000 exists a hierarchical structure that includes a managerial echelon and an executive echelon (fire \u0000 fighters, police, etc.) which embrace a common event but follow-up randomized controlled trials to \u0000 determine CGI efficacy are needed.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131431683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000148
S. Johnson
Many police investigators do not fully understand the role that pornography plays in violence. We have come to understand how sex offenders use pornography to support their deviant and violent fantasies which in turn support deviant and violent behavior. In addition, abusers, including those that commit domestic abuse or child abuse, almost all use pornography to feed their deviant and violent fantasies as well. With this understanding, it is imperative for the investigator to not only find the sexual offenders and physical batterer’s pornography but to review the pornography to determine the preference and intent of the offender’s crime. The offender’s pornography (the type, theme, and content of the pornography) is an indicator of what the offender would like to do, and in some cases, what they have already done. In fact, most pornography displays women whose facial expressions clearly are indicative of fear, discomfort, anger, frustration, surprise, or a neutral, void expression. These expressions are contrary to what we would expect of consensual, appropriate sexual partners.
{"title":"The Role of Pornography in Sexual Offenses: Information for LawEnforcement & Forensic Psychologists","authors":"S. Johnson","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000148","url":null,"abstract":"Many police investigators do not fully understand the role that pornography plays in violence. We have come to understand how sex offenders use pornography to support their deviant and violent fantasies which in turn support deviant and violent behavior. In addition, abusers, including those that commit domestic abuse or child abuse, almost all use pornography to feed their deviant and violent fantasies as well. With this understanding, it is imperative for the investigator to not only find the sexual offenders and physical batterer’s pornography but to review the pornography to determine the preference and intent of the offender’s crime. The offender’s pornography (the type, theme, and content of the pornography) is an indicator of what the offender would like to do, and in some cases, what they have already done. In fact, most pornography displays women whose facial expressions clearly are indicative of fear, discomfort, anger, frustration, surprise, or a neutral, void expression. These expressions are contrary to what we would expect of consensual, appropriate sexual partners.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132675660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000262
R. Xie, H. Xie, D. Krewski, M. Walker, S. Wen
Background: Postpartum depression (PPD), affecting mother’s and baby’s health and wellbeing, is a subtype of major depression with onset within 4 weeks after childbirth. G-protein β3 subunit gene C825T polymorphism has been shown to be associated with major adult depression. This study aims to investigate whether PPD is associated with GNβ3 C825T polymorphism in Chinese Han women. Methods: This was a case control study, nested to a cohort that was established in three hospitals in Changsha, Hunan, China between February and September 2007. PPD was measured using the Chinese version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at two weeks postpartum with a score of 13 or higher as the cut-off. GNB3 gene Rs5443 (C/T) was determined with ligase detection reaction (LDR). Genotype and allele frequency of GNB3 gene Rs5443 polymorphism were compared between women with PPD and hospital and age-matched controls. Results: A total of 43 PPD cases and 86 matched controls were included in the final analysis. GNβ3 Rs5443SNP genotypes were CC = 23.30%, C/T = 51.2%, TT = 25.6%, C = 48.84%, and T = 51.16%, respectively, in PPD cases, and corresponding figures were CC = 30.20%, C/T = 39.50%, TT = 30.20%, C = 50.00%, and T = 50.00%, respectively, in matched controls (P>0.05). For PPD subjects, the genotypes were not associated with the clinical phenotype: EPDS total score and/or subunit scores (P>0.05). Conclusion: No association between GNβ3 rs5443SNP polymorphism and PPD is observed in the pilot data from a small sample of Chinese Han women. Replications of our finding from a large sample are needed.
