Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1177/02560909241254149
Amol Baxi, V. Raveendra Saradhi
{"title":"Distinct Dimensions of Human Capital in Distressed Firms: Implications for Firms and Research","authors":"Amol Baxi, V. Raveendra Saradhi","doi":"10.1177/02560909241254149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241254149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article marks a transformative shift from traditional economic institutions to technologically driven ones. This study explores the institutionalization of the crypto-economy through the lens of institutional theory, examining the roles of regulatory, cognitive and normative pillars. Our findings indicate that these institutional pillars significantly influence the development of the crypto-economy. Specifically, the regulatory pillar mediates the relationship between the social pillar and the crypto-economy, highlighting the indirect but substantial impact of a country’s social framework on crypto-economic growth. We refer to the cognitive and normative pillars collectively as the social pillars.Technological advancements and the rise of blockchain technology have spurred the growth of innovative fintech organizations, creating profitable investment opportunities and addressing cross-industry challenges such as data security and transparency. Although existing literature primarily focuses on micro-level drivers, it is crucial to conduct macro-level analysis to understand the broader institutional factors that support the development of the crypto-economy, as micro-level insights alone do not adequately capture macro-level growth dynamics.As a result, our research employs path analysis using global institutional indicators, demonstrating that the cognitive and normative institutional pillars significantly influence the regulatory pillar, which in turn affects the crypto-economy. These findings suggest that countries with robust institutional frameworks are better positioned to adopt and benefit from crypto-economic technologies.Furthermore, understanding these macro-level factors can guide policymakers in less absorptive countries to stimulate regulatory institutions that support the crypto-economy. This institutional perspective is crucial for identifying future leaders and laggards in crypto-economic development and for understanding inter-country differences in crypto-economy adoption.In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of a supportive institutional framework for the development and adoption of the crypto-economy, emphasizing the interconnected growth of fintech technology and the need for empirical research to address broader developmental issues.
{"title":"The Genesis of the Crypto-economy: Application of the Institutional Theory","authors":"Shashi Kant Srivastava, Verma Deepika Chandra, Srinivas Jangirala, Janardan Krishna Yadav","doi":"10.1177/02560909241271742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241271742","url":null,"abstract":"The article marks a transformative shift from traditional economic institutions to technologically driven ones. This study explores the institutionalization of the crypto-economy through the lens of institutional theory, examining the roles of regulatory, cognitive and normative pillars. Our findings indicate that these institutional pillars significantly influence the development of the crypto-economy. Specifically, the regulatory pillar mediates the relationship between the social pillar and the crypto-economy, highlighting the indirect but substantial impact of a country’s social framework on crypto-economic growth. We refer to the cognitive and normative pillars collectively as the social pillars.Technological advancements and the rise of blockchain technology have spurred the growth of innovative fintech organizations, creating profitable investment opportunities and addressing cross-industry challenges such as data security and transparency. Although existing literature primarily focuses on micro-level drivers, it is crucial to conduct macro-level analysis to understand the broader institutional factors that support the development of the crypto-economy, as micro-level insights alone do not adequately capture macro-level growth dynamics.As a result, our research employs path analysis using global institutional indicators, demonstrating that the cognitive and normative institutional pillars significantly influence the regulatory pillar, which in turn affects the crypto-economy. These findings suggest that countries with robust institutional frameworks are better positioned to adopt and benefit from crypto-economic technologies.Furthermore, understanding these macro-level factors can guide policymakers in less absorptive countries to stimulate regulatory institutions that support the crypto-economy. This institutional perspective is crucial for identifying future leaders and laggards in crypto-economic development and for understanding inter-country differences in crypto-economy adoption.In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of a supportive institutional framework for the development and adoption of the crypto-economy, emphasizing the interconnected growth of fintech technology and the need for empirical research to address broader developmental issues.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1177/02560909241260234
Ashish Gupta, Prashant Das, Dongshin Kim
The COVID-19 pandemic, a black swan event, created an unprecedented global health hazard and disrupted global economic activities. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, various governments announced lockdowns. India went under lockdown from 25 March 2020 for 21 days. These lockdowns disrupted the social fabric and economic activities. We examined the demographic and socio-economic determinants of COVID-19 infections and deaths across over 400 districts in India. Using statistical methods, we observed that the infection patterns demonstrate localized characteristics across districts. Areas with a larger male population and higher economic activity witnessed higher infection rates. Districts with more agricultural and backward caste populations and inferior latrine facilities experienced significantly higher mortality rates after controlling for infections and other variables, indicating that a higher concentration of economically deprived populations experience higher mortality. Mobility in spatially contiguous locations appears to be a significant determinant of new infections. Our study emphasizes the role of socio-economic factors in explaining the variation across districts. The findings support the need for locally-specific policy and social-distancing measures to control the spread.
