Physics Open最新文献_第8页

Size and liquid-substrate interfacial energy effects on melting temperature and band gap in CdSe Nanoparticles: A comparative study of cylindrical and spherical geometries 尺寸和液体-衬底界面能对CdSe纳米颗粒熔化温度和带隙的影响：圆柱形和球形几何形状的比较研究

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100295

Gebru Tesfaye Sherka, Habte Dulla Berry

This paper presents a theoretical comparison examining the effects of nanoparticle size and liquid-substrate interfacial energy on the melting temperature and band gap of cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles supported on a glass substrate, analyzing both cylindrical and spherical shapes. Using a simple thermodynamic model, this study investigates the influence of nanoparticle size and liquid-substrate interfacial energy on the melting temperature and band gap of supported CdSe nanoparticles with cylindrical and spherical geometries. The model incorporates surface and interfacial energies and wetting parameters to derive analytical expressions for the variations in melting temperature and band gap as functions of nanoparticle size and substrate interaction for both shapes. Results show that the melting temperature decreases with decreasing particle size. In contrast, the band gap increases, but the extent of this dependence varies between cylindrical and spherical geometries, which means nanoparticles with higher surface curvatures (cylindrical shape) exhibit lower melting temperatures than nanoparticles with lower surface curvatures (spherical shape). Furthermore, stronger liquid-substrate interfacial interactions lead to greater melting point depression, while weaker interactions stabilize the nanoparticles, resulting in higher melting temperatures in both geometries. The band gap shows a strong quantum confinement effect in smaller nanoparticles, while their geometry and substrate interactions further influence this trend. The study compares theoretical predictions with existing experimental data and models for unsupported nanoparticles, emphasizing how interfacial energy and shape critically affect the thermal and optical characteristics of CdSe nanomaterials. These findings provide valuable guidance for enhancing the performance and durability of CdSe-based devices in photovoltaic systems, optoelectronic components, and nanosensors.

本文从理论上比较了纳米颗粒尺寸和液基界面能对玻璃基板上硒化镉（CdSe）纳米颗粒熔化温度和带隙的影响，分析了圆柱形和球形两种形状。利用简单的热力学模型，研究了纳米颗粒尺寸和液基界面能对圆柱形和球形负载型CdSe纳米颗粒熔化温度和带隙的影响。该模型结合表面和界面能以及润湿参数，推导出两种形状的纳米颗粒尺寸和衬底相互作用对熔化温度和带隙变化的解析表达式。结果表明，熔点温度随晶粒尺寸的减小而降低。相比之下，带隙增加，但这种依赖程度在圆柱形和球形几何形状之间有所不同，这意味着具有较高表面曲率的纳米颗粒（圆柱形）比具有较低表面曲率的纳米颗粒（球形）具有更低的熔化温度。此外，更强的液体-衬底界面相互作用导致更大的熔点下降，而更弱的相互作用使纳米颗粒稳定，导致两种几何形状的更高熔化温度。带隙在较小的纳米颗粒中表现出很强的量子约束效应，而它们的几何形状和衬底相互作用进一步影响了这一趋势。该研究将理论预测与现有的无负载纳米颗粒的实验数据和模型进行了比较，强调了界面能和形状如何对CdSe纳米材料的热学和光学特性产生关键影响。这些发现为提高光电系统、光电元件和纳米传感器中基于cdse的器件的性能和耐久性提供了有价值的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Passive shimming method for permanent magnet MRI based on dynamic target magnetic field 基于动态目标磁场的永磁核磁共振被动摆振方法