{"title":"Association between Postpartum Depression and Gnò3 C825T Polymorphism","authors":"R. Xie, H. Xie, D. Krewski, M. Walker, S. Wen","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000262","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postpartum depression (PPD), affecting mother’s and baby’s health and wellbeing, is a subtype of major depression with onset within 4 weeks after childbirth. G-protein β3 subunit gene C825T polymorphism has been shown to be associated with major adult depression. This study aims to investigate whether PPD is associated with GNβ3 C825T polymorphism in Chinese Han women. Methods: This was a case control study, nested to a cohort that was established in three hospitals in Changsha, Hunan, China between February and September 2007. PPD was measured using the Chinese version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at two weeks postpartum with a score of 13 or higher as the cut-off. GNB3 gene Rs5443 (C/T) was determined with ligase detection reaction (LDR). Genotype and allele frequency of GNB3 gene Rs5443 polymorphism were compared between women with PPD and hospital and age-matched controls. Results: A total of 43 PPD cases and 86 matched controls were included in the final analysis. GNβ3 Rs5443SNP genotypes were CC = 23.30%, C/T = 51.2%, TT = 25.6%, C = 48.84%, and T = 51.16%, respectively, in PPD cases, and corresponding figures were CC = 30.20%, C/T = 39.50%, TT = 30.20%, C = 50.00%, and T = 50.00%, respectively, in matched controls (P>0.05). For PPD subjects, the genotypes were not associated with the clinical phenotype: EPDS total score and/or subunit scores (P>0.05). Conclusion: No association between GNβ3 rs5443SNP polymorphism and PPD is observed in the pilot data from a small sample of Chinese Han women. Replications of our finding from a large sample are needed.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133245362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000330
V. Morici, S. Terzoni, P. Ferrara, A. Destrebecq
Background: Falls in hospitals are a global problem, due to their frequency and the consequences for the person, the operators, the organization. The literature shows that patients suffering from mental disorders, especially inacute settings, have specific characteristics that increase their risk. Two scales are available in literature for these patients, but one is not fully validated, and the other has unsatisfactory predictive validity. Furthermore, no tools exist in Italian. Aim: To create and validate a tool, in English and in Italian, to assess risk to fall in patients hospitalized acute psychiatric settings. Materials and Methods: upon literature review, a new scale was created and administered to the patients of two psychiatric services in different Italian hospitals. Validity and reliability of the scale were assessed by means of factor analysis, content validity index, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results: The scale consists of 11 items (CVI-S = 90.9%); 7 clinical experts have positively judged comprehensibility and the uniqueness of the items. 123 patients were screened (at admission, and after 24 and 48 hours), 10 of them reported falls; with a cut-off of 11 points, the scale showed 100% sensitivity and 80.2% specificity. Inter-rater reliability was high (Pearson's r = 0.93). Conclusions: the new scale seems easy to use and capable of predicting falls in psychiatric patients admitted to acute hospital units.
背景:医院摔倒是一个全球性问题，因为其发生频率和对个人、操作人员和组织造成的后果。文献表明，患有精神障碍的患者，特别是非急性情况下，具有增加其风险的特定特征。文献中有两种量表可用于这些患者，但其中一种未完全验证，另一种预测效度不令人满意。此外，意大利语中也没有工具。目的:创建和验证一个工具，在英语和意大利语，以评估病人住院急性精神病设置跌倒的风险。材料和方法:在文献回顾的基础上，创建了一个新的量表，并对意大利不同医院的两家精神科服务的患者进行了管理。采用因子分析、内容效度指数和Cronbach’s alpha系数对量表进行效度和信度评价。结果:量表由11个条目组成(CVI-S = 90.9%);7位临床专家对项目的可理解性和独特性给予了积极评价。123例患者接受了筛查(入院时、24小时和48小时后)，其中10例报告跌倒;分界点为11分，该量表的敏感性为100%，特异性为80.2%。评估者间信度高(Pearson’s r = 0.93)。结论:新量表易于使用，并能预测急症住院精神病患者的跌倒情况。
{"title":"Development and Validation of A New Tool for Assessing Risk of Falls in Acute Psychiatric Settings","authors":"V. Morici, S. Terzoni, P. Ferrara, A. Destrebecq","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000330","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Falls in hospitals are a global problem, due to their frequency and the consequences for the person, the operators, the organization. The literature shows that patients suffering from mental disorders, especially inacute settings, have specific characteristics that increase their risk. Two scales are available in literature for these patients, but one is not fully validated, and the other has unsatisfactory predictive validity. Furthermore, no tools exist in Italian. \u0000Aim: To create and validate a tool, in English and in Italian, to assess risk to fall in patients hospitalized acute psychiatric settings. Materials and Methods: upon literature review, a new scale was created and administered to the patients of two psychiatric services in different Italian hospitals. Validity and reliability of the scale were assessed by means of factor analysis, content validity index, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. \u0000Results: The scale consists of 11 items (CVI-S = 90.9%); 7 clinical experts have positively judged comprehensibility and the uniqueness of the items. 123 patients were screened (at admission, and after 24 and 48 hours), 10 of them reported falls; with a cut-off of 11 points, the scale showed 100% sensitivity and 80.2% specificity. Inter-rater reliability was high (Pearson's r = 0.93). \u0000Conclusions: the new scale seems easy to use and capable of predicting falls in psychiatric patients admitted to acute hospital units.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133543108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000166