{"title":"The Need for Localized, Socio-economic Policy Measures for Controlling a Pandemic: An Empirical Study of COVID-19 in India","authors":"Ashish Gupta, Prashant Das, Dongshin Kim","doi":"10.1177/02560909241260234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241260234","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic, a black swan event, created an unprecedented global health hazard and disrupted global economic activities. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, various governments announced lockdowns. India went under lockdown from 25 March 2020 for 21 days. These lockdowns disrupted the social fabric and economic activities. We examined the demographic and socio-economic determinants of COVID-19 infections and deaths across over 400 districts in India. Using statistical methods, we observed that the infection patterns demonstrate localized characteristics across districts. Areas with a larger male population and higher economic activity witnessed higher infection rates. Districts with more agricultural and backward caste populations and inferior latrine facilities experienced significantly higher mortality rates after controlling for infections and other variables, indicating that a higher concentration of economically deprived populations experience higher mortality. Mobility in spatially contiguous locations appears to be a significant determinant of new infections. Our study emphasizes the role of socio-economic factors in explaining the variation across districts. The findings support the need for locally-specific policy and social-distancing measures to control the spread.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1177/02560909241271644
John Christie, Charlene Geary
{"title":"Digital Darwinism: Surviving the New Age of Business Disruption","authors":"John Christie, Charlene Geary","doi":"10.1177/02560909241271644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241271644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/02560909241257323
P. S. Devi, P.K. Sudarsan
As the government eases out of economic activities and its role as an employer declines over time, there is a growing focus on attracting business and entrepreneurship and creating a conducive environment for their growth. Goa witnesses high rates of in-migration from the rest of India. However, census data reveal that of the total migration to Goa, only 2.7% of it is for business.This study uses census data to analyse the relative importance of population, distance, literacy and gross state domestic product (GSDP) in the volume and direction of migration flows through a gravity model analysis. In the case of population, it is observed that a high population at the source state means a higher degree of outmigration. This may be due to greater competition for scarce resources and lower costs of setting up business in the destination. The highest numbers of business migrants are from the neighbouring states of Maharashtra and Karnataka, which indicates that distance may be a deterrent to mobility, especially among women migrants. Educational attainment is not a very important determinant of migration for business. Similarly, economic growth does not seem to deter outmigration, indicating that better opportunities and cost-minimization at the destination may spur migration in spite of high economic growth in the home state.From the field study, it is observed that the majority of the businesspersons are Hindu males from the general caste. While economic factors serve as important push and pull factors, social factors are an important pull factor and determine the ease of settlement in the host state. They come to Goa for the long term and intend to settle here. They own land and housing. Though many are small businesses, through their consumption and investment activities, they play an important role in promoting growth in the state. The process of migration is self-sustaining as many bring their family members, relatives and neighbours and help settle them in business in related fields.
{"title":"Migration for Business: A Case Study of Goa","authors":"P. S. Devi, P.K. Sudarsan","doi":"10.1177/02560909241257323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241257323","url":null,"abstract":"As the government eases out of economic activities and its role as an employer declines over time, there is a growing focus on attracting business and entrepreneurship and creating a conducive environment for their growth. Goa witnesses high rates of in-migration from the rest of India. However, census data reveal that of the total migration to Goa, only 2.7% of it is for business.This study uses census data to analyse the relative importance of population, distance, literacy and gross state domestic product (GSDP) in the volume and direction of migration flows through a gravity model analysis. In the case of population, it is observed that a high population at the source state means a higher degree of outmigration. This may be due to greater competition for scarce resources and lower costs of setting up business in the destination. The highest numbers of business migrants are from the neighbouring states of Maharashtra and Karnataka, which indicates that distance may be a deterrent to mobility, especially among women migrants. Educational attainment is not a very important determinant of migration for business. Similarly, economic growth does not seem to deter outmigration, indicating that better opportunities and cost-minimization at the destination may spur migration in spite of high economic growth in the home state.From the field study, it is observed that the majority of the businesspersons are Hindu males from the general caste. While economic factors serve as important push and pull factors, social factors are an important pull factor and determine the ease of settlement in the host state. They come to Goa for the long term and intend to settle here. They own land and housing. Though many are small businesses, through their consumption and investment activities, they play an important role in promoting growth in the state. The process of migration is self-sustaining as many bring their family members, relatives and neighbours and help settle them in business in related fields.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"5093 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-22DOI: 10.1177/02560909241255005