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100296

Xin Liu , Jianli Meng , Chuangxin Huang , Qi Chen , Huiyuan Tan , Qiuliang Wang

To improve the imaging quality of permanent magnet MRI systems, passive shimming of the main magnetic field is necessary. However, traditional passive shimming methods face challenges such as overly stringent constraints and reliance on a single measurement volume. To address these issues, this paper proposes a dynamic target magnetic field (DTMF)-based shimming method for permanent magnet MRI systems. By dynamically adjusting the target magnetic field values, this method relaxes feasibility constraints and enhances the efficiency of obtaining viable solutions within the solution space. First, building on the fixed target magnetic field method (FTMF), we establish a shimming optimization model for the DTMF method and introduce an incremental revised simplex algorithm for solving the model. Next, a 0.2T permanent magnet MRI shimming experimental platform is constructed, involving the configuration of sampling points and shim pad placement. Finally, shimming experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and quantitative evaluations are conducted using assessment metrics for the shimming results. The results demonstrate that, compared to the fixed target magnetic field method, the DTMF method achieves a 29.17 % improvement in field homogeneity and a 24.24 % reduction in shim pad consumption. This method provides a more efficient, comprehensive, and flexible solution for enhancing the magnetic field homogeneity of permanent magnet MRI systems.

为了提高永磁核磁共振成像系统的成像质量，需要对主磁场进行被动调光。然而，传统的被动摆振方法面临着过于严格的约束和对单一测量体积的依赖等挑战。为了解决这些问题，本文提出了一种基于动态目标磁场（DTMF）的永磁核磁共振系统摆振方法。该方法通过动态调整目标磁场值，放宽了可行性约束，提高了求解空间内可行解的效率。首先，在固定目标磁场法（FTMF）的基础上，建立了DTMF方法的摆振优化模型，并引入增量修正单纯形算法求解该模型。其次，构建0.2T永磁MRI摆振实验平台，包括采样点的配置和摆振垫的放置。最后，通过浮波实验验证了该方法的有效性，并利用评价指标对浮波结果进行了定量评价。结果表明，与固定目标磁场法相比，DTMF方法的磁场均匀性提高了29.17%，垫片消耗降低了24.24%。该方法为增强永磁MRI系统的磁场均匀性提供了一种更高效、全面、灵活的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Ternary PtFeCu alloys loaded on three-dimensional porous carbon for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction 三维多孔碳负载三元PtFeCu合金进行碱性析氢反应

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100293

Jinlong He, Shuhua Zhao, Siyu Shang, Chenxi Zhou, Deying Wen

Ternary PtFeCu alloy nanoparticles were decorated on three-dimensional porous carbon (PtFeCu-3DC) via a self-templating strategy. Benefiting from the synergetic effect of three-dimensional porous carbon and the anchored PtFeCu alloy nanoparticles, could promote the mass transfer efficiency and catalytic activity in alkaline solution. The obtained PtFeCu/3DC-800 catalyst exhibited excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity in 1 M KOH with an overpotential as low as 20 mV, a Tafel slope as small as 44.62 mV dec⁻¹, and good durability (50000 s). These results demonstrate the great potential of ternary Pt-based alloys for practical applications.

采用自模板策略在三维多孔碳（PtFeCu- 3dc）上修饰了三元PtFeCu合金纳米颗粒。利用三维多孔碳与锚定的PtFeCu合金纳米颗粒的协同作用，可以提高碱性溶液中的传质效率和催化活性。所制得的PtFeCu/3DC-800催化剂在1 M KOH条件下具有优异的析氢活性，过电位低至20 mV，塔菲尔斜率小至44.62 mV dec−1，耐久性好（50000 s）。这些结果显示了三元pt基合金在实际应用中的巨大潜力。

引用次数: 0

The relevant bosons at the liquid-solid transition 液固跃迁中的相关玻色子

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100291

Ulrich Köbler

Using the cubic alkali halogenides as model materials, it is shown that the cohesion of the solids up to the rather high melting temperatures, T_m, is not by the inter-atomic interactions but by a boson field. A reasonable measure of the absolute interatomic interaction strength is given by the Debye-temperature, Θ_D, which is much lower than T_m. It is explained that in the wide temperature range Θ_D < T < T_m, the dynamics is the dynamics of a boson field. This is evidenced by the observed universality in the temperature dependence of heat capacity and relative thermal length changes, ΔL/L₀ below T_m. The boson field orders at T_m and defines the perfect long-range atomic order of the crystalline state. Upon ordering all bosons condense in the lowest quantum state (Bose-Einstein condensation). This is the highest possible thermodynamic order, and provides a plausible entropy argument for the exclusion of the interatomic interactions at order-disorder phase transitions. Additionally, ordered boson fields contract themselves to a finite volume such as a domain. The mosaic blocks, occurring in, practically, all crystalline solids, have to be viewed as the domains of the bosons that order at T_m. Within each mosaic block, the bosons are in a stationary mode. The constricting force of the ordered boson field that compresses each mosaic block increasingly with decreasing temperature, guarantees the cohesion of the whole solid up to T_m. Plausible arguments are given that the bosons that order at T_m are elastic quadrupole radiation.

