Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1177/02560909231184775
Debarshi Roy
{"title":"Entrepreneurship-driven Migratory Behaviour Among the Tea Estate Workers in West Bengal: An Exploratory Study","authors":"Debarshi Roy","doi":"10.1177/02560909231184775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909231184775","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/02560909231202362
Satish Deodhar
Indians have had a fascination for possessing gold since ancient times. I document the sacredness of gold, ancient references to jewellery, gold extraction and minting technology, its function as money and store of value, and specie inflow due to trade surplus with the Occident up until the medieval era. India’s gargantuan stock of about 28,000 tonnes of gold is hoarding and not savings. Today, gold demand is causing leakage from the circular flow of gross domestic product and trade deficit. Policy suggestions are made that will re-channel idle excess stock of gold into financial markets, reduce the trade deficit and contribute to gross domestic product growth.
{"title":"Gold Is Old: Noble Metal in the Indian Economy Through Ages","authors":"Satish Deodhar","doi":"10.1177/02560909231202362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909231202362","url":null,"abstract":"Indians have had a fascination for possessing gold since ancient times. I document the sacredness of gold, ancient references to jewellery, gold extraction and minting technology, its function as money and store of value, and specie inflow due to trade surplus with the Occident up until the medieval era. India’s gargantuan stock of about 28,000 tonnes of gold is hoarding and not savings. Today, gold demand is causing leakage from the circular flow of gross domestic product and trade deficit. Policy suggestions are made that will re-channel idle excess stock of gold into financial markets, reduce the trade deficit and contribute to gross domestic product growth.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/02560909231165614
S. Arora, A. Chakraborty
{"title":"HDFC Life: A Consumer’s Quest for Justice","authors":"S. Arora, A. Chakraborty","doi":"10.1177/02560909231165614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909231165614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"9 1","pages":"142 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82547171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/02560909231180078
B. Joo, Sana Shawl
Foreign direct investment (FDI) has gained prominence in international economics over the past three decades. Primarily, the belief that FDI influences economic growth of the host country, set the stage for the empirical research focused on the FDI–growth nexus. The growth literature, however, reveals mixed evidence regarding the role of FDI in promoting growth. Despite the conflicting evidence, developed and developing economies have attached immense economic and political importance to FDI. It is noteworthy that BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) economies are representative developing economies and have emerged as significant FDI destinations, having witnessed an immense surge in inward FDI over the past few decades. It is against this backdrop that the present study attempts to assess the impact of FDI inflows and select macroeconomic variables, namely macroeconomic stability, human capital, financial development and trade openness (TO), on the economic growth of developing BRICS economies. The study examines both short-run and long-run relationships between FDI inflows, select macroeconomic variables and economic growth by employing the dynamic panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, unlike most of the previous studies. For this study, secondary data covering a reference period of 32 years (1987–2018) were used. The data on GDP growth (GDPG), FDI inflows, inflation (INF), human capital, private sector bank credit (proxy for financial development) and TO have been collected from the World Investment Reports published annually by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and World Bank (World Development Indicators). The findings revealed a long-run cointegration among FDI, host country characteristics (TO, human capital, financial development and macroeconomic stability) and economic growth in BRICS.
{"title":"Understanding the Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in BRICS: Panel ARDL Approach","authors":"B. Joo, Sana Shawl","doi":"10.1177/02560909231180078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909231180078","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign direct investment (FDI) has gained prominence in international economics over the past three decades. Primarily, the belief that FDI influences economic growth of the host country, set the stage for the empirical research focused on the FDI–growth nexus. The growth literature, however, reveals mixed evidence regarding the role of FDI in promoting growth. Despite the conflicting evidence, developed and developing economies have attached immense economic and political importance to FDI. It is noteworthy that BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) economies are representative developing economies and have emerged as significant FDI destinations, having witnessed an immense surge in inward FDI over the past few decades. It is against this backdrop that the present study attempts to assess the impact of FDI inflows and select macroeconomic variables, namely macroeconomic stability, human capital, financial development and trade openness (TO), on the economic growth of developing BRICS economies. The study examines both short-run and long-run relationships between FDI inflows, select macroeconomic variables and economic growth by employing the dynamic panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, unlike most of the previous studies. For this study, secondary data covering a reference period of 32 years (1987–2018) were used. The data on GDP growth (GDPG), FDI inflows, inflation (INF), human capital, private sector bank credit (proxy for financial development) and TO have been collected from the World Investment Reports published annually by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and World Bank (World Development Indicators). The findings revealed a long-run cointegration among FDI, host country characteristics (TO, human capital, financial development and macroeconomic stability) and economic growth in BRICS.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"41 1","pages":"100 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77636784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/02560909231180073
Umar Sadeeq
163 Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-Commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub. com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment
{"title":"Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment","authors":"Umar Sadeeq","doi":"10.1177/02560909231180073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909231180073","url":null,"abstract":"163 Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-Commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub. com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"32 1","pages":"163 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81267338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The industrial relations (IR) environment in India and its labour market, have been undergoing significant transformations in multiple domains for around two decades after the economic liberalization. Gillan and Lambert (2013) observe several restructurings at the workplace level in the country. These include, among others, farming out job functions or services to any third party through outsourcing, engaging contract labour in the organized sector, the tendency among managers to avoid acknowledging the right of trade unions to collectively bargain and the prevalence of voluntary retirement schemes for having numerical flexibility of the workforce.
