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State regulation of the oil and gas complex in the conditions of digitalization of the world economic system 世界经济体系数字化条件下国家对油气联合体的调控
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-71-82
S. Trofimov
The purpose of article is to study the issues of state regulation of the oil and gas complex, including current areas of its improvement, environmental factors, in the context of the digitalization of the global economic system and the global energy market. The author investigated the importance of increasing the efficiency of state regulation of foreign economic activity in the context of ensuring national and energy sustainability, developing forecasts of strategic development. It was concluded that it is necessary to reflect long-term goals and tactical tasks in program-targeted documents, expand co-operational interactions with various sectors of the economy and industries, and promote technological innovations at the state level that allow expanding industrial and production potential and ensuring faster development of the oil and gas complex. The article was carried out using such scientific methods as synthesis, analysis, generalization and comparison, as well as from the standpoint of system-functional and complex or integrated approaches. The practical significance of the results lies in the theoretical justification of the need for state regulation of the oil and gas complex in the context of digital technological changes. It is aimed at promoting domestic industry and sectoral development, stimulating the integrated introduction of innovations, and reaching outstripping economic growth rates that are ahead of the pace.
本文的目的是在全球经济体系和全球能源市场数字化的背景下,研究石油和天然气综合体的国家监管问题,包括其当前改进的领域、环境因素。作者研究了在确保国家和能源可持续性、制定战略发展预测的背景下提高国家对外国经济活动监管效率的重要性。结论是,有必要在针对计划的文件中反映长期目标和战术任务,扩大与经济和工业各部门的合作互动,促进国家一级的技术创新,以扩大工业和生产潜力,确保石油和天然气综合体的更快发展。本文采用综合、分析、概括、比较等科学方法,从系统功能和复杂或综合的角度进行研究。研究结果的现实意义在于,从理论上证明了在数字技术变革的背景下,国家对油气综合体进行监管的必要性。它的目的是促进国内工业和部门发展,刺激综合引进创新,并达到超前的经济增长率。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Transformation in Oil and Gas Industry 石油和天然气行业的数字化转型
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.3311/ppso.20830
Chourouk Haouel, András Nemeslaki
Digital technology can benefit the oil and gas sector by increasing hydrocarbon recovery, ensuring safety throughout the corporate ecosystem, and improving operational reliability. This study addresses the oil and gas supply chain digital transformation tendencies as well as the Norwegian petroleum refining company Equinor's initiatives. The main objective is to explore the opportunities for digitalisation in the oil and gas industry as well as the state of the industry's digital strategy more generally. The findings support the industry's major players continuing to invest in their collaborative ecosystem by partnering with their suppliers and start-ups and sharing with them a platform where data that can help them improve their economic position can easily be shared. It is recommended that they should develop a digital strategy roadmap, as in the case of Equinor, as a matter of priority. Supporting innovation and technology adoption through continued investment and the hiring of qualified experts is also of critical importance. It is also important to improve the digital skills of employees and spread a digital culture throughout the company so that they can protect themselves against future cyberattacks or other potential risks. On a global level, the successful implementation of a digital solution will reshape market dynamics (in terms of supply, demand, and investment) as well as the way energy networks are managed.
数字技术可以提高油气采收率,确保整个企业生态系统的安全性,并提高运营可靠性,从而使油气行业受益。本研究探讨了油气供应链数字化转型趋势以及挪威炼油公司Equinor的举措。主要目标是探索油气行业数字化的机会,以及行业数字化战略的总体状况。调查结果支持行业的主要参与者继续投资于他们的合作生态系统,通过与供应商和初创企业合作,并与他们分享一个平台,可以帮助他们改善经济地位的数据可以很容易地共享。建议他们制定一个数字战略路线图,就像Equinor的情况一样,作为优先事项。通过持续投资和聘用合格专家来支持创新和技术采用也至关重要。提高员工的数字技能并在整个公司传播数字文化也很重要,这样他们就可以保护自己免受未来的网络攻击或其他潜在风险。在全球范围内,数字化解决方案的成功实施将重塑市场动态(在供应、需求和投资方面)以及能源网络的管理方式。
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引用次数: 0
Crisis Communication of National Destination Management Organizations before and during the Coronavirus Pandemic 冠状病毒大流行前和期间国家目的地管理机构的危机沟通
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.3311/ppso.20131
Nikoletta Kaszás, Krisztina Keller
When a tourist destination goes into crisis, the news about the crisis immediately reaches visitors. However, in 2020 the coronavirus pandemic affected not only one destination, but also resulted in a global crisis throughout the entire tourism sector since governmental restrictions were introduced for the sake of worldwide security. As potential travellers were only able to plan their trips, mostly using online platforms, crisis communication, awareness raising, or even reminder campaigns on the part of tourist destinations began to gain in value. In 2021 the national regulations fundamentally affecting tourism determined what opportunities remained open or were instead closed to national destination management organizations (DMOs). As these decisions became endowments and factors that could not be influenced, we chose to focus our research on how the online communication of tourist destinations has changed due to the pandemic. In the study, we review both the pre-crisis communication of national DMOs of the European Union and their online activity during the coronavirus pandemic. Our goal is to explore the change between the two periods: the revealed differences in communication between the first and second waves of the pandemic. We will also examine the possibilities for recovery and formulate recommendations for a post-pandemic communication strategy.