Renu Desai
Circular labour migrants in the construction sector in Ahmedabad inhabit four typologies of living spaces. Workers recruited from the city’s labour chowks live predominantly in informal rental housing, squatter settlements and homeless settlements, while those recruited as part of labour gangs in villages live predominantly in temporary employer-provided labour colonies, aka worksite housing. The article discusses the living conditions in these four typologies, and uses three lenses to analyse this housing. The first lens is of urban policy, planning and governance regimes vis-a-vis the housing of and for the urban poor. This reveals how the state’s differentiated politics vis-à-vis housing informalities and the urban poor, which is manifested in its policies, programmes, and planning and governance practices, creates uneven welfarist inclusions as well as differentiated possibilities for claims-making by different groups of the urban poor. This results in specific inadequacies of shelter, basic services and tenure security in the different typologies of living spaces of circular migrant workers. The second lens of policy and governance regimes vis-à-vis labour reveals how the provisions of shelter and basic services in worksite housing are shaped by the regulation of employers under labour laws, and the mode of provisioning by employers and job contractors in this context. The third lens is of migrants’ agency in shaping their housing in the city in the context of urban policy, planning and governance regimes as well as their own multilocal lives across village and city. This lens reveals the relationships that migrants from nearby tribal districts have to their village, and how their practices around housing in the city are shaped by these relationships alongside the constraints and possibilities they face in the city given their vulnerabilities as poor, informal workers and circular migrants. The article concludes with recommendations for urban policy, planning and governance that would improve the informal housing of circular migrant construction workers, and create new formal housing that is relevant for these migrant workers.
{"title":"Circular Migrant Workers and Housing in Indian Cities: A View from Ahmedabad","authors":"Renu Desai","doi":"10.1177/02560909241255005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241255005","url":null,"abstract":"Circular labour migrants in the construction sector in Ahmedabad inhabit four typologies of living spaces. Workers recruited from the city’s labour chowks live predominantly in informal rental housing, squatter settlements and homeless settlements, while those recruited as part of labour gangs in villages live predominantly in temporary employer-provided labour colonies, aka worksite housing. The article discusses the living conditions in these four typologies, and uses three lenses to analyse this housing. The first lens is of urban policy, planning and governance regimes vis-a-vis the housing of and for the urban poor. This reveals how the state’s differentiated politics vis-à-vis housing informalities and the urban poor, which is manifested in its policies, programmes, and planning and governance practices, creates uneven welfarist inclusions as well as differentiated possibilities for claims-making by different groups of the urban poor. This results in specific inadequacies of shelter, basic services and tenure security in the different typologies of living spaces of circular migrant workers. The second lens of policy and governance regimes vis-à-vis labour reveals how the provisions of shelter and basic services in worksite housing are shaped by the regulation of employers under labour laws, and the mode of provisioning by employers and job contractors in this context. The third lens is of migrants’ agency in shaping their housing in the city in the context of urban policy, planning and governance regimes as well as their own multilocal lives across village and city. This lens reveals the relationships that migrants from nearby tribal districts have to their village, and how their practices around housing in the city are shaped by these relationships alongside the constraints and possibilities they face in the city given their vulnerabilities as poor, informal workers and circular migrants. The article concludes with recommendations for urban policy, planning and governance that would improve the informal housing of circular migrant construction workers, and create new formal housing that is relevant for these migrant workers.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/02560909241255003
Phong Thanh Nguyen, Quyen Le Hoang Thuy To Nguyen, Vy Dang Bich Huynh, Luan Thanh Nguyen
E-learning in the context of Industry 4.0 and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed traditional education. However, the smooth transition from face-to-face education to e-learning remains a challenging task, given concerns about e-learning quality. This study aims to explore the quality criteria and the adoption of e-learning via the spherical fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (SF-AHP). The extended technical acceptance model is used as a theoretical framework for constructing quality in an adoption hierarchical model. The input data derived from in-depth interviews of 20 experts in the field and the SF-AHP calculator have generated the priority weights of quality criteria in the model of e-learning adoption. The findings confirm the role of three major criteria, in order of importance, as follows: system, resources and core factors. The results highlight system factors as most crucial, including aspects such as governmental policies and institutional leadership, which are essential for setting a conducive environment for e-learning. Resource factors are ranked second, emphasizing the importance of IT applications, human capital and facilities to support e-learning infrastructure. Core factors, though ranked lower, are vital in ensuring the effectiveness of e-learning through course materials, instruction, and learner support. The weights of 14 sub-criteria have further shed light on policies to promote e-learning quality and its adoption. The implied priority of each weight a valuable guideline for the stakeholders’ actions to reach the targeted goals under the constraint resources.