以立方碱卤化物为模型材料，证明了固体在较高熔点Tm之前的内聚不是由原子间相互作用引起的，而是由玻色子场引起的。德拜温度ΘD是原子间绝对相互作用强度的合理度量，远低于Tm。说明在较宽的温度范围内ΘD <；T & lt;Tm，动力学是玻色子场的动力学。热容和相对热长变化在温度依赖性中的普遍性证明了这一点，ΔL/L0低于Tm。玻色子场在Tm处有序，并定义了晶体状态的完美远程原子有序。在排序时，所有玻色子都在最低量子态（玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚）中凝聚。这是最高可能的热力学顺序，并为排除有序-无序相变中的原子间相互作用提供了一个可信的熵论证。此外，有序玻色子场收缩到一个有限的体积，如一个域。实际上，在所有结晶固体中都存在的马赛克块，必须被视为在Tm处有序的玻色子的域。在每个镶嵌块内，玻色子处于静止模式。随着温度的降低，有序玻色子场的收缩力对每个镶嵌块的压缩越来越大，从而保证了整个固体的内聚力达到Tm。给出了在Tm处有序的玻色子是弹性四极辐射的合理论证。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic performance of magnetorheological Elastomer isolators for adaptive torsional vibration control in SDoF Systems: An experimental study 用于自适应扭转振动控制的磁流变弹性体隔振器动态性能的实验研究

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100289

Praveen Shenoy , Anarghya Ananda Murthy , K.V. Gangadharan , Ishwaragouda S. Patil

This paper presents an experimental investigation into the application of Magnetorheological Elastomer (MRE) isolators for torsional vibration isolation in a Single Degree of Freedom (SDoF) system. First, the characteristics have been extensively studied under torsional shear, followed by the derivation of the Parametric modeling for the system parameters using a fractional derivative-based Poynting-Thomson model. After investigating the dynamic properties of Magnetorheological Elastomers, an experimental test was custom-built using a MRE isolator for torsional vibration isolation in a single degree of freedom (SDoF) system. The system's input and output angular displacements were measured using the Serial Arrangement of Accelerometers (SAA) technique, which accurately captures the torsional modes of the system. The reduction in the system's transmissibility ratios, a measure of vibration isolation ability, was used to assess the effectiveness of the MRE isolators. The experimental results show that the system's natural Frequency shifts noticeably in response to different magnetic fields, significantly lowering transmissibility ratios. The impact of damping on the system was also investigated despite some discrepancies in the patterns. Results highlight a reduction in the amplitude transmissibility to 37.36 %. Co-relating to the field-dependent increase in the Stiffness, a frequency shift of 3 Hz is also observed.

本文对磁流变弹性体（MRE）隔振器在单自由度系统扭振中的应用进行了实验研究。首先，广泛研究了扭转剪切作用下的特性，然后利用基于分数阶导数的Poynting-Thomson模型推导了系统参数的参数化建模。在研究了磁流变弹性体的动态特性后，在单自由度（SDoF）系统中使用MRE隔振器进行了扭振隔离的实验测试。采用加速度计串行排列（SAA）技术测量了系统的输入和输出角位移，该技术准确捕获了系统的扭转模态。降低系统的传递率，隔振能力的一个指标，被用来评估MRE隔振器的有效性。实验结果表明，系统的固有频率在不同磁场下有明显的位移，显著降低了传输率。尽管在模式上存在一些差异，但阻尼对系统的影响也进行了研究。结果显示，振幅传递率降低到37.36%。与场相关的刚度增加有关，还观察到3hz的频移。