当一个旅游目的地陷入危机时,有关危机的消息会立即传到游客手中。然而,在2020年,冠状病毒大流行不仅影响了一个目的地,而且还导致了整个旅游业的全球危机,因为政府为了全球安全而采取了限制措施。由于潜在的旅行者只能计划他们的旅行,主要是使用在线平台,旅游目的地的危机沟通、提高意识甚至提醒活动开始获得价值。2021年,从根本上影响旅游业的国家法规决定了哪些机会仍然对国家目的地管理组织开放或关闭。随着这些决定成为不受影响的禀赋和因素,我们选择将研究重点放在旅游目的地的在线交流如何因疫情而发生变化上。在这项研究中,我们回顾了欧盟国家DMO在危机前的沟通及其在冠状病毒大流行期间的在线活动。我们的目标是探索这两个时期之间的变化:第一波和第二波疫情之间的沟通差异。我们还将研究复苏的可能性,并为疫情后的沟通战略制定建议。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Network Readiness Index (NRI) Using Multivariate Statistics 网络准备度指数的多元统计分析
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.3311/ppso.20548
Madina Tokmergenova, Imre Dobos
The Network Readiness Index (NRI) is one of the indicators that shows the level of digital development of countries. The NRI for 2021 shows the development of 130 countries, in contrast to the 45 countries covered by the International Digital Economy and Society Index (I-DESI) of the European Union, which measures only the most developed countries. This paper aims to determine the relationship between 12 sub-pillars of NRI. We use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to perform a mapping of our data to a lower-dimensional space, and further analyse the causal relationships between the principal sub-pillars using partial correlation coefficients, concluding that two of the twelve main sub-pillars can be explained by ten independent sub-pillars. Thereafter, we use cluster analysis to group our objects (i.e. the 130 countries) into clusters.
网络准备指数(NRI)是反映各国数字化发展水平的指标之一。2021年的NRI显示了130个国家的发展情况,相比之下,欧盟的国际数字经济与社会指数(I-DESI)只衡量最发达的国家,涵盖了45个国家。本文旨在确定NRI的12个子支柱之间的关系。我们使用主成分分析(PCA)将我们的数据映射到低维空间,并使用偏相关系数进一步分析主要子支柱之间的因果关系,得出结论,十二个主要子支柱中的两个可以用十个独立的子支柱来解释。之后,我们使用聚类分析将我们的对象(即130个国家)分组。
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引用次数: 0
Does ESG Improve Crisis Resilience? Empirical Evidence of Global Emerging Equity Markets during the Covid-19 Crisis ESG能提高危机复原力吗?新冠肺炎危机期间全球新兴市场股票市场的经验证据
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.3311/ppso.19147
H. Naffa, Fanni Dudás
We examine the role of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors in explaining the crisis resilience of 1031 global emerging market (GEM) equities during the Covid-19 crisis downturn of Q1 2020. We use linear and quantile regressions (QR) and find a statistically significant negative relationship between a firm's ESG management score and crisis resilience as proxied by stock maximal drawdown. Our results suggest that companies with better ESG management were less crisis resilient, a finding consistent with agency-theory-based explanations found in the literature. Results are robust across all OLS and QR models.