Dr. A. O. Busari
This study investigated the mediating role of schema-focused therapy in the treatment of antisocial personality disorder among prison inmates. The participants of the study were three hundred (300) prison inmates of Agodi Prison in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The instruments used for the study were Antisocial Personality Disorder Self- Test (APDSF), deployed for screening the participants, and Antisocial Personality Disorder Symptoms Questionnaire (APDSQ) developed by the researcher. Pre-test Post-Test, control group experimental design was adopted for this study. The data were analysed using ANCOVA. There was significant main effect of treatment on antisocial personality disorder of the prison inmates. There was significant interaction effect of treatment of participants based on gender. There was also significant interaction effect of treatment on prison inmates based on time of incarceration.
{"title":"Antisocial Personality Disorder among Prison Inmates: TheMediating Role of Schema-Focused Therapy","authors":"Dr. A. O. Busari","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000166","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the mediating role of schema-focused therapy in the treatment of antisocial personality disorder among prison inmates. The participants of the study were three hundred (300) prison inmates of Agodi Prison in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The instruments used for the study were Antisocial Personality Disorder Self- Test (APDSF), deployed for screening the participants, and Antisocial Personality Disorder Symptoms Questionnaire (APDSQ) developed by the researcher. Pre-test Post-Test, control group experimental design was adopted for this study. The data were analysed using ANCOVA. There was significant main effect of treatment on antisocial personality disorder of the prison inmates. There was significant interaction effect of treatment of participants based on gender. There was also significant interaction effect of treatment on prison inmates based on time of incarceration.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131805004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821.1000272
E. Gutiérrez, Carlos Libisch, O. Carrera
A dispassionate view of psychotherapy, leaving aside allegiances to particular schools, reveals it is extremely uncommon to find clear differences in efficacy between diverse treatment approaches (Luborsky et al., 2002). Even worse, when active treatments are compared to structurally equivalent placebos, only negligible effects are obtained in comparison to former treatments (Baskin, Tierney, Minami & Wampold, 2003). A plausible explanation for the apparent similarity in efficacy of different treatments is the existence of underlying common factors shared by all treatments which is ultimately responsible for the purported equivalence attained by different therapeutic approaches (Frank & Frank, 1993). This shared equivalence has been recently reinforced by the literature on placebo, and particularly research using neuroimaging techniques showing how patients’ expectancies interact with the clinical setting stimulating the rewarding brain circuitry.
{"title":"A Blueprint for the Future Development of Psychotherapy","authors":"E. Gutiérrez, Carlos Libisch, O. Carrera","doi":"10.4172/1522-4821.1000272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1522-4821.1000272","url":null,"abstract":"A dispassionate view of psychotherapy, leaving aside allegiances to particular schools, reveals it is extremely uncommon to find clear differences in efficacy between diverse treatment approaches (Luborsky et al., 2002). Even worse, when active treatments are compared to structurally equivalent placebos, only negligible effects are obtained in comparison to former treatments (Baskin, Tierney, Minami & Wampold, 2003). A plausible explanation for the apparent similarity in efficacy of different treatments is the existence of underlying common factors shared by all treatments which is ultimately responsible for the purported equivalence attained by different therapeutic approaches (Frank & Frank, 1993). This shared equivalence has been recently reinforced by the literature on placebo, and particularly research using neuroimaging techniques showing how patients’ expectancies interact with the clinical setting stimulating the rewarding brain circuitry.","PeriodicalId":358022,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115575469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：