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引用次数: 0

Electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of pentagonal Pt2Se4 monolayer doped with metalloid elements 掺杂类金属元素的五边形Pt2Se4单层的电子、磁性和光学性质

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100290

Mojtaba Gholami, Majid Ebrahimzadeh, Ali Sajjadian

The electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of the pentagonal Pt₂Se₄ monolayer doped with metalloid elements (B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, and At) as substitutes for Pt and Se atoms were explored using density functional theory. Our calculations of formation energies indicate that doping at the Se site is energetically preferred for all metalloids, with the Pt-site substitutions consistently exhibiting higher formation energies, averaging approximately 2.0 eV higher than the corresponding Se-site substitutions. Except for As, which induces a magnetic moment of approximately 0.5 μB in the system, the other dopants maintain the system's non-magnetic characteristics. The up-and-down-spin splitting of the As-pz orbital can be regarded as the primary reason for the emergence of the magnetic moment, a phenomenon absent in the other doped configurations. Apart from the B and Sb dopants, where new impurity states intersect the Fermi energy level, the remaining doped systems maintain semiconductor properties. All doped systems exhibit nearly transparent behavior in the visible energy range. However, incident light is effectively inhibited in the infrared region for B- and At-doped systems. The static dielectric constants ϵ₁(0) for Pt₂Se₄ doped with As, At, B, Ge, Sb, Te, and Si are reported as 1.08, 1.76, 1, 1.17, 1, and 1, respectively. These varied findings hold promise for applications in spintronics, optoelectronics, and the advancement of optical nanostructures.

利用密度泛函理论研究了掺杂类金属元素（B、Si、Ge、As、Sb、Te和At）代替Pt和Se原子的五边形Pt2Se4单层的电子、磁性和光学性质。我们对形成能的计算表明，对于所有的类金属来说，Se位点的掺杂在能量上是优先的，pt位点的取代始终表现出更高的形成能，平均比相应的Se位点的取代高约2.0 eV。除As在体系中产生约0.5 μB的磁矩外，其余掺杂剂均保持体系的非磁性。as -pz轨道的上下自旋分裂可以被认为是磁矩出现的主要原因，这一现象在其他掺杂构型中是不存在的。除了B和Sb掺杂剂，其中新的杂质态与费米能级相交，其余的掺杂系统保持半导体性质。所有掺杂体系在可见能量范围内表现出接近透明的行为。然而，对于掺杂B和at的系统，入射光在红外区域被有效抑制。掺入As、At、B、Ge、Sb、Te和Si的Pt2Se4的静态介电常数ϵ1(0)分别为1.08、1.76、1、1.17、1和1。这些不同的发现为自旋电子学、光电子学和光学纳米结构的发展带来了希望。

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引用次数: 0

Structural, optoelectronic, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of AgMgX3(X= Cl, Br): A first principles study AgMgX3（X= Cl, Br）的结构、光电、力学和热力学性质：第一性原理研究

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100288

Md Ashikur Rahman, Md Jobayer Hassan, Jerin Haider, Md Meskat Ali, Md Mahmudul Hasan, Md Alamgir Badsha

Maintaining a contamination-free environment is crucial for researchers developing industrial products. The lead-free perovskite compounds, AgMgX₃ (X = Cl, Br), have utilized density functional theory (DFT) to assess their properties. The stability of these compounds is confirmed by the Goldsmith tolerance factor and negative formation energy. For AgMgCl₃, the calculated indirect band gap values are 1.655 eV and 1.228 eV, while AgMgBr₃ shows band gap values of 0.889 eV and 0.453 eV, as determined by the GGA-PBE and LDA-CAPZ functionals, respectively. In addition, the hybrid functional HSE06 yields a band gap of 1.80 eV for AgMgCl₃ and 1.035 eV for AgMgBr₃. Both materials exhibit p-type semiconductor behavior. Moreover, these compounds demonstrate a high absorption coefficient, good optical conductivity, and low reflectivity within the visible spectral range, making them promising candidates for various applications. Their mechanical stability and ductility support the fabrication of thin films for use in heterostructure devices. The imaginary phonon frequency indicates dynamical instability, and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) reaffirm their elastic stability. Both perovskites exhibit anharmonic behavior at higher temperatures below melting point and high Debye temperatures suggest strong thermal stability. Consequently, the properties of these materials may pave the way for new optoelectronic applications.