{"title":"E-learning Quality and the Learners’ Choice Using Spherical Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Decision-making Approach","authors":"Phong Thanh Nguyen, Quyen Le Hoang Thuy To Nguyen, Vy Dang Bich Huynh, Luan Thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.1177/02560909241255003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241255003","url":null,"abstract":"E-learning in the context of Industry 4.0 and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed traditional education. However, the smooth transition from face-to-face education to e-learning remains a challenging task, given concerns about e-learning quality. This study aims to explore the quality criteria and the adoption of e-learning via the spherical fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (SF-AHP). The extended technical acceptance model is used as a theoretical framework for constructing quality in an adoption hierarchical model. The input data derived from in-depth interviews of 20 experts in the field and the SF-AHP calculator have generated the priority weights of quality criteria in the model of e-learning adoption. The findings confirm the role of three major criteria, in order of importance, as follows: system, resources and core factors. The results highlight system factors as most crucial, including aspects such as governmental policies and institutional leadership, which are essential for setting a conducive environment for e-learning. Resource factors are ranked second, emphasizing the importance of IT applications, human capital and facilities to support e-learning infrastructure. Core factors, though ranked lower, are vital in ensuring the effectiveness of e-learning through course materials, instruction, and learner support. The weights of 14 sub-criteria have further shed light on policies to promote e-learning quality and its adoption. The implied priority of each weight a valuable guideline for the stakeholders’ actions to reach the targeted goals under the constraint resources.","PeriodicalId":35878,"journal":{"name":"Vikalpa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141197666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1177/02560909241254996
Aastha Tripathi
This article delves into the critical role of learning agility in the Indian context. It specifically explores how an organizational learning culture (OLCu) fosters an employee’s ability to learn and adapt—their learning agility—which ultimately translates into improved firm performance. Employing a cross-sectional research design, the study gathers data through self-administered surveys from over 313 employees working in hardware service firms within the Indian IT sector. Path analysis is then utilized to analyse the collected data and unveil the underlying relationships. The findings unveil a fascinating interplay between OLCu, learning agility and firm performance. The study suggests that OLCu acts as a catalyst, fostering a work environment that encourages continuous learning and development. This, in turn, fosters employee learning agility. However, the research also reveals that learning agility plays a mediating role, meaning it partially explains the effect of OLCu on firm performance. In simpler terms, while a strong OLCu is crucial, it is the employee’s enhanced learning agility that truly unlocks the door to improved firm performance. This research offers valuable insights that can empower organizations in the Indian IT landscape. By nurturing a vibrant OLCu, companies can equip their employees with the tools and support they need to become more learning agile. This agility translates into a workforce that can readily adapt to new technologies, evolving customer demands, and a dynamic business environment. Consequently, firms can expect greater innovation, improved service delivery, and, ultimately, a significant boost in overall performance. This research also contributes significantly to the existing body of knowledge. It adds a fresh perspective to organizational learning theory by highlighting the crucial role of learning agility as a bridge between OLCu and firm performance, particularly in the Indian IT sector.
本文深入探讨了学习敏捷性在印度环境中的关键作用。文章特别探讨了组织学习文化（OLCu）如何促进员工的学习和适应能力--学习敏捷性--最终转化为公司业绩的提高。本研究采用横截面研究设计，通过对印度 IT 行业硬件服务公司超过 313 名员工的自填式调查收集数据。然后利用路径分析对收集到的数据进行分析，并揭示其中的内在关系。研究结果揭示了 OLCu、学习敏捷性和公司业绩之间迷人的相互作用。研究表明，OLCu 起着催化剂的作用，它营造了一种鼓励持续学习和发展的工作环境。这反过来又促进了员工的学习敏捷性。不过，研究也表明，学习敏捷性起着中介作用，即它可以部分解释 OLCu 对企业绩效的影响。简单地说，尽管强大的 OLCu 至关重要，但员工学习敏捷性的提高才真正打开了企业绩效提高的大门。这项研究提供了宝贵的见解，可以增强印度 IT 企业的能力。通过培养充满活力的 OLCu，企业可以为员工提供学习灵活性所需的工具和支持。这种灵活性将转化为一支能够随时适应新技术、不断变化的客户需求和动态业务环境的员工队伍。因此，企业可以期待更大的创新、更好的服务交付，并最终显著提升整体绩效。这项研究还对现有知识体系做出了重大贡献。它为组织学习理论增添了新的视角，强调了学习敏捷性作为 OLCu 与企业绩效之间桥梁的关键作用，尤其是在印度 IT 行业。
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