我们研究了环境、社会和治理(ESG)因素在解释1031只全球新兴市场(GEM)股票在2020年第一季度新冠肺炎危机低迷期间的危机抵御能力方面的作用。我们使用线性和分位数回归(QR),发现公司的ESG管理得分与危机复原力之间存在统计学上显著的负相关关系,这是由股票最大回撤所代表的。我们的研究结果表明,ESG管理较好的公司具有较低的危机抵御能力,这一发现与文献中基于代理理论的解释一致。结果在所有OLS和QR模型中都是稳健的。
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引用次数: 0
Towards Gender Equality in Hungarian Universities 在匈牙利大学实现性别平等
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.3311/ppso.20754
Sirin Abusalha
Women's participation in higher positions in education, particularly in higher education, is a critical issue. Governments are working toward improving gender equality in education, as well as other aspects of the issue such as economics, social issues, and work. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence gender equality at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics. To accomplish the aim, two research questions were set up: How do the employees perceive gender equality at BME, and what factors have an impact on gender equality? Plus, what does the BME Gender Equality Plan reveal about workplace equality and policies, and how is the university working towards achieving gender equality?The study relied on qualitative methods, such as interviews and data analysis of the gender equality plan 2022-2025 and its intervention areas. The study explored the university background and experiences toward achieving gender equality, and the challenges encountered. The interviews revealed some of the challenges that the participants have faced regarding equal pay, promotion, and research opportunities. The evidence indicates that there is an underrepresentation of women in managerial and teaching positions, while there is an overrepresentation in administration positions. This can be attributed to the lack of formal policies that aim to promote gender equality, culture, and the lack of appropriate communication channels. However, based on the Gender Equality Plan 2022-2025, the university aims towards achieving gender equality within all faculties.
妇女参与高等教育,特别是高等教育,是一个关键问题。各国政府正在努力改善教育中的性别平等,以及经济、社会问题和工作等问题的其他方面。本研究旨在调查布达佩斯科技经济大学影响性别平等的因素。为了实现这一目标,提出了两个研究问题:BME员工如何看待性别平等,以及哪些因素对性别平等有影响?此外,BME性别平等计划揭示了关于工作场所平等和政策的内容,以及大学如何努力实现性别平等?该研究依赖于定性方法,如对2022-2025年性别平等计划及其干预领域的访谈和数据分析。该研究探讨了实现性别平等的大学背景和经验,以及遇到的挑战。访谈揭示了参与者在同工同酬、晋升和研究机会方面面临的一些挑战。有证据表明,妇女在管理和教学职位上的代表性不足,而在行政职位上的人数过多。这可归因于缺乏旨在促进性别平等、文化的正式政策,以及缺乏适当的沟通渠道。然而,根据《2022-2025年性别平等计划》,该大学的目标是在所有院系实现性别平等。
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引用次数: 0
On the Progressive Views on the Economic Entities’ Governance in Various Regions of the Globe 论全球不同地区经济实体治理的进步观点
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.26794/2304-022x-2022-12-4-115-128
V. Marshev, V. Bogachev, S. Chernov
XXII International Conference on the History of Management Thought and Business “Development of views on regional Economic management in the countries of the world: History and modernity” was held on July 1 and 2, 2022 at the Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow State University. The event was announced in the informational paper of the journal “Management Sciences” [2022;12(1):96–98]. The participants at the conference were asked the following questions:— Why did ideas and concepts of regional economic management arise and develop?— How did the authors’ views of the concepts of regional governance differ and what were the factors and reasons for changing these views?— Which way and what aspect languages (political, economic, socio-cultural, etc.) were measured and estimated the concepts and results of conflict governance in managing the economies of regions in various countries of the world?— How and why did the views change on the staffing of regional economic management processes?Over 90 people attended the conference (in online and offline forms) —  students, masters, graduate students, lecturers, scientists and practitioners from 6 countries. They had read 32 lectures and reports. This paper provides an analytical review of some of them.
第22届管理思想与商业史国际会议“世界各国区域经济管理观的发展:历史与现代性”于2022年7月1日至2日在罗蒙诺索夫莫斯科国立大学经济学院举行。该事件在《管理科学》杂志的信息论文中公布[2022;12(1):96-98]。与会者被问及以下问题:—区域经济管理的思想和概念是如何产生和发展的?-两位作者对区域治理概念的看法有何不同?导致这些观点改变的因素和原因是什么?-在管理世界各国区域经济时,以何种方式和哪些方面的语言(政治、经济、社会文化等)来衡量和估计冲突治理的概念和结果?-对区域经济管理程序人员配置的看法如何以及为什么发生了变化?来自6个国家的学生、硕士、研究生、讲师、科学家和从业人员共90多人参加了会议(线上和线下形式)。他们读了32篇讲座和报告。本文对其中的一些进行了分析综述。
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引用次数: 0
Decent Work Systems: Management Model Analysis on the Example of Russian Railways 体面劳动制度:以俄罗斯铁路为例的管理模式分析
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.26794/2304-022x-2022-12-4-103-114
K. Gileva
Decent work governance for modern socio-economic systems is a key goal and a common operating methodology. The current literature does not fully disclose the questions posed, which require the proposal of system management models, formed considering the factors of the external and internal environment that determine the characteristics of management in different sectors of the economy. The purpose of the paper is to update the modern provisions of the decent work theory, the formation of a basic model for managing decent working conditions and its substantive justification on the example of Russian Railways enterprises. For this purpose, the author describes the implementation research work using the methods of interdisciplinary analysis of literature and practical experience, as well as a regulatory framework, professional recruitment, including for the transport industry, strategic documents and concepts in responsible work. Also, the research used the method of counter modeling, which represents the decomposition of the theoretical model into the results of the production conditions, financial and socio-economic activities of a particular enterprise. As a result of the work carried out, the author built a model for managing suitable labor at the enterprise based on the scheme of suitable labor management, also relying on empirical data and the regulatory framework of Russian Railways. This model has become a methodological basis for analyzing the situation of decent labor management at the enterprises of Russian Railways. The data obtained testify to the operation of managerial, legal, supervisory, institutional and financial mechanisms for managing suitable work. The practice of applying the results of the study led both to positive results and identified problem areas that cause socio-economic risks in implementing personnel policy measures of Russian Railways.