对于开发工业产品的研究人员来说，保持无污染的环境至关重要。无铅钙钛矿化合物AgMgX3 （X = Cl, Br）利用密度泛函理论（DFT）评价了其性能。这些化合物的稳定性由Goldsmith容差系数和负地层能证实。AgMgCl3的间接带隙值分别为1.655 eV和1.228 eV，而AgMgBr3的间接带隙值分别为0.889 eV和0.453 eV，这是由GGA-PBE和LDA-CAPZ函数确定的。此外，杂化功能HSE06的带隙为AgMgCl3为1.80 eV， AgMgBr3为1.035 eV。两种材料均表现出p型半导体行为。此外，这些化合物在可见光谱范围内具有高吸收系数，良好的光学导电性和低反射率，使其具有各种应用前景。它们的机械稳定性和延展性支持了用于异质结构器件的薄膜的制造。虚声子频率表明其动力学不稳定性，从头算分子动力学（AIMD）证实了其弹性稳定性。这两种钙钛矿在熔点以下的高温下都表现出非调和行为，高德拜温度表明了很强的热稳定性。因此，这些材料的特性可能为新的光电应用铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Optical OTFS waveform PAPR analysis for high order modulation employing CNN, DNN, and AE machine learning algorithms under a variety of channel scenarios 采用CNN、DNN和AE机器学习算法的高阶调制光学OTFS波形PAPR分析

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100284

Arun Kumar , Nishant Gaur , Aziz Nanthaamornphong

Optical orthogonal time–frequency space (OTFS) modulation is a future technique for optical wireless communication with high mobility. Nevertheless, the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of OTFS modulation severely degrades the system performance, particularly in the case of high-order modulation formats. This paper proposes an algorithm for machine-learning (ML)-based PAPR reduction dedicated to optical OTFS under varying channel conditions, such as turbulence and multipath fading. The proposed method utilizes deep learning models to maximize signal processing and suppress peak-power variations, while ensuring signal integrity. The simulations result prove that the proposed method attains a PAPR reduction of about 4 dB and 3.8 dB for 256-QAM and 2.2 dB and 1.6 dB for 64-QAM under a Rayleigh and Rician channel at a Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) of 10-5, better than conventional PAPR reduction methods. Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis verifies that ML-based techniques, such as deep neural networks (DNN), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and autoencoders (AE), are spectrally efficient with negligible out-of-band radiation of -1070 and -1470 for 256QAM with diverse channel conditions. Moreover, Bit Error Rate (BER) performance tests demonstrate an SNR improvement of 8.2 dB and 3.9 at a BER of 10-5, guaranteeing error-free data transmission for diverse mobility scenarios. Furthermore, the proposed methods are compared with partial transmission schemes (PTS), selective mapping (SLM), tone reservation (TR), companding, clipping, and filtering (C&F). The numerical results emphasize the capability of ML to improve PAPR performance without PSD and BER performance. The results are significant for future optical wireless networks, where high data rates must be sustained and nonlinear distortion minimized.