{"title":"The Future of Fixed-term Employment in India","authors":"Kanupriya Jain, Piyali Ghosh, Shankha Shuvra Misra","doi":"10.1177/02560909231178162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909231178162","url":null,"abstract":"The industrial relations (IR) environment in India and its labour market, have been undergoing significant transformations in multiple domains for around two decades after the economic liberalization. Gillan and Lambert (2013) observe several restructurings at the workplace level in the country. These include, among others, farming out job functions or services to any third party through outsourcing, engaging contract labour in the organized sector, the tendency among managers to avoid acknowledging the right of trade unions to collectively bargain and the prevalence of voluntary retirement schemes for having numerical flexibility of the workforce.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"1 1","pages":"87 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90366313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.1177/02560909231172010
C. Chavadi, Monika Sirothiya, S. Menon, Vishwanatha M R
Social media platforms help brands connect with their customers online, and a social media -based brand community (SMBBC) enable brand attachments to particular brands. These brand communities enhance consumer relationships, increase customer advocacy, discover customer problems, and generate unique product and marketing ideas. In the context of Social Identity Theory and SOR framework (stimulus-organism-response), the present study explored the influence of customer-centric elements (the four relationships) on an online brand community that affect and provoke members’ conscious brains to get into action. The study further examines the impact of SMMBC on brand trust and brand equity variables (brand awareness, perceived quality, brand association and brand loyalty) and, consequently, on customer response (purchase intention, response to brand extension and willingness to pay a premium). A self-administered online survey was conducted to collect data on all selected brands. The brands were selected using a stratified sampling method, and the stratum used was the number of fans following the brands. The top three brands with the highest fan following from 15 sectors were picked. The study selected 384 final responses after the data screening procedure. SPSS version 26 and AMOS graphics were used for testing hypothesised relationship. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to ensure that the selected scale items were appropriately loaded, followed by measurement model’s reliability and validity testing using Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings of SEM analysis conclude that customer-centric elements are significant determinants of the online brand community. The results also confirmed that strengthening SMBBC leads to higher brand trust and positively influences all brand equity dimensions. In addition, the research study found that positive brand equity results in favourable consumer responses. This study contributes theoretically to past studies on brand community and customer response, mainly in social media. The findings are helpful for managers to design and manage their online brand communities effectively and to elicit more positive responses.
社交媒体平台帮助品牌在线与客户建立联系，而基于社交媒体的品牌社区(SMBBC)使品牌能够与特定品牌建立联系。这些品牌社区加强了消费者关系，增加了顾客的拥护，发现了顾客的问题，并产生了独特的产品和营销理念。在社会认同理论和SOR(刺激-有机体-反应)框架的背景下，本研究探讨了以客户为中心的要素(四种关系)对在线品牌社区的影响，这些因素影响并激发了成员的意识大脑采取行动。本研究进一步探讨了SMMBC对品牌信任和品牌资产变量(品牌意识、感知质量、品牌联想和品牌忠诚)的影响，进而对顾客反应(购买意愿、对品牌延伸的反应和支付溢价意愿)的影响。我们进行了一项自我管理的在线调查，以收集所有选定品牌的数据。品牌选择采用分层抽样的方法，使用的阶层为该品牌的粉丝数量。从15个行业中选出了粉丝数量最多的前三名品牌。该研究在数据筛选程序后选择了384份最终答复。使用SPSS version 26和AMOS图形来检验假设的关系。采用探索性因子分析(Exploratory factor analysis, EFA)确保所选量表条目加载适当，然后采用验证性因子分析(Confirmatory factor analysis, CFA)对测量模型进行信度和效度检验。SEM分析的结果表明，以客户为中心的因素是在线品牌社区的重要决定因素。结果还证实，加强中小企业间的沟通，会导致更高的品牌信任，并对品牌资产的各个维度产生积极影响。此外，该研究还发现，积极的品牌资产会带来良好的消费者反应。本研究对以往关于品牌社区和顾客反应的研究(主要是在社交媒体上)有理论上的贡献。研究结果有助于管理者有效地设计和管理其在线品牌社区，并引起更积极的反应。
{"title":"Modelling the Effects of Social Media–based Brand Communities on Brand Trust, Brand Equity and Consumer Response","authors":"C. Chavadi, Monika Sirothiya, S. Menon, Vishwanatha M R","doi":"10.1177/02560909231172010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909231172010","url":null,"abstract":"Social media platforms help brands connect with their customers online, and a social media -based brand community (SMBBC) enable brand attachments to particular brands. These brand communities enhance consumer relationships, increase customer advocacy, discover customer problems, and generate unique product and marketing ideas. In the context of Social Identity Theory and SOR framework (stimulus-organism-response), the present study explored the influence of customer-centric elements (the four relationships) on an online brand community that affect and provoke members’ conscious brains to get into action. The study further examines the impact of SMMBC on brand trust and brand equity variables (brand awareness, perceived quality, brand association and brand loyalty) and, consequently, on customer response (purchase intention, response to brand extension and willingness to pay a premium). A self-administered online survey was conducted to collect data on all selected brands. The brands were selected using a stratified sampling method, and the stratum used was the number of fans following the brands. The top three brands with the highest fan following from 15 sectors were picked. The study selected 384 final responses after the data screening procedure. SPSS version 26 and AMOS graphics were used for testing hypothesised relationship. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to ensure that the selected scale items were appropriately loaded, followed by measurement model’s reliability and validity testing using Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings of SEM analysis conclude that customer-centric elements are significant determinants of the online brand community. The results also confirmed that strengthening SMBBC leads to higher brand trust and positively influences all brand equity dimensions. In addition, the research study found that positive brand equity results in favourable consumer responses. This study contributes theoretically to past studies on brand community and customer response, mainly in social media. The findings are helpful for managers to design and manage their online brand communities effectively and to elicit more positive responses.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"239 1","pages":"114 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80418674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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