现代社会经济制度的体面劳动治理是一个关键目标,也是一种共同的操作方法。目前的文献并没有完全揭示所提出的问题,这需要提出系统管理模型,考虑决定不同经济部门管理特征的外部和内部环境因素。本文旨在以俄罗斯铁路企业为例,更新体面劳动理论的现代规定,形成体面劳动条件管理的基本模式,并对其进行实体论证。为此,作者采用跨学科分析文献和实践经验的方法,描述了实施研究工作,以及监管框架,专业招聘,包括运输行业,战略文件和负责工作的概念。此外,研究还使用了反建模的方法,即将理论模型分解为特定企业的生产条件、财务和社会经济活动的结果。根据所开展的工作,笔者在合适劳动力管理方案的基础上,依托实证数据和俄罗斯铁路的监管框架,构建了企业合适劳动力管理模型。该模型已成为分析俄罗斯铁路企业体面劳动管理现状的方法论基础。所获得的数据证明了管理、法律、监督、体制和财政机制的运作,以管理适当的工作。应用研究结果的做法既取得了积极成果,也确定了在执行俄罗斯铁路公司人事政策措施方面造成社会经济风险的问题领域。
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引用次数: 0
Financial and Economic Risks Management in Russian Health Care System 俄罗斯卫生保健系统的金融和经济风险管理
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.26794/2304-022x-2022-12-4-63-75
B. I. Trifonov
Nowadays, the society faces with financial and economic risks which play a special role in the diversity of risks. In the most general form, they affect the amount of available financial resources that can meet the current needs of the population and spread new living standards. The purpose of the study is to analyze the affection of financial and economic risks on social growth and to develop recommendations for creating a mechanism for managing them in the Russian health care system. For this goal achievement, the author has identified several tasks clarifying the approach to determining financial and economic risks in this paradigm, as well as identifying measures to change financing Russian health care. The methodological base: systemic; comparative analysis; synthesis; socio-economic and statistical methods of data analysis. The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in an integrated system growth for managing financial and economic risks, which unites different economic entities, as well as in determining measures to change the financing mechanisms of the Russian health care system. The specialists can use the results obtained in subsequent work on the problems of risk management at the level of corporate organizations, state agencies, and society.
当今社会面临着金融经济风险,金融经济风险在风险的多样性中发挥着特殊的作用。在最一般的形式中,它们影响到能够满足人口当前需要和传播新的生活水平的可用财政资源的数量。该研究的目的是分析金融和经济风险对社会增长的影响,并为在俄罗斯卫生保健系统中建立管理机制提出建议。为了实现这一目标,提交人确定了几项任务,澄清了在这一范式中确定金融和经济风险的方法,并确定了改变俄罗斯卫生保健筹资的措施。方法论基础:系统性;比较分析;合成;数据分析的社会经济和统计方法。本研究的理论意义和现实意义在于,将不同的经济实体联合起来,形成管理金融和经济风险的一体化系统增长,并确定改变俄罗斯卫生保健系统融资机制的措施。专家们可以在公司组织、国家机构和社会层面的风险管理问题的后续工作中使用获得的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Russian Corporate Governance Practice: Strength Test (Review of the Round Table “Development of Russian Corporate Governance Practice: Strength Test”) 俄罗斯公司治理实践的发展:强度测试(“俄罗斯公司治理实践的发展:强度测试”圆桌会议回顾)
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.26794/2304-022x-2022-12-4-129-132
I. Belyaeva, A. A. Voronin, A. Yukhno
.
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences
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