光正交时频空间（OTFS）调制是一种未来的高移动性光无线通信技术。然而，OTFS调制的高峰值平均功率比（PAPR）严重降低了系统性能，特别是在高阶调制格式的情况下。本文提出了一种基于机器学习（ML）的PAPR降低算法，用于不同信道条件下的光学OTFS，如湍流和多径衰落。该方法利用深度学习模型最大化信号处理和抑制峰值功率变化，同时保证信号完整性。仿真结果表明，在互补累积分布函数（CCDF）为10-5的条件下，该方法对256-QAM的PAPR降低了约4 dB和3.8 dB，对64-QAM的PAPR降低了约2.2 dB和1.6 dB，优于传统的PAPR降低方法。功率谱密度（PSD）分析验证了基于ml的技术，如深度神经网络（DNN）、卷积神经网络（CNN）和自动编码器（AE），对于不同信道条件下的256QAM具有频谱效率，可以忽略-1070和-1470的带外辐射。此外，误码率（BER）性能测试表明，在误码率为10-5的情况下，信噪比提高了8.2 dB，信噪比提高了3.9，保证了各种移动场景下的无差错数据传输。此外，将所提出的方法与部分传输方案（PTS）、选择性映射方案（SLM）、音调保留方案（TR）、压缩、裁剪和滤波方案（C&；F）进行了比较。数值结果强调了机器学习在没有PSD和误码率的情况下提高PAPR性能的能力。这一结果对未来的光纤无线网络具有重要意义，在那里必须保持高数据速率并最小化非线性失真。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative artificial neural networks for Schwarzschild black hole (SBH) radius 史瓦西黑洞（SBH）半径的比较人工神经网络

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100287

Khalil Ur Rehman , Wasfi Shatanawi , Weam G. Alharbi

It is consensus among researchers that the data for the black holes is complicated and extremely non-linear in nature. Therefore, it remains a challenging task for them to predict the key characteristics of concerned black holes accurately. The present work offers artificial neural networks assistance in the context of a choice of training functions for the prediction of astrophysical phenomena like the event horizon and radius of black holes. To be more specific, we considered the Schwarzschild black hole as the simplest solution of Einstein's field equations. The Schwarzschild radius and masses are chosen in the last and first layers of the neural networks model, respectively. Two various training functions namely Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm (LMTA) and Scaled Conjugate Gradient training algorithms (SCGTA) are used. We have observed that the LMTA achieved significantly lower error rates, suggesting a better fit and stronger learning capabilities from the solar masses of black holes. Furthermore, the close alignment between the ANN-predicted and actual Schwarzschild black hole radius demonstrates the LMTA model holds the ability to generalize effectively across unseen masses of black holes.

研究人员一致认为，黑洞的数据是复杂的，本质上是极其非线性的。因此，准确预测相关黑洞的关键特征仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。目前的工作提供了人工神经网络在选择训练函数的背景下帮助预测天体物理现象，如事件视界和黑洞半径。更具体地说，我们认为史瓦西黑洞是爱因斯坦场方程的最简单解。在神经网络模型的最后一层和第一层分别选择史瓦西半径和质量。使用了两种不同的训练函数，即Levenberg-Marquardt训练算法（LMTA）和缩放共轭梯度训练算法（SCGTA）。我们观察到LMTA的错误率明显更低，这表明它具有更好的拟合和更强的学习能力，可以从黑洞的太阳质量中学习。此外，人工神经网络预测的黑洞半径与实际的史瓦西黑洞半径之间的紧密一致表明，LMTA模型具有有效推广到看不见的黑洞质量的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Conservation relationship bridging entropy and information 连接熵和信息的守恒关系

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Physics Open

Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2025.100285

Stoyan C. Russev

Entropy and information are interconnected concepts fundamental to physics and information theory with reflections in different fields like biology, computer science, cosmology, information technology, even social science and law. However, a generally accepted quantitative link between them is still missing. This study addresses the fundamental relationship between physical entropy and information. It is shown here that there is a simple and universal conservation relationship between physical entropy and appropriately interpreted information entropy. As an illustration of its application, it is demonstrated that Landauer's lower bound on entropy change can be directly derived from this relationship.

熵和信息是物理学和信息论的基础概念，在生物学、计算机科学、宇宙学、信息技术，甚至社会科学和法律等不同领域都有反映。然而，它们之间普遍接受的定量联系仍然缺失。本研究探讨了物理熵与信息之间的基本关系。这里表明，物理熵和适当解释的信息熵之间存在简单而普遍的守恒关系。为了说明它的应用，我们证明了熵变的兰道尔下界可以直接由这个关系推导出来。

引用次